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Cancer care to the population of Russia in 2022 2022 年俄罗斯人口的癌症护理
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-5-5-13
A. O. Shakhzadova, V. Starinsky, I. V. Lisichnikova
Objective: to analyze cancer statistics in Russia as a whole, as well as in individual regions of the Russian Federation.Material and Methods. Based on data from the state medical statistics according to the form No. 7 “information on malignant neoplasms for 2022” the crude and standardized rates, standard error of crude and standardized rates, confidence intervals (ci) for 2022, and the qualitative parameters of cancer care were calculated.Results. in 2022, 624,835 new cancer cases were detected in the Russian Federation (283,179 in men and 341,656 in women), in increase of 7.6 % compared to 2021 (in 2021: 580415), and decrease of 2.4 % compared to 2019 (in 2019: 640391). in 2022, the crude incidence rate was 425.89 ± 0.54 per 100,000 population of Russia (ci: 424.83–426.95 per 100,000 population), which was 7.0 % higher than that in 2021 (in 2021 – 397.91 ± 0.54 per 100,000 population) but 2.4 % lower than in 2019 (in 2019 – 436.34 ± 0.52 per 100,000 population). the standardized incidence rate was 236.47 ± 0.32 per 100,000 population (ci: 235.84–237.10 per 100,000 population), which was 5.2 % higher compared to that observed in 2021 (in 2021 – 224.87 ± 0.32 per 100,000 population) but 5.2 % lower than in 2019 (in 2019 – 249.54 ± 0.33 per 100,000 population). the prevalence rate of cancer in 2022 was 2,742.4 per 100,000 population of Russia, an increase in the prevalence rate over 10 years was 33.9 %.Conclusion. Сancer care in the Russian Federation in 2022 was provided at the proper level. there is a positive trend in the early detection of cancer, which partly influences the reduction in the one-year mortality rate.
目的:分析整个俄罗斯以及俄罗斯联邦各个地区的癌症统计数据。根据第 7 号表格 "2022 年恶性肿瘤信息 "中的国家医疗统计数据,计算了 2022 年的粗略率和标准化率、粗略率和标准化率的标准误差、置信区间 (ci) 以及癌症治疗的质量参数。2022 年,俄罗斯联邦新发现癌症病例 624,835 例(男性 283,179 例,女性 341,656 例),与 2021 年相比增加了 7.6%(2021 年为 580415 例),与 2019 年相比减少了 2.4%(2019 年为 640391 例)。标准化发病率为每 10 万人 236.47 ± 0.32(CI:235.84-237.10/10 万人),比 2021 年(2021 年--每 10 万人 397.91 ± 0.54)上升了 5.2%。2022年,俄罗斯的癌症发病率为每10万人2742.4例,10年间发病率增长了33.9%。2022年,俄罗斯联邦的癌症治疗达到了适当的水平。癌症的早期发现呈现出积极的趋势,这在一定程度上影响了一年死亡率的降低。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of years of life lost due to premature cancer mortality in the Russian Federation 俄罗斯联邦因癌症过早死亡而损失的生命年数分析
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-5-14-27
Zh. V. Khailova, A. Kaprin, V. V. Omelyanovsky, D. N. Pustovalov, Y. Agafonova, V. O. Kusakina, S. A. Ivanov, P. Shegai
Background. Burden of disease estimation allows analyses to be carried out integrally, including cause and effect assessment. the rate of life years lost due to premature mortality is part of the burden of disease analysis. given that the burden of cancer is steadily increasing, analysis of the number of years lost makes it possible to identify new strategic directions, as well as to adjust decisions already made, in the health care of cancer patients.Purpose: to estimate the loss of life expectancy as a result of premature mortality from cancer in the population of the Russian Federation.Material and Methods. the analysis was carried out using international statistical databases for disease burden estimation, databases of the Federal state statistics service (Rosstat). to determine the target groups of priority reduction of mortality from neoplasms in the Russian Federation, an estimation of the lost years of life expectancy as a result of premature mortality in the form of the e† (e-dagger) indicator was carried out. the analyzed period of the study was 2010–2019.Results. the Russian Federation is characterized by the smallest share of losses from cancer in the structure of losses from all causes of death compared to the analyzed countries (Japan, France, germany, latvia, lithuania, estonia). However, the share of losses has been intensively increasing for 10 years (in 2010 – 14.79 %, in 2019 – 17.54 %). in comparison with the analyzed countries, Russia is more characterised by losses from cancer at a younger age, with the highest value of life years lost in the age group 60–64 years. the age-standardized number of years lost in men in Russia is 67.1 % higher than in women. in the age group from 25 to 49 years of age, the loss of life expectancy due to cancer in women is higher and accounts for 0.4 years (or 19 %) of all losses, which is not typical of other age groups in which losses in men prevail. A significant regional differentiation of mortality in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation has been revealed, which is also reflected in the number of years lost.Conclusion. the potential of preventive strategies in the Russian Federation has not been fully realized – the loss of life years in young and middle age requires the correction of measures to improve preventive services and oncological care. the revealed regional differentiation allows us to identify regions with high losses for priority solutions.
背景。对疾病负担的估算可以进行综合分析,包括原因和影响评估。由于过早死亡而损失的寿命年数是疾病负担分析的一部分。鉴于癌症的负担正在稳步增加,对损失的寿命年数进行分析可以确定新的战略方向,并调整癌症患者医疗保健方面已经做出的决定。为确定俄罗斯联邦优先降低肿瘤死亡率的目标群体,采用 e†(e-匕首)指标对过早死亡造成的预期寿命损失进行了估算。与分析的国家(日本、法国、德国、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、爱沙尼亚)相比,俄罗斯联邦的特点是癌症造成的损失在所有死亡原因造成的损失结构中所占比例最小。与所分析的国家相比,俄罗斯因癌症死亡的年龄更小,60-64 岁年龄组的生命损失年数最高。在 25 至 49 岁年龄组中,女性因癌症导致的预期寿命损失较高,占所有损失的 0.4 年(或 19%),这与其他以男性损失为主的年龄组不同。结论:俄罗斯联邦预防性战略的潜力尚未得到充分发挥--中青年寿命的损失需要采取措施予以纠正,以改善预防服务和肿瘤治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Interferon-γ and tumor growth 干扰素γ与肿瘤生长
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-4-118-127
A. L. Ilyushin, I. V. Bogdashin, A. Z. Aleksanyan, V. V. Novikov, L. A. Ashrafyan
Purpose of the study : to analyze published data on the mechanisms of action of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in tumor growth and to evaluate the possibility of its use in the treatment of solid tumors. Material and Methods . More than 200 publications were found in the Scopus, Pubmed, eLibrary and other databases, the search keywords were: interferon gamma, tumor growth, cancer therapy. This review includes 54 papers. Results . IFN-γ is a pleiotropic cytokine with antiviral, antitumor, and immunomodulatory functions and plays an important role in coordinating the innate and adaptive immune response. The success of immuno-oncology drugs and chemotherapy in the treatment of malignant tumors depends on the stimulation of the production and adequate signaling of IFN-γ. Suppression and loss of IFN-γ receptor and downstream signaling mediators, and amplifcation of molecules that inhibit the IFN-γ signaling pathway are common mechanisms for tumor cells to escape from the immune system. The development of malignant processes is accompanied by a change, more often a decrease, in the secretion of IFN-γ, which attracts the attention of researchers to its exogenous administration. Determination of the IFN-γ signature may be a predictive marker of clinical response to anticancer drug therapy. The antitumor properties of IFN-γ are largely dose-dependent, which has been clearly shown in clinical and experimental studies. Low doses of the drug often promote tumor growth. On the contrary, the use of high doses is usually accompanied by an antitumor effect. IFN-γ or its inducers remain promising agents for cancer therapy. Combinatorial strategies involving IFN-γ may be a rational option to overcome tumor resistance to blockade of immune checkpoints. Conclusion . It is necessary to continue fundamental and applied research to study the feasibility of using interferon gamma as a therapeutic agent in tumor growth.
本研究的目的:分析干扰素γ (IFN-γ)在肿瘤生长中的作用机制,并评估其在实体瘤治疗中的应用可能性。材料和方法。在Scopus、Pubmed、eLibrary等数据库中检索到200余篇文献,检索关键词为:干扰素γ、肿瘤生长、癌症治疗。本文综述了54篇论文。结果。IFN-γ是一种具有抗病毒、抗肿瘤和免疫调节功能的多效细胞因子,在协调先天和适应性免疫应答中起重要作用。免疫肿瘤药物和化疗在恶性肿瘤治疗中的成功依赖于刺激IFN-γ的产生和充分的信号传导。IFN-γ受体和下游信号介质的抑制和丢失,以及抑制IFN-γ信号通路的分子的扩增是肿瘤细胞逃离免疫系统的常见机制。恶性过程的发展伴随着IFN-γ分泌的变化,更经常是减少,这引起了研究人员对其外源性给药的关注。IFN-γ信号的测定可能是临床对抗癌药物治疗反应的预测指标。IFN-γ的抗肿瘤特性在很大程度上是剂量依赖性的,这已经在临床和实验研究中得到了清楚的证明。低剂量的药物通常会促进肿瘤生长。相反,使用高剂量通常伴随着抗肿瘤作用。IFN-γ或其诱导剂仍然是癌症治疗的有希望的药物。涉及IFN-γ的组合策略可能是克服肿瘤对免疫检查点封锁的抗性的合理选择。结论。研究干扰素γ作为肿瘤生长治疗药物的可行性,有必要继续进行基础研究和应用研究。
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引用次数: 0
A clinical case of extragastrointestinal tumor in combination with testicular feminization syndrome (Morris syndrome) 胃肠外肿瘤合并睾丸女性化综合征1例
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-4-142-148
Z. A. Sidakova, A. A. Baranova, A. N. Gritsai, G. D. Efremov, L. N. Lyubchenko
Background . According to literature data, errors in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumors (GIST) are uncommon, accounting for approximately 6% of cases that results in treatment failure. Case report . Here, we describe a rare case of a 58-year-old female patient with extragastrointestinal stromal tumor (EGIST) in the evidence of testicular feminisation syndrome (TFS) – Morris syndrome. This hereditary pathology is associated with complete insensitivity of target organs to androgens and was described in 1953 by the American gynaecologist John Morris. The patient was referred to the cancer clinic, where she was wrongly diagnosed with uterine leiomyoma. Interdisciplinary approach, cancer alarm, active surgical tactics, additional immunohistochemical (IHC) and molecular genetic studies (MGI) allowed verifcation of the true diagnosis. There are reported cases of EGIST of the bladder, prostate, retroperitoneum, mesentery, omentum, and posterior mediastinum. However, we were not able to fnd publications regarding the cases of EGIST originating from the vaginal wall. Combination of TFS and EGIST is a unique case in our clinical practice. Conclusion . The study of rare cases expands the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of malignancies. Patients with rare types of malignant tumors should be obligatorily examined and treated in specialized cancer clinics with involvement of certifed oncologists, surgeons, chemotherapists, geneticists.
背景。根据文献资料,胃肠道肿瘤(GIST)的诊断错误并不常见,约占导致治疗失败病例的6%。病例报告。在此,我们报告一例罕见的58岁女性胃肠外基质瘤(EGIST)患者,其表现为睾丸女性化综合征(TFS) -莫里斯综合征。这种遗传病理与靶器官对雄激素完全不敏感有关,1953年由美国妇科医生约翰·莫里斯(John Morris)描述。病人被转介到癌症诊所,在那里她被误诊为子宫平滑肌瘤。跨学科的方法,癌症警报,积极的手术策略,额外的免疫组织化学(IHC)和分子遗传学研究(MGI)允许验证真实的诊断。有膀胱、前列腺、腹膜后、肠系膜、大网膜和后纵隔的EGIST病例报道。然而,我们没有找到关于EGIST起源于阴道壁病例的出版物。TFS与EGIST联合应用是我们临床实践中比较独特的案例。结论。对罕见病例的研究扩大了对恶性肿瘤分子发病机制的认识。罕见类型的恶性肿瘤患者应该在专业的癌症诊所接受强制性的检查和治疗,有资格的肿瘤学家、外科医生、化学治疗师、遗传学家的参与。
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引用次数: 0
Thyroid metastasis from nasopharyngeal cancer: a case report 鼻咽癌甲状腺转移1例
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-4-149-153
D. M. Fatkullin, A. O. Guz, A. V. Garev, A. S. Zakharov, M. I. Sokolova, I. G. Shesler, K. S. Aristarkhova
Background . Nasopharyngeal cancer is a rare head and neck cancer with a relatively high risk of locoregional recurrence and distant metastases. The most common sites of metastases are bones (70–80 %) followed by liver (30 %), lung (18 %), and lymph node (axillary, mediastinal, pelvic, and inguinal). Thyroid gland is an uncommon site of metastasis with an incidence ranging from 0.5% to 24 %. Thyroid metastasis from nasopharyngeal cancer has been reported in only 9 cases in the world literature and no one in Russia. Case report . We report a case of thyroid metastasis from nasopharyngeal cancer found incidentally in a 53-year-old female patient. Conclusion . Metastases to the thyroid gland are rare, and patients with metastatic thyroid disease rarely present with organ-specifc symptoms, thus raising diagnostic diffculties for both clinicians and the pathologists. This clinical report demonstrates the diffculties of differential diagnosis,as well as the importance of a thorough collection of complaints, anamnesis, and clinical examination.
背景。鼻咽癌是一种罕见的头颈部肿瘤,具有较高的局部复发和远处转移风险。最常见的转移部位是骨骼(70 - 80%),其次是肝脏(30%)、肺(18%)和淋巴结(腋窝、纵隔、盆腔和腹股沟)。甲状腺是一个不常见的转移部位,发生率为0.5%至24%。国际文献报道鼻咽癌甲状腺转移仅9例,俄罗斯未报道一例。病例报告。我们报告一个53岁女性鼻咽癌甲状腺转移的病例。结论。转移到甲状腺是罕见的,转移性甲状腺疾病的患者很少表现出器官特异性症状,因此增加了临床医生和病理学家的诊断困难。本临床报告表明鉴别诊断的困难,以及全面收集主诉、记忆和临床检查的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of metastatic renal cancer 免疫检查点抑制剂在转移性肾癌治疗中的耐药性
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-4-109-117
A. A. Izmailov, R. R. Rakhimov, A. V. Sultanbayev, K. V. Menshikov, I. R. Gilyazova, V. M. Zabelin, A. A. Izmailov
Over the past 5 years, checkpoint inhibitors including anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 blockers have changed approaches to therapy of metastatic renal cell cancer. However, more than 55 % of patients with advanced kidney cancer remain resistant to immunotherapy. This paper refects the causes that lead to primary and acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors during the treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer. The purpose of the study was to elucidate the mechanisms underlying resistance to checkpoint inhibitors during the treatment of metastatic kidney cancer. Material and Methods . A literature search was conducted using Pubmed database in the time interval between 2010 and 2023. We identifed 286 publications of which 59 were relevant for our review. Results . There are many factors that contribute to primary or acquired resistance to immunotherapy, including factors associated with the tumor cell as well as tumor microenvironment factors. Conclusion . Many innovative approaches to overcoming resistance to monoclonal antibodies are being investigated in clinical trials. In connection with the advent of new methods, the cellular composition of the tumor microenvironment and its role in the emergence of tumor resistance to immunotherapy are becoming increasingly clear. New biomarkers are emerging to help identify the best candidates for immunotherapy in metastatic kidney cancer. However, they require further study.
在过去的5年中,检查点抑制剂(包括抗ctla -4和抗pd -1/PD-L1阻滞剂)已经改变了转移性肾细胞癌的治疗方法。然而,超过55%的晚期肾癌患者对免疫治疗仍然有耐药性。本文反映了转移性肾细胞癌治疗过程中导致免疫检查点抑制剂原发性和获得性耐药的原因。该研究的目的是阐明转移性肾癌治疗过程中对检查点抑制剂耐药的机制。材料和方法。利用Pubmed数据库检索2010 - 2023年的文献。我们确定了286篇出版物,其中59篇与我们的综述相关。结果。有许多因素导致对免疫治疗的原发性或获得性耐药,包括与肿瘤细胞相关的因素以及肿瘤微环境因素。结论。许多克服单克隆抗体耐药性的创新方法正在临床试验中进行研究。随着新方法的出现,肿瘤微环境的细胞组成及其在肿瘤免疫治疗耐药性出现中的作用越来越清楚。新的生物标志物正在出现,以帮助确定转移性肾癌免疫治疗的最佳候选人。然而,它们需要进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Features of aminothiol metabolism and progression of breast cancer 氨基硫醇代谢与乳腺癌进展的特征
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-4-128-134
A. V. Markovsky
Background . Imbalance of aminothiol metabolism is a potential risk factor for malignant transformation of cells and caner development, including breast cancer, which is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world. The purpose of the study was to summarize the available data on the characteristics of thiol metabolism as one of the factors contributing to the progression of breast cancer. Material and Methods . Data were searched from 1999 to 2022 using the Web of Science, Scopus, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, PubMed databases, which made it possible to assess the role of thiol-dependent metabolic disturbances in the regulation of tissue redox balance in breast cancer genesis. Results . The review considers the results of both our own data and international studies on breast cancer, which suggest that an imbalance of thiol compounds necessary to maintain a moderately reducing cellular environment that counteracts oxidative stress during cellular metabolism and detoxifcation under conditions of tumor progression can provoke reprogramming of the leading links of antiblastoma resistance, contributing to cancer progression. Conclusion . A more detailed study of the mechanisms of aminothiol metabolism in breast cancer emphasizes their particular importance for stabilizing the cellular genome and providing antitoxic protection of the cell, as well as understanding the important role of thiols as a coordination center in redox signaling. Disturbances at any stage of thiol metabolism can play an etiological role in oncogenetic pathologies, while the role of thiols as signaling molecules and the regulation of their metabolism should not be generalized for the entire group of diseases. Determination of serum markers of the redox state in patients with breast cancer, especially during antitumor therapy, can serve for an objective assessment of the effectiveness of treatment and the adaptive capabilities of the body, as well as predicting tumor growth and optimizing the program for screening and preventing cancer.
背景。氨基硫醇代谢失衡是细胞恶性转化和癌症发展的潜在危险因素,包括乳腺癌,这是世界上最常见的癌症。该研究的目的是总结硫醇代谢特征作为乳腺癌进展因素之一的现有数据。材料和方法。从1999年到2022年,使用Web of Science, Scopus, MedLine, the Cochrane Library, PubMed数据库检索数据,这使得评估硫醇依赖性代谢紊乱在乳腺癌发生中组织氧化还原平衡调节中的作用成为可能。结果。这篇综述考虑了我们自己的数据和国际上对乳腺癌的研究结果,这些结果表明,在肿瘤进展的条件下,维持适度减少的细胞环境(在细胞代谢和解毒过程中抵消氧化应激)所必需的硫醇化合物的不平衡可以引发抗母细胞瘤耐药性的主要环节的重编程,从而促进癌症的进展。结论。对乳腺癌中氨基硫醇代谢机制的更详细研究强调了它们在稳定细胞基因组和提供细胞抗毒性保护方面的特殊重要性,以及硫醇作为氧化还原信号传导协调中心的重要作用。巯基代谢任何阶段的紊乱都可能在肿瘤发生病理中起病因学作用,而巯基作为信号分子及其代谢调节的作用不应推广到整个疾病组。检测乳腺癌患者氧化还原状态的血清标志物,特别是在抗肿瘤治疗期间,可以客观评估治疗效果和机体的适应能力,预测肿瘤生长,优化癌症筛查和预防方案。
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引用次数: 0
Treatment of cervical esophageal carcinoma: systematic review and meta-analysis 宫颈食管癌的治疗:系统回顾和荟萃分析
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-4-101-108
D. A. Chichevatov, O. M. Seliverstova, S. P. Dmitriev
Objectives . Up to date managing a cervical esophageal carcinoma (CEC) has remained a controversial challenge. The choice of treatment is still uncertain. In the present review we attempted to assess eligibility of surgery in treatment of CEC. Material and Methods . We have enquired particular publication databases and the enquiries yielded 24 contributions matching study selection criteria such as (1) original articles published from 2000 to 2022, (2) primary tumor localization in the cervical esophagus, (3) squamous cell carcinoma, (4) available characteristics of studied groups (age, sex, T, N, M, stage), (5) detailed description of curative procedures (radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surgery), (6) information about overall survival. These publications represented two arms of 14 surgical and 17 non-surgical subgroups to analyze. Individual patient data and parameter estimates have been renewed on the basis of original Kaplan‒Meier curves plotted. Results . The analysis revealed a highly heterogeneous (I2 =83.76 %; 95 % CI, 71.40–92.16) random effects model. Including a surgical option into treatment of CEC did not affect 3-year overall survival (р=0.665); 46.4 % (95 % CI, 37.4–55.6) vs 43.7 % (95 % CI, 35.3–51.6), respectively. Possibilities of surgical and non-surgical modalities employment were discussed. Conclusion . In treatment of CEC CRT and surgery are non-inferior to each other. These modalities are evenly associated with posterior side effects and complications, which adversely affect functional outcomes and survival. The choice of a treatment mode may depend on tumor response to induction therapy. The latter demands further investigations.
目标。迄今为止,宫颈食管癌(CEC)的治疗仍然是一个有争议的挑战。治疗的选择仍不确定。在本综述中,我们试图评估手术治疗CEC的合格性。材料和方法。我们查询了特定的出版物数据库,得到了24篇符合研究选择标准的文章,如:(1)2000年至2022年发表的原始文章,(2)原发性肿瘤定位于颈部食道,(3)鳞状细胞癌,(4)研究群体的可用特征(年龄、性别、T、N、M、分期),(5)治疗方法的详细描述(放疗、化疗、手术),(6)总体生存信息。这些出版物代表14个手术亚组和17个非手术亚组两组进行分析。在原始Kaplan-Meier曲线的基础上更新了个体患者数据和参数估计。结果。分析结果显示,两组间存在高度异质性(I2 = 83.76%;95% CI, 71.40-92.16)随机效应模型。在CEC治疗中纳入手术选择不影响3年总生存率(χ =0.665);46.4% (95% CI, 37.4-55.6) vs 43.7% (95% CI, 35.3-51.6)。讨论了手术和非手术方式的可能性。结论。在CEC的治疗中,CRT与手术不相上下。这些模式均与后路副作用和并发症相关,对功能结局和生存产生不利影响。治疗方式的选择可能取决于肿瘤对诱导治疗的反应。后者需要进一步调查。
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引用次数: 0
A case report of long-term successful use of maintenance therapy with PARP inhibitors in the primary treatment of advanced brca-associated ovarian cancer 一个长期成功使用PARP抑制剂维持治疗晚期brca相关卵巢癌的病例报告
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-4-135-141
О. N. Churuksaeva, L. А. Kolomiets, А. B. Villert
Background . Ovarian cancer is the third most common cancer of the female reproductive system after cervical and uterine cancer and is diagnosed at stage III–IV in 2 out of 3 cases. Maintenance therapy with PARP inhibitors signifcantly prolongs disease-free and overall survival. The purpose of the study was to demonstrate long-term remission in a patient with advanced ovarian cancer using maintenance therapy with PARP inhibitors (olaparib). Description of the clinical case . A 54-year-old female patient with verifed stage IV ovarian cancer, peritoneal carcinomatosis and left-sided pleurisy received combined modality treatment, including 2 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel/carboplatin, cytoreductive surgery and 6 courses of postoperative chemotherapy with docetaxel/cisplatin. The patient was diagnosed with a somatic BRCA2 gene mutation (c.3708delA), which was detected by tumor DNA sequencing. The patient received maintenance therapy with olaparib for 38 months, resulting in no evidence of disease progression. Conclusion . This clinical case demonstrates the feasibility of using maintenance therapy with PARP inhibitors in a patient with initially disseminated platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. Olaparib maintenance therapy provides stable long-term remission with no signs of adverse events and determined effect on quality of life of the patient.
背景。卵巢癌是女性生殖系统的第三大常见癌症,仅次于子宫颈癌和子宫癌,三分之二的病例在III-IV期被诊断出来。PARP抑制剂维持治疗可显著延长无病生存期和总生存期。该研究的目的是证明使用PARP抑制剂(奥拉帕尼)维持治疗的晚期卵巢癌患者的长期缓解。临床病例描述。54岁女性,确诊为IV期卵巢癌、腹膜癌、左侧胸膜炎患者,接受联合治疗,包括2个疗程紫杉醇/卡铂新辅助化疗、细胞减少术和6个疗程术后多西紫杉醇/顺铂化疗。患者被诊断为体细胞BRCA2基因突变(c.3708delA),通过肿瘤DNA测序检测。患者接受奥拉帕尼维持治疗38个月,无疾病进展迹象。结论。本临床病例证明了PARP抑制剂在原发性弥散性铂敏感卵巢癌患者中应用维持治疗的可行性。奥拉帕尼维持治疗提供稳定的长期缓解,无不良事件迹象,对患者生活质量的影响确定。
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引用次数: 0
Sclerosing mucoepidermoid thyroid carcinoma combined with autoimmune thyroiditis 硬化性黏液表皮样甲状腺癌合并自身免疫性甲状腺炎
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.21294/1814-4861-2023-22-4-154-158
E. V. Ryabchenko
Background . Sclerosing mucoepidermoid thyroid carcinoma (SMTC) is a recently recognized malignant neoplasm of the thyroid. SMTC was frst reported in 1991. It arises in a background of Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). There are two variants of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of thyroid gland: the conventional and sclerosing variants. SMTC has recently been recognized as a separate disease entity by World Health Organization (WHO). Description of the clinical case . We present the case of a 51-year-old woman with a 2-year history of autoimmune thyroiditis with a thyroid nodule. The patient had no symptoms or signs of compression. The level of thyroid–stimulating hormone (TSH) was 15.8 (range 0.4-4.0), antibodies to peroxidase: 150 Iu/ml. Scintigraphy of the thyroid gland revealed a dominant cold nodule (1.5×2 cm) in the right lobe of the gland. The control ultrasound examination showed negative fndings. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the nodule revealed follicular lesion in a background of TH. Extrafascial thyroidectomy was performed. The patient was followed up for 10 months.
背景。硬化性黏液表皮样甲状腺癌(SMTC)是近年来发现的甲状腺恶性肿瘤。1991年首次报道了SMTC。它起源于桥本甲状腺炎(HT)的背景。甲状腺黏液表皮样癌有两种类型:常规型和硬化型。最近,SMTC被世界卫生组织(卫生组织)确认为一个单独的疾病实体。临床病例描述。我们提出的情况下,51岁的妇女2年历史的自身免疫性甲状腺炎甲状腺结节。患者无压迫症状或体征。促甲状腺激素(TSH) 15.8(范围0.4 ~ 4.0),过氧化物酶抗体150 Iu/ml。甲状腺显像示一显性冷结节(1.5×2 cm),位于甲状腺右叶。对照超声检查结果为阴性。结节的细针穿刺细胞学检查显示TH背景下的滤泡性病变。行筋膜外甲状腺切除术。随访10个月。
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Siberian journal of oncology
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