Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60183
Nitesh Kumar Yadav, Chd Study Group
INTRODUCTION: The health status of a country depends on the socio-economic status of the country’s people, their level of education, access to health services and so on. Therefore, this study aims to define existing problems in the community, identification of local resources (manpower, money, and material) of the community, identification of the basic health needs and problems of the community, set priorities of health needs for community health action, implementing and evaluating health action by and for the community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We, the students of the 15th Batch of the MBBS program at Janaki Medical College (Tribhuvan University) did a comprehensive Community Health Diagnosis (CHD) from 16th February 2021 to 25th March 2021 in Loharpatti Municipality, Ward No-03 of Mahottari District. Primary and secondary data were collected for the study. Two hundred forty six households and their members were selected by simple random sampling method. RESULTS: About 90% of participants went to health centres and health post for the treatment during illness. Our observation showed that 82% of households maintained appropriate environmental cleanliness around the house. About 74% of the remaining 26% used temporary methods and the most commonly used method was IUD by females. By analyzing the finding and discussing with the community leaders and the people real needs were identified and prioritized based on available resources. The prioritized needs were: KAP on child marriage and dowry system. CONCLUSIONS: Loharpatti municipality was a rural settlement with low education status and had little idea about the consequences of early child marriage. The practice of child marriage has historical roots in the municipality. Therefore, prioritizing economic empowerment programs can help reduce socioeconomic constraints; conversely, working with religious and community leaders is essential to promoting change and encouraging discourse.
{"title":"Assessing the Health Status of Loharpatti Municipality, Madhesh Province, Nepal: A Community Health Diagnosis Need Assessment Survey","authors":"Nitesh Kumar Yadav, Chd Study Group","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60183","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The health status of a country depends on the socio-economic status of the country’s people, their level of education, access to health services and so on. Therefore, this study aims to define existing problems in the community, identification of local resources (manpower, money, and material) of the community, identification of the basic health needs and problems of the community, set priorities of health needs for community health action, implementing and evaluating health action by and for the community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We, the students of the 15th Batch of the MBBS program at Janaki Medical College (Tribhuvan University) did a comprehensive Community Health Diagnosis (CHD) from 16th February 2021 to 25th March 2021 in Loharpatti Municipality, Ward No-03 of Mahottari District. Primary and secondary data were collected for the study. Two hundred forty six households and their members were selected by simple random sampling method. RESULTS: About 90% of participants went to health centres and health post for the treatment during illness. Our observation showed that 82% of households maintained appropriate environmental cleanliness around the house. About 74% of the remaining 26% used temporary methods and the most commonly used method was IUD by females. By analyzing the finding and discussing with the community leaders and the people real needs were identified and prioritized based on available resources. The prioritized needs were: KAP on child marriage and dowry system. CONCLUSIONS: Loharpatti municipality was a rural settlement with low education status and had little idea about the consequences of early child marriage. The practice of child marriage has historical roots in the municipality. Therefore, prioritizing economic empowerment programs can help reduce socioeconomic constraints; conversely, working with religious and community leaders is essential to promoting change and encouraging discourse.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139366729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.59939
Jwolan Khadka, Manisha Nepal, Bhawana Adhikari, Puja Lamichhane, D. Kunwar
INTRODUCTION: Pain management after root canal treatment is a very important issue in clinical practice. Occlusal reduction has been widely used after root canal treatment to reduce post treatment pain and flare up. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of occlusal reduction on postoperative pain in teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy mandibular molar teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis requiring root canal treatment were included in this study. Each patient who met the inclusion criteria had a serial number allocated, ranging from 1 to 70. The patients were divided into two groups i.e, occlusal reduction group and without occlusal reduction group according to the odd and even numbers on the list. After administration of local anesthesia, the root canals were instrumented, and an intracanal calcium hydroxide dressing was placed. Following confirmation with articulating paper, occlusal reduction group received a 2 mm reduction in occlusal contacts. Preoperative pain before start of the procedure and postoperative pain 6 days after instrumentation were recorded on visual analogue scale. Data was evaluated by chi-square test and Man Whitney U test with p-value <0.05 considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in postoperative pain between two groups (p>0.05) after root canal preparation. CONCLUSIONS: Occlusal surface reduction did not provide any further reduction in postoperative pain for teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis compared with no occlusal reduction
{"title":"Effect of Occlusal Reduction on Postoperative Pain during Root Canal Treatment in Teeth with Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis","authors":"Jwolan Khadka, Manisha Nepal, Bhawana Adhikari, Puja Lamichhane, D. Kunwar","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.59939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.59939","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Pain management after root canal treatment is a very important issue in clinical practice. Occlusal reduction has been widely used after root canal treatment to reduce post treatment pain and flare up. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of occlusal reduction on postoperative pain in teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy mandibular molar teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis requiring root canal treatment were included in this study. Each patient who met the inclusion criteria had a serial number allocated, ranging from 1 to 70. The patients were divided into two groups i.e, occlusal reduction group and without occlusal reduction group according to the odd and even numbers on the list. After administration of local anesthesia, the root canals were instrumented, and an intracanal calcium hydroxide dressing was placed. Following confirmation with articulating paper, occlusal reduction group received a 2 mm reduction in occlusal contacts. Preoperative pain before start of the procedure and postoperative pain 6 days after instrumentation were recorded on visual analogue scale. Data was evaluated by chi-square test and Man Whitney U test with p-value <0.05 considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in postoperative pain between two groups (p>0.05) after root canal preparation. CONCLUSIONS: Occlusal surface reduction did not provide any further reduction in postoperative pain for teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis compared with no occlusal reduction","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139367424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60170
Rajan Paudel
Iodine deficiency disorder is still a major global public health issue, especially in areas with limited access to iodine-rich food sources. Nepal, a landlocked country in South Asia, has made significant progress in alleviating iodine deficiency disorders by implementing salt iodization initiatives. Maintaining continued success in the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders, it is necessary to revaluate current iodization requirements as the country develops. This paper examines Nepal's present situation with regard to salt iodization, emphasizing the opportunities and challenges of reviewing salt iodization standards.
{"title":"Revisiting Salt Iodization Standards in Nepal: Opportunity and Challenge","authors":"Rajan Paudel","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60170","url":null,"abstract":"Iodine deficiency disorder is still a major global public health issue, especially in areas with limited access to iodine-rich food sources. Nepal, a landlocked country in South Asia, has made significant progress in alleviating iodine deficiency disorders by implementing salt iodization initiatives. Maintaining continued success in the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders, it is necessary to revaluate current iodization requirements as the country develops. This paper examines Nepal's present situation with regard to salt iodization, emphasizing the opportunities and challenges of reviewing salt iodization standards.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139367484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60168
K. Jha, Laxmi Rao
INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to compare well-fixed smear and air-dried smear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted in Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India, from paired cervical smears made from 200 women, who attended OPD of Obstetrics and Gynecology during a period of 3 months from November 2010 to January 2011. Routine smears were fixed immediately in 95% of ethanol and stained by Pap stain. Air-dried smears were rehydrated by immersing the slides in normal saline for 30 seconds, fixed in 95% of ethanol and stained by Pap stain. All slides were examined and assessed for various cytological parameters by the pathologist. Bethesda system was followed for reporting the cytology smears. RESULTS: Among the 200 paired smears 199 were negative for epithelial lesion or malignancy. One case (0.5%) had epithelial abnormality in both wet-fixed (WF) and air-dried (AD) smears. However the AD smears showed more number of abnormal cells and cells were of higher grade than the WF smear. Detection rate of Candida was similar (12.5%) in both AD and WF smears. Identification of Trichomonas was also similar (1.5%) in both types of smears. Candida could be more easily identified in AD smears as compared to WF probably because AD had a clearer background. CONCLUSIONS: In air-dried smears, individual cells are clearly seen. The cellular and nuclear size is comparable to tissue sections.
导言：宫颈癌是导致癌症相关死亡的主要原因，尤其是在发展中国家。本研究旨在比较固定涂片和风干涂片。材料与方法：这项前瞻性研究在印度马尼帕尔的卡斯特尔巴医学院（Kasturba Medical College, Manipal）进行，研究对象是在 2010 年 11 月至 2011 年 1 月的 3 个月期间到妇产科门诊就诊的 200 名妇女的成对宫颈涂片。常规涂片在 95% 的乙醇中立即固定，并用巴氏染色法染色。风干的涂片在生理盐水中浸泡30秒后重新水化，然后用95%的乙醇固定并用巴氏染色法染色。病理学家对所有切片进行检查并评估各种细胞学参数。细胞学涂片报告遵循贝塞斯达系统。结果：200 份配对涂片中有 199 份上皮病变或恶性肿瘤呈阴性。一个病例（0.5%）的湿固定（WF）和风干（AD）涂片均显示上皮异常。不过，与湿固定涂片相比，风干涂片显示出更多的异常细胞，而且细胞的等级更高。在 AD 涂片和 WF 涂片中，念珠菌的检出率相似（12.5%）。两种涂片中滴虫的鉴定率也相似（1.5%）。AD 涂片比 WF 涂片更容易识别念珠菌，这可能是因为 AD 涂片的背景更清晰。结论：在风干涂片中，单个细胞清晰可见。细胞和核的大小与组织切片相当。
{"title":"Cytomorphological Comparison between Well-fixed Smear and Air-dried Smear","authors":"K. Jha, Laxmi Rao","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60168","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to compare well-fixed smear and air-dried smear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted in Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India, from paired cervical smears made from 200 women, who attended OPD of Obstetrics and Gynecology during a period of 3 months from November 2010 to January 2011. Routine smears were fixed immediately in 95% of ethanol and stained by Pap stain. Air-dried smears were rehydrated by immersing the slides in normal saline for 30 seconds, fixed in 95% of ethanol and stained by Pap stain. All slides were examined and assessed for various cytological parameters by the pathologist. Bethesda system was followed for reporting the cytology smears. RESULTS: Among the 200 paired smears 199 were negative for epithelial lesion or malignancy. One case (0.5%) had epithelial abnormality in both wet-fixed (WF) and air-dried (AD) smears. However the AD smears showed more number of abnormal cells and cells were of higher grade than the WF smear. Detection rate of Candida was similar (12.5%) in both AD and WF smears. Identification of Trichomonas was also similar (1.5%) in both types of smears. Candida could be more easily identified in AD smears as compared to WF probably because AD had a clearer background. CONCLUSIONS: In air-dried smears, individual cells are clearly seen. The cellular and nuclear size is comparable to tissue sections.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139367531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION: Gross and fine motor skills are both necessary for healthy growth. According to studies, children from lower “Socioeconomic Status (SES)” families have delayed development of these fundamental motor skills, placing them at risk for delayed motor skill development. The current research’s objective was to study the occurrence of developmental risks and the variances between the gross as well as fine motor growth related to the SES of pre-schoolers in Pokhara. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One district preschool in the Lekhnath municipality of Pokhara was selected for the study. 102 elementary school students between 3-6 years were evaluated. Children’s fine and gross motor skill and SES of their parents were calibrated. The values were compared and evaluated for the various economic status and genders keeping p<0.05 as significant. RESULTS: Particularly in the area of fine motor abilities, significant variations between the SES groups were found. Gross motor growth had a greater variation and was substantial than fine motor skill. Fine motor growth risk prevalence ranged from 1.9% to 21.0%, while gross motor growth risk prevalence peaked at 14.63%. Age and sex also affected the prevalence rates. CONCLUSIONS: In pre-schoolers aged three to six, fine motor skills are strongly correlated with socioeconomic level. A correlation in gross motor skills was not established. In this study, sex had a greater impact on motor development than SES
{"title":"Association between Socioeconomic Status and Motor Skill Development among Preschool Children of Lekhnath, Pokhara: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ripti Shrestha, Bijendra Prasad Yadav, Neebha Amatya, Raja Rana, Rajesh Prajapati","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60068","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Gross and fine motor skills are both necessary for healthy growth. According to studies, children from lower “Socioeconomic Status (SES)” families have delayed development of these fundamental motor skills, placing them at risk for delayed motor skill development. The current research’s objective was to study the occurrence of developmental risks and the variances between the gross as well as fine motor growth related to the SES of pre-schoolers in Pokhara. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One district preschool in the Lekhnath municipality of Pokhara was selected for the study. 102 elementary school students between 3-6 years were evaluated. Children’s fine and gross motor skill and SES of their parents were calibrated. The values were compared and evaluated for the various economic status and genders keeping p<0.05 as significant. RESULTS: Particularly in the area of fine motor abilities, significant variations between the SES groups were found. Gross motor growth had a greater variation and was substantial than fine motor skill. Fine motor growth risk prevalence ranged from 1.9% to 21.0%, while gross motor growth risk prevalence peaked at 14.63%. Age and sex also affected the prevalence rates. CONCLUSIONS: In pre-schoolers aged three to six, fine motor skills are strongly correlated with socioeconomic level. A correlation in gross motor skills was not established. In this study, sex had a greater impact on motor development than SES","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139367012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60169
Bharat Ram Dhungana
INTRODUCTION: People from developing countries may have poor health due to economic constraints. Microfinance institutions provide collateral-free microcredit to the unbanked people for their livelihood improvement. This study aims to assess the impact of microfinance services on the health outcomes of marginalized people. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research is based on a review of empirical studies, reports, and data. The PubMed search engine was used to locate research publications on microfinance and health. The PubMed Open Database was applied to find the publications using the keywords "microfinance" and "health." All papers that were published from January 1, 2010, to April 15, 2023, were checked for the study. 71 research papers were discovered during the initial inquiry; nine duplicate articles were eliminated, and 13 were irrelevant to the study. Finally, 50 research papers and reports were selected for evaluation. RESULTS: Health outcomes and microfinance intervention are related. Microfinance services are useful to improve access to healthcare, health initiatives/awareness, and funding for healthcare services. When financial services are integrated with health care services, the poor and marginalized people benefit from the microfinance intervention in the diverse areas of health care services such as communicable and non-communicable diseases, food security and nutrition, contraceptives, and mental health risks of intimate partner violence, as well as health awareness, quality of life, social integration, and economic wellbeing. CONCLUSIONS: Financial accessibility is important for promoting the health of the underprivileged. The poor and marginalized individuals gain from the microfinance intervention in the broad spectrum of health care services when financial services are linked with health care services.
{"title":"Microfinance Intervention and Health Outcomes of Marginalized People: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Bharat Ram Dhungana","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60169","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: People from developing countries may have poor health due to economic constraints. Microfinance institutions provide collateral-free microcredit to the unbanked people for their livelihood improvement. This study aims to assess the impact of microfinance services on the health outcomes of marginalized people. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research is based on a review of empirical studies, reports, and data. The PubMed search engine was used to locate research publications on microfinance and health. The PubMed Open Database was applied to find the publications using the keywords \"microfinance\" and \"health.\" All papers that were published from January 1, 2010, to April 15, 2023, were checked for the study. 71 research papers were discovered during the initial inquiry; nine duplicate articles were eliminated, and 13 were irrelevant to the study. Finally, 50 research papers and reports were selected for evaluation. RESULTS: Health outcomes and microfinance intervention are related. Microfinance services are useful to improve access to healthcare, health initiatives/awareness, and funding for healthcare services. When financial services are integrated with health care services, the poor and marginalized people benefit from the microfinance intervention in the diverse areas of health care services such as communicable and non-communicable diseases, food security and nutrition, contraceptives, and mental health risks of intimate partner violence, as well as health awareness, quality of life, social integration, and economic wellbeing. CONCLUSIONS: Financial accessibility is important for promoting the health of the underprivileged. The poor and marginalized individuals gain from the microfinance intervention in the broad spectrum of health care services when financial services are linked with health care services.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139367184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60070
L. Khanal, Anupama Shrestha, K. R. Joshi, Anjan Palikhey
INTRODUCTION: Candida albicans has been known as the most common etiologic agent to cause denture stomatitis. Due to increasing resistance of this organism towards antifungal agents, plants with medicinal value are being used as alternatives. Thus this study was done to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of medicinal plants such as henna and turmeric against Candida albicans attached to acrylic denture resin by incorporating them into the resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 252 acrylic strips were prepared of Polymethyl methacrylate-based heat polymerizing denture base resin by compression molding technique and divided into 7 groups consisting of 36 samples each. The first group was prepared with only polymer and monomer and used as control. The remaining groups were divided according to the concentrations of henna and turmeric used. The concentrations of henna used were 0.5% (H1), 4% (H2) and 10% (H3) and of turmeric were 0.1% (T1), 3% (T2) and 7% (T3). The acrylic samples were exposed to Candida albicans by adhesion-based microbiological method. The amount of Candida adhered to acrylic samples was evaluated by two methods: slide count and plate count method. RESULTS: In both the methods used, H3, T2 and T3 showed significant antifungal effect. However when their antifungal effect was compared within the subgroups, no significant difference was found. CONCLUSIONS: Adding 10% henna, 3% and 7% turmeric can inhibit the growth of Candida albicans on the acrylic resin surface.
{"title":"An Evaluation of Antifungal effectiveness of Henna and Turmeric against Candida albicans adhered to Acrylic resin: An invitro analysis for Prevention of Denture stomatitis","authors":"L. Khanal, Anupama Shrestha, K. R. Joshi, Anjan Palikhey","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.60070","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Candida albicans has been known as the most common etiologic agent to cause denture stomatitis. Due to increasing resistance of this organism towards antifungal agents, plants with medicinal value are being used as alternatives. Thus this study was done to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of medicinal plants such as henna and turmeric against Candida albicans attached to acrylic denture resin by incorporating them into the resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 252 acrylic strips were prepared of Polymethyl methacrylate-based heat polymerizing denture base resin by compression molding technique and divided into 7 groups consisting of 36 samples each. The first group was prepared with only polymer and monomer and used as control. The remaining groups were divided according to the concentrations of henna and turmeric used. The concentrations of henna used were 0.5% (H1), 4% (H2) and 10% (H3) and of turmeric were 0.1% (T1), 3% (T2) and 7% (T3). The acrylic samples were exposed to Candida albicans by adhesion-based microbiological method. The amount of Candida adhered to acrylic samples was evaluated by two methods: slide count and plate count method. RESULTS: In both the methods used, H3, T2 and T3 showed significant antifungal effect. However when their antifungal effect was compared within the subgroups, no significant difference was found. CONCLUSIONS: Adding 10% henna, 3% and 7% turmeric can inhibit the growth of Candida albicans on the acrylic resin surface.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139366784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION: Iodinated contrast media is used in computed tomography imaging to enhance the visibility of blood vessels and tissues. They have distinct clinical effectiveness and toxicity profiles. Although low osmolar contrast media have made iodinated contrast media safer in recent years, adverse reactions can sometimes occur. The management of adverse reactions to iodinated contrast media is an important aspect of patient care during computed tomography examinations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the management of adverse reactions to iodinated contrast media during contrast-enhanced computed tomography examinations at Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bhairahawa, Nepal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, observational study was conducted on 323 patients at Department of Radiodiagnosis and Medical Imaging, Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bhairahawa, Nepal, from December 15, 2022 to May 15, 2023. All data was obtained from the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Medical Imaging, as per the study inclusion criteria. The data were analyzed with statistical package for the social sciences version 20. RESULTS: The mean age of study participants was 48.49±19.78 years. There were 34.67% male and 65.33% female patients involved in this study. Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital favoured a more strict approach, to determine the normal renal function and withhold metformin before iodinated contrast media exposure. 36.84% of patients had a history of previous adverse reactions, before undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans. Following iodinated contrast media administration, 94.74% experienced nausea and vomiting which was followed by mild urticarial (88.54%) and dyspnea (19.81%). Premedication protocol was predominantly implemented with antihistamine, pheniramine (73.1%), and corticosteroid, hydrocortisone (26.9%). Mild urticaria was treated with pheniramine (87.1%), nausea and vomiting was treated with metoclopramide (83.01%), dyspnea was treated by epinephrine, hydrocortisone and oxygen (9.38%). CONCLUSIONS: Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital has established a standard protocol for the management of adverse reactions experienced by patients during iodinated contrast media administration. Premedication with antihistamines and corticosteroids was recommended for highrisk patients.
{"title":"A Study of Management of Adverse Reaction to Iodinated Contrast Media used in Computed Tomography at UCMS-TH","authors":"Subhash Chandra Yadav, Sanju Rawal, Anjan Palikhey, Paribesh Gyawali, Lokeshwar Chaurasia","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.59936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v3i5.59936","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Iodinated contrast media is used in computed tomography imaging to enhance the visibility of blood vessels and tissues. They have distinct clinical effectiveness and toxicity profiles. Although low osmolar contrast media have made iodinated contrast media safer in recent years, adverse reactions can sometimes occur. The management of adverse reactions to iodinated contrast media is an important aspect of patient care during computed tomography examinations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the management of adverse reactions to iodinated contrast media during contrast-enhanced computed tomography examinations at Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bhairahawa, Nepal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, observational study was conducted on 323 patients at Department of Radiodiagnosis and Medical Imaging, Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bhairahawa, Nepal, from December 15, 2022 to May 15, 2023. All data was obtained from the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Medical Imaging, as per the study inclusion criteria. The data were analyzed with statistical package for the social sciences version 20. RESULTS: The mean age of study participants was 48.49±19.78 years. There were 34.67% male and 65.33% female patients involved in this study. Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital favoured a more strict approach, to determine the normal renal function and withhold metformin before iodinated contrast media exposure. 36.84% of patients had a history of previous adverse reactions, before undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans. Following iodinated contrast media administration, 94.74% experienced nausea and vomiting which was followed by mild urticarial (88.54%) and dyspnea (19.81%). Premedication protocol was predominantly implemented with antihistamine, pheniramine (73.1%), and corticosteroid, hydrocortisone (26.9%). Mild urticaria was treated with pheniramine (87.1%), nausea and vomiting was treated with metoclopramide (83.01%), dyspnea was treated by epinephrine, hydrocortisone and oxygen (9.38%). CONCLUSIONS: Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital has established a standard protocol for the management of adverse reactions experienced by patients during iodinated contrast media administration. Premedication with antihistamines and corticosteroids was recommended for highrisk patients.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139367792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v2i4.53468
Rajiv Sharma, Bibek Basukala, B. Parajuli, J. Thapa, Rabindra Regmi, Sandeep Sharma
INTRODUCTION: Acromioclavicular joint dislocation is a commonly encountered shoulder injury. Various surgical methods are available for the treatment of complete ACJ dislocation (type III to VI), however, optimal surgical treatment is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiological and functional outcome of anatomic coracoclavicular reconstruction (ACCR) using semitendinosus autograft with suture augmentation for type III to V ACJ dislocation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a single centered, cross sectional, observational study conducted at Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Dhulikhel Hospital. Twenty-three consecutive patients who underwent ACCR with semitendinosus autograft from Jan 2017 to Dec 2019 were included in the study. Patients below 18 years of age and patients with previous ipsilateral shoulder injury were excluded. The radiological outcome was assessed using coracoclavicular (CC) distance and functional outcome using DASH score and Constant score. Paired t-test and Pearson correlation were used for inferential analysis. RESULTS: Mean age of the patient was 33.83 ± 7.08 years. Mean duration of follow up was 28.17 ± 6.19 months. Mean CC distance at final follow up was 9.93 ± 1.12 mm. Mean DASH score was 5.60 ± 5.35 and mean Constant score was 88.04 ± 12.13. There were 12 (52.17%) excellent outcomes, 6 (26.08%) good outcomes, 2 (8.69%) fair outcomes and 3 (13.04%) poor outcomes based on Constant scores. CONCLUSIONS: ACCR with suture augmentation is an effective method for management of type III to V acromioclavicular joint dislocation.
{"title":"Functional and Radiological Outcome after Anatomic Coracoclavicular Ligament Reconstruction for Type III to Type V Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation Using Semitendinous Autograft","authors":"Rajiv Sharma, Bibek Basukala, B. Parajuli, J. Thapa, Rabindra Regmi, Sandeep Sharma","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v2i4.53468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v2i4.53468","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Acromioclavicular joint dislocation is a commonly encountered shoulder injury. Various surgical methods are available for the treatment of complete ACJ dislocation (type III to VI), however, optimal surgical treatment is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiological and functional outcome of anatomic coracoclavicular reconstruction (ACCR) using semitendinosus autograft with suture augmentation for type III to V ACJ dislocation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a single centered, cross sectional, observational study conducted at Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Dhulikhel Hospital. Twenty-three consecutive patients who underwent ACCR with semitendinosus autograft from Jan 2017 to Dec 2019 were included in the study. Patients below 18 years of age and patients with previous ipsilateral shoulder injury were excluded. The radiological outcome was assessed using coracoclavicular (CC) distance and functional outcome using DASH score and Constant score. Paired t-test and Pearson correlation were used for inferential analysis. RESULTS: Mean age of the patient was 33.83 ± 7.08 years. Mean duration of follow up was 28.17 ± 6.19 months. Mean CC distance at final follow up was 9.93 ± 1.12 mm. Mean DASH score was 5.60 ± 5.35 and mean Constant score was 88.04 ± 12.13. There were 12 (52.17%) excellent outcomes, 6 (26.08%) good outcomes, 2 (8.69%) fair outcomes and 3 (13.04%) poor outcomes based on Constant scores. CONCLUSIONS: ACCR with suture augmentation is an effective method for management of type III to V acromioclavicular joint dislocation.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126761738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION: Adolescents are a vulnerable group for developing unhealthy eating habits, especially with the increasing availability of junk food in the market. Private schools, which often provide a comfortable environment and higher income families, may also have an impact on the eating behavior of adolescents. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the knowledge and behavior related to junk food among adolescent students in a private school. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among adolescent students in Shree Phuleshwar Public Secondary English school Kalyanpur, Saptari with the sample drawn from those present during data collection. Following their consent, the respondents were given a self-administered structured questionnaire. Knowledge was graded; mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage and the chi-square test were used to analyze the data using SPSS 16.0. RESULTS: The participants' mean knowledge score was 5.80, with a standard deviation of 1.26. Similarly, the participants' average practice score was 7.07, with a standard deviation of 1.20.A total of 60 people took part in the study. The findings revealed that 31.7% of the participants possessed good knowledge, 31.7% possessed average knowledge, and 36.7% possessed poor knowledge. In terms of practice, 35.0% of participants did well, while 65.0% did poorly. CONCLUSIONS: The level of knowledge among adolescent students in Kalyanpur school was generally low, with only a small proportion having good knowledge. Similarly, the level of practice was poor, with the majority of participants having poor practice.
{"title":"Knowledge and Behavior Related to Junk Food among Adolescent Students in a Private School: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Poonam Shah, Suman Sah, Vijay Kumar Kapar, Shreekrishna Giri","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v2i4.53570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v2i4.53570","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Adolescents are a vulnerable group for developing unhealthy eating habits, especially with the increasing availability of junk food in the market. Private schools, which often provide a comfortable environment and higher income families, may also have an impact on the eating behavior of adolescents. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the knowledge and behavior related to junk food among adolescent students in a private school. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among adolescent students in Shree Phuleshwar Public Secondary English school Kalyanpur, Saptari with the sample drawn from those present during data collection. Following their consent, the respondents were given a self-administered structured questionnaire. Knowledge was graded; mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage and the chi-square test were used to analyze the data using SPSS 16.0. RESULTS: The participants' mean knowledge score was 5.80, with a standard deviation of 1.26. Similarly, the participants' average practice score was 7.07, with a standard deviation of 1.20.A total of 60 people took part in the study. The findings revealed that 31.7% of the participants possessed good knowledge, 31.7% possessed average knowledge, and 36.7% possessed poor knowledge. In terms of practice, 35.0% of participants did well, while 65.0% did poorly. CONCLUSIONS: The level of knowledge among adolescent students in Kalyanpur school was generally low, with only a small proportion having good knowledge. Similarly, the level of practice was poor, with the majority of participants having poor practice.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122099081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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