Sleep and Biological Rhythms最新文献

This mini-meta-analysis evaluated the internal consistency of the Anxiety and Preoccupation about Sleep Questionnaire (APSQ) across existing studies to assess its potential as an orthosomnia (an obsessive preoccupation with achieving perfect sleep) screening tool. A systematic literature search identified four studies with 2,506 participants using English, Swedish, Turkish, and Arabic versions. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.91 to 0.95 across studies. The APSQ demonstrated high overall internal consistency reliability (pooled Cronbach’s alpha of the entire ASPQ = 0.93, 95% CI 0.91–0.94), suggesting utility for screening orthosomnia symptoms. The pooled Cronbach’s alpha of the first and second factors of the ASPQ were: 0.91 (95% CI 0.89–0.93) and 0.87 (95% CI 0.84–0.89), respectively. APSQ demonstrated high overall internal consistency reliability; however, limited linguistic/cultural representation and significant heterogeneity across studies impact generalizability.

The study aimed to discuss the association between sleep duration and the risk of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy). This cross-sectional study included 4173 adults (≥ 20 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2006. According to their sleep duration, participants were divided into five subgroups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis models and restrictive cubic spline regressions were used to explore the association between sleep duration and the risk of Hhcy. Compared with the participants who sleep 7 h, sleep deprivation (≤ 5 h) increased the risk of Hhcy, odds ratio (OR) 1.68 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–2.68); Excessive sleep (≥ 9 h) also increased the risk of Hhcy, OR 1.86 (95% CI 1.09–3.14) after adjusting for a series of confounding factors in the entire population. The risk of Hhcy was distributed in a U-shape with sleep duration. Similar results were demonstrated in obese populations. The association between sleep duration and the risk of Hhcy is U-shaped. Both sleep deprivation and excessive sleep can increase the risk of Hhcy.

Sleep is integral to cognitive functioning, and disturbances in sleep patterns can impair cognition. This study investigated the relationships between executive functions, sleep problems, and negative pre-sleep cognitions, proposing a model for their interaction. We assessed 107 adults using the Bedtime Counterfactual Processing Questionnaire and the Glasgow Content of Thoughts Inventory for negative pre-sleep cognitions, the Insomnia Severity Index and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for sleep problems, and the Free Research Executive Evaluation test battery for executive functions. Regression and mediation analyses were conducted to examine both direct and indirect relationships between these variables. Higher executive functions were associated with fewer negative pre-sleep cognitions, which in turn predicted fewer sleep problems. However, the anticipated direct effect of sleep problems on executive functioning was not supported, indicating a more complex interplay. Notably, pre-sleep cognition mediated the relationship between executive functions and sleep problems, indirectly affecting sleep problems through its connection with executive functions. While the findings support the mediation model of executive functions, negative pre-sleep cognitions, and sleep problems, the proposed cyclical model was not fully substantiated. This suggests that additional factors may influence the dynamics of this relationship, offering potential avenues for future research and interventions targeting sleep disorders and cognitive well-being enhancement.

Stroke-related restless legs syndrome (sRLS) is an emerging clinical entity, with a clear relationship between stroke and the occurrence of restless legs syndrome (RLS). Dopamine dysregulation has been observed in sRLS of the lenticulostriate region with increased dopamine precursor and decreased dopamine transporter. The aim of this work is to explore an original case of regressive RLS following stroke. Anatomical (MRI) and functional (¹⁸F-FDG PET; ¹⁸F- FDOPA PET; ¹²³I-FP-CIT SPECT) brain imaging was performed in our patient. A 63 year-old woman experienced complete resolution of longstanding restless legs syndrome (RLS) after a right middle cerebral artery stroke (left faciobrachial sensorimotor deficit), efficiently treated with intravenous thrombolysis. Having had RLS for 14 years, she reported complete symptom relief within four days post-stroke. 2 year follow-up confirmed sustained improvement. In our patient, functional dopaminergic imaging revealed an overall normal dopaminergic tone. This case contradicts the more commonly reported scenario of sRLS where stroke leads to the onset or worsening of RLS. The pathophysiology of RLS remains unclear and in the absence of clear biomarkers for RLS, small lesion models in humans can provide valuable insights to a better understanding of this disease.

Chronic pain due to peripheral neuropathy can lead to sleep disorders that significantly worsen the patient's quality of life. Previously, we conducted brain wave measurements in a rat model of neuropathic pain and identified its potential as a model for sleep disorders associated with chronic pain (reported). In this study, we quantified melatonin secretion and assessed its circadian rhythm in a rat model of pain-induced sleep disorder. To create a model of chronic constriction injury (CCI), rats were loosely tied around the sciatic nerve, with approximately 1 mm spacing, 14 days before the experiment. Rats with no ties around the sciatic nerve were used as controls. Electroencephalograms and electromyograms were recorded for 3 days, and the episodes of waking, REM sleep, and non-REM sleep were compared between the groups. The samples for microanalysis were collected every 30 min and used for melatonin analysis. Compared to the control group, the CCI model group exhibited an increase in wake episodes and a decrease in non-REM sleep episodes. Analysis of the area under the curve of melatonin secretion revealed a significant increase in melatonin secretion and a loss of circadian rhythm in the CCI model group. Melatonin secretion markedly increased accompanied by loss of circadian rhythm in a rat model of CCI. Further studies investigating the causal relationship between neuropathic pain and melatonin secretion are warranted.

Sleep is integral to human health. Accumulating evidence has revealed that sleep characteristics could be influenced by altitudes. However, few studies explored what the trajectories of sleep status are along with the altitudes. Therefore, this study aims to find the relationship between altitudes and sleep status using data from CHARLS, a nationwide survey data from China. The generalized additive model and generalized additive mixed-effects model were used to explore the association between sleep status and altitudes. Age, gender, education level, and other common confounding factors were included in the models as covariates. The sleep duration showed a rapid increase trend after the altitude of 1600 m. The probabilities of long sleep duration were increased with the evaluation of altitudes (edf = 1.945, P = 0.004), while the similar statistically significant change was not observed for short sleep duration (edf = 2.204, P = 0.193). Gender, residence, and ethnicity were the main influencing factors for the increase in sleep duration as altitude increased. The high-altitude environment could have effects on the sleep status of individuals, especially on the sleep duration. Long sleep duration was found more prevalent among highlanders. This study shed light on the underlying relationship between altitudes and sleep status which could provide clues for further mechanism studies.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s41105-024-00516-1.].

A significant proportion of the world’s population suffers from insomnia, a disorder characterized by complications in initiating and maintaining sleep. Many medications used to treat insomnia target the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter system. However, these substances, such as benzodiazepines, induce significant adverse consequences, including dependence and memory impairment, after prolonged use. Thus, current studies are aimed at developing therapeutic hypnotics derived from natural sources that may cause less severe side effects. Heukharang is a variety of lettuce from Korea that was discovered to contain sleep-promoting compounds. Therefore, we investigated the potential effects of sub-chronic administration of Heukharang extract (FSD-LS) on sleep behavior (pentobarbital-induced sleeping test), brain wave activity and sleep architecture (electroencephalography), and physiological behavior (open-field test and rota-rod) in mice, along with radioligand binding assays (GABA_A, adenosine A₁ and A_2A receptors). We found that FSD-LS prolonged the total sleep duration and reduced the onset time of sleep, and enhanced delta wave power and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep duration, all indicating persistent sleep-enhancing effects. FSD-LS lacked adverse effects on the spontaneous locomotor activity and motor coordination of mice, unlike diazepam. Pharmacological blocking using caffeine and bicuculline supported the possible involvement of adenosine receptors in the sleep-promoting effects of FSD-LS, with partial contribution from GABA receptor activity. Overall, our study recommends FSD-LS as a potential source for the development of sleep-aiding therapeutics.

Adults with restless sleep disorder (RSD) have never been studied clinically and polysomnographically. This study aimed to describe the clinical manifestation, duration, and distribution of sleep-related movements in adult patients with restless sleep disorder. Patients who had performed VPSG from Jan 2021 to Jan 2022 and met the diagnosis criteria of RSD were enrolled in the study. Patients’ bed partners were also interviewed or telephoned in identifying this disorder. Scoring of movements during sleep was according to the diagnosis criteria of RSD and scoring of large muscle group movements during sleep proposed by the International RLS Study Group in 2020 and 2021, respectively. The clinical manifestation, the distribution of sleep stage as well as the types and duration of the movements were carefully recorded and analyzed. We included ten patients in the study with a mean age of 27.6 years (range 22–38). There was a male prevalence in adults with RSD. The study highlighted the findings from video-polysomnography, which indicated frequent sleep-related movements occurring throughout the Night. These movements were most prominent during N1 and N2 sleep stage, followed by REM sleep, while fewer movements were observed during N3 sleep. Adults with RSD experienced significant daytime functioning impairments, including non-refreshing sleep, daytime fatigue/sleepiness, and mood disturbance. Two of the patients in the study were diagnosed with anxiety and depression, further underscoring the impact of RSD on mental health. Adult patients also suffer from severe RSD, and the RSD that originates in childhood tends to persist into adulthood. In these cases, longer duration of the disease and poor sleep quality may be associated with an increased risk of developing psychiatric comorbidities. Our cases represent an objectively documented type of RSD in younger adult patients.