Pub Date : 2013-04-15DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549855
A. Abbas
This paper proposes a normative decision analytic framework for the design of engineering systems. The approach distinguishes two main types of design enterprises: profit maximizing firms and federal government organizations. For a profit maximizing firm, the approach proposes that the firm should maximize the expected utility of total shareholder return. Within this framework, a fundamental axiom is proposed: that there be no division within an organization that will accept a project that another division within the same organization, and with the same information and resources, would reject. This axiom translates into the necessity of a corporate utility function: divisions within the same organization will operate with the same risk attitude. For a federal government organization (such as NASA), the approach proposes an axiom that relates requirements-based design to value-based design: that there be no design outside the requirements region that is preferred to a design within the requirements region. This axiom leads to the necessity of assigning trade-offs to design requirements and the necessity of a corporate value function. Consequences of these two axioms exhibit the arbitrariness that exists in a variety of widely used systems engineering and requirements-based design approaches.
{"title":"Normative perspectives on engineering systems design","authors":"A. Abbas","doi":"10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549855","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a normative decision analytic framework for the design of engineering systems. The approach distinguishes two main types of design enterprises: profit maximizing firms and federal government organizations. For a profit maximizing firm, the approach proposes that the firm should maximize the expected utility of total shareholder return. Within this framework, a fundamental axiom is proposed: that there be no division within an organization that will accept a project that another division within the same organization, and with the same information and resources, would reject. This axiom translates into the necessity of a corporate utility function: divisions within the same organization will operate with the same risk attitude. For a federal government organization (such as NASA), the approach proposes an axiom that relates requirements-based design to value-based design: that there be no design outside the requirements region that is preferred to a design within the requirements region. This axiom leads to the necessity of assigning trade-offs to design requirements and the necessity of a corporate value function. Consequences of these two axioms exhibit the arbitrariness that exists in a variety of widely used systems engineering and requirements-based design approaches.","PeriodicalId":218073,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132225750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-15DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549900
N. Whitehead, W. Scherer
In 1999, the Core Competencies, a curriculum for second-year medical residents was published by The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) in response to safety problems, poor performance and a high rate of expenditure in the U.S. healthcare system. Systems-based Practice - the sixth core competency - was designed specifically to bring systems thinking to the practice of specialized medicine with the stated goal of providing optimal healthcare. This paper applies a systemic analysis technique called The Dimensions of Systems Thinking (DST) to Systems-based Practice. Thirteen years after publication, Systems-based Practice has failed to have the desired effect on the healthcare system due to improperly defined objectives & system boundaries, lack of defined metrics & assessment procedures and the systematic nature of the system into which it was introduced. We make recommendations for improvements to the sixth core competency that would be part of a larger effort to achieve sustainability in the U.S. healthcare system.
{"title":"Moving from systematic treatment to a systemic approach A path for sustainable U.S. healthcare","authors":"N. Whitehead, W. Scherer","doi":"10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549900","url":null,"abstract":"In 1999, the Core Competencies, a curriculum for second-year medical residents was published by The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) in response to safety problems, poor performance and a high rate of expenditure in the U.S. healthcare system. Systems-based Practice - the sixth core competency - was designed specifically to bring systems thinking to the practice of specialized medicine with the stated goal of providing optimal healthcare. This paper applies a systemic analysis technique called The Dimensions of Systems Thinking (DST) to Systems-based Practice. Thirteen years after publication, Systems-based Practice has failed to have the desired effect on the healthcare system due to improperly defined objectives & system boundaries, lack of defined metrics & assessment procedures and the systematic nature of the system into which it was introduced. We make recommendations for improvements to the sixth core competency that would be part of a larger effort to achieve sustainability in the U.S. healthcare system.","PeriodicalId":218073,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130011262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-15DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549904
C. Insaurralde, J. Girón-Sierra, Santiago Cifuentes, J. Jiménez
The concept, functional aspects, and experiments based on lab prototypes of an innovative approach for aircraft fuel management have been developed in recent years. The main approach innovation is the replacement of the conventional central fuel computer with distributed and interconnected Smart Fuel Components (SFCs). This solution lowers the wiring weight, reduce the chance of a faulty connection, and simplify maintenance. This paper presents the experimental results obtained from ground and flight tests carried out on the implementation the above approach in a twin-engine helicopter. The SFC software is deployed in the helicopter in ground to be tested. Once the results obtained from the ground test are accepted, the same SFC software is tested in flight. The ground-tested and flight-tested functions for the fuel control system are: fuel supply, display of fuel levels, fuel transfer, refueling/defueling, measurement of height, density and flow of fuel, and monitoring/surveillance. The objectives of the ground and flight tests are to prove secure engine fuel supply for engine “two” during flight, reliable fuel gauging during flight, and the above selected functions as basis for system operability. This paper also describes the testing cases and criteria, and the main project achievements for ground and flight tests in a twin-engine helicopter.
{"title":"Ground and flight tests of an innovative fuel management system in a twin-engine helicopter","authors":"C. Insaurralde, J. Girón-Sierra, Santiago Cifuentes, J. Jiménez","doi":"10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549904","url":null,"abstract":"The concept, functional aspects, and experiments based on lab prototypes of an innovative approach for aircraft fuel management have been developed in recent years. The main approach innovation is the replacement of the conventional central fuel computer with distributed and interconnected Smart Fuel Components (SFCs). This solution lowers the wiring weight, reduce the chance of a faulty connection, and simplify maintenance. This paper presents the experimental results obtained from ground and flight tests carried out on the implementation the above approach in a twin-engine helicopter. The SFC software is deployed in the helicopter in ground to be tested. Once the results obtained from the ground test are accepted, the same SFC software is tested in flight. The ground-tested and flight-tested functions for the fuel control system are: fuel supply, display of fuel levels, fuel transfer, refueling/defueling, measurement of height, density and flow of fuel, and monitoring/surveillance. The objectives of the ground and flight tests are to prove secure engine fuel supply for engine “two” during flight, reliable fuel gauging during flight, and the above selected functions as basis for system operability. This paper also describes the testing cases and criteria, and the main project achievements for ground and flight tests in a twin-engine helicopter.","PeriodicalId":218073,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134130815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-15DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549968
L. Bousquet, E. Simeu
This paper presents an approach for high-level modeling of electromechanical systems. The proposed methodology starts from a low-level description and generate automatically the corresponding bond-graph model. The following steps consist on finding a behavioral model such as a state space representation which is enriched with the information needed to compute the energy consumption and the losses of the system. The development is done using SystemC AMS modeling environment: a particularly well suited language for high-level modeling of heterogeneous systems. The modeling of an electromechanical filter will be used as case study.
{"title":"System-level modeling of electromechanical devices with energy consumption","authors":"L. Bousquet, E. Simeu","doi":"10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549968","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an approach for high-level modeling of electromechanical systems. The proposed methodology starts from a low-level description and generate automatically the corresponding bond-graph model. The following steps consist on finding a behavioral model such as a state space representation which is enriched with the information needed to compute the energy consumption and the losses of the system. The development is done using SystemC AMS modeling environment: a particularly well suited language for high-level modeling of heterogeneous systems. The modeling of an electromechanical filter will be used as case study.","PeriodicalId":218073,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131539795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-15DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549892
B. Fortin, R. Lherbier, J. Noyer
This paper presents a detection and tracking approach of multiple vehicles in scanning laser range data. The proposed solution relies on a new detection method based on object geometric invariant that uses the raw measurements directly in polar coordinates. The multitarget management problem is solved in the PHD framework by a particle filter.
{"title":"A PHD approach for multiple vehicle tracking based on a polar detection method in laser range data","authors":"B. Fortin, R. Lherbier, J. Noyer","doi":"10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549892","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a detection and tracking approach of multiple vehicles in scanning laser range data. The proposed solution relies on a new detection method based on object geometric invariant that uses the raw measurements directly in polar coordinates. The multitarget management problem is solved in the PHD framework by a particle filter.","PeriodicalId":218073,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132871022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-15DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549964
Faisal Mokammel, E. Coatanéa, M. Bakhouya, François Christophe, Sarayut Nonsiri
Managing requirements changes of complex systems and the potential impact of such changes represents a big issue for companies. Currently, commercial modelers propose tools for analyzing the direct impact of requirements changes on system design or code but the analysis of requirement change on other requirements remains seldom studied. This paper proposes an approach for the impact analysis of changes in requirements combined with a ranking of importance of requirements in graph based requirements network. Warshall algorithm is used in this paper for performing the impact analysis. Along with this approach, PageRank algorithm is used for ranking requirements according to their importance. Requirements hierarchy and their textual description of importance are considered as input for calculating their impact as well as their importance within the network of requirements. This combination of Warshall and PageRank algorithms provide significant results for helping designers in decision-making process of modifying requirements for future design versions.
{"title":"Impact analysis of graph-based requirements models using PageRank algorithm","authors":"Faisal Mokammel, E. Coatanéa, M. Bakhouya, François Christophe, Sarayut Nonsiri","doi":"10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549964","url":null,"abstract":"Managing requirements changes of complex systems and the potential impact of such changes represents a big issue for companies. Currently, commercial modelers propose tools for analyzing the direct impact of requirements changes on system design or code but the analysis of requirement change on other requirements remains seldom studied. This paper proposes an approach for the impact analysis of changes in requirements combined with a ranking of importance of requirements in graph based requirements network. Warshall algorithm is used in this paper for performing the impact analysis. Along with this approach, PageRank algorithm is used for ranking requirements according to their importance. Requirements hierarchy and their textual description of importance are considered as input for calculating their impact as well as their importance within the network of requirements. This combination of Warshall and PageRank algorithms provide significant results for helping designers in decision-making process of modifying requirements for future design versions.","PeriodicalId":218073,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124452035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-15DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549971
A. Rusu, D. Taggart, Kevin Desmond, Hector Lopez
As technology becomes more prevalent in everyday life, the need to build highly complex systems grows. With this increase in complexity, there is also an increase in the importance of assisting the decision-making of these systems. In this paper, we propose a framework that can assist a system or even series of systems according to user-provided or computer-generated intelligence. Instances of the framework can be deployed on several different machines, possibly in parallel, with the ability to communicate to one another. The framework itself is a system of systems, made up of several modules to read, store, and analyze functionality or data of any type towards making intelligent decisions. We start by introducing the general overview of our framework, followed by a detailed description of its components, and we conclude with providing a potential improvement to a healthcare system of systems.
{"title":"Intelligent and defensive framework for decision-making systems-of-systems with applications to healthcare","authors":"A. Rusu, D. Taggart, Kevin Desmond, Hector Lopez","doi":"10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549971","url":null,"abstract":"As technology becomes more prevalent in everyday life, the need to build highly complex systems grows. With this increase in complexity, there is also an increase in the importance of assisting the decision-making of these systems. In this paper, we propose a framework that can assist a system or even series of systems according to user-provided or computer-generated intelligence. Instances of the framework can be deployed on several different machines, possibly in parallel, with the ability to communicate to one another. The framework itself is a system of systems, made up of several modules to read, store, and analyze functionality or data of any type towards making intelligent decisions. We start by introducing the general overview of our framework, followed by a detailed description of its components, and we conclude with providing a potential improvement to a healthcare system of systems.","PeriodicalId":218073,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114407259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-15DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549935
P. Barry, M. Koehler
In this paper, the authors suggest that essential coordination aspects multiparty engineering can be formally modeled with utility and game theoretic approaches. The computational complexity of evolving utility theories which change the payoff structures and consequently the “game” that the boundedly rational participants are playing along with the stochastic nature of the decisions are investigated using an agent-based model.
{"title":"Multiparty engineering is a contact sport","authors":"P. Barry, M. Koehler","doi":"10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549935","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the authors suggest that essential coordination aspects multiparty engineering can be formally modeled with utility and game theoretic approaches. The computational complexity of evolving utility theories which change the payoff structures and consequently the “game” that the boundedly rational participants are playing along with the stochastic nature of the decisions are investigated using an agent-based model.","PeriodicalId":218073,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117007600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-15DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549895
Ying-Wen Bai, Chen-Chien Cheng, Zi-Li Xie
In this paper we design and implement an embedded surveillance system by use of ultrasonic signal coding of ultrasonic sensors with multiple pyroelectric infrared sensors (PIR) to detect an intruder in a home or a storehouse. The PIR sensors are placed on the ceiling, and the ultrasonic sensor module consists of a transmitter and a receiver which are placed in a line direction; however, ultrasonic sensors with the same frequency are subject to interference by crosstalk with each other and have a high miss rate. To overcome these disadvantages of the ultrasonic sensor, our design reduces the miss rate from the environmental interference by using an ultrasonic coding signal. Both ultrasonic sensors and PIR sensors are managed by the majority voting mechanism (MVM).
{"title":"Use of ultrasonic signal coding and PIR sensors to enhance the sensing reliability of an embedded surveillance system","authors":"Ying-Wen Bai, Chen-Chien Cheng, Zi-Li Xie","doi":"10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549895","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we design and implement an embedded surveillance system by use of ultrasonic signal coding of ultrasonic sensors with multiple pyroelectric infrared sensors (PIR) to detect an intruder in a home or a storehouse. The PIR sensors are placed on the ceiling, and the ultrasonic sensor module consists of a transmitter and a receiver which are placed in a line direction; however, ultrasonic sensors with the same frequency are subject to interference by crosstalk with each other and have a high miss rate. To overcome these disadvantages of the ultrasonic sensor, our design reduces the miss rate from the environmental interference by using an ultrasonic coding signal. Both ultrasonic sensors and PIR sensors are managed by the majority voting mechanism (MVM).","PeriodicalId":218073,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117260133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-15DOI: 10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549914
Elizabeth Jones-Wyatt, J. C. Domercant, D. Mavris
The increasing complexity of net-centric systems of systems requires each system to be interoperable to achieve operational goals. Interoperability can be considered a metric of an architecture, and must be understood by decision makers as early as the conceptual design phase. Many measurements of interoperability of system pairs exist, but an architecture-level method for calculating interoperability of a system of systems is not currently available. This research presents a flexible, intuitive measure of interoperability of system pairs within a potential architecture performing a set of resource exchanges. It draws from reliability theory to incorporate system requirements and to link the interoperability of a system of systems with operational metrics of performance. This measure of interoperability could provide decision makers with information about an architecture and allow them to compare existing and potential systems of systems during the early phases of acquisition.
{"title":"A reliability-based measurement of interoperability for systems of systems","authors":"Elizabeth Jones-Wyatt, J. C. Domercant, D. Mavris","doi":"10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SysCon.2013.6549914","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing complexity of net-centric systems of systems requires each system to be interoperable to achieve operational goals. Interoperability can be considered a metric of an architecture, and must be understood by decision makers as early as the conceptual design phase. Many measurements of interoperability of system pairs exist, but an architecture-level method for calculating interoperability of a system of systems is not currently available. This research presents a flexible, intuitive measure of interoperability of system pairs within a potential architecture performing a set of resource exchanges. It draws from reliability theory to incorporate system requirements and to link the interoperability of a system of systems with operational metrics of performance. This measure of interoperability could provide decision makers with information about an architecture and allow them to compare existing and potential systems of systems during the early phases of acquisition.","PeriodicalId":218073,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon)","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117247642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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