Cecilio Castañeda-Cabrera, C. Perales-Segovia, I. López-Muraira, M. Miranda-Salcedo, A. García-Munguía, H. Silos-Espino
Abstract. Oligonychus perseae Tuttle, Baker & Abbatiello (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an economically important pest of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) in Mexico. Resistance reduced the efficacy of broad-spectrum miticides used to control this pest. Identification of reliable and more environmentally friendly alternatives is crucial for reduction of pesticide use in agriculture. This study determined the efficacy of three plant extracts derived from wild species, Petiveria alliacea L. (Phytolaccaceae), reseda luteola L. (Resedaceae), and Isocoma hartwegii (A. Gray) Greene (Asteraceae) for control of the mite. In vitro and field experiments were done. Ethanolic wild plant extracts from Petiveria alliacea and Isocoma hartwegii killed most mites by 24 hours after application in in-vitro assays. At field conditions, most effective extracts were from Petiveria alliacea and reseda luteola. Two commercial products derived from Azadirachta indica extract and combination of pepper + garlic extracts had good efficacy at in vitro and field conditions.
摘要墨西哥鳄梨(Persea americana Mill.)是墨西哥鳄梨(Persea americana Mill.)的重要害虫。抗性降低了用于控制这种害虫的广谱杀虫剂的效果。确定可靠和更环保的替代品对于减少农业中农药的使用至关重要。本研究测定了三种野生植物的提取物——韭葱(Petiveria alliacea L.)、木犀草(reseda luteola L.)和紫菀科(Isocoma hartwegii (A. Gray) Greene (Asteraceae)的防螨效果。进行了体外和田间实验。在体外试验中，用野生植物葱柄草(Petiveria alliacea)和hartwegii的乙醇提取物在施用后24小时内杀灭大部分螨虫。在田间条件下，最有效的提取物为韭菜和木犀草。印楝提取物和辣椒+大蒜提取物组合在离体和田间条件下均具有良好的抑菌效果。
{"title":"Ethanolic Plant Extracts as Potential Biomiticides Against Oligonychus perseae (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Avocado in Mexico","authors":"Cecilio Castañeda-Cabrera, C. Perales-Segovia, I. López-Muraira, M. Miranda-Salcedo, A. García-Munguía, H. Silos-Espino","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0206","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Oligonychus perseae Tuttle, Baker & Abbatiello (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an economically important pest of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) in Mexico. Resistance reduced the efficacy of broad-spectrum miticides used to control this pest. Identification of reliable and more environmentally friendly alternatives is crucial for reduction of pesticide use in agriculture. This study determined the efficacy of three plant extracts derived from wild species, Petiveria alliacea L. (Phytolaccaceae), reseda luteola L. (Resedaceae), and Isocoma hartwegii (A. Gray) Greene (Asteraceae) for control of the mite. In vitro and field experiments were done. Ethanolic wild plant extracts from Petiveria alliacea and Isocoma hartwegii killed most mites by 24 hours after application in in-vitro assays. At field conditions, most effective extracts were from Petiveria alliacea and reseda luteola. Two commercial products derived from Azadirachta indica extract and combination of pepper + garlic extracts had good efficacy at in vitro and field conditions.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"115 1","pages":"333 - 340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73227484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haidel Vargas-Madríz, M. O. Lázaro-Dzul, J. Acuña-Soto, Ángel Félix Vargas-Madriz, Abraham Monteón-Ojeda, F. A. Valenzuela-Escoboza, Ricardo Martínez-Martínez, P. F. Grifaldo-Alcántara, Ausencio Azuara-Domínguez
Abstract. The effect of four treatments on ‘SUN-7705’ tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) was evaluated on morphology of B. cockerelli (Sulc). Eggs, nymphs, and adults were raised on tomato plants in a greenhouse conditions at the Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, Mexico. Adults were kept in individual boxes with wooden frames and organza covers at temperatures ranging from 10 to 40°C and photoperiod of 14:10 light:dark hours. Variables evaluated for egg morphometry were egg length (EL), egg width (EW), and pedicel length (PL). Variables measured for five nymphal instars were body length (BL), body width (BW), left antenna length (LAL), and right antenna length (RAL). Variables evaluated for adult morphometry were body length (BL), body width at the thorax (BWT), antennae length (ATN), wing length (WL), and wing width (WW). The effect of the different treatments on tomato significantly affected morphometric variables LP and AH of eggs. Significant and very significant differences were observed in morphometric variables LC, AC, LAI, and LAD of nymphs. Very significant differences were obtained in LC and ACT of B. cockerelli adult males. Results from morphometry of B. cockerelli have practical implications to help identify the five nymphal stages. Resumen. Se evaluó el efecto de cuatro tratamientos en la variedad de tomate ‘SUN-7705’ en la morfometría de B. cockerelli (Sulc). Se colectaron huevos, ninfas, y adultos criados en dicha variedad, en condiciones de invernadero en el Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, México. Los adultos fueron mantenidos en jaulas individuales de marco de madera cubiertos con tela de organza, bajo un periodo de 14:10 h de luz-oscuridad, con un rango de temperatura de 10 a 40°C. Las variables evaluadas fueron: longitud de huevo (LH), ancho de huevo (AH), y longitud de pedicelo (LP). Las variables medidas en los cinco ínstares ninfales fueron largo de cuerpo (LC), ancho de cuerpo (AC), longitud de antena izquierda (LAI), y longitud de antena derecha (LAD). En adultos, se consideraron las variables longitud de cuerpo (LC), ancho de cuerpo en tórax (ACT), largo de antenas (ATN), longitud de ala (LA), y ancho de ala (AA). Se encontró que el efecto de los diferentes tratamientos en la variedad de tomate afecto significativamente las variables morfométricas (LP) y (AH) en huevos; en las ninfas del primer instar, los tratamientos afectaron significativamente las variables (LC), (AC), (LAI), y (LAD). En ninfas de segundo instar se observaron diferencias significativas entre las variables (LC), (AC), (LAI), y (LAD). En ninfas de tercer instar se observaron diferencias significativas y altamente significativas para las variables (AC), (LAI), y (LAD). En ninfas de cuarto instar se encontró que los tratamientos tuvieron un efecto altamente significativo en las variables (LC), (LAI), y (LAD). En ninfas de quinto ínstar se observaron diferencias significativas y altamente significativas para las vari
摘要研究了4种处理对‘SUN-7705’番茄(Solanum lycopersicum L.)褐僵菌形态的影响。卵、若虫和成虫在墨西哥德斯科科蒙特西略校区研究生学院的温室条件下在番茄植株上饲养。成虫被饲养在木质框架和透明纱盖的单独盒子中，温度范围为10至40°C，光照时间为14:10:黑暗时间。卵形态测定的变量包括卵长(EL)、卵宽(EW)和花梗长度(PL)。测量的变量为体长(BL)、体宽(BW)、左天线长(LAL)和右天线长(RAL)。成虫形态测量的变量包括体长(BL)、胸处体宽(BWT)、触角长(ATN)、翼长(WL)和翼宽(WW)。不同处理对番茄卵形态计量变量LP和AH的影响显著。若虫的形态计量变量LC、AC、LAI和LAD存在显著和极显著差异。成年雄蝇的LC和ACT有显著性差异。从形态测定法的结果，有实际意义，以帮助确定五个若虫阶段。Resumen。参见evaluó el effect to de cuatro tratientos en la variedad de tomate ' SUN-7705 ' en la morfometría de B. cockerelli (Sulc)。Se colectaron到了ninfas y adultos criados en dicha variedad, en身体de invernadero en el Colegio de Postgraduados校园Montecillo Texcoco,墨西哥。10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人，10个成人。三个变量分别为:经度(LH)、锚度(AH)、经度(LP)。Las variables medidas en los cinco ínstares ininfales fueron largo de cuerpo (LC)， ancho de cuerpo (AC)， longitude de天线quierda (LAI)， y longitude de天线derecha (LAD)。在成人中，我们考虑了纵向纵向(LC)、纵向纵向(tórax)、大天线(ATN)、纵向纵向(LA)、纵向纵向(AA)等变量。结果表明:(1)不同处理方式对个体的影响不同;(1)不同处理方式对个体的影响显著;(2)不同处理方式对个体的影响显著;在不同的引物条件下，不同的变量(LC)， (AC)， (LAI)， y (LAD)对诱导效应的影响显著。在2个变量(LC)、(AC)、(LAI)、(LAD)中，2个变量的观测值存在显著差异。在不同的观测变量(AC)、(LAI)、(LAD)中，不同的观测值存在显著性差异。研究结果表明，在不同的变量(LC)、(LAI)、(LAD)下，不同的治疗方法对治疗效果的影响具有显著性。在(LC)， (AC)， (LAI)， y (LAD)这几个变量上，我们的观测值有显著性差异。在成人中，我们观察到在成年期，B. cockerelli的基因(LC)和(ACT)的显著差异。洛杉矶resultados obtenidos en la morfometria·德·b·cockerelli如果implicaciones practicas因为dichas变量podrian ser美国科莫guia仲要cinco fas ninfales最低biotipos de la especie。
{"title":"Effect of Fertilization on Morphometry of Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) at Greenhouse Conditions","authors":"Haidel Vargas-Madríz, M. O. Lázaro-Dzul, J. Acuña-Soto, Ángel Félix Vargas-Madriz, Abraham Monteón-Ojeda, F. A. Valenzuela-Escoboza, Ricardo Martínez-Martínez, P. F. Grifaldo-Alcántara, Ausencio Azuara-Domínguez","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0210","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The effect of four treatments on ‘SUN-7705’ tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) was evaluated on morphology of B. cockerelli (Sulc). Eggs, nymphs, and adults were raised on tomato plants in a greenhouse conditions at the Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, Mexico. Adults were kept in individual boxes with wooden frames and organza covers at temperatures ranging from 10 to 40°C and photoperiod of 14:10 light:dark hours. Variables evaluated for egg morphometry were egg length (EL), egg width (EW), and pedicel length (PL). Variables measured for five nymphal instars were body length (BL), body width (BW), left antenna length (LAL), and right antenna length (RAL). Variables evaluated for adult morphometry were body length (BL), body width at the thorax (BWT), antennae length (ATN), wing length (WL), and wing width (WW). The effect of the different treatments on tomato significantly affected morphometric variables LP and AH of eggs. Significant and very significant differences were observed in morphometric variables LC, AC, LAI, and LAD of nymphs. Very significant differences were obtained in LC and ACT of B. cockerelli adult males. Results from morphometry of B. cockerelli have practical implications to help identify the five nymphal stages. Resumen. Se evaluó el efecto de cuatro tratamientos en la variedad de tomate ‘SUN-7705’ en la morfometría de B. cockerelli (Sulc). Se colectaron huevos, ninfas, y adultos criados en dicha variedad, en condiciones de invernadero en el Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, México. Los adultos fueron mantenidos en jaulas individuales de marco de madera cubiertos con tela de organza, bajo un periodo de 14:10 h de luz-oscuridad, con un rango de temperatura de 10 a 40°C. Las variables evaluadas fueron: longitud de huevo (LH), ancho de huevo (AH), y longitud de pedicelo (LP). Las variables medidas en los cinco ínstares ninfales fueron largo de cuerpo (LC), ancho de cuerpo (AC), longitud de antena izquierda (LAI), y longitud de antena derecha (LAD). En adultos, se consideraron las variables longitud de cuerpo (LC), ancho de cuerpo en tórax (ACT), largo de antenas (ATN), longitud de ala (LA), y ancho de ala (AA). Se encontró que el efecto de los diferentes tratamientos en la variedad de tomate afecto significativamente las variables morfométricas (LP) y (AH) en huevos; en las ninfas del primer instar, los tratamientos afectaron significativamente las variables (LC), (AC), (LAI), y (LAD). En ninfas de segundo instar se observaron diferencias significativas entre las variables (LC), (AC), (LAI), y (LAD). En ninfas de tercer instar se observaron diferencias significativas y altamente significativas para las variables (AC), (LAI), y (LAD). En ninfas de cuarto instar se encontró que los tratamientos tuvieron un efecto altamente significativo en las variables (LC), (LAI), y (LAD). En ninfas de quinto ínstar se observaron diferencias significativas y altamente significativas para las vari","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"65 3 1","pages":"367 - 378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78702528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mejia-Mandujano, H. González-Hernández, J. R. Lomelí-Flores, L. Soto-Rojas, E. Rodríguez-Leyva, Y. Á. Rebollar-Alviter
Resumen. Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, 1919 y seis especies del género Frankliniella se obtuvieron de blueberries bajo manejo orgánico en Sayula, Jalisco, México, en brotes, tallos, hojas, flores, y frutos. También se detectó al trips depredador Frankliniotrips vespiformis y ácaros depredadores de la familia Phytoseiidae. También se obtuvieron trips de plantas arvenses en los túneles del cultivo. Abstract. Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, 1919, and six species of the genus Frankliniella were collected from organic blueberries in Sayula, Jalisco, Mexico, from infested shoots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. The predatory thrips Frankliniotrips vespiformis, and predatory mites were also detected. Thrips were also detected on weeds in the tunnels of blueberry field.
{"title":"Trips en Blueberries Bajo Manejo Orgánico en Sayula, Jalisco, México","authors":"M. Mejia-Mandujano, H. González-Hernández, J. R. Lomelí-Flores, L. Soto-Rojas, E. Rodríguez-Leyva, Y. Á. Rebollar-Alviter","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0217","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen. Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, 1919 y seis especies del género Frankliniella se obtuvieron de blueberries bajo manejo orgánico en Sayula, Jalisco, México, en brotes, tallos, hojas, flores, y frutos. También se detectó al trips depredador Frankliniotrips vespiformis y ácaros depredadores de la familia Phytoseiidae. También se obtuvieron trips de plantas arvenses en los túneles del cultivo. Abstract. Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, 1919, and six species of the genus Frankliniella were collected from organic blueberries in Sayula, Jalisco, Mexico, from infested shoots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. The predatory thrips Frankliniotrips vespiformis, and predatory mites were also detected. Thrips were also detected on weeds in the tunnels of blueberry field.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"19 1","pages":"421 - 428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86502377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Fall armyworm, Spodopera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a maize (Zea mays L.) pest native to the Americas, is a recent invasive insect of Africa, Asia, and Oceania. Resistant to several insecticide classes and toxins of Bt-maize, the insect damages maize by feeding on leaf, tassel, and ear tissues. Using native resistance in maize with existing tactics could improve control. The objective of the study was to evaluate resistance to leaf-feeding fall armyworm in maize population PI 674097 and founding landraces used to develop the germplasm. Plants grown in the field and artificially infested at the seven- or eight-leaf stage were visually scored for leaf-feeding damage at 7- and 14-days post infestation. All scores for NSL 283507, PI 498583, PI 583912, and PI 674097 were less (i.e., more resistant) than those of susceptible check GEMN-0131. In 2022, 14-day scores for PI 674097 were not different from those of resistant check Mp708 (3.6 ± 0.5 and 2.7 ± 0.5, respectively). PI 674097 was variable in response to lead feeding by fall armyworm, with individual plants having a range of 14-day scores from 2 (resistant) to 7 (susceptible) across both years of testing. The variability might be useful when selecting greater resistance to the pest.
{"title":"Evaluating Founding Landraces of Maize Population PI 674097 for Resistance to Leaf-Feeding Spodoptera frugiperda","authors":"C. Abel, U. Frei, S. Woolfolk","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0207","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Fall armyworm, Spodopera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a maize (Zea mays L.) pest native to the Americas, is a recent invasive insect of Africa, Asia, and Oceania. Resistant to several insecticide classes and toxins of Bt-maize, the insect damages maize by feeding on leaf, tassel, and ear tissues. Using native resistance in maize with existing tactics could improve control. The objective of the study was to evaluate resistance to leaf-feeding fall armyworm in maize population PI 674097 and founding landraces used to develop the germplasm. Plants grown in the field and artificially infested at the seven- or eight-leaf stage were visually scored for leaf-feeding damage at 7- and 14-days post infestation. All scores for NSL 283507, PI 498583, PI 583912, and PI 674097 were less (i.e., more resistant) than those of susceptible check GEMN-0131. In 2022, 14-day scores for PI 674097 were not different from those of resistant check Mp708 (3.6 ± 0.5 and 2.7 ± 0.5, respectively). PI 674097 was variable in response to lead feeding by fall armyworm, with individual plants having a range of 14-day scores from 2 (resistant) to 7 (susceptible) across both years of testing. The variability might be useful when selecting greater resistance to the pest.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"10 1","pages":"341 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87039517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Two formulations of permethrin EC termiticide were evaluated for depth of penetration into sandy-loam soil following by-the-label aqueous applications to the soil surface. The termiticide formulations were the same, except one formulation contained finely powdered cellulose and the other did not. Formulations were applied separately at 0.25% and 0.50% a.i. and allowed 7 to 9 days to disperse into the soil before samples were extracted and a.i. residues from various depths near the soil surface determined. Residue analyses for both formulations determined that 100% of a.i. recovered was contained in the top 5.1 cm of soil. Residues in the top 1.3 cm of soil were 95.2 to 96.9% of a.i. recovered. In the top 5.1 cm of soil, residue of permethrin plus powdered cellulose formulation applied at 0.50% was significantly greater than permethrin without cellulose additive.
{"title":"Advection of Permethrin-EC Compared with Permethrin-EC+Cellulose in Sandy-Loam Soil","authors":"B. Kard","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0205","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Two formulations of permethrin EC termiticide were evaluated for depth of penetration into sandy-loam soil following by-the-label aqueous applications to the soil surface. The termiticide formulations were the same, except one formulation contained finely powdered cellulose and the other did not. Formulations were applied separately at 0.25% and 0.50% a.i. and allowed 7 to 9 days to disperse into the soil before samples were extracted and a.i. residues from various depths near the soil surface determined. Residue analyses for both formulations determined that 100% of a.i. recovered was contained in the top 5.1 cm of soil. Residues in the top 1.3 cm of soil were 95.2 to 96.9% of a.i. recovered. In the top 5.1 cm of soil, residue of permethrin plus powdered cellulose formulation applied at 0.50% was significantly greater than permethrin without cellulose additive.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"114 1","pages":"325 - 332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80761909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Goolsby, Lauren Maestas, R. García, Melinda May, K. Lohmeyer, J. Picanso, Douglas B. Anderson, Jesus Coy, Denise L. Bonilla
Abstract. Reintroduction and dispersal of the livestock and wildlife pest, southern cattle fever tick, rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini), along the U.S.Mexico border in the southernmost counties of Cameron and Willacy has been attributed mostly to nilgai antelope, Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas), and to a lesser extent, white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmerman). Nilgai are competent hosts of r. microplus, have large home ranges, and are distributed from southern Texas into northeastern Mexico where r. microplus, a vector of bovine babesiosis, is endemic. The study documents movement of nilgai and white-tailed deer through gaps in game fencing previously built to redirect movements of the endangered ocelot, Leopardus pardalis (L.), to wildlife crossings. Game fencing limits movement of nilgai and white-tailed deer and thus reduces the spread of cattle fever ticks. Additional game fencing is proposed to limit movement of tick-infested nilgai, white-tailed deer, and further redirect ocelots to crossings to avoid mortality on roads. In other parts of Cameron and Willacy counties where road mortality to ocelots is not an issue, game fencing is designed with large openings to block nilgai but allow free movement for endangered feline species. This research demonstrates how efforts to protect livestock from an exotic pest can also merge with goals of protecting endangered species in the same environment.
{"title":"Preventative Methods to Reduce the Spread of Cattle Fever Ticks on Wildlife and Protect Local Endangered Species in South Texas","authors":"J. Goolsby, Lauren Maestas, R. García, Melinda May, K. Lohmeyer, J. Picanso, Douglas B. Anderson, Jesus Coy, Denise L. Bonilla","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0201","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Reintroduction and dispersal of the livestock and wildlife pest, southern cattle fever tick, rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini), along the U.S.Mexico border in the southernmost counties of Cameron and Willacy has been attributed mostly to nilgai antelope, Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas), and to a lesser extent, white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmerman). Nilgai are competent hosts of r. microplus, have large home ranges, and are distributed from southern Texas into northeastern Mexico where r. microplus, a vector of bovine babesiosis, is endemic. The study documents movement of nilgai and white-tailed deer through gaps in game fencing previously built to redirect movements of the endangered ocelot, Leopardus pardalis (L.), to wildlife crossings. Game fencing limits movement of nilgai and white-tailed deer and thus reduces the spread of cattle fever ticks. Additional game fencing is proposed to limit movement of tick-infested nilgai, white-tailed deer, and further redirect ocelots to crossings to avoid mortality on roads. In other parts of Cameron and Willacy counties where road mortality to ocelots is not an issue, game fencing is designed with large openings to block nilgai but allow free movement for endangered feline species. This research demonstrates how efforts to protect livestock from an exotic pest can also merge with goals of protecting endangered species in the same environment.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"62 4 1","pages":"289 - 302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83256849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. E. Palacios-Torres, D. H. Zetina, Jesús Luna-Cozar, César Ruiz-Montiel, Francisco Palemón-Alberto, J. Valdez-Carrasco, J. R. Sánchez-Pale, Álvaro Castañeda-Vildozola
Resumen. Diversas especies de curculiónidos espermatófagos incluidos en los géneros Curculio L. y Conotrachelus Dejean (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) son responsables del fenómeno denominado depredación-predispersión que afecta a las bellotas de encinos (Quercus L.: Fagaceae). Se reporta a Cholomyia inaequipes como endoparasitoide koinobionte solitario asociado con las larvas de Curculio sp., y Conotrachelus carinifer en el Estado de México. Este hallazgo contribuye al conocimiento de una nueva interacción trófica huésped-parasitoide, así como del incremento del área de distribución de Ch. inaequipes hacia el centro de México. Abstract. Spermatophagous insects such as Curculio L., and Conotrachelus Dejean (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are responsible for the phenomenon known as predation-predispersal that affects oak (Quercus L.: Fagaceae) acorns. We report Cholomyia inaequipes as a solitary koinobiont endoparasitoid associated with the larvae of Curculio sp., and Conotrachelus carinifer in the State of Mexico, Mexico. This finding contributes to knowledge of a new trophic host-parasitoid interaction, as well as updates the distribution area of Ch. inaequipes toward Central Mexico.
摘要。包括Curculio L.和Conotrachelus Dejean属(鞘翅目:Curculionidae)在内的几种食精的Curculionidae是影响橡树橡子(Quercus L.: Fagaceae)的掠食性-预扩散现象的原因。在墨西哥，Cholomyia inaequipes被报道为与Curculio sp.和Conotrachelus carinifer幼虫相关的独居内寄生蜂。这一发现有助于了解一种新的宿主-寄生蜂营养相互作用，以及墨西哥中部Ch. inaequipes分布面积的增加。Abstract。Spermatophagous insects如Curculio L,和Conotrachelus Dejean (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are responsible for the phenomenon任命predation-predispersal that affects橡木(Quercus升:Fagaceae) acorns。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的土地面积为，其中土地面积为。这一发现有助于了解一种新的营养宿主-寄生虫相互作用，并更新了Ch. inaequipes向墨西哥中部的分布区域。
{"title":"Cholomyia inaequipes Como Parasitoide de Dos Curculiónidos Asociados con Las Bellotas de Encinos en el Estado de México, México","authors":"R. E. Palacios-Torres, D. H. Zetina, Jesús Luna-Cozar, César Ruiz-Montiel, Francisco Palemón-Alberto, J. Valdez-Carrasco, J. R. Sánchez-Pale, Álvaro Castañeda-Vildozola","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0218","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen. Diversas especies de curculiónidos espermatófagos incluidos en los géneros Curculio L. y Conotrachelus Dejean (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) son responsables del fenómeno denominado depredación-predispersión que afecta a las bellotas de encinos (Quercus L.: Fagaceae). Se reporta a Cholomyia inaequipes como endoparasitoide koinobionte solitario asociado con las larvas de Curculio sp., y Conotrachelus carinifer en el Estado de México. Este hallazgo contribuye al conocimiento de una nueva interacción trófica huésped-parasitoide, así como del incremento del área de distribución de Ch. inaequipes hacia el centro de México. Abstract. Spermatophagous insects such as Curculio L., and Conotrachelus Dejean (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are responsible for the phenomenon known as predation-predispersal that affects oak (Quercus L.: Fagaceae) acorns. We report Cholomyia inaequipes as a solitary koinobiont endoparasitoid associated with the larvae of Curculio sp., and Conotrachelus carinifer in the State of Mexico, Mexico. This finding contributes to knowledge of a new trophic host-parasitoid interaction, as well as updates the distribution area of Ch. inaequipes toward Central Mexico.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"33 1","pages":"429 - 436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89897283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karla Paulina Ortiz-García, Santiago Niño-Maldonado, Arcángel Molina-Martínez, Y. G. Martínez
Resumen. El desierto chihuahuense representa una de las zonas áridas de mayor extensión e importancia de América del Norte con una gran riqueza de especies y número de endemismos, a pesar de esto el estudio de diversos grupos como los insectos aun es muy escaso. En esta investigación se evaluó la diversidad de crisomélidos presentes en zonas de Chihuahua y Durango que conforman el desierto chihuahuense mexicano. Se recolectaron 765 ejemplares pertenecientes a 55 especies, 34 géneros, nueve tribus, y seis subfamilias. Los valores de diversidad alfa reflejaron una mayor diversidad de especies en el estado de Durango, siendo Galerucinae la subfamilia con mayor riqueza y abundancia (20 especies, 331 individuos). De igual manera el análisis NMDS mostró un ordenamiento diferencial es las comunidades de crisomélidos estudiadas con 16 especies exclusivas para Chihuahua y 23 para Durango. Este estudio representa uno de los primeros reportes de diversidad de crisomélidos realizado en el Desierto Chihuahuense Mexicano. Abstract. The Chihuahuan Desert is one of the largest and most important arid zones in North America with great richness of species and number of endemisms, Despite this, study of various groups such as insects is still very scarce. In this research, diversity of chrysomelids in areas of Chihuahua and Durango that make up the Mexican Chihuahuan Desert was evaluated. In total, 765 specimens were collected, belonging to 55 species, 34 genera, nine tribes, and six subfamilies. Alpha diversity values reflected greater diversity of species in the State of Durango, with Galerucinae being the subfamily with the greatest richness and abundance (20 species, 331 individuals). Similarly, NMDS analysis showed differential ordering in chrysomelid communities studied with 16 species exclusive to Chihuahua and 23 to Durango. This study is one of the first reports of diversity of chrysomelids in the Mexican Chihuahuan Desert.
摘要。奇瓦瓦沙漠是北美最广泛和最重要的干旱地区之一，拥有丰富的物种和大量的特有种，尽管对昆虫等不同群体的研究仍然非常少。在墨西哥奇瓦瓦沙漠的奇瓦瓦和杜兰戈地区发现的温石龙子的多样性。本研究的目的是确定在墨西哥恰帕斯州(恰帕斯州)和恰帕斯州(恰帕斯州)采集的物种。结果表明，杜兰戈州的alpha多样性值较高，Galerucinae亚科的丰富度和丰度最高(20种，331个个体)。NMDS分析显示，奇瓦瓦有16种，杜兰戈有23种。这项研究是在墨西哥奇瓦瓦沙漠进行的第一次温索梅利亚多样性报告之一。Abstract。The Chihuahuan Desert is one of The largest and most important arid zones in North America with great richness of species and number of endemisms,尽管this study of解决群体如insects is still非常scarce。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该地区的总面积为，其中土地和(0.964平方公里)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查局的数据，该县的总面积为，其中土地和(1.)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该县的总面积为，其中土地和(3.064平方公里)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的总面积为，其中土地和(2.641平方公里)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该县的总面积为，其中土地和(0.964平方公里)水。
{"title":"Diversidad de Crisomélidos en el Desierto Chihuahuense Mexicano","authors":"Karla Paulina Ortiz-García, Santiago Niño-Maldonado, Arcángel Molina-Martínez, Y. G. Martínez","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0220","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen. El desierto chihuahuense representa una de las zonas áridas de mayor extensión e importancia de América del Norte con una gran riqueza de especies y número de endemismos, a pesar de esto el estudio de diversos grupos como los insectos aun es muy escaso. En esta investigación se evaluó la diversidad de crisomélidos presentes en zonas de Chihuahua y Durango que conforman el desierto chihuahuense mexicano. Se recolectaron 765 ejemplares pertenecientes a 55 especies, 34 géneros, nueve tribus, y seis subfamilias. Los valores de diversidad alfa reflejaron una mayor diversidad de especies en el estado de Durango, siendo Galerucinae la subfamilia con mayor riqueza y abundancia (20 especies, 331 individuos). De igual manera el análisis NMDS mostró un ordenamiento diferencial es las comunidades de crisomélidos estudiadas con 16 especies exclusivas para Chihuahua y 23 para Durango. Este estudio representa uno de los primeros reportes de diversidad de crisomélidos realizado en el Desierto Chihuahuense Mexicano. Abstract. The Chihuahuan Desert is one of the largest and most important arid zones in North America with great richness of species and number of endemisms, Despite this, study of various groups such as insects is still very scarce. In this research, diversity of chrysomelids in areas of Chihuahua and Durango that make up the Mexican Chihuahuan Desert was evaluated. In total, 765 specimens were collected, belonging to 55 species, 34 genera, nine tribes, and six subfamilies. Alpha diversity values reflected greater diversity of species in the State of Durango, with Galerucinae being the subfamily with the greatest richness and abundance (20 species, 331 individuals). Similarly, NMDS analysis showed differential ordering in chrysomelid communities studied with 16 species exclusive to Chihuahua and 23 to Durango. This study is one of the first reports of diversity of chrysomelids in the Mexican Chihuahuan Desert.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"1 1","pages":"445 - 456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73261149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Society of Southwestern Entomologists","authors":"","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"30 1","pages":"505 - 505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87110516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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