Note to Candidates: Thank you for your interest in Emerging Leaders! In order to be considered, all candidates must attend a mandatory Information Session on Tuesday, September 22 nd from 6:30-7:30pm in the Student Union MultiPurpose Room and complete the application below. Applications are due at the conclusion of the Information Session on 9/22 and will be provided in advance as well as during the Information Session. Candidates may come with a completed application or there will be time allocated at the Information Session for application completion. If you have questions about Emerging Leaders, please contact Ruth Policella at policera@potsdam.edu. Please indicate your responses to the questions below: 1. Below are listed the expectations of Emerging Leader members. In order to be considered you must be able to meet all these expectations. Emerging Leader New Member Expectations * Attend weekly one-hour meetings on Tuesday's from 6:30-7:30pm (2 excused & 1 unexcused absences are permitted per semester). Meetings include: leadership development workshops as well as planning for service and fundraising events.
{"title":"Application for Membership","authors":"","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0428","url":null,"abstract":"Note to Candidates: Thank you for your interest in Emerging Leaders! In order to be considered, all candidates must attend a mandatory Information Session on Tuesday, September 22 nd from 6:30-7:30pm in the Student Union MultiPurpose Room and complete the application below. Applications are due at the conclusion of the Information Session on 9/22 and will be provided in advance as well as during the Information Session. Candidates may come with a completed application or there will be time allocated at the Information Session for application completion. If you have questions about Emerging Leaders, please contact Ruth Policella at policera@potsdam.edu. Please indicate your responses to the questions below: 1. Below are listed the expectations of Emerging Leader members. In order to be considered you must be able to meet all these expectations. Emerging Leader New Member Expectations * Attend weekly one-hour meetings on Tuesday's from 6:30-7:30pm (2 excused & 1 unexcused absences are permitted per semester). Meetings include: leadership development workshops as well as planning for service and fundraising events.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"24 2","pages":"1035 - 1036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138972079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vicente Sánchez-Reyes, Styve Arellano-Rivera, Alberto Joaquín Contreras-Galindo, C. González-Acosta, F. Correa-Morales, M. Moreno-García
Abstract. The Metropolitan Zone of Mexico Valley (MZMV) in Central Mexico includes the states of Hidalgo, Mexico City, and Mexico. The MZMV is the third most populated area in the OECD. The area is free of vector-borne diseases, and information on vector mosquitoes in the MZMV area in the State of Mexico has not been reported. This study reports mosquito species in the MZMV-State of Mexico from 8 years of larval collection and ovitraps. Species collected in areas not in the MZMV of the State of Mexico are also reported. In the MZMV-State of Mexico, 11,484 mosquitoes from eight species were identified: Ae. aegypti (L.), Ae. albopictus (Skuse), Ae. epactius (Dyar and Knab), Cx. quinquefasciatus (Say), Cx. stigmatosoma (Dyar), Cx. salinarius (Coquillett), Cx. tarsalis (Coquillett) and Cs. particeps (Adams). In non-MZMV areas, 11 species were recorded; Ae. aegypti was most abundant and distributed and Ae. albopictus was at two municipalities. Reported organisms included mosquito vectors of arbovirus, suggesting potential transmission and outbreaks in the MZMV and other areas of the State of Mexico. Resumen. La Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México (ZMVM), en México Central, incluye los estados de Hidalgo, Ciudad de México, y Estado de México. La ZMVM es la tercera zona más poblada de la OCDE. El área está libre de enfermedades transmitidas por vector y nunca se ha reportado información sobre mosquitos vectores en el área de la MZMV perteneciente al Estado de México. Este estudio reporta la presencia de especies de mosquitos en la ZMVM-Estado de México detectadas en un periodo de 8 años de colecta de larvas y/o ovitrampas. Se reportan registros de especies colectadas en áreas no pertenecientes al ZMVM del Estado de México. En la ZMVM-Estado de México se identificaron 11,484 organismos de ocho especies: Ae. aegypti (L.), Ae. albopictus (Skuse), Ae. epactius (Dyar y Knab), Cx. quinquefasciatus (Say), Cx. stigmatosoma (Dyar), Cx. salinarius (Coquillett), Cx. tarsalis (Coquillett), y Cs. particeps (Adams). En zonas fuera de la ZMVM se registraron 11 especies; Ae. aegypti fue la especie más abundante y ampliamente distribuida, Ae. albopictus se encontró en dos municipios. Los organismos reportados incluyeron especies vectores de arbovirus, lo que sugiere un alto potencial de transmisión arboviral y brotes en la ZMVM y otras áreas del Estado de México.
{"title":"Vector Mosquitoes in the Metropolitan Zone of Mexico Valley and Other Urban/Semi-Urban Areas of State of Mexico: Forthcoming Threat?","authors":"Vicente Sánchez-Reyes, Styve Arellano-Rivera, Alberto Joaquín Contreras-Galindo, C. González-Acosta, F. Correa-Morales, M. Moreno-García","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0408","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Metropolitan Zone of Mexico Valley (MZMV) in Central Mexico includes the states of Hidalgo, Mexico City, and Mexico. The MZMV is the third most populated area in the OECD. The area is free of vector-borne diseases, and information on vector mosquitoes in the MZMV area in the State of Mexico has not been reported. This study reports mosquito species in the MZMV-State of Mexico from 8 years of larval collection and ovitraps. Species collected in areas not in the MZMV of the State of Mexico are also reported. In the MZMV-State of Mexico, 11,484 mosquitoes from eight species were identified: Ae. aegypti (L.), Ae. albopictus (Skuse), Ae. epactius (Dyar and Knab), Cx. quinquefasciatus (Say), Cx. stigmatosoma (Dyar), Cx. salinarius (Coquillett), Cx. tarsalis (Coquillett) and Cs. particeps (Adams). In non-MZMV areas, 11 species were recorded; Ae. aegypti was most abundant and distributed and Ae. albopictus was at two municipalities. Reported organisms included mosquito vectors of arbovirus, suggesting potential transmission and outbreaks in the MZMV and other areas of the State of Mexico. Resumen. La Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México (ZMVM), en México Central, incluye los estados de Hidalgo, Ciudad de México, y Estado de México. La ZMVM es la tercera zona más poblada de la OCDE. El área está libre de enfermedades transmitidas por vector y nunca se ha reportado información sobre mosquitos vectores en el área de la MZMV perteneciente al Estado de México. Este estudio reporta la presencia de especies de mosquitos en la ZMVM-Estado de México detectadas en un periodo de 8 años de colecta de larvas y/o ovitrampas. Se reportan registros de especies colectadas en áreas no pertenecientes al ZMVM del Estado de México. En la ZMVM-Estado de México se identificaron 11,484 organismos de ocho especies: Ae. aegypti (L.), Ae. albopictus (Skuse), Ae. epactius (Dyar y Knab), Cx. quinquefasciatus (Say), Cx. stigmatosoma (Dyar), Cx. salinarius (Coquillett), Cx. tarsalis (Coquillett), y Cs. particeps (Adams). En zonas fuera de la ZMVM se registraron 11 especies; Ae. aegypti fue la especie más abundante y ampliamente distribuida, Ae. albopictus se encontró en dos municipios. Los organismos reportados incluyeron especies vectores de arbovirus, lo que sugiere un alto potencial de transmisión arboviral y brotes en la ZMVM y otras áreas del Estado de México.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"45 1","pages":"853 - 868"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138973000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. O. Estrada-Virgen, Knut Björn Artur Däunert-Medina, C. Rios-Velasco, Gilberto Alejandro Aguilar-Pimienta, O. J. Cambero-Campos
Resumen. El Picudo del camote, Cylas formicarius (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Brentidae), es una de las principales plagas del camote (Ipomoea batatas (L. Lam.; Solanales: Convolvulaceae)) a nivel mundial. En México no hay reportes de la presencia de esta plaga asociada a este cultivo. En 2022 una población abundante fue observada alimentándose de tubérculos de camote en Nayarit, México. Este es el primer reporte de C. formicarius dañando un cultivo en México. Abstract. The sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Brentidae), is one of the main pests of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L. Lam.: Solanales: Convolvulaceae)) worldwide. There are no reports of this pest damaging crops in Mexico. In 2022 an abundant population of this insect was observed feeding on sweet potato tubers in Nayarit. This is the first report of C. formicarius damaging a crop in Mexico.
{"title":"Primer Reporte de Cylas formicarius Causando Daños a Tubérculos de Camote en Nayarit, México","authors":"M. O. Estrada-Virgen, Knut Björn Artur Däunert-Medina, C. Rios-Velasco, Gilberto Alejandro Aguilar-Pimienta, O. J. Cambero-Campos","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0425","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen. El Picudo del camote, Cylas formicarius (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Brentidae), es una de las principales plagas del camote (Ipomoea batatas (L. Lam.; Solanales: Convolvulaceae)) a nivel mundial. En México no hay reportes de la presencia de esta plaga asociada a este cultivo. En 2022 una población abundante fue observada alimentándose de tubérculos de camote en Nayarit, México. Este es el primer reporte de C. formicarius dañando un cultivo en México. Abstract. The sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Brentidae), is one of the main pests of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L. Lam.: Solanales: Convolvulaceae)) worldwide. There are no reports of this pest damaging crops in Mexico. In 2022 an abundant population of this insect was observed feeding on sweet potato tubers in Nayarit. This is the first report of C. formicarius damaging a crop in Mexico.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"152 1","pages":"1015 - 1018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138975443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mason Taylor, K. Harris‐Shultz, J. S. Armstrong, Rafael Hayashida, Dolores Morhinweg, W. Hoback
Abstract. Hedgehog grain aphid, Sipha maydis Passerini, is a key pest of many cereal crops and pasture grasses around the world. Because of potential to damage crops, wide range of host plants, and occurrence in varying climatic conditions, frequent assessments of distribution of hedgehog grain aphid are needed with documentation of hosts and assessment of genetic differentiation. Fields were sampled in 2021 and 2022 in Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming. Surveys did not detect hedgehog grain aphid in New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, and Wyoming and only found it on wild grasses in Colorado and Utah. DNA was isolated from hedgehog grain aphid samples collected between 2016 and 2022 from 11 grass hosts in Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. The 18S rDNA and translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene fragments were amplified and sequenced from each sample and no genetic variation was detected. Based on field surveys and genetic analysis, hedgehog grain aphid seems established in limited clonal populations on various wild grasses. At present, hedgehog grain aphid is not a significant threat to small grain crops in the United States, but continued monitoring is necessary because of its broad host range and potential for economic damage, as observed in Argentina. Resumen. El pulgón negro de los cereales (PNC), Sipha maydis Passerini, se considera como plaga clave en muchos cereales y pastizales alrededor del mundo. Debido a su daño potential, el amplio rango de hospedantes y su presencia en varios climas, se requieren evaluaciones constantes sobre su uso actual de plantas, y que incluya además su diferenciación genética. Muestras del campo en 2021 y 2022 en varios estados, incluidos Oklahoma, Wyoming, Nuevo México, Texas, Colorado, y Utah, revelaron que el PNC no se encontró en Oklahoma, Wyoming, Nuevo México, o Texas, y solo se encontró en pastos nativos en Colorado y Utah. Se aisló ADN de muestras del PNC que fueron colectadas entre 2016 y 2022 en Colorado, Nuevo México, y Utah de 11 pastos. El alargamiento de la traducción del rADN 18S del factor 1-alfa de fragmentos de genes fueron amplificados y secuenciados en cada muestra y no se detectó variación genética. Las muestras del campo y el análisis genético indican que el PNC parece estar establecido en poblaciónes clonales reducidas en varios pastos silvestres. En este momento el PNC no presenta un riesgo significativo para los cerelaes en Estados Unidos, pero es necesario continuar su monitoreo debido a su amplio rango de hospedantes y su daño económico potencial, como se ha observado en Argentina.
{"title":"Distribution, Host Range Expansion, and Genetic Diversity of Hedgehog Grain Aphid in the Central United States","authors":"Mason Taylor, K. Harris‐Shultz, J. S. Armstrong, Rafael Hayashida, Dolores Morhinweg, W. Hoback","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0401","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Hedgehog grain aphid, Sipha maydis Passerini, is a key pest of many cereal crops and pasture grasses around the world. Because of potential to damage crops, wide range of host plants, and occurrence in varying climatic conditions, frequent assessments of distribution of hedgehog grain aphid are needed with documentation of hosts and assessment of genetic differentiation. Fields were sampled in 2021 and 2022 in Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming. Surveys did not detect hedgehog grain aphid in New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, and Wyoming and only found it on wild grasses in Colorado and Utah. DNA was isolated from hedgehog grain aphid samples collected between 2016 and 2022 from 11 grass hosts in Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. The 18S rDNA and translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene fragments were amplified and sequenced from each sample and no genetic variation was detected. Based on field surveys and genetic analysis, hedgehog grain aphid seems established in limited clonal populations on various wild grasses. At present, hedgehog grain aphid is not a significant threat to small grain crops in the United States, but continued monitoring is necessary because of its broad host range and potential for economic damage, as observed in Argentina. Resumen. El pulgón negro de los cereales (PNC), Sipha maydis Passerini, se considera como plaga clave en muchos cereales y pastizales alrededor del mundo. Debido a su daño potential, el amplio rango de hospedantes y su presencia en varios climas, se requieren evaluaciones constantes sobre su uso actual de plantas, y que incluya además su diferenciación genética. Muestras del campo en 2021 y 2022 en varios estados, incluidos Oklahoma, Wyoming, Nuevo México, Texas, Colorado, y Utah, revelaron que el PNC no se encontró en Oklahoma, Wyoming, Nuevo México, o Texas, y solo se encontró en pastos nativos en Colorado y Utah. Se aisló ADN de muestras del PNC que fueron colectadas entre 2016 y 2022 en Colorado, Nuevo México, y Utah de 11 pastos. El alargamiento de la traducción del rADN 18S del factor 1-alfa de fragmentos de genes fueron amplificados y secuenciados en cada muestra y no se detectó variación genética. Las muestras del campo y el análisis genético indican que el PNC parece estar establecido en poblaciónes clonales reducidas en varios pastos silvestres. En este momento el PNC no presenta un riesgo significativo para los cerelaes en Estados Unidos, pero es necesario continuar su monitoreo debido a su amplio rango de hospedantes y su daño económico potencial, como se ha observado en Argentina.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"8 3","pages":"757 - 770"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138971923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Subject Index to Volume 48","authors":"","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"4 5","pages":"1019 - 1028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138972848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Karen Serrano-Domínguez, M. B. González-Maldonado, M. Correa-Ramírez
Resumen. Se realizó un análisis morfométrico de parasitoides del género Meteorus colectados en tres localidades de Durango, para conocer su especie, debido a la complejidad en la identificación morfológica y su comparación genética en el gen bank® (no existen secuencias de M. arizonensis con quien comparar). Para lo cual, se registró la variación fenotípica, se calcularon proporciones morfométricas y se realizó una reconstrucción filogenética mediante el método de inferencia bayesiana. El análisis morfométrico permitió formar dos grupos, correspondientes a machos y hembras, independientemente del color de su cuerpo, además se observó un solapamiento en las medidas de sus proporciones, lo que indicó que las diferencias son dependientes del sexo de los especímenes. Respecto al marcador genético COI ADNm, los ejemplares provenientes de Durango, independientemente del color y del patrón de coloración de éste, conformaron un sólo grupo filogenético, con una variación genética entre 0 y 0.8%. Lo anterior indica que, en Durango se encuentra una sola especie de parasitoides del género Meteorus, con una fuerte variación de color que, al parecer, no responde a diferencias taxonómicas o geográficas. Abstract. A morphometric analysis of parasitoids of the genus Meteorus at three locations in Durango, Mexico was done to identify the species, because complexity in morphological identification and genetic comparison in Gene bank® (there is no M. arizonensis sequence with which to compare). Phenotypic variation was recorded, morphometric proportions were calculated, and phylogenetic reconstruction was done using the Bayesian inference method. Morphometric analysis allowed us to form two groups, corresponding to males and females, regardless of their body color. In addition, overlap was observed in measurements of their proportions, which indicated differences are dependent on the sex of the specimens. Regarding the COI DNAm genetic marker, the specimens from Durango, regardless of their color and color pattern, formed a single phylogenetic group, with genetic variation between 0 and 0.8%. This indicated that in Durango, only one species of parasitoids of the genus Meteorus was found, with a strong color variation that, apparently, does not respond to taxonomic or geographical differences.
摘要由于形态鉴定和 bank® 基因的遗传比较非常复杂（没有 M. arizonensis 的序列可作比较），因此对在杜兰戈州三个地方采集的 Meteorus 属寄生虫进行了形态计量分析，以了解其种类。为此，我们记录了表型变化，计算了形态比例，并使用贝叶斯推断法进行了系统发育重建。通过形态分析，我们可以将雌性和雄性划分为两组，与体色无关。 此外，我们还观察到它们的比例测量值存在重叠，这表明差异与标本的性别有关。在遗传标记 COI mDNA 方面，来自杜兰戈的标本，无论其颜色和肤色模式如何，都形成了一个单一的系统发生群，遗传变异在 0 至 0.8%之间。这表明，在杜兰戈只发现了 Meteorus 属的一种寄生虫，其颜色变化很大，显然与分类学或地理差异无关。摘要对墨西哥杜兰戈三个地点的 Meteorus 属寄生虫进行了形态计量分析，以确定其种类，因为形态鉴定和基因库®中的基因比较非常复杂（没有 M. arizonensis 序列可与之比较）。我们记录了表型变异，计算了形态比例，并使用贝叶斯推断法进行了系统发育重建。通过形态计量分析，我们可以将雌雄两类动物（不论体色如何）分成两组。此外，在测量它们的比例时也发现了重叠，这表明差异取决于标本的性别。在 COI DNAm 遗传标记方面，来自杜兰戈的标本，无论其体色和颜色模式如何，都形成了一个单一的系统发生群，遗传变异在 0 至 0.8%之间。这表明，在杜兰戈只发现了 Meteorus 属的一种寄生虫，其颜色变化很大，显然与分类学或地理差异无关。
{"title":"Variación Morfométrica Entre Meteorus laphygmae y Meteorus arizonensis en Durango, México","authors":"Ana Karen Serrano-Domínguez, M. B. González-Maldonado, M. Correa-Ramírez","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0419","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen. Se realizó un análisis morfométrico de parasitoides del género Meteorus colectados en tres localidades de Durango, para conocer su especie, debido a la complejidad en la identificación morfológica y su comparación genética en el gen bank® (no existen secuencias de M. arizonensis con quien comparar). Para lo cual, se registró la variación fenotípica, se calcularon proporciones morfométricas y se realizó una reconstrucción filogenética mediante el método de inferencia bayesiana. El análisis morfométrico permitió formar dos grupos, correspondientes a machos y hembras, independientemente del color de su cuerpo, además se observó un solapamiento en las medidas de sus proporciones, lo que indicó que las diferencias son dependientes del sexo de los especímenes. Respecto al marcador genético COI ADNm, los ejemplares provenientes de Durango, independientemente del color y del patrón de coloración de éste, conformaron un sólo grupo filogenético, con una variación genética entre 0 y 0.8%. Lo anterior indica que, en Durango se encuentra una sola especie de parasitoides del género Meteorus, con una fuerte variación de color que, al parecer, no responde a diferencias taxonómicas o geográficas. Abstract. A morphometric analysis of parasitoids of the genus Meteorus at three locations in Durango, Mexico was done to identify the species, because complexity in morphological identification and genetic comparison in Gene bank® (there is no M. arizonensis sequence with which to compare). Phenotypic variation was recorded, morphometric proportions were calculated, and phylogenetic reconstruction was done using the Bayesian inference method. Morphometric analysis allowed us to form two groups, corresponding to males and females, regardless of their body color. In addition, overlap was observed in measurements of their proportions, which indicated differences are dependent on the sex of the specimens. Regarding the COI DNAm genetic marker, the specimens from Durango, regardless of their color and color pattern, formed a single phylogenetic group, with genetic variation between 0 and 0.8%. This indicated that in Durango, only one species of parasitoids of the genus Meteorus was found, with a strong color variation that, apparently, does not respond to taxonomic or geographical differences.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"24 7","pages":"971 - 980"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139002963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edgar Jesús Delgado-Nuñez, Gabriel Flores-Franco, Orthon Ricardo Vargas-Cardoso, Blanca Esthela Álvarez-Fernández, Erubiel Toledo-Hernández, Sofia Miranda-Juárez, Luz Janet Tagle-Emigdio, César Sotelo-Leyva
Resumen. El pulgón del sorgo, Melanaphis sorghi Theobald, 1904 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), es la plaga más importante del sorgo, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), en México. Para su control se usan insecticidas sintéticos, y nuevas alternativas exploran el uso de insecticidas botánicos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto insecticida del extracto de n-hexano y metanol de tallos de Ceiba aesculifolia (Malvaceae) contra adultos ápteros de M. sorghi in vitro. El extracto de n-hexano de C. aesculifolia produjo una mortalidad del 78%, y el extracto de metanol 48% a 10,000 ppm en 72 h. El tratamiento imidacloprid produjo una mortalidad del 100% en las primeras 24 h, y el control (Tween 20) 4% en 72 h. El estudio de Gases-Masas del extracto de n-hexano de C. aesculifolia identificó 12 compuestos químicos, siendo el nonacosano el mayoritario (25.1%). Las pruebas fitoquímicas clásicas del extracto de metanol de C. aesculifolia, resultaron positivas para alcaloides, taninos, saponinas, antracenos, triterpenos, y esteroides. Los extractos de C. aesculifolia presentaron efectos insecticidas importantes, y podrían ser considerados como una alternativa para el control de M. sorghi. Abstract. The sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sorghi Theobald, 1904 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is the most important pest of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), in Mexico. Control of M. sorghi depends primarily on synthetic chemical insecticides, but new alternatives have been explored, such as botanical insecticides. The objective of this research was to evaluate the aphidicide effect of the extract of nhexane and methanol from stems of Ceiba aesculifolia (Malvaceae) against apterous adults in M. sorghi in vitro. The results revealed that n-hexane extract of C. aesculifolia killed 78% and methanol extract 48% at 10,000 ppm in 72 hours. The positive check (imidacloprid) eliminated 100% of the aphids in 24 hours and the negative check (Tween 20) 4% in 72 hours. The Gas-Mass study of n-hexane extract of C. aesculifolia identified 12 chemical compounds, nonacosane being most (25.1%). The classical phytochemical tests of the methanol extract of C. aesculifolia were positive for alkaloids, tannins, saponins, anthracenes, triterpenes, and steroids. The extracts of C. aesculifolia had significant aphidicide effects and could be considered an alternative for controlling M. sorghi.
{"title":"Perfil Fitoquímico de Extractos de Tallos de Ceiba aesculifolia1 y su Efecto Insecticida Contra Melanaphis sorghi1","authors":"Edgar Jesús Delgado-Nuñez, Gabriel Flores-Franco, Orthon Ricardo Vargas-Cardoso, Blanca Esthela Álvarez-Fernández, Erubiel Toledo-Hernández, Sofia Miranda-Juárez, Luz Janet Tagle-Emigdio, César Sotelo-Leyva","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0317","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen. El pulgón del sorgo, Melanaphis sorghi Theobald, 1904 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), es la plaga más importante del sorgo, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), en México. Para su control se usan insecticidas sintéticos, y nuevas alternativas exploran el uso de insecticidas botánicos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto insecticida del extracto de n-hexano y metanol de tallos de Ceiba aesculifolia (Malvaceae) contra adultos ápteros de M. sorghi in vitro. El extracto de n-hexano de C. aesculifolia produjo una mortalidad del 78%, y el extracto de metanol 48% a 10,000 ppm en 72 h. El tratamiento imidacloprid produjo una mortalidad del 100% en las primeras 24 h, y el control (Tween 20) 4% en 72 h. El estudio de Gases-Masas del extracto de n-hexano de C. aesculifolia identificó 12 compuestos químicos, siendo el nonacosano el mayoritario (25.1%). Las pruebas fitoquímicas clásicas del extracto de metanol de C. aesculifolia, resultaron positivas para alcaloides, taninos, saponinas, antracenos, triterpenos, y esteroides. Los extractos de C. aesculifolia presentaron efectos insecticidas importantes, y podrían ser considerados como una alternativa para el control de M. sorghi. Abstract. The sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sorghi Theobald, 1904 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is the most important pest of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), in Mexico. Control of M. sorghi depends primarily on synthetic chemical insecticides, but new alternatives have been explored, such as botanical insecticides. The objective of this research was to evaluate the aphidicide effect of the extract of nhexane and methanol from stems of Ceiba aesculifolia (Malvaceae) against apterous adults in M. sorghi in vitro. The results revealed that n-hexane extract of C. aesculifolia killed 78% and methanol extract 48% at 10,000 ppm in 72 hours. The positive check (imidacloprid) eliminated 100% of the aphids in 24 hours and the negative check (Tween 20) 4% in 72 hours. The Gas-Mass study of n-hexane extract of C. aesculifolia identified 12 chemical compounds, nonacosane being most (25.1%). The classical phytochemical tests of the methanol extract of C. aesculifolia were positive for alkaloids, tannins, saponins, anthracenes, triterpenes, and steroids. The extracts of C. aesculifolia had significant aphidicide effects and could be considered an alternative for controlling M. sorghi.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135480844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José Martínez-Ortega, Andrea Luna-Sámano, Héctor González-Hernández
Este es un nuevo reporte geográfico de Stenoma catenifer Waslingham alimentándose en Persea schiedeana Nees en áreas de vegetación natural cercanas a huertos de frutas pequeñas en Hueytamalco, Puebla, México. La fruta de P. schiedeana que puede estar infestada es vendida en los mercados locales. Este reporte sugiere la implementación de regulaciones fitosanitarias para reducir el riesgo del establecimiento de esta plaga en zonas libres de ella, donde el aguacate ‘Hass’ se cultiva.
{"title":"New Record of Stenoma Catenifer1 at Hueytamalco, Puebla, Mexico","authors":"José Martínez-Ortega, Andrea Luna-Sámano, Héctor González-Hernández","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0327","url":null,"abstract":"Este es un nuevo reporte geográfico de Stenoma catenifer Waslingham alimentándose en Persea schiedeana Nees en áreas de vegetación natural cercanas a huertos de frutas pequeñas en Hueytamalco, Puebla, México. La fruta de P. schiedeana que puede estar infestada es vendida en los mercados locales. Este reporte sugiere la implementación de regulaciones fitosanitarias para reducir el riesgo del establecimiento de esta plaga en zonas libres de ella, donde el aguacate ‘Hass’ se cultiva.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Seasonal abundance and spatial dispersion pattern of the sorghum aphid, Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald), were studied on grain sorghum hybrids ‘DK-54’ and ‘Mezquite’ at different phenological stages (vegetative, flowering, and grain filling) and growing seasons (spring and fall) in northeastern México from 2014 to 2017. Sorghum aphid was significantly more abundant on ‘DK-54’, vegetative-flowering, 3-5 leaves, and fall, with a maximum average of 1,096 aphids per leaf. Regardless of hybrid, phenological stage, growing season, and leaf position, Taylor’s power law indicated the sorghum aphid had an aggregated dispersion pattern (b > 1). However, aggregation of M. sorghi was significantly greater in ‘Mezquite’ and spring compared to ‘DK-54’ and fall. Parameters obtained from Taylor’s models were used to calculate the number of samples required for a precision level (p = 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) and population density (25, 50, 100, 200 aphids per leaf). For IPM decision making, a maximum sample size of 20 plants seemed adequate for a wide range of M. sorghi densities. Resumen. Se determinó la abundancia estacional y patrón de dispersión espacial del pulgón amarillo Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald) en los híbridos de sorgo ‘DK-54’ y ‘Mezquite’ en diferentes etapas fenológicas (vegetativa, floración, y llenado del grano) y ciclos de producción (primavera y otoño) en el noreste de México desde 2014 a 2017. El pulgón amarillo fué significativamente más abundante en ‘DK-54’, etapas vegetativa-floración, hojas 3-5 y durante otoño, con un promedio máximo de 1,096 pulgones por hoja. Independientemente del híbrido, etapá fenológica, ciclo de producción, y número de hoja, la ecuación de Taylor indicó que el pulgón amarillo del sorgo manifestó un patrón de dispersión espacial agregaga (b > 1). Sin embargo, el grado de agregación de M. sorghi fue significativamente mayor en ‘Mezquite’ y primavera, comparado con ‘DK-54’ y otoño. Los parámetros obtenidos de la ecuación de Taylor se utilizaron para estimar el número de muestras requeridas para diferentes niveles de precisión (p = 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) y densidades (25, 50, 100, 200 pulgones por hoja). Con fines prácticos para la toma de decisiones, se determinó que una muestra de 20 plantas es suficiente para una amplia gama de densidades de M. sorghi.
{"title":"Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Melanaphis sorghi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Grain Sorghum in Northeastern Mexico","authors":"Luis A. Rodríguez-del-Bosque","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0301","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Seasonal abundance and spatial dispersion pattern of the sorghum aphid, Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald), were studied on grain sorghum hybrids ‘DK-54’ and ‘Mezquite’ at different phenological stages (vegetative, flowering, and grain filling) and growing seasons (spring and fall) in northeastern México from 2014 to 2017. Sorghum aphid was significantly more abundant on ‘DK-54’, vegetative-flowering, 3-5 leaves, and fall, with a maximum average of 1,096 aphids per leaf. Regardless of hybrid, phenological stage, growing season, and leaf position, Taylor’s power law indicated the sorghum aphid had an aggregated dispersion pattern (b > 1). However, aggregation of M. sorghi was significantly greater in ‘Mezquite’ and spring compared to ‘DK-54’ and fall. Parameters obtained from Taylor’s models were used to calculate the number of samples required for a precision level (p = 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) and population density (25, 50, 100, 200 aphids per leaf). For IPM decision making, a maximum sample size of 20 plants seemed adequate for a wide range of M. sorghi densities. Resumen. Se determinó la abundancia estacional y patrón de dispersión espacial del pulgón amarillo Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald) en los híbridos de sorgo ‘DK-54’ y ‘Mezquite’ en diferentes etapas fenológicas (vegetativa, floración, y llenado del grano) y ciclos de producción (primavera y otoño) en el noreste de México desde 2014 a 2017. El pulgón amarillo fué significativamente más abundante en ‘DK-54’, etapas vegetativa-floración, hojas 3-5 y durante otoño, con un promedio máximo de 1,096 pulgones por hoja. Independientemente del híbrido, etapá fenológica, ciclo de producción, y número de hoja, la ecuación de Taylor indicó que el pulgón amarillo del sorgo manifestó un patrón de dispersión espacial agregaga (b > 1). Sin embargo, el grado de agregación de M. sorghi fue significativamente mayor en ‘Mezquite’ y primavera, comparado con ‘DK-54’ y otoño. Los parámetros obtenidos de la ecuación de Taylor se utilizaron para estimar el número de muestras requeridas para diferentes niveles de precisión (p = 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) y densidades (25, 50, 100, 200 pulgones por hoja). Con fines prácticos para la toma de decisiones, se determinó que una muestra de 20 plantas es suficiente para una amplia gama de densidades de M. sorghi.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"438 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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