Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-172-178
F. Akhmetzyanov, R. F. Akhmetzyanova, L. E. Ankhimova, E. S. Gorshkova, A. V. Karamanyan
The object of the study was to conduct a systematic literature review on combined modality treatment for early-stage breast cancer using postoperative and intraoperative radiation therapy, and consider new treatment approaches for early breast cancer.Material and Methods. The search for sources relevant to the review topic was carried out in the Medline, Cochrane Library, and Elibrary systems. A total of 905 studies on combination treatments for early breast cancer were identified, of which 43 were included in the review.Results. Data analysis showed that the rate of local relapses in early breast cancer was lower in patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery in combination with adjuvant radiation therapy than in patients without adjuvant radiation therapy. Research is ongoing on radiotherapy deintensification using intraoperative radiation therapy for patients at low risk of recurrence. Ongoing clinical trials support the omission of radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for elderly women with hormone receptor-positive early-stage breast cancer, who receive adjuvant endocrine therapy. Understanding the characteristics of the tumor process will allow us to personalize the treatment of patients with early breast cancer, reduce the risk of local relapses, and avoid unnecessary treatment-related complications.Conclusion. To improve survival in breast cancer patients is only possible by maximizing the tumor control. The effectiveness of adjuvant radiation therapy, which is an integral component in the combined modality treatment of early breast cancer, has been proven. However, third-generation studies discuss the feasibility of identifying a low-risk group of patients with a favorable clinical prognosis, who receive adequate endocrine therapy, and additional radiation do not provide a significant survival benefit.
{"title":"Combined modality treatment of early breast cancer. Literature review","authors":"F. Akhmetzyanov, R. F. Akhmetzyanova, L. E. Ankhimova, E. S. Gorshkova, A. V. Karamanyan","doi":"10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-172-178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-172-178","url":null,"abstract":"The object of the study was to conduct a systematic literature review on combined modality treatment for early-stage breast cancer using postoperative and intraoperative radiation therapy, and consider new treatment approaches for early breast cancer.Material and Methods. The search for sources relevant to the review topic was carried out in the Medline, Cochrane Library, and Elibrary systems. A total of 905 studies on combination treatments for early breast cancer were identified, of which 43 were included in the review.Results. Data analysis showed that the rate of local relapses in early breast cancer was lower in patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery in combination with adjuvant radiation therapy than in patients without adjuvant radiation therapy. Research is ongoing on radiotherapy deintensification using intraoperative radiation therapy for patients at low risk of recurrence. Ongoing clinical trials support the omission of radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for elderly women with hormone receptor-positive early-stage breast cancer, who receive adjuvant endocrine therapy. Understanding the characteristics of the tumor process will allow us to personalize the treatment of patients with early breast cancer, reduce the risk of local relapses, and avoid unnecessary treatment-related complications.Conclusion. To improve survival in breast cancer patients is only possible by maximizing the tumor control. The effectiveness of adjuvant radiation therapy, which is an integral component in the combined modality treatment of early breast cancer, has been proven. However, third-generation studies discuss the feasibility of identifying a low-risk group of patients with a favorable clinical prognosis, who receive adequate endocrine therapy, and additional radiation do not provide a significant survival benefit.","PeriodicalId":21881,"journal":{"name":"Siberian journal of oncology","volume":"99 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139383651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-103-110
M. Zavyalova, G. A. Kuznetsov, E. Grigoryeva, L. Tashireva, D. Pismenny, V. Perelmuter
Background. Distant hematogenous metastasis is the leading cause of tumor-related death from breast cancer. To prevent metastasis, prognostic markers for predicting the risk and location of hematogenous metastases are required. In this regard, it is of great importance to study the expression of integrins involved in the most important processes that determine the progression of cancer.The objective of the study was to investigate the association of integrin expression in tumor tissue with hematogenous metastasis of patients with breast cancer.Material and Methods. The study included 72 patients (average age – 51 ± 12 years) with stage T1–4N0–3M0–1 unspecifed invasive ductal breast carcinoma, with all molecular biological subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, HER2-positive and triple negative). The biopsy material was examined before the start of antitumor treatment. Expression of integrins in tumor cells was assessed by immunohistochemical methods. Antibodies CD61 (integrin β3, Invitrogen, USA), CD104 (integrin β4, Invitrogen, USA), CD51 (integrin αV, Invitrogen, USA) were used.Results. In patients with hematogenous metastases, cytoplasmic rather than cytoplasmic/membrane colocalization, CD61 expression was more often detected (p=0.036). Cytoplasmic and membrane colocalization of CD104 was more frequently detected in brain metastases compared to lung (p=0.026) and bone (p=0.036) metastases. Expression of CD51 integrin was more often associated with lung metastases than with bone metastases (p=0.045).Conclusion. The frequency and localization of hematogenous metastases in breast cancer patients are associated with the presence and localization of CD61, CD104 and CD51 expression in the tumor cell.
{"title":"Association of integrin expression in tumor tissue with hematogenic metastasis of breast cancer","authors":"M. Zavyalova, G. A. Kuznetsov, E. Grigoryeva, L. Tashireva, D. Pismenny, V. Perelmuter","doi":"10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-103-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-103-110","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Distant hematogenous metastasis is the leading cause of tumor-related death from breast cancer. To prevent metastasis, prognostic markers for predicting the risk and location of hematogenous metastases are required. In this regard, it is of great importance to study the expression of integrins involved in the most important processes that determine the progression of cancer.The objective of the study was to investigate the association of integrin expression in tumor tissue with hematogenous metastasis of patients with breast cancer.Material and Methods. The study included 72 patients (average age – 51 ± 12 years) with stage T1–4N0–3M0–1 unspecifed invasive ductal breast carcinoma, with all molecular biological subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, HER2-positive and triple negative). The biopsy material was examined before the start of antitumor treatment. Expression of integrins in tumor cells was assessed by immunohistochemical methods. Antibodies CD61 (integrin β3, Invitrogen, USA), CD104 (integrin β4, Invitrogen, USA), CD51 (integrin αV, Invitrogen, USA) were used.Results. In patients with hematogenous metastases, cytoplasmic rather than cytoplasmic/membrane colocalization, CD61 expression was more often detected (p=0.036). Cytoplasmic and membrane colocalization of CD104 was more frequently detected in brain metastases compared to lung (p=0.026) and bone (p=0.036) metastases. Expression of CD51 integrin was more often associated with lung metastases than with bone metastases (p=0.045).Conclusion. The frequency and localization of hematogenous metastases in breast cancer patients are associated with the presence and localization of CD61, CD104 and CD51 expression in the tumor cell.","PeriodicalId":21881,"journal":{"name":"Siberian journal of oncology","volume":"124 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139387770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-92-102
A. Autenshlyus, S. Arkhipov, E. Mikhaylova, V. Arkhipova, N. Varaksin
The aim of the study was to analyze the correlation between the cytokine profile of supernatants of invasive breast carcinoma of a nonspecific type (IBC-NST) samples, histopathological and molecular genetic parameters of IBC-NST, expression of the CD34 as a marker of angiogenesis and metastasis to regional lymph nodes (RLN).Material and Methods. The production of 14 cytokines in IBC-NST biopsy samples from 28 patients aged 37–60 years was studied. The concentration of cytokines in the supernatants of biopsies (CCSB) was determined (in pg/ml) using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). The expression of CD34 and markers of IBC-NST molecular subtypes (HER2/neu, ER, PR, Ki67) in IBC-NST biopsy samples was evaluated by immunohistochemical method. The relative content of tumor cells of different differentiation grade in the IBC- NST samples was evaluated by histopathological analysis.Results. The assessment of CCSB showed statistically significant differences in IFN-γ, G-CSF, IL-2, IL-10 and MCP-1 between patients of group I (with metastases in RLNs) and group II (without metastases in RLNs). In group I, the correlations between histopathological parameters (Her2/neu, CD34 and Ki67 expressions, % of mitoses and poorly-differentiated cancer cells) and CCSB (MCP-1, IL-18) were revealed. In group II, the correlations between CCSB (IL-2, VEGF-A, G-CSF, IL-1Ra) and histopathological parameters, such as expression of Her2/neu, CD34, PR, % of mitoses and well-differentiated cancer cells, were revealed. The ROC analysis showed that the presence or absence of metastases in RLNs can be predicted on the basis of CD34 expression levels and concentrations of IL-10, G-CSF, and MCP-1 in supernatants of IBC-NST biopsy samples. The quality of the model for stratifying patients into groups with and without RLN metastases, based on the assessment of the concentration of MCP-1 in the supernatants of IBC-NST biopsies, reached maximum values (AUC=1.000) with relatively high CD34 expression.Conclusion. The analysis of the data obtained showed that the assessment of CD34 expression and production of cytokines in IBC-NST biopsies is important for predicting the presence or absence of metastases in RLNs.
{"title":"Relationship between the cytokine profle of supernatants of invasive breast carcinoma and its molecular and histopathological characteristics","authors":"A. Autenshlyus, S. Arkhipov, E. Mikhaylova, V. Arkhipova, N. Varaksin","doi":"10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-92-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-92-102","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to analyze the correlation between the cytokine profile of supernatants of invasive breast carcinoma of a nonspecific type (IBC-NST) samples, histopathological and molecular genetic parameters of IBC-NST, expression of the CD34 as a marker of angiogenesis and metastasis to regional lymph nodes (RLN).Material and Methods. The production of 14 cytokines in IBC-NST biopsy samples from 28 patients aged 37–60 years was studied. The concentration of cytokines in the supernatants of biopsies (CCSB) was determined (in pg/ml) using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). The expression of CD34 and markers of IBC-NST molecular subtypes (HER2/neu, ER, PR, Ki67) in IBC-NST biopsy samples was evaluated by immunohistochemical method. The relative content of tumor cells of different differentiation grade in the IBC- NST samples was evaluated by histopathological analysis.Results. The assessment of CCSB showed statistically significant differences in IFN-γ, G-CSF, IL-2, IL-10 and MCP-1 between patients of group I (with metastases in RLNs) and group II (without metastases in RLNs). In group I, the correlations between histopathological parameters (Her2/neu, CD34 and Ki67 expressions, % of mitoses and poorly-differentiated cancer cells) and CCSB (MCP-1, IL-18) were revealed. In group II, the correlations between CCSB (IL-2, VEGF-A, G-CSF, IL-1Ra) and histopathological parameters, such as expression of Her2/neu, CD34, PR, % of mitoses and well-differentiated cancer cells, were revealed. The ROC analysis showed that the presence or absence of metastases in RLNs can be predicted on the basis of CD34 expression levels and concentrations of IL-10, G-CSF, and MCP-1 in supernatants of IBC-NST biopsy samples. The quality of the model for stratifying patients into groups with and without RLN metastases, based on the assessment of the concentration of MCP-1 in the supernatants of IBC-NST biopsies, reached maximum values (AUC=1.000) with relatively high CD34 expression.Conclusion. The analysis of the data obtained showed that the assessment of CD34 expression and production of cytokines in IBC-NST biopsies is important for predicting the presence or absence of metastases in RLNs.","PeriodicalId":21881,"journal":{"name":"Siberian journal of oncology","volume":"54 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139389061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-121-129
K. Amiraliyev, C. Rahimov, N. Amiraliyev, I. Farzaliyev
Introduction. Reconstruction of soft tissue defects after radical surgeries in cancer patients is important for early surgical rehabilitation and improving quality of life. Our study presents technologies for virtual surgical planning (VSP) of soft tissue defect reconstruction in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.Case presentation. We described VSP in a report of a 54-year-old patient with locally advanced buccal mucosa cancer after extensive radical resection and reported the results. VSP was used to construct a 3D model from CT images, which was used to accurately assess the margin of radical surgical resection, as well as to develop individually based reconstruction of soft tissue defects. Next, we reported a series of cases of patients with oral cancer of various locations, who, after radical surgery, underwent reconstruction with using of VSP (n=7) or conventional reconstruction (n=10). A comparative analysis of intra and postoperative results was carried out.Results. In a patient with locally advanced left buccal mucosa cancer, reconstruction of the postoperative defect was successful without local complications after reconstruction. Good functional and aesthetic results were obtained. The patient was observed for 2 years without signs of disease. A comparative assessment of the results of the main and control groups showed that patients in the VSP group had a shorter operation time and postoperative hospital stay, as well as fewer and milder postoperative local complications in comparison with the control group.Conclusion. Our results showed the effectiveness of using 3D technology in reconstructive surgery of soft tissue defects after radical surgery for oral SCC. This technology has significantly reduced operative time, hospital stay, and improved flap utilization. This method has great potential for wider application and provides greater benefits with further improvement of technology.
{"title":"Virtual surgical planning in soft tissue reconstruction for oral cancer","authors":"K. Amiraliyev, C. Rahimov, N. Amiraliyev, I. Farzaliyev","doi":"10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-121-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-121-129","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Reconstruction of soft tissue defects after radical surgeries in cancer patients is important for early surgical rehabilitation and improving quality of life. Our study presents technologies for virtual surgical planning (VSP) of soft tissue defect reconstruction in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.Case presentation. We described VSP in a report of a 54-year-old patient with locally advanced buccal mucosa cancer after extensive radical resection and reported the results. VSP was used to construct a 3D model from CT images, which was used to accurately assess the margin of radical surgical resection, as well as to develop individually based reconstruction of soft tissue defects. Next, we reported a series of cases of patients with oral cancer of various locations, who, after radical surgery, underwent reconstruction with using of VSP (n=7) or conventional reconstruction (n=10). A comparative analysis of intra and postoperative results was carried out.Results. In a patient with locally advanced left buccal mucosa cancer, reconstruction of the postoperative defect was successful without local complications after reconstruction. Good functional and aesthetic results were obtained. The patient was observed for 2 years without signs of disease. A comparative assessment of the results of the main and control groups showed that patients in the VSP group had a shorter operation time and postoperative hospital stay, as well as fewer and milder postoperative local complications in comparison with the control group.Conclusion. Our results showed the effectiveness of using 3D technology in reconstructive surgery of soft tissue defects after radical surgery for oral SCC. This technology has significantly reduced operative time, hospital stay, and improved flap utilization. This method has great potential for wider application and provides greater benefits with further improvement of technology.","PeriodicalId":21881,"journal":{"name":"Siberian journal of oncology","volume":"66 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-138-152
G. Sergeev, A. S. Gaytan, M. A. Travin, A. B. Ponomarev, M. A. Afonina, I. A. Savitskaya, F. Yakhya, A. Krivoshapkin
Introduction. Meningioma is one of the most common central nervous system tumors, accounting for 39.7 % of all primary brain tumors. The tumor originates from arachnoid meningothelial cells and is characterized by a wide range of histological types classified into 15 subtypes. The histological classification of meningiomas allows us to predict meningioma behavior and the risk of disease recurrence, as well as to define treatment strategies. However, clinical outcomes in histological subgroups of patients are often inconsistent with the histological grade of malignancy. Thus, a more reliable method is needed both to determine the histological subtype of the tumor and to predict the clinical course of the disease with the potential for targeted treatment.The purpose of the study was to summarize the available data on the effect of results of the genomic and proteomic tumor analysis on carcinogenesis with the relationship between the mutational changes and noninvasive diagnosis, treatment and the course of the disease.Material and Methods. Literature search was carried out in the PubMed, Elibrary system, publications were included mainly from 2010 to 2023. with the identification of articles by the keyword “genetic analysis of meningiomas” and synonyms. 550 articles were found, of which 55 were used to write a literature review.Conclusion. The study of the molecular genetic profile of meningiomas will improve the classification and establish a correlation with MRI data, the course of the disease and prognosis.
{"title":"Impact of molecular genetic profle of meningiomas on the clinical course and recurrence using combined modality treatment","authors":"G. Sergeev, A. S. Gaytan, M. A. Travin, A. B. Ponomarev, M. A. Afonina, I. A. Savitskaya, F. Yakhya, A. Krivoshapkin","doi":"10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-138-152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-138-152","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Meningioma is one of the most common central nervous system tumors, accounting for 39.7 % of all primary brain tumors. The tumor originates from arachnoid meningothelial cells and is characterized by a wide range of histological types classified into 15 subtypes. The histological classification of meningiomas allows us to predict meningioma behavior and the risk of disease recurrence, as well as to define treatment strategies. However, clinical outcomes in histological subgroups of patients are often inconsistent with the histological grade of malignancy. Thus, a more reliable method is needed both to determine the histological subtype of the tumor and to predict the clinical course of the disease with the potential for targeted treatment.The purpose of the study was to summarize the available data on the effect of results of the genomic and proteomic tumor analysis on carcinogenesis with the relationship between the mutational changes and noninvasive diagnosis, treatment and the course of the disease.Material and Methods. Literature search was carried out in the PubMed, Elibrary system, publications were included mainly from 2010 to 2023. with the identification of articles by the keyword “genetic analysis of meningiomas” and synonyms. 550 articles were found, of which 55 were used to write a literature review.Conclusion. The study of the molecular genetic profile of meningiomas will improve the classification and establish a correlation with MRI data, the course of the disease and prognosis.","PeriodicalId":21881,"journal":{"name":"Siberian journal of oncology","volume":"34 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139389172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-130-137
A. A. Petrova, S. Samoylova, L. V. Magomedkerimova, S. A. Parts, I. V. Reshetov
Aim of the study: to present and summarize current data on the prognostic value of E-cadherin and β-catenin markers for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, as well as to substantiate the potential benefit from implementing research results into clinical practice within the framework of a personalized approach to the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Material and Methods. We performed a literature search and review in Pubmed, Scopus, Google Scholar and RSCI databases regarding the association of the level of E-cadherin and β-catenin markers with disease prognosis, aggressiveness of tumor behavior and response to treatment.Results. Detailed information on the functions and mechanisms of E-cadherin and β-catenin proteins were presented and pathogenetic pathways involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition were described. The results of studies on the association of β-catenin and E-cadherin expression levels with the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma are collected and summarized. High expression levels of β-catenin and E-cadherin are associated with lymph node metastasis, poor prognosis and poor response to treatment.Conclusion. The expression levels of β-catenin and E-cadherin correlate with tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis, thus suggesting that β-catenin and E-cadherin can be used as potential markers of prognosis and treatment response in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Further studies are needed to evaluate the co-expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin and other squamous cell carcinoma-associated markers, their impact on prognosis and treatment response, as well as their prognostic value.
{"title":"Role of E-cadherin and β-catenin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"A. A. Petrova, S. Samoylova, L. V. Magomedkerimova, S. A. Parts, I. V. Reshetov","doi":"10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-130-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-130-137","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: to present and summarize current data on the prognostic value of E-cadherin and β-catenin markers for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, as well as to substantiate the potential benefit from implementing research results into clinical practice within the framework of a personalized approach to the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Material and Methods. We performed a literature search and review in Pubmed, Scopus, Google Scholar and RSCI databases regarding the association of the level of E-cadherin and β-catenin markers with disease prognosis, aggressiveness of tumor behavior and response to treatment.Results. Detailed information on the functions and mechanisms of E-cadherin and β-catenin proteins were presented and pathogenetic pathways involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition were described. The results of studies on the association of β-catenin and E-cadherin expression levels with the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma are collected and summarized. High expression levels of β-catenin and E-cadherin are associated with lymph node metastasis, poor prognosis and poor response to treatment.Conclusion. The expression levels of β-catenin and E-cadherin correlate with tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis, thus suggesting that β-catenin and E-cadherin can be used as potential markers of prognosis and treatment response in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Further studies are needed to evaluate the co-expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin and other squamous cell carcinoma-associated markers, their impact on prognosis and treatment response, as well as their prognostic value.","PeriodicalId":21881,"journal":{"name":"Siberian journal of oncology","volume":"124 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139387771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-74-82
D. Tikhonov, A. Egorov, M. Golubenko, A. Molokov, V. Belyavskaya, P. Gervas, N. Skryabin
Background. The Sakha (Yakutia) population, the indigenous population of Siberia living in Yakutia, has one of the lowest rates of breast cancer (BC) incidence worldwide. The low BC incidence among the indigenous population of Yakutia has been reported by several authors, but to date the reasons for this phenomenon have not been fully elucidated. It should be noted that the study of factors that reduce the risk of BC is important for its prevention. In several studies, no hereditary BC was found in the Yakuts, and no pathogenic variants of the BRCA1/2 genes associated with hereditary syndromes of breast and ovarian cancers were found. In this regard, we decided to shift the focus to studying the mitochondrial genome of Sakha BC patients using the sequencing method.The purpose of the study was to identify BC-associated mitochondrial genome variants in Sakha patients.Material and Methods. The study included 14 Sakha patients diagnosed with BC. The median age of the patients was 49 years. DNA isolation was performed using phenol-chloroform extraction. DNA libraries were prepared using the Nextera Flex kit (Illumina, USA).Whole-genome sequencing of the mitochondrial genome was performed on a MiSeq instrument (Illuminа, USA). in the Shared Use Centre of the Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The results obtained in BC patients were compared with those of control subjects.Results. In Sakha women with BC, 159 mitochondrial genome variants that differed from the human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) reference sequence (rCRS) were identified. Likely pathogenic variants m.3736G>A of the MT-ND1 gene and m.7279T>C of the MT-CO1 gene were shown to be associated with BC. For the first time, variants predisposing to BC (m.10398A>G; m.14783T>C; m.15043G>A; m.15301G>A) were identified. A distinctive feature of the mitochondrial genome of populations with a low BC incidence is a high level of mtDNA variants with changes in the length of the polycytosine region in the D310 locus.Conclusion. For the first time, mtDNA variants with changes in the length of the polycytosine tract in the D310 locus and likely pathogenic variants m.3736G>A of the MT-ND1 gene and m.7279T>C of the MT-CO1 gene were identified in Sakha BC women. The data obtained indicate that further studies on the role of the identified mtDNA variants in the development of BC using a larger sample of Sakha patients are required.
背景。萨哈（雅库特）人是居住在雅库特的西伯利亚土著居民，是全世界乳腺癌（BC）发病率最低的人群之一。雅库特原住民乳腺癌发病率低的情况已有多位学者报道，但迄今为止，造成这一现象的原因尚未完全阐明。应该指出的是，研究降低 BC 风险的因素对于预防 BC 非常重要。在多项研究中，没有发现雅库特人有遗传性 BC，也没有发现与乳腺癌和卵巢癌遗传综合征相关的 BRCA1/2 基因的致病变体。有鉴于此，我们决定将研究重点转向使用测序方法研究萨哈族 BC 患者的线粒体基因组。研究包括 14 名被确诊为 BC 的萨哈族患者。患者的中位年龄为 49 岁。DNA分离采用苯酚-氯仿提取法。线粒体基因组的全基因组测序在俄罗斯科学院托木斯克国家研究中心医学遗传学研究所共享中心的 MiSeq 仪器（Illuminа，美国）上进行。将 BC 患者的结果与对照组的结果进行了比较。结果发现，在萨哈女性 BC 患者中，有 159 个线粒体基因组变异与人类线粒体 DNA（mtDNA）参考序列（rCRS）不同。结果表明，MT-ND1 基因的 m.3736G>A 和 MT-CO1 基因的 m.7279T>C 可能与 BC 有关。首次发现了易导致 BC 的变体（m.10398A>G；m.14783T>C；m.15043G>A；m.15301G>A）。BC发病率低的人群线粒体基因组的一个显著特点是，D310位点多胞嘧啶区长度发生变化的mtDNA变异水平较高。在萨哈族 BC 妇女中首次发现了 D310 位点多胞嘧啶区长度变化的 mtDNA 变异以及 MT-ND1 基因 m.3736G>A 和 MT-CO1 基因 m.7279T>C 的可能致病变异。获得的数据表明，需要使用更多的萨哈病人样本，进一步研究已确定的 mtDNA 变异在 BC 发病中的作用。
{"title":"Variability of the mitochondrial genome in young Yakut patients with breast cancer","authors":"D. Tikhonov, A. Egorov, M. Golubenko, A. Molokov, V. Belyavskaya, P. Gervas, N. Skryabin","doi":"10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-74-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-74-82","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The Sakha (Yakutia) population, the indigenous population of Siberia living in Yakutia, has one of the lowest rates of breast cancer (BC) incidence worldwide. The low BC incidence among the indigenous population of Yakutia has been reported by several authors, but to date the reasons for this phenomenon have not been fully elucidated. It should be noted that the study of factors that reduce the risk of BC is important for its prevention. In several studies, no hereditary BC was found in the Yakuts, and no pathogenic variants of the BRCA1/2 genes associated with hereditary syndromes of breast and ovarian cancers were found. In this regard, we decided to shift the focus to studying the mitochondrial genome of Sakha BC patients using the sequencing method.The purpose of the study was to identify BC-associated mitochondrial genome variants in Sakha patients.Material and Methods. The study included 14 Sakha patients diagnosed with BC. The median age of the patients was 49 years. DNA isolation was performed using phenol-chloroform extraction. DNA libraries were prepared using the Nextera Flex kit (Illumina, USA).Whole-genome sequencing of the mitochondrial genome was performed on a MiSeq instrument (Illuminа, USA). in the Shared Use Centre of the Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The results obtained in BC patients were compared with those of control subjects.Results. In Sakha women with BC, 159 mitochondrial genome variants that differed from the human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) reference sequence (rCRS) were identified. Likely pathogenic variants m.3736G>A of the MT-ND1 gene and m.7279T>C of the MT-CO1 gene were shown to be associated with BC. For the first time, variants predisposing to BC (m.10398A>G; m.14783T>C; m.15043G>A; m.15301G>A) were identified. A distinctive feature of the mitochondrial genome of populations with a low BC incidence is a high level of mtDNA variants with changes in the length of the polycytosine region in the D310 locus.Conclusion. For the first time, mtDNA variants with changes in the length of the polycytosine tract in the D310 locus and likely pathogenic variants m.3736G>A of the MT-ND1 gene and m.7279T>C of the MT-CO1 gene were identified in Sakha BC women. The data obtained indicate that further studies on the role of the identified mtDNA variants in the development of BC using a larger sample of Sakha patients are required.","PeriodicalId":21881,"journal":{"name":"Siberian journal of oncology","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139387585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-111-120
G. Seledtsova, A. B. Dorzhieva, I. P. Ivanova, V. Seledtsov
Testicular antigens (TAGs) are normally expressed only by cells of testicular and placental tissues. Human immune system is tolerant to TAG, but if the integrity of the testicular membranes is disrupted, these antigens, entering the bloodstream, induce autoimmune reactions for eliminating them from the body. In malignancy, TAGs begin to be expressed by tumor cells of the liver, breast, pancreas, intestine, and lung. Immunological recognition of these AGs leads to autoimmune reactions against these AGs, i.e. antitumor reactions in the body. We used xenogenic TAGs derived from ram testis to increase TAG immunogenicity. The use of ram TAGs is justified by the fact that TAGs are evolutionarily conserved molecules and there is a high degree of homology between human and animal TAGs.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the lifespan of tumor-bearing mice and parameters of cellular immunity in various options for immunizing mice with ram TAGs.Material and Methods. C57BL/6 mice were used. The efficacy of therapeutic or prophylactic vaccination with xenogenic TAGs was studied by changing lifespan of B16 and LLC tumor-bearing mice. Formation of immune responses was evaluated by proliferative ability of splenocytes to respond to vaccination and control AGs and by their production of IFN-gamma and IL-10.Results. In the LLC carcinoma model with a preventive vaccination option, the lifespan of mice with syngeneic vaccination did not differ from the tumor control; the lifespan of mice with xenogeneic vaccination increased by 60%. In therapeutic vaccination option, no significant differences in lifespan of vaccinated mice were found. A significant increase in the proliferative activity of splenocytes in response to tumor AGs was found in both LLC- and B16 tumor-bearing mice previously vaccinated with xenogenic TAGs. The increased IFN-gamma production by splenocytes was observed in B16 and LLC tumorbearing mice with xenogeneic vaccination. The IFN-gamma production by splenocytes in tumor-bearing mice with syngeneic vaccination was not increased. A significant decrease in IL-10 production was noted in mice with xenogeneic vaccination.
{"title":"The use of xenogenic testicular antigens for induction of antitumor reactions","authors":"G. Seledtsova, A. B. Dorzhieva, I. P. Ivanova, V. Seledtsov","doi":"10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-111-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-111-120","url":null,"abstract":"Testicular antigens (TAGs) are normally expressed only by cells of testicular and placental tissues. Human immune system is tolerant to TAG, but if the integrity of the testicular membranes is disrupted, these antigens, entering the bloodstream, induce autoimmune reactions for eliminating them from the body. In malignancy, TAGs begin to be expressed by tumor cells of the liver, breast, pancreas, intestine, and lung. Immunological recognition of these AGs leads to autoimmune reactions against these AGs, i.e. antitumor reactions in the body. We used xenogenic TAGs derived from ram testis to increase TAG immunogenicity. The use of ram TAGs is justified by the fact that TAGs are evolutionarily conserved molecules and there is a high degree of homology between human and animal TAGs.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the lifespan of tumor-bearing mice and parameters of cellular immunity in various options for immunizing mice with ram TAGs.Material and Methods. C57BL/6 mice were used. The efficacy of therapeutic or prophylactic vaccination with xenogenic TAGs was studied by changing lifespan of B16 and LLC tumor-bearing mice. Formation of immune responses was evaluated by proliferative ability of splenocytes to respond to vaccination and control AGs and by their production of IFN-gamma and IL-10.Results. In the LLC carcinoma model with a preventive vaccination option, the lifespan of mice with syngeneic vaccination did not differ from the tumor control; the lifespan of mice with xenogeneic vaccination increased by 60%. In therapeutic vaccination option, no significant differences in lifespan of vaccinated mice were found. A significant increase in the proliferative activity of splenocytes in response to tumor AGs was found in both LLC- and B16 tumor-bearing mice previously vaccinated with xenogenic TAGs. The increased IFN-gamma production by splenocytes was observed in B16 and LLC tumorbearing mice with xenogeneic vaccination. The IFN-gamma production by splenocytes in tumor-bearing mice with syngeneic vaccination was not increased. A significant decrease in IL-10 production was noted in mice with xenogeneic vaccination.","PeriodicalId":21881,"journal":{"name":"Siberian journal of oncology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-83-91
Y. Belysheva, E. K. Bakaeva, A. Venina, A. Romanko, G. Raskin, A. Sokolenko, E. N. Suspitsin, A. A. Avetisyan, S. Orlov, E. N. Imyanitov
The aim of the study was to compare the spectra of pathogenic BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants in patients with hereditary breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) from two groups of ethnic Armenians: Yerevan and cities of southern Russia.Material and Methods. 106 BC patients from the V.A. Fanardjian National Centre of Oncology (Yerevan, Republic of Armenia) and 117 BC and OC patients of Armenian origin who were referred to the Petrov National Medical Centre of Oncology (St. Petersburg, Russia) from several cancer centers of Russia (Krasnodar, Sochi, Pyatigorsk) were included into the study. The coding sequences of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes were analyzed by the method of targeted high-throughput sequencing.Results. Pathogenic variants of BCRA1 and BCRA2 genes were detected in 16/106 (BRCA1: n=9, BRCA2: n=7; 15%) BC patients from Yerevan. The only recurrent mutation was the BRCA1 nonsense variant c.5444G>A [W1815X], accounting for 44% of all pathogenic alleles identified. In patients of Armenian origin from Russia, pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants were detected in 16/117 (14%) individuals (BRCA1: n=6, BRCA2: n=10). The proportion of samples with mutations was 13% in the group of BC patients and 19% in the group of OC patients. 75% of pathogenic alleles were represented by five recurrent mutations: BRCA1 c.2649_2650insGGCA, BRCA2 c.2808_2808_2811delACAA, BRCA1 c.4065_4068delTCAA, BRCA2 c.9027delT and BRCA2 c.8437G>T [G2813X]. The independent origin of the pathogenic BRCA2 c.2808_2808_2811delACAA variant in Armenian and non-Armenian patients was shown.Conclusion. A significant difference in the spectrum of BRCA1/2 mutations between Armenian patients from Yerevan and patients from southern regions of Russia was found. This should be taken into account when developing diagnostic programs.
{"title":"BRCA1/2 mutation spectrum in Armenian patients with breast and ovarian cancers","authors":"Y. Belysheva, E. K. Bakaeva, A. Venina, A. Romanko, G. Raskin, A. Sokolenko, E. N. Suspitsin, A. A. Avetisyan, S. Orlov, E. N. Imyanitov","doi":"10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-83-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-83-91","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to compare the spectra of pathogenic BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants in patients with hereditary breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) from two groups of ethnic Armenians: Yerevan and cities of southern Russia.Material and Methods. 106 BC patients from the V.A. Fanardjian National Centre of Oncology (Yerevan, Republic of Armenia) and 117 BC and OC patients of Armenian origin who were referred to the Petrov National Medical Centre of Oncology (St. Petersburg, Russia) from several cancer centers of Russia (Krasnodar, Sochi, Pyatigorsk) were included into the study. The coding sequences of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes were analyzed by the method of targeted high-throughput sequencing.Results. Pathogenic variants of BCRA1 and BCRA2 genes were detected in 16/106 (BRCA1: n=9, BRCA2: n=7; 15%) BC patients from Yerevan. The only recurrent mutation was the BRCA1 nonsense variant c.5444G>A [W1815X], accounting for 44% of all pathogenic alleles identified. In patients of Armenian origin from Russia, pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants were detected in 16/117 (14%) individuals (BRCA1: n=6, BRCA2: n=10). The proportion of samples with mutations was 13% in the group of BC patients and 19% in the group of OC patients. 75% of pathogenic alleles were represented by five recurrent mutations: BRCA1 c.2649_2650insGGCA, BRCA2 c.2808_2808_2811delACAA, BRCA1 c.4065_4068delTCAA, BRCA2 c.9027delT and BRCA2 c.8437G>T [G2813X]. The independent origin of the pathogenic BRCA2 c.2808_2808_2811delACAA variant in Armenian and non-Armenian patients was shown.Conclusion. A significant difference in the spectrum of BRCA1/2 mutations between Armenian patients from Yerevan and patients from southern regions of Russia was found. This should be taken into account when developing diagnostic programs.","PeriodicalId":21881,"journal":{"name":"Siberian journal of oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139389457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-64-73
I. A. Karput, V. A. Snezhitskii, M. Kurbat, V. A. Gorustovich, Yu. I. Karpovich, A. Y. Rubinskii, T. A. Smirnova, A. Babenka
Introduction. Detection of the cardiotoxic effect during chemotherapy (CT) for malignant neoplasms is one of the most important tasks of a practicing physician. Purpose: to study changes in left ventricular systolic and diastolic function using echocardiography (EchoCG) during chemotherapy with doxorubicin in patients with primary breast cancer (BC) and to identify potential markers of early cardiotoxicity (CT).Material and Methods. The study included 100 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer who were treated at the health care institution “Grodno University Clinic” (Grodno, Belarus).Results. In the study sample, a number of EchoCG parameters were measured before and after chemotherapy in 100 patients with breast cancer. Depending on the choice of the threshold level of relative reduction in global longitudinal strain (GLS) in %, different median values were recorded in the subgroups with and without CT (before and after chemotherapy). Data are presented on the difference in the relative dynamics of EchoCG indicators in % between the subgroups with CT and without CT, which shows how large the differences between the subgroups are in % after the end of chemotherapy. Against the background of the absence of statistically significant differences, trends towards an increase or decrease in indicators were recorded, which can characterize them as potential CT markers.Conclusion. We hypothesize that indexed end-systolic volume, indexed end-diastolic volume, early diastolic peak velocity of lateral mitral annulus motion may be considered as potential CT markers in the subclinical stage along with GLS; if it is impossible to measure a relative decrease in GLS, these indicators collectively may indicate the development of a CT effect at the subclinical stage. When diagnosing a relative decrease in the GLS index by less than 15 %, but by more than 10 %, we propose to consider the indexed end-systolic volume index as a marker of the early CT effect if its increase after the end of chemotherapy is recorded by 10 % or more, respectively.
{"title":"Changes in left ventricular systolic and diastolic function after chemotherapy for breast cancer with doxorubicin","authors":"I. A. Karput, V. A. Snezhitskii, M. Kurbat, V. A. Gorustovich, Yu. I. Karpovich, A. Y. Rubinskii, T. A. Smirnova, A. Babenka","doi":"10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-64-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-6-64-73","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Detection of the cardiotoxic effect during chemotherapy (CT) for malignant neoplasms is one of the most important tasks of a practicing physician. Purpose: to study changes in left ventricular systolic and diastolic function using echocardiography (EchoCG) during chemotherapy with doxorubicin in patients with primary breast cancer (BC) and to identify potential markers of early cardiotoxicity (CT).Material and Methods. The study included 100 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer who were treated at the health care institution “Grodno University Clinic” (Grodno, Belarus).Results. In the study sample, a number of EchoCG parameters were measured before and after chemotherapy in 100 patients with breast cancer. Depending on the choice of the threshold level of relative reduction in global longitudinal strain (GLS) in %, different median values were recorded in the subgroups with and without CT (before and after chemotherapy). Data are presented on the difference in the relative dynamics of EchoCG indicators in % between the subgroups with CT and without CT, which shows how large the differences between the subgroups are in % after the end of chemotherapy. Against the background of the absence of statistically significant differences, trends towards an increase or decrease in indicators were recorded, which can characterize them as potential CT markers.Conclusion. We hypothesize that indexed end-systolic volume, indexed end-diastolic volume, early diastolic peak velocity of lateral mitral annulus motion may be considered as potential CT markers in the subclinical stage along with GLS; if it is impossible to measure a relative decrease in GLS, these indicators collectively may indicate the development of a CT effect at the subclinical stage. When diagnosing a relative decrease in the GLS index by less than 15 %, but by more than 10 %, we propose to consider the indexed end-systolic volume index as a marker of the early CT effect if its increase after the end of chemotherapy is recorded by 10 % or more, respectively.","PeriodicalId":21881,"journal":{"name":"Siberian journal of oncology","volume":"93 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139390492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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