Social Indicators Research最新文献

The outcome of economic growth is visualised as the well-being of citizens or human well-being (HWB). However, it has been a great challenge to measure HWB. Though there are known reasons for considering GDP and its growth as a measure of overall development and progress of nations, yet mostly it is being used as a gospel indicator to compare nations and design appropriate policies. This paper is an effort to develop a comprehensive adjusted GDP to measure HWB through secondary data for thirty years (1990–91 to 2019–20) in India. We make thirty-five adjustments to net national income (NNI) to compute the adjusted national income (ANI) index based on the system analysis approach. The empirical findings show that the gap between NNI and ANI has been growing over time, and the ANI index shows an increasing trend. Through the analysis it is suggested that economic growth should be focused only if it improves HWB (full or partial). The paper attempts to make intervention into policy shift for improving HWB vis-à-vis happiness of people.

People with disabilities are at a higher risk of loss of work, salary, independence, and thus economic self-sufficiency. The research focuses on the possibilities of implementing the inclusive organizational behavior (IOB) concept in terms of increasing employment of people with disabilities by increasing the scope of remote working for people from this group. The research concerns two aspects related to the challenges for IOB in this area: examining the factors on the side of the employee with special emphasis on features that are important from the perspective of performing remote work, and showing the significance and importance of IOB as an element for narrowing the disability employment gap (DEG) and increasing the inclusion of people with disabilities through their employment (including remote employment). The study uses a macroeconomic approach and was carried out on a macro scale using aggregated data for European Union countries. The regression analysis method (multiple linear regression) was used in the research. The results of the research confirmed the different predictors (in the group of examined factors) of the employment rate in groups of persons with and without a disability. In the first stage of the research, significant predictor was found for the employment rate among the group of factors on the side of the employee that influence the remote work of people with a disability—this was the basic or above basic overall digital skills. However, in the group of people without a disability the predictor was found to be the level of education. Expanding the set of previous factors to the disability employment gap in the second stage of the research changed the significant predictor of the employment rate in the group of people with a disability, but did not change the predictor in the group of people without a disability. In the second stage, the significant predictor of the employment rate proved to be the disability employment gap (among others influenced by inclusive organizational behavior) in the case of people with a disability, and—similarly to the first stage – level of education in the case of people without a disability.

Abstract

This paper evaluates the potential of a common unemployment insurance scheme for the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU-UI) to improve income protection of atypical workers, namely those in part-time and temporary contracts. Our approach relies on simulating entitlements to national unemployment insurance and the EMU-UI to assess their effects on the household disposable income of atypical workers in the event of unemployment. Our results show that the introduction of an EMU-UI would reduce coverage gaps and increase net replacement rates, especially for atypical workers, and would protect a large share of the workforce against the risk of poverty. Extending eligibility for the EMU-UI to the self-employed would further improve income protection, reducing their risk of falling into poverty in the event of unemployment.

With the advancement of urbanization, urban agglomerations have become a main carrier of China’s development. As the ultimate stage of urban agglomeration, the realization of urban agglomeration integration (UAI) plays a dominant role in regional prosperity. Appropriate evaluation of UAI could monitor the integration level and guide its coordinated development. However, little attention has been paid to UAI evaluation research. To this end, this study proposes a comprehensive evaluation model to investigate UAI via the entropy method blended with TOPSIS. Furthermore, utilizing grey relational analysis (GRA), critical dimensions of UAI are also identified to provide concrete evidence. Finally, the proposed model is applied to evaluate the UAI of the Pearl River Delta (PRD), and the main results are as follows: (1) The development trend of the overall UAI in the PRD has increased in fluctuation during the research period, achieving a "good" degree; (2) Except for the policy measures integration (0.882), the integration values for other dimensions are in the range of 0.6 to 0.8 in 2020, reflecting a fairly high level; (3) The infrastructure integration has a major effect on UAI. These findings are favorable in providing references for understanding the current situation of UAI in China, which are of considerable practical significance.

Abstract

This work pursues two theoretical objectives: first, the instrumental one: to report on a "Referential Pattern of Universal Values (RPUV)" that allows simple mathematical formulations on certain basic concepts in Sociology; and second, the finalist: to propose, in the light of these formulations, a new "Human Development Index (HDI)" that can replace that of the United Nations and other organizations. This second objective will be based on three precise criticisms: first, because the known indices are limited to the sum of a few indicators, but they do not contemplate the totality of "needs and values" required in the RPUV; second, because the said sum does not reflect the internal imbalance between the indicators; and third, because it could be a quotient by incorporating the “export of arms” as a highly undesirable fact for humanity in the denominator. It will be easy therefore to see the fundamental role that the RPUV fulfills.

It is often taken for granted that social cohesion and volunteering are inextricably related. Previous research suggests both that social cohesion creates a conducive environment for volunteering to emerge and that volunteering itself facilitates feelings of social cohesion. Despite this, much of the existing evidence on this relationship is limited to cross-sectional research that precludes any assessment of potential causality. In this paper we present a secondary analysis of two large scale and longitudinal social surveys in the UK: the Understanding Society Household Longitudinal Study and the Beyond Us and Them project. Using data from these surveys we estimate a cross-lagged longitudinal model to assess the causal relationships between social cohesion and volunteering over time. Across both data sources, involving different time intervals, we find significant cross-lagged bi-directional relationships between social cohesion and volunteering. These findings provide much needed empirical support for the proposition that social cohesion and volunteering are causally related over periods of both months and years. Implications for theory and policy are discussed.

A personal brand is represented as promoting skills, experience, and career goals to other professionals. The business process of the internet as the media for information and communication technology is known as e-trade which encourages the display of creation on e-trade sites or digital markets as cost-efficient. It makes brands hard to follow the suggestions due to their vagueness and is an obstacle to estimating efficiency. Thus, this study stripped the personal brand down as well as integrated social transparency theory to develop a unique framework evaluating how social transparency factors affect the personal brand which is highlighted to audiences. A survey was performed based on audiences’ responses to posts and active audiences from Facebook and Instagram, and applied SEM to build the proposed model. The empirical results showed content and interaction transparency were significantly related to competency, standards, and relationship commitment. Identity transparency was found to have a negligible relationship with competency, standards, and relationship commitment. This study also researches brand ethics and brand research methods from the ethical perspective. The contributions of this study are twofold. First, the proposed framework provides a new view of evaluating personal brands in social networks in depth, which encourages more theory development in this area. Second, the empirical results clarified the association between the factors of social transparency and personal brand. The effective methods of improving personal brands were discussed for practitioners.