Pub Date : 2022-08-20DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47755
Sumitra Nakarmi, Sona Bhandari
INTRODUCTION: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common behaviours and emotional problem arises in school age children. Teachers can play a key role in identifying and supporting students with this disorder. In order to achieve this role, it is vital for teachers to have obvious knowledge about this disorder. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge regarding Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among school teachers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive study method was used; altogether 70 samples from Prabhat secondary school teachers were selected by using of census sampling technique. Most of them recognized attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was behavior and emotional problem which was arise in school age period. Similarly, Maximum response about symptoms were forgetfulness and difficulty engaging in non-action activities. Maximum respondents had answered for management way of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was motivational therapy. RESULTS: The findings of the study revealed that majority 88.3 % of the respondents had poor knowledge and 11.7% had moderate knowledge regarding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The study also showed that the variables such as age, sex, marital status, educational level and teaching experience were not significantly related to knowledge on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. CONCLUSIONS: This study concluded that the majority of respondent had poor knowledge about Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Variables such as age, sex, marital status, educational level and teaching experience were not significantly related to knowledge on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
{"title":"Knowledge Regarding Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among School Teachers in a Secondary School","authors":"Sumitra Nakarmi, Sona Bhandari","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47755","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common behaviours and emotional problem arises in school age children. Teachers can play a key role in identifying and supporting students with this disorder. In order to achieve this role, it is vital for teachers to have obvious knowledge about this disorder. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge regarding Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among school teachers.\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive study method was used; altogether 70 samples from Prabhat secondary school teachers were selected by using of census sampling technique. Most of them recognized attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was behavior and emotional problem which was arise in school age period. Similarly, Maximum response about symptoms were forgetfulness and difficulty engaging in non-action activities. Maximum respondents had answered for management way of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was motivational therapy.\u0000RESULTS: The findings of the study revealed that majority 88.3 % of the respondents had poor knowledge and 11.7% had moderate knowledge regarding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The study also showed that the variables such as age, sex, marital status, educational level and teaching experience were not significantly related to knowledge on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.\u0000CONCLUSIONS: This study concluded that the majority of respondent had poor knowledge about Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Variables such as age, sex, marital status, educational level and teaching experience were not significantly related to knowledge on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131464276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-20DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47659
Saroj Balami, Erika Shrestha, A. Dhungana, Ayam Chhatkuli, M. Shrestha, R. Chaulagain
INTRODUCTION: Halitosis is production of offensive odour coming out from oral cavity which most people try to avoid. It also leads to anxiety and social embarrassment. The people having halitosis have compromised quality of life. Hence this study was planned to assess the self-perception, knowledge and awareness of halitosis among students of higher learning institutions of Chitwan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 280 students of higher secondary schools and colleges of Chitwan. The data collection was done from August 2021 to October 2021. A self-administered questionnaire was used. The results obtained were entered into Microsoft Excel 2019 and then transferred into Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16. Descriptive statistical analysis was done. The study was analysed using frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation. RESULTS: In this study, the mean age of the participants was 23.75 years. More than 90% of the participants belonged to 20-29 age group. Among the participants 44.3% reported of bad breath, while only 15.4% visited doctor and received treatment. Around 41.1% believed oral check-up as common diagnostic measures for halitosis and 40.4% had an opinion of consulting dentist for bad breath. The bad breath affected their social life behaviour, ended up friendship, stayed separate and away from friends and family. Around 64.5% were isolated from society. CONCLUSIONS: From our study we can conclude that halitosis is common problem in developing and developed nation. In the present study self-reported halitosis was present. The proper oral hygiene methods were lagging. Proper need of oral hygiene education and awareness campaign is therefore necessary.
简介:口臭是大多数人试图避免的口腔异味的产生。它还会导致焦虑和社交尴尬。有口臭的人已经降低了生活质量。因此，本研究拟对奇旺省高等院校学生对口臭的自我认知、知识及意识进行调查。材料与方法:本研究是一项描述性横断面研究，对Chitwan市280名高中和大学学生进行调查。数据收集时间为2021年8月至2021年10月。采用自我管理问卷。将得到的结果输入到Microsoft Excel 2019中，然后转移到SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 16中。进行描述性统计分析。研究使用频率、百分比、平均值和标准差进行分析。结果:研究对象平均年龄23.75岁。超过90%的参与者年龄在20-29岁之间。在参与者中，44.3%的人报告有口臭，而只有15.4%的人去看医生并接受治疗。约41.1%的受访者认为口腔检查是诊断口臭的常用方法，而40.4%的受访者认为应向牙医咨询口臭。口臭影响了他们的社交生活行为，影响了友谊，使他们远离朋友和家人。约64.5%的人与社会隔离。结论:口臭是发展中国家和发达国家普遍存在的问题。在本研究中，自我报告的口臭存在。正确的口腔卫生方法落后。因此，有必要开展适当的口腔卫生教育和宣传活动。
{"title":"Self-Perception, Knowledge and Awareness of Halitosis among Students of Higher Learning Institutions of Chitwan","authors":"Saroj Balami, Erika Shrestha, A. Dhungana, Ayam Chhatkuli, M. Shrestha, R. Chaulagain","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47659","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Halitosis is production of offensive odour coming out from oral cavity which most people try to avoid. It also leads to anxiety and social embarrassment. The people having halitosis have compromised quality of life. Hence this study was planned to assess the self-perception, knowledge and awareness of halitosis among students of higher learning institutions of Chitwan.\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 280 students of higher secondary schools and colleges of Chitwan. The data collection was done from August 2021 to October 2021. A self-administered questionnaire was used. The results obtained were entered into Microsoft Excel 2019 and then transferred into Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16. Descriptive statistical analysis was done. The study was analysed using frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation.\u0000RESULTS: In this study, the mean age of the participants was 23.75 years. More than 90% of the participants belonged to 20-29 age group. Among the participants 44.3% reported of bad breath, while only 15.4% visited doctor and received treatment. Around 41.1% believed oral check-up as common diagnostic measures for halitosis and 40.4% had an opinion of consulting dentist for bad breath. The bad breath affected their social life behaviour, ended up friendship, stayed separate and away from friends and family. Around 64.5% were isolated from society.\u0000CONCLUSIONS: From our study we can conclude that halitosis is common problem in developing and developed nation. In the present study self-reported halitosis was present. The proper oral hygiene methods were lagging. Proper need of oral hygiene education and awareness campaign is therefore necessary.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124276914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-20DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47758
K. Yadav
{"title":"Madhesh Institute of Health Sciences (MIHS): 1st Anniversary","authors":"K. Yadav","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47758","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132711599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-20DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47748
S. Koju, N. Chaudhary, S. Adhikari, K. Adhikari
INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial therapy is the main stone in treatment. Gram negative bacilli are common cause of sepsis, pneumonia and urinary tract infections in ICU patients. Their treatment becomes more challenging due to the evolution of multiple drug resistant strains. The findings of this study would be useful in the formation of effective diagnostic approaches and policy of antimicrobial therapy for the treatment of infections in a similar intensive care hospital setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Laboratory based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of clinical microbiology of the Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital based on the reports of 129 bacterial isolated of various clinical specimens from different ICUs of hospital between April 2018 to September 2018. RESULTS: Among the 129-gram bacilli isolated mono bacterial growth were 116(89.92%) while remaining 13(10.08%) had poly bacterial or mixed organisms isolated. The most frequently isolated organisms were Acinetobacter spp. 51(39.55%), Escherichia coli 25(19.37%), Klebsiella spp. 27(20.93%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 17(13.95%) and Enterobacter spp. 8(6.2%). Antibiotic resistance was observed in many organisms with multidrug resistance 97(75.2%) among them. High level of resistance was observed to Cefotaxime (98.04%), Ceftriaxone (96.08%), Imipenem (80.39%), Ampicillin/sulbactam (72.55%) and Amikacin (70.59%). Ciprofloxacin (68.63%), Levofloxacin (27.45%) and Meropenem (28.21%) were found to be relatively effective against Acinetobacter spp. Isolated. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the frequently isolated organisms are multi drug resistant.
{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance among Gram Negative Bacilli Isolated from the ICU Admitted Patients Attending Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital","authors":"S. Koju, N. Chaudhary, S. Adhikari, K. Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47748","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial therapy is the main stone in treatment. Gram negative bacilli are common cause of sepsis, pneumonia and urinary tract infections in ICU patients. Their treatment becomes more challenging due to the evolution of multiple drug resistant strains. The findings of this study would be useful in the formation of effective diagnostic approaches and policy of antimicrobial therapy for the treatment of infections in a similar intensive care hospital setting.\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Laboratory based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of clinical microbiology of the Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital based on the reports of 129 bacterial isolated of various clinical specimens from different ICUs of hospital between April 2018 to September 2018.\u0000RESULTS: Among the 129-gram bacilli isolated mono bacterial growth were 116(89.92%) while remaining 13(10.08%) had poly bacterial or mixed organisms isolated. The most frequently isolated organisms were Acinetobacter spp. 51(39.55%), Escherichia coli 25(19.37%), Klebsiella spp. 27(20.93%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 17(13.95%) and Enterobacter spp. 8(6.2%). Antibiotic resistance was observed in many organisms with multidrug resistance 97(75.2%) among them. High level of resistance was observed to Cefotaxime (98.04%), Ceftriaxone (96.08%), Imipenem (80.39%), Ampicillin/sulbactam (72.55%) and Amikacin (70.59%). Ciprofloxacin (68.63%), Levofloxacin (27.45%) and Meropenem (28.21%) were found to be relatively effective against Acinetobacter spp. Isolated.\u0000CONCLUSIONS: Most of the frequently isolated organisms are multi drug resistant. ","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126664869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION: Distress is a serious problem to nurses, the deepest source of distress that nurse’s experience has been arisen because of the variation between nurse’s values and reality of daily nursing practice. Moral distress referred to the cognitive-emotional dissonance that arises when one feels compelled to act against one’s moral requirements. Moral distress has a deleterious effect on patients, nurses, and organizations which results in decreased job satisfaction, increased turnover, and withdrawal from a job, and developing physical and psychological symptoms. The aim of this study is to assess the moral distress among the nurses in Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional research design was conducted among 114 nurses of Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital by use probability, stratified random sampling technique. Data was collected by using Standard Hamric Modified Distress Scale-Revised (MDS-R). RESULTS: The study finding revealed that majority of nurses (82.5%) had mild moral distress and 17.5% had severe moral distress. The father’s occupation was significantly associated with moral distress (p=0.035). Interestingly, a statically significant association was observed between moral distress and respondents who were utilizing facilities of government health insurance (p=0.013). CONCLUSIONS: Nearly one fifth of the nurses have severe moral distress which is less in count but its effects may be severe. Hence special program needs to be organized by hospital admission for nurses to minimize the moral distress.
{"title":"Moral Distress among Nurses Working in a Teaching Hospital","authors":"Amita Ale, Ramesh Subba, Amrit Ghimire, Sarita Nepal","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47750","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Distress is a serious problem to nurses, the deepest source of distress that nurse’s experience has been arisen because of the variation between nurse’s values and reality of daily nursing practice. Moral distress referred to the cognitive-emotional dissonance that arises when one feels compelled to act against one’s moral requirements. Moral distress has a deleterious effect on patients, nurses, and organizations which results in decreased job satisfaction, increased turnover, and withdrawal from a job, and developing physical and psychological symptoms. The aim of this study is to assess the moral distress among the nurses in Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital.\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional research design was conducted among 114 nurses of Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital by use probability, stratified random sampling technique. Data was collected by using Standard Hamric Modified Distress Scale-Revised (MDS-R).\u0000RESULTS: The study finding revealed that majority of nurses (82.5%) had mild moral distress and 17.5% had severe moral distress. The father’s occupation was significantly associated with moral distress (p=0.035). Interestingly, a statically significant association was observed between moral distress and respondents who were utilizing facilities of government health insurance (p=0.013).\u0000CONCLUSIONS: Nearly one fifth of the nurses have severe moral distress which is less in count but its effects may be severe. Hence special program needs to be organized by hospital admission for nurses to minimize the moral distress. ","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132499337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-20DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47705
Susila Pokharel, G. Khanal, Sakuntala Chapagain, K. Adhikari
INTRODUCTION: Low utilization of modern contraceptives immediately after birth remains low in Nepal. Hence the Government of Nepal has given significant importance on postpartum family planning to address the unmet need of family planning in Nepal. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of postpartum family planning Utilization among women and its associated factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, cross- sectional, study was conducted among 133 mothers who had one year of children. The data collection tool was a semi structured interview schedule. Data were entered using Epi data 3.1 software and analyzed using SPSS 16. The statistical analyses carried out were descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and bivariate (chi-square test). RESULTS: The current utilization of family planning methods was 23.3% and utilization of family planning in the past year was 28.6%. The Depo -Provera (38.7%) is the most commonly used family planning method among respondents. About half of the respondents (45.9%) did not get family planning counselling during ANC Visit. Husband Occupation (p-value =0.004), family planning counselling during ANC Visit (p-value =0.017), Knowledge on appropriate birth space (p-value =0.017) and IUCD use (p-value=0.042). CONCLUSIONS: Contraceptive utilization among postpartum mothers was found to be extremely low which ultimately increases health risk to maternal health due to chances of unintended pregnancies.
简介:在尼泊尔，出生后立即使用现代避孕药具的比例仍然很低。因此，尼泊尔政府非常重视产后计划生育，以解决尼泊尔未满足的计划生育需求。本研究的目的是评估妇女产后计划生育使用率及其相关因素。材料与方法:对133名生了一岁孩子的母亲进行了一项描述性、横断面研究。数据收集工具是一个半结构化的面试时间表。数据采用Epi Data 3.1软件录入，SPSS 16软件分析。统计分析采用描述性(频率和百分比)和双变量(卡方检验)。结果:目前计划生育方法使用率为23.3%，过去一年计划生育方法使用率为28.6%。调查对象中最常用的计划生育方法是Depo -Provera(38.7%)。约半数(45.9%)受访者在非国大访视期间未接受计划生育咨询。丈夫职业(p值=0.004)、ANC访问期间计划生育咨询(p值=0.017)、适当生育空间知识(p值=0.017)和宫内节育器使用(p值=0.042)。结论:产后母亲的避孕药具使用率极低，最终增加了意外怀孕对孕产妇健康的风险。
{"title":"Use of Family Planning Methods among Postpartum Mothers in Bharatpur Metropolitan City","authors":"Susila Pokharel, G. Khanal, Sakuntala Chapagain, K. Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47705","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Low utilization of modern contraceptives immediately after birth remains low in Nepal. Hence the Government of Nepal has given significant importance on postpartum family planning to address the unmet need of family planning in Nepal. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of postpartum family planning Utilization among women and its associated factors.\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, cross- sectional, study was conducted among 133 mothers who had one year of children. The data collection tool was a semi structured interview schedule. Data were entered using Epi data 3.1 software and analyzed using SPSS 16. The statistical analyses carried out were descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and bivariate (chi-square test).\u0000RESULTS: The current utilization of family planning methods was 23.3% and utilization of family planning in the past year was 28.6%. The Depo -Provera (38.7%) is the most commonly used family planning method among respondents. About half of the respondents (45.9%) did not get family planning counselling during ANC Visit. Husband Occupation (p-value =0.004), family planning counselling during ANC Visit (p-value =0.017), Knowledge on appropriate birth space (p-value =0.017) and IUCD use (p-value=0.042).\u0000CONCLUSIONS: Contraceptive utilization among postpartum mothers was found to be extremely low which ultimately increases health risk to maternal health due to chances of unintended pregnancies. ","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132231662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-20DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47654
Anjan Palikhey, Dil Kapoor Kohar, A. Shrivastava, Jharana Shrestha, L. Shrestha, Chandrajeet Kumar Yadav, J. Priyanka, Lokeshwar Chaurasia, D. Chaudhary
INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is one of the major public health problems in developing countries like Nepal. Despite the availability of effective tuberculosis treatment regimens, patients must take a combination of anti-tubercular drugs for at least six months and may endure numerous side effects, making treatment compliance exceedingly difficult to maintain. The primary objective of the study was to assess the adherence rate to anti-tubercular agents and to find the prevalence of adverse drug reactions to the anti-tubercular therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was an observational study conducted in the DOTS centers of UCMS-TH, Bhairahawa, and Lumbini Provincial Hospital Butwal. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 170 participants to determine the adherence rate to anti-tubercular therapy and the incidence of associated adverse drug reactions. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 20) program was used to enter and analyze the data. The association between adherence and other variables was established using the Chisquare test. RESULTS: The adherence rate to anti-tubercular therapy was found to be 159 (93.5%). The major reasons for non-adherence include forgetfulness 8 (72.72%) followed by adverse effects 2 (18.18%) and transport difficulty in reaching the health facility 1 (9.1%). The prevalence of adverse drug reactions was 58 (34.12%) (27.1 - 41.2 at 95% Confidence Interval). Adherence was significantly associated with the experience of adverse effects, literacy, marital status, area of residence, and age of the participants. CONCLUSIONS: The adherence rate to anti-tubercular therapy was very high, which can be the primary determinant of tuberculosis treatment success.
简介:结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引起的传染病，是尼泊尔等发展中国家的主要公共卫生问题之一。尽管有有效的结核病治疗方案，但患者必须联合服用抗结核药物至少6个月，并可能承受许多副作用，使治疗依从性极难维持。本研究的主要目的是评估抗结核药物的依从率，并发现抗结核治疗的药物不良反应的发生率。材料和方法:本研究是在UCMS-TH、Bhairahawa和蓝毗尼省医院Butwal的DOTS中心进行的一项观察性研究。采用半结构化问卷收集170名参与者的数据，以确定抗结核治疗的依从率和相关药物不良反应的发生率。使用SPSS Version 20程序对数据进行输入和分析。依从性与其他变量之间的关联使用Chisquare检验建立。结果:患者抗结核依从率为159例(93.5%)。不遵守规定的主要原因包括健忘(72.72%)，其次是不良反应(18.18%)和到达卫生设施的交通困难(9.1%)。药物不良反应发生率为58例(34.12%)(95%可信区间为27.1 ~ 41.2)。依从性与不良反应的经历、文化程度、婚姻状况、居住地区和参与者的年龄显著相关。结论:患者对抗结核治疗的依从率很高，是结核病治疗成功的主要决定因素。
{"title":"Adherence to Anti-tubercular Agents in DOTS Center in Western Nepal","authors":"Anjan Palikhey, Dil Kapoor Kohar, A. Shrivastava, Jharana Shrestha, L. Shrestha, Chandrajeet Kumar Yadav, J. Priyanka, Lokeshwar Chaurasia, D. Chaudhary","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47654","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is one of the major public health problems in developing countries like Nepal. Despite the availability of effective tuberculosis treatment regimens, patients must take a combination of anti-tubercular drugs for at least six months and may endure numerous side effects, making treatment compliance exceedingly difficult to maintain. The primary objective of the study was to assess the adherence rate to anti-tubercular agents and to find the prevalence of adverse drug reactions to the anti-tubercular therapy.\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was an observational study conducted in the DOTS centers of UCMS-TH, Bhairahawa, and Lumbini Provincial Hospital Butwal. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 170 participants to determine the adherence rate to anti-tubercular therapy and the incidence of associated adverse drug reactions. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 20) program was used to enter and analyze the data. The association between adherence and other variables was established using the Chisquare test.\u0000RESULTS: The adherence rate to anti-tubercular therapy was found to be 159 (93.5%). The major reasons for non-adherence include forgetfulness 8 (72.72%) followed by adverse effects 2 (18.18%) and transport difficulty in reaching the health facility 1 (9.1%). The prevalence of adverse drug reactions was 58 (34.12%) (27.1 - 41.2 at 95% Confidence Interval). Adherence was significantly associated with the experience of adverse effects, literacy, marital status, area of residence, and age of the participants.\u0000CONCLUSIONS: The adherence rate to anti-tubercular therapy was very high, which can be the primary determinant of tuberculosis treatment success.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115713360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-20DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47658
Amrit Ghimire, K. Adhikari, Ramesh Subba, B. Sharma, Sarita Nepal, Taniya Thapa
INTRODUCTION: Academic burnout has been widely reported in recent decades in different countries among students. Today’s students are facing dual stress in their academic endeavor i.e., higher academic expectations and perceived pressure from their parents. The aim of the study is to assess the level of academic burnout among the plus two students. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done among secondary level students in a school of Bharatpur municipality. The study was conducted during October 2021 and December 2021among plus two level students. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Burnout was measured by using a 25 items tool comprising different types of burnout. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed at 5% level of significant. RESULTS: Of total; 62.2% and 7.4% students had mild and moderate burnout respectively. Median value of total burnout was 56 out of the maximum value 125. There was strong significant correlation between personal and study related burnout, moderate significant correlation between personal and classmate related, and between personal and instructor related burn out. There was significance difference in the median personal burn out and instructor related burnout level among male and female students. CONCLUSIONS: High academic burnout was found among secondary level students. Intervention is required to address the burden.
{"title":"Academic Burnout among Students studying in Selected Secondary School of Chitwan","authors":"Amrit Ghimire, K. Adhikari, Ramesh Subba, B. Sharma, Sarita Nepal, Taniya Thapa","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v2i3.47658","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Academic burnout has been widely reported in recent decades in different countries among students. Today’s students are facing dual stress in their academic endeavor i.e., higher academic expectations and perceived pressure from their parents. The aim of the study is to assess the level of academic burnout among the plus two students.\u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done among secondary level students in a school of Bharatpur municipality. The study was conducted during October 2021 and December 2021among plus two level students. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Burnout was measured by using a 25 items tool comprising different types of burnout. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed at 5% level of significant.\u0000RESULTS: Of total; 62.2% and 7.4% students had mild and moderate burnout respectively. Median value of total burnout was 56 out of the maximum value 125. There was strong significant correlation between personal and study related burnout, moderate significant correlation between personal and classmate related, and between personal and instructor related burn out. There was significance difference in the median personal burn out and instructor related burnout level among male and female students.\u0000CONCLUSIONS: High academic burnout was found among secondary level students. Intervention is required to address the burden.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132587083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v1i1.42914
Amrita Sinha, N. Kafle, S. Upadhyaya, Mrinalini Singh
INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumor in men over the age of 65 years. It is the second most common cause of cancer related death in men after lung cancer but it can be completely cured if detected at an early stage. Most frequently encountered diseases of the prostate are benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis and carcinoma. Increased prostate specific antigen levels are found to be closely associated with prostate cancer. It is a tumour marker which is a glycoprotein and is expressed by both normal and neoplastic prostate tissue. This study was done to determine the correlation between histopathological diagnosis in prostatic biopsy and serum prostatic specific antigen level. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a hospital based cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Pathology, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital from February 15, 2020 to October 15, 2020. A total of 84 cases were included in this study. All representative tissue sections were taken, paraffin embedded blocks were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain. Histopathological examination was done and it’s association with serum prostatic specific antigen level was observed. RESULTS: In the biopsy findings, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) was the most common case seen in 41 (48.8%) cases out of 84 cases with maximum incidence seen in 60-69 years age group (13 cases). A total of 10 (11.9%) cases were those of prostatic adenocarcinoma and were seen in the 70-79 years age group. Majority of benign cases (BPH and BPH with prostatitis) were seen in the PSA range of 0-7ng/ml. Maximum cases of Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN) were seen in the PSA range of 0-7 or 7.1-14 ng/ml and adenocarcinoma in the range of >20ng/ml. The finding showed that adenocarcinoma is associated with increased level of serum PSA level. CONCLUSIONS: PSA is a specific marker for prostatic tissue. It can be raised in benign lesions of the prostate due to membrane disruption. However, an increased PSA level above 20 ng/ml increases the chance of detecting malignant lesions.
{"title":"Prostate Biopsies and its Correlation with Prostate Specific Antigen in Patients Attending Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Morang, Nepal","authors":"Amrita Sinha, N. Kafle, S. Upadhyaya, Mrinalini Singh","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v1i1.42914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v1i1.42914","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumor in men over the age of 65 years. It is the second most common cause of cancer related death in men after lung cancer but it can be completely cured if detected at an early stage. Most frequently encountered diseases of the prostate are benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis and carcinoma. Increased prostate specific antigen levels are found to be closely associated with prostate cancer. It is a tumour marker which is a glycoprotein and is expressed by both normal and neoplastic prostate tissue. This study was done to determine the correlation between histopathological diagnosis in prostatic biopsy and serum prostatic specific antigen level. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a hospital based cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Pathology, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital from February 15, 2020 to October 15, 2020. A total of 84 cases were included in this study. All representative tissue sections were taken, paraffin embedded blocks were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain. Histopathological examination was done and it’s association with serum prostatic specific antigen level was observed. \u0000RESULTS: In the biopsy findings, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) was the most common case seen in 41 (48.8%) cases out of 84 cases with maximum incidence seen in 60-69 years age group (13 cases). A total of 10 (11.9%) cases were those of prostatic adenocarcinoma and were seen in the 70-79 years age group. Majority of benign cases (BPH and BPH with prostatitis) were seen in the PSA range of 0-7ng/ml. Maximum cases of Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN) were seen in the PSA range of 0-7 or 7.1-14 ng/ml and adenocarcinoma in the range of >20ng/ml. The finding showed that adenocarcinoma is associated with increased level of serum PSA level. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: PSA is a specific marker for prostatic tissue. It can be raised in benign lesions of the prostate due to membrane disruption. However, an increased PSA level above 20 ng/ml increases the chance of detecting malignant lesions.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123280054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.3126/mjmms.v1i1.42951
Lokeshwar Chaurasia, Laxmi Shah, Gita Paudel, D. Sarraf, Poonam Shah, J. Singh
INTRODUCTION: Self-medication and home remedies are most commonly employed for relief from menstrual discomfort in female students. Self-medication practice varies among adolescent female students. Hence, this study aims to observe and analyze self-medication practice and drugs used for primary dysmenorrhea among nursing students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross sectional study was conducted at Janaki Medical College and College of Nursing, Sinha Health Foundation, Dhanusha from October 2019 to December 2019, among nursing students of various academic years of intermediate level and bachelor level through structured questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 21.0. RESULTS: Out of 156 female students, the mean age of menarche was 13.20±1.53, interval of menstrual cycle was 30.29±7.26. Majority (82.1%) of the female students reported lower abdominal pain during menstrual bleeding, of which 48.4% had pain for less than 1 day, 47.7% had pain for 1-3 days and 3.9% had pain for more than 3 days. Self-medication practice was observed in 35.20 % of students while 60.20% of them practiced resting in bed for pain relief during menstrual bleeding. The most commonly self-medicated drug was mefenamic acid (64.4%), followed by paracetamol (40%), ibuprofen (26.7%) and nimesulide (13.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Self–medication of drugs was found to be lower in primary dysmenorrhea among nursing students. Therefore, education programs on the drawbacks of self-medication of drugs needs to be implemented; properly and timely.
{"title":"Self-medication Practice in Primary Dysmenorrhea among Nursing Students: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"Lokeshwar Chaurasia, Laxmi Shah, Gita Paudel, D. Sarraf, Poonam Shah, J. Singh","doi":"10.3126/mjmms.v1i1.42951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/mjmms.v1i1.42951","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Self-medication and home remedies are most commonly employed for relief from menstrual discomfort in female students. Self-medication practice varies among adolescent female students. Hence, this study aims to observe and analyze self-medication practice and drugs used for primary dysmenorrhea among nursing students. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross sectional study was conducted at Janaki Medical College and College of Nursing, Sinha Health Foundation, Dhanusha from October 2019 to December 2019, among nursing students of various academic years of intermediate level and bachelor level through structured questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 21.0. \u0000RESULTS: Out of 156 female students, the mean age of menarche was 13.20±1.53, interval of menstrual cycle was 30.29±7.26. Majority (82.1%) of the female students reported lower abdominal pain during menstrual bleeding, of which 48.4% had pain for less than 1 day, 47.7% had pain for 1-3 days and 3.9% had pain for more than 3 days. Self-medication practice was observed in 35.20 % of students while 60.20% of them practiced resting in bed for pain relief during menstrual bleeding. The most commonly self-medicated drug was mefenamic acid (64.4%), followed by paracetamol (40%), ibuprofen (26.7%) and nimesulide (13.3%). \u0000CONCLUSIONS: Self–medication of drugs was found to be lower in primary dysmenorrhea among nursing students. Therefore, education programs on the drawbacks of self-medication of drugs needs to be implemented; properly and timely.","PeriodicalId":218847,"journal":{"name":"MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130559758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：