Никола Аксовић, Филип Милановић, Дејан Николић, Maria Cristina Man, Laishram Santosh Singh
Blood lactate level and heart rate are the most frequently measured physiological responses of basketball players during a game. The aim of the systematic review of the current literature was to examine the concentration of lactate during a basketball game, as well as to determine the concentration of lactate according to player position, level of play, geographical location and gender during the game. Time comparisons in separate studies revealed that lactate concentration was significantly lower in the second half than in the first. Professional players achieve higher lactate concentrations compared to semi-professional players. In addition, intrinsic and matching factors may contribute to the observed player variation, including the intensity of play prior to blood sampling, as well as the physiological preparation of the player's test sample. Blood lactate concentration is higher in Australian basketball players than in Tunisians, Spanish and British basketball players. Further research should quantify lactate concentration and heart rate in relation to active and total playing time, which is a recommendation for future researchers.
{"title":"BLOOD LACTATE CONCENTRATION DURING A BASKETBALL MATCH","authors":"Никола Аксовић, Филип Милановић, Дејан Николић, Maria Cristina Man, Laishram Santosh Singh","doi":"10.7251/siz2201091a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/siz2201091a","url":null,"abstract":"Blood lactate level and heart rate are the most frequently measured physiological responses of basketball players during a game. The aim of the systematic review of the current literature was to examine the concentration of lactate during a basketball game, as well as to determine the concentration of lactate according to player position, level of play, geographical location and gender during the game. Time comparisons in separate studies revealed that lactate concentration was significantly lower in the second half than in the first. Professional players achieve higher lactate concentrations compared to semi-professional players. In addition, intrinsic and matching factors may contribute to the observed player variation, including the intensity of play prior to blood sampling, as well as the physiological preparation of the player's test sample. Blood lactate concentration is higher in Australian basketball players than in Tunisians, Spanish and British basketball players. Further research should quantify lactate concentration and heart rate in relation to active and total playing time, which is a recommendation for future researchers.","PeriodicalId":21958,"journal":{"name":"SPORT I ZDRAVLJE","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90240685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cilj ovog istraživanje bio je da se utvrde efekti desetonedeljnog trenažnog programa ”Street” plesova na telesnu kompoziciju kod studentkinja. Uzorak je sačinjavalo 54 ispitanica uzrasta od 19 do 24 godine. Ispitanice su bile podeljene na eksperimentalnu grupu (n=27) koja je primenjivala trenažni program i kontrolnu grupu (n=27). Eksperimentalna grupa je primenjivala desetonedeljni plesni program “Street” plesova (Hip Hop i Dancehall) tri puta nedeljno po 90 min. Kontrolna grupa nije imala nikakve organizovane vidove fizičke aktivnosti osim svakodnevnih aktivnosti. Telesna kompozicija ispitanica je procenjena metodom bioimpedance uz pomoć aparata InBody 770 pre i posle završetka trenažnog programa. Procenjivani su sledeći parametri: masna masa celog tela (BF%); masna masa gornjih ekstremiteta (BF% Upper); masna masa donjih ekstremiteta (BF% Lower); skeletna mišićna masa celog tela (SMMAPS); bezmasna masa gornjih ekstremiteta (FFM Upper); bezmasna masa donjih ekstremiteta (FFM Lower). Rezultati na kraju trenažnog programa su pokazali da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u telesnoj kompoziciji između eksperimentalne i kontrolne grupe. Iako razlike nisu statistički značajne, eksperimentalna grupa je postigla bolje rezultate na svim testovima procene telesne kompozicije, odnosno postoje numeričke razlike u primenjenim varijablama u korist eksperimentalne grupe. Zaključuje se da trenažni program “Street” plesova u trajanju od deset nedelja nije efikasan u poboljšanju telesne kompozicije kod studentkinja.
{"title":"EFEKTI TRENAŽNOG PROGRAMA “STREET” PLESOVA NA TELESNU KOMPOZICIJU KOD STUDENTKINJA","authors":"D. Stosic, Slavoljub Uzunovic","doi":"10.7251/siz2201053s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/siz2201053s","url":null,"abstract":"Cilj ovog istraživanje bio je da se utvrde efekti desetonedeljnog trenažnog programa ”Street” plesova na telesnu kompoziciju kod studentkinja. Uzorak je sačinjavalo 54 ispitanica uzrasta od 19 do 24 godine. Ispitanice su bile podeljene na eksperimentalnu grupu (n=27) koja je primenjivala trenažni program i kontrolnu grupu (n=27). Eksperimentalna grupa je primenjivala desetonedeljni plesni program “Street” plesova (Hip Hop i Dancehall) tri puta nedeljno po 90 min. Kontrolna grupa nije imala nikakve organizovane vidove fizičke aktivnosti osim svakodnevnih aktivnosti. Telesna kompozicija ispitanica je procenjena metodom bioimpedance uz pomoć aparata InBody 770 pre i posle završetka trenažnog programa. Procenjivani su sledeći parametri: masna masa celog tela (BF%); masna masa gornjih ekstremiteta (BF% Upper); masna masa donjih ekstremiteta (BF% Lower); skeletna mišićna masa celog tela (SMMAPS); bezmasna masa gornjih ekstremiteta (FFM Upper); bezmasna masa donjih ekstremiteta (FFM Lower). Rezultati na kraju trenažnog programa su pokazali da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u telesnoj kompoziciji između eksperimentalne i kontrolne grupe. Iako razlike nisu statistički značajne, eksperimentalna grupa je postigla bolje rezultate na svim testovima procene telesne kompozicije, odnosno postoje numeričke razlike u primenjenim varijablama u korist eksperimentalne grupe. Zaključuje se da trenažni program “Street” plesova u trajanju od deset nedelja nije efikasan u poboljšanju telesne kompozicije kod studentkinja.","PeriodicalId":21958,"journal":{"name":"SPORT I ZDRAVLJE","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82610443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guillermo López-García, Carlos Castellar-Otín, C. Peñarrubia-Lozano, Miguel Ángel Ortega-Zayas
Sve veći status ultra-trail trka zbog porasta broja trka i učesnika na ovakvim manifestacijama privukao je pažnju i interesovanje naučne zajednice. Ovo istraživanje je sprovedeno u ultra-trail trci (108km udaljenosti i 5800m akumulirane strmine). Učesnici su bili podijeljeni na takmičare amaterskog nivoa (n=10; 43,30±4,52 godina) ili takmičare naprednog nivoa (n=10; 41,40±6,19 godina). Neuromuskularni odgovor (skok iz čučnja, skok iz čučnja s pripremom i Abalakov skok) je ocjenjivan prije i nakon trke. Prije trke svim učesnicima je dodijeljen upitnik kako bi se utvrdilo iskustvo, bazalni parametri i obim treninga. Cilj ovog istraživanja je a) da se utvrdi uticaj obima treninga izraženog u satima sedmično (HS) i porast visine (D) u finalnom vremenu trke; b) da se utvrdi uticaj obima treninga na gubitak snage donjeg dijela tijela nakon ultra-trail trke. Utvrđujemo hipotezu da oni trkači koji imaju manji obim treninga provode duže vremena u završetku trke i da imaju veći gubitak snage donjeg dijela tijela. Finalno vrijeme trke i gubitak snage donjeg dijela tijela bili su manji u grupi visokog nivoa. Iako nisu pronađeni značajni rezultati (p0,05).
{"title":"EFEKTI OBIMA TRENINGA U ZAVRŠNOM VREMENU TRKE I NEUROMUSKULARNA FUNKCIJA KOD ULTRA TRAIL TRKAČA","authors":"Guillermo López-García, Carlos Castellar-Otín, C. Peñarrubia-Lozano, Miguel Ángel Ortega-Zayas","doi":"10.7251/siz2201063l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/siz2201063l","url":null,"abstract":"Sve veći status ultra-trail trka zbog porasta broja trka i učesnika na ovakvim manifestacijama privukao je pažnju i interesovanje naučne zajednice. Ovo istraživanje je sprovedeno u ultra-trail trci (108km udaljenosti i 5800m akumulirane strmine). Učesnici su bili podijeljeni na takmičare amaterskog nivoa (n=10; 43,30±4,52 godina) ili takmičare naprednog nivoa (n=10; 41,40±6,19 godina). Neuromuskularni odgovor (skok iz čučnja, skok iz čučnja s pripremom i Abalakov skok) je ocjenjivan prije i nakon trke. Prije trke svim učesnicima je dodijeljen upitnik kako bi se utvrdilo iskustvo, bazalni parametri i obim treninga. Cilj ovog istraživanja je a) da se utvrdi uticaj obima treninga izraženog u satima sedmično (HS) i porast visine (D) u finalnom vremenu trke; b) da se utvrdi uticaj obima treninga na gubitak snage donjeg dijela tijela nakon ultra-trail trke. Utvrđujemo hipotezu da oni trkači koji imaju manji obim treninga provode duže vremena u završetku trke i da imaju veći gubitak snage donjeg dijela tijela. Finalno vrijeme trke i gubitak snage donjeg dijela tijela bili su manji u grupi visokog nivoa. Iako nisu pronađeni značajni rezultati (p0,05).","PeriodicalId":21958,"journal":{"name":"SPORT I ZDRAVLJE","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77897211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) appeared as a replacement for long-term exercise programs, primarily continuous aerobic exercise in adults, while in adolescents it represents a more natural way of exercise, unlike traditional moderate-intensity exercise. The aim of this systematic review is to examine the impact of high-intensity interval training in elementary school students, based on the collected data and analyzed research. The literature search was performed using the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, DOAJ, MEDLINE. After a detailed analysis, 11 studies met the set criteria and were included in the systematic review. The results indicate that HIIT for a duration of 12 weeks gives statistically significant results in reducing body weight and visceral fat, lowering arterial blood pressure, reducing BMI and increasing VO2max and improving fitness parameters of children. HIIT is an effective way of improving various fitness parameters and health conditions in a school population, with our review research indicating significant improvements in body composition parameters, fitness parameters as well as cardiovascular disease compared to a non-exercising control group.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF HIGH INTENSIVE INTERVAL TRAINING ON STUDENTS","authors":"Jovana Muminović, Radomir Pržulj, Rade Jovanović","doi":"10.7251/siz2201114m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/siz2201114m","url":null,"abstract":"High-intensity interval training (HIIT) appeared as a replacement for long-term exercise programs, primarily continuous aerobic exercise in adults, while in adolescents it represents a more natural way of exercise, unlike traditional moderate-intensity exercise. The aim of this systematic review is to examine the impact of high-intensity interval training in elementary school students, based on the collected data and analyzed research. The literature search was performed using the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, DOAJ, MEDLINE. After a detailed analysis, 11 studies met the set criteria and were included in the systematic review. The results indicate that HIIT for a duration of 12 weeks gives statistically significant results in reducing body weight and visceral fat, lowering arterial blood pressure, reducing BMI and increasing VO2max and improving fitness parameters of children. HIIT is an effective way of improving various fitness parameters and health conditions in a school population, with our review research indicating significant improvements in body composition parameters, fitness parameters as well as cardiovascular disease compared to a non-exercising control group.","PeriodicalId":21958,"journal":{"name":"SPORT I ZDRAVLJE","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74231593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the last decades, the benefits of regular exercise for brain health, particularly for cognition and mental health, have been well-reported by both observational and experimental human studies. Although many of these studies were focused on the effects of chronic exercise in cognitively impaired subjects, recent investigations have highlighted the role of exercise in improving cognitive abilities and preventing the decline of cognition across the lifespan in healthy individuals. On the other hand, significant evidence exists to suggest that exercise programs can improve treatment outcomes for different mental disorders, especially those that affect mood. However, the mechanisms of acute and chronic exerciseimproved brain function are still not completely known. In this context, it is important to consider that exercise induces muscle responses and adaptations that affect remote tissues. Like other secretory cells, myocytes produce cytokines and other peptides called myokines which exert an autocrine function in regulating muscle metabolism as well as a paracrine/endocrine regulatory function on distant organs, such as the gut, liver, and brain. Thus, the aim of this manuscript is to reinforce the potential of exercise as a useful tool to improve cognitive functioning and mental health and how muscle-brain crosstalk could play a key role in these exercise-related benefits.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF EXERCISE ON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING AND MENTAL HEALTH: A MUSCLE - BRAIN CONNECTION","authors":"Luis Carrasco Páez, I. Martínez-Díaz","doi":"10.7251/siz2201151c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/siz2201151c","url":null,"abstract":"During the last decades, the benefits of regular exercise for brain health, particularly for cognition and mental health, have been well-reported by both observational and experimental human studies. Although many of these studies were focused on the effects of chronic exercise in cognitively impaired subjects, recent investigations have highlighted the role of exercise in improving cognitive abilities and preventing the decline of cognition across the lifespan in healthy individuals. On the other hand, significant evidence exists to suggest that exercise programs can improve treatment outcomes for different mental disorders, especially those that affect mood. However, the mechanisms of acute and chronic exerciseimproved brain function are still not completely known. In this context, it is important to consider that exercise induces muscle responses and adaptations that affect remote tissues. Like other secretory cells, myocytes produce cytokines and other peptides called myokines which exert an autocrine function in regulating muscle metabolism as well as a paracrine/endocrine regulatory function on distant organs, such as the gut, liver, and brain. Thus, the aim of this manuscript is to reinforce the potential of exercise as a useful tool to improve cognitive functioning and mental health and how muscle-brain crosstalk could play a key role in these exercise-related benefits.","PeriodicalId":21958,"journal":{"name":"SPORT I ZDRAVLJE","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87330620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this research was to determine the effects of a ten-week Street dance training program on body composition in female students. A total sample of examinees consisted of 54 female subjects aged from 19 to 24 years. The subjects were divided into an experiment group (n=27) where they applied a Street dance training program for ten weeks and a control group (n=27). The experimental group subjects participated in the ten-week Street dance training program (Hip Hop and Dancehall) three times a week for 90 min. The control group subjects had regular daily activities and were not involved in any form of organized physical activity. Body composition was assessed before and after the treatment using the bioimpedance method (InBody 770). The body composition was assessed using the following parameters: body fat percentage (BF%); body fat percentage of the upper extremities (BF% Upper); body fat percentage of the lower extremities (BF% Lower); skeletal muscle mass (SMMAPS); a fat-free mass of the upper extremities (FFM Upper); a fat-free mass of the lower extremities (FFM Lower). The results of the experiment at the end of the training program showed that there is no statistical difference between the experiment and the control group. Although there were no statistical differences between the groups, the experimental group had better results in all parameters of body composition than the control group. It is concluded that the ten-week Street dance training program is not an effective model for improving body composition in female students.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF STREET DANCE TRAINING PROGRAM ON BODY COMPOSITION OF FEMALE STUDENTS","authors":"D. Stosic, Slavoljub Uzunovic","doi":"10.7251/siz2201134s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/siz2201134s","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to determine the effects of a ten-week Street dance training program on body composition in female students. A total sample of examinees consisted of 54 female subjects aged from 19 to 24 years. The subjects were divided into an experiment group (n=27) where they applied a Street dance training program for ten weeks and a control group (n=27). The experimental group subjects participated in the ten-week Street dance training program (Hip Hop and Dancehall) three times a week for 90 min. The control group subjects had regular daily activities and were not involved in any form of organized physical activity. Body composition was assessed before and after the treatment using the bioimpedance method (InBody 770). The body composition was assessed using the following parameters: body fat percentage (BF%); body fat percentage of the upper extremities (BF% Upper); body fat percentage of the lower extremities (BF% Lower); skeletal muscle mass (SMMAPS); a fat-free mass of the upper extremities (FFM Upper); a fat-free mass of the lower extremities (FFM Lower). The results of the experiment at the end of the training program showed that there is no statistical difference between the experiment and the control group. Although there were no statistical differences between the groups, the experimental group had better results in all parameters of body composition than the control group. It is concluded that the ten-week Street dance training program is not an effective model for improving body composition in female students.","PeriodicalId":21958,"journal":{"name":"SPORT I ZDRAVLJE","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75066986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Darko Paspalj, N. Rađević, Lazar Vulin, Saša Kovačević
On a sample of 147 students (78 male and 69 female), in the first year of the Faculty of Security Studies from Banja Luka, research was conducted with the aim of determining the differences between the achieved grade and the selfassessment of motor skills between male and female students, based on the results obtained by applying adequate tests for assessment and self-assessment of students motor status. Assessment of the motor abilities was performed through a battery of six tests: the maximum number of push-ups performed in 10 seconds (MSKL) - used to assess the dynamic strength of the arms and shoulder girdle, the standing long jump (MSDM) - used to assess the explosive power of the lower extremities, agility with with a club (MOKP) - used to assess the coordination of the whole body, the maximum number of trunk lifts performed in 30 seconds (MPTR) - used to assess the dynamic strength of the trunk, hand tapping (MTAR) - used to assess the frequency of arm movements, forwardroll – back roll - running (MKNT) – used to assess the motor ability of agility. For the self-assessment of motor skills, a constructed questionnaire with six answers was used: excellent (5), above average (4), average (3), below average (2), bad (1) and very bad (0). The respondents showed a good self-assessment of motor skills, where a statistically significant difference between male and female students was recorded only in the variable for self-assessment of dynamic arm and shoulder girdle strength. Male students showed better self-assessment in the variables for assessing dynamic arm and shoulder girdle strength, dynamic trunk strength, body coordination and hand movement frequency, while female students showed better self-assessment in variables for assessing explosive leg strength and agility. The authors recommendation is that the method of self-assessment of motor skills be implemented in the teaching process, when teaching the subject Special Physical Education 1, in order to improve awareness of the role and importance of the anthropological status of students and to encourage them to exercise regularly.
{"title":"GENDER DIMORPHISM IN MOTOR ASSESSMENT AND SELFASSESSMENT CAPABILITIES OF STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF SECURITY SCIENCES","authors":"Darko Paspalj, N. Rađević, Lazar Vulin, Saša Kovačević","doi":"10.7251/siz2201100p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/siz2201100p","url":null,"abstract":"On a sample of 147 students (78 male and 69 female), in the first year of the Faculty of Security Studies from Banja Luka, research was conducted with the aim of determining the differences between the achieved grade and the selfassessment of motor skills between male and female students, based on the results obtained by applying adequate tests for assessment and self-assessment of students motor status. Assessment of the motor abilities was performed through a battery of six tests: the maximum number of push-ups performed in 10 seconds (MSKL) - used to assess the dynamic strength of the arms and shoulder girdle, the standing long jump (MSDM) - used to assess the explosive power of the lower extremities, agility with with a club (MOKP) - used to assess the coordination of the whole body, the maximum number of trunk lifts performed in 30 seconds (MPTR) - used to assess the dynamic strength of the trunk, hand tapping (MTAR) - used to assess the frequency of arm movements, forwardroll – back roll - running (MKNT) – used to assess the motor ability of agility. For the self-assessment of motor skills, a constructed questionnaire with six answers was used: excellent (5), above average (4), average (3), below average (2), bad (1) and very bad (0). The respondents showed a good self-assessment of motor skills, where a statistically significant difference between male and female students was recorded only in the variable for self-assessment of dynamic arm and shoulder girdle strength. Male students showed better self-assessment in the variables for assessing dynamic arm and shoulder girdle strength, dynamic trunk strength, body coordination and hand movement frequency, while female students showed better self-assessment in variables for assessing explosive leg strength and agility. The authors recommendation is that the method of self-assessment of motor skills be implemented in the teaching process, when teaching the subject Special Physical Education 1, in order to improve awareness of the role and importance of the anthropological status of students and to encourage them to exercise regularly.","PeriodicalId":21958,"journal":{"name":"SPORT I ZDRAVLJE","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76663530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The primary aim of this study is to gain an insight into the “real situation” and to identify gender differences related to physical development among early primary school-aged children in order to reestablish and improve the monitoring system, and make the current school curriculums better. This research included the sample of 447 students (216 boys and 231 girls which was extracted from a population of pupils from five elementary schools, aged 7, 8, 9 and 10 years. Body weight and body height (standing height) was measured according to international standards for anthropometric assessment in a private setting while students were dressed in sports clothing, in the morning hours. Body mass index (BMI) was mathematically estimated according with the equation BMI=weight/height2 (kg/m2). At the level of the sample of respondents from 1st to 4th grade in relation to gender, except for the variables of body height and body weight in the 4th grade, the results of all investigated indicators show that higher values were measured in male respondents. Statistically significant differences were found for the following subspaces in relation to the observed subsample: in relation to gender and in relation to the 1st grade for body weight F=3.979, p=0.048 and for body mass index (BMI) F=6.315, p=0.013, while in relation to 2nd grade, the difference was found in body height F=4.324, p=0.040. There were no statistically significant differences in the observed characteristics of physical development among students of the 3rd and 4th grade. The obtained results on qualitative and quantitative gender differences in physical development in early school age, in addition to theoretical ones, can also have practical significance. Given that this is the age at which the formation of healthy lifestyle habits in children can be significantly influenced, the data of this research can significantly contribute to the adequate organization and implementation of both continuing physical education and extracurricular physical activities of children of the observed age.
{"title":"DIFFERENCES IN THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN BY GENDER","authors":"Aco Gajević, J. Ivanović, Radomir Pržulj","doi":"10.7251/siz2201125g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/siz2201125g","url":null,"abstract":"The primary aim of this study is to gain an insight into the “real situation” and to identify gender differences related to physical development among early primary school-aged children in order to reestablish and improve the monitoring system, and make the current school curriculums better. This research included the sample of 447 students (216 boys and 231 girls which was extracted from a population of pupils from five elementary schools, aged 7, 8, 9 and 10 years. Body weight and body height (standing height) was measured according to international standards for anthropometric assessment in a private setting while students were dressed in sports clothing, in the morning hours. Body mass index (BMI) was mathematically estimated according with the equation BMI=weight/height2 (kg/m2). At the level of the sample of respondents from 1st to 4th grade in relation to gender, except for the variables of body height and body weight in the 4th grade, the results of all investigated indicators show that higher values were measured in male respondents. Statistically significant differences were found for the following subspaces in relation to the observed subsample: in relation to gender and in relation to the 1st grade for body weight F=3.979, p=0.048 and for body mass index (BMI) F=6.315, p=0.013, while in relation to 2nd grade, the difference was found in body height F=4.324, p=0.040. There were no statistically significant differences in the observed characteristics of physical development among students of the 3rd and 4th grade. The obtained results on qualitative and quantitative gender differences in physical development in early school age, in addition to theoretical ones, can also have practical significance. Given that this is the age at which the formation of healthy lifestyle habits in children can be significantly influenced, the data of this research can significantly contribute to the adequate organization and implementation of both continuing physical education and extracurricular physical activities of children of the observed age.","PeriodicalId":21958,"journal":{"name":"SPORT I ZDRAVLJE","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74147594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Primarni cilј ovog rada bio je da se stekne uvid u „stvarno stanje“ u ovoj oblasti, kao i da se identifikuju razlike u vezi sa fizičkim razvojem među decom nižih razreda osnovne škole, kako bi se ponovo uspostavio i unapredio sistem praćenja, ali i kako bi se sadašnji školski programi pobolјšali. Ovim istraživanjem obuhvaćen je uzorak od ukupno 447 učenika (216 dečaka i 231 devojčica), koji je izdvojen iz pet osnovnih škola, uzrasta: 7, 8, 9 i 10 godina. Telesna masa i telesna visina (stojeća visina) merene su prema međunarodnim standardima za antropometrijsku procenu, u okruženju gde su poštovane sve etičke norme i gde su učenici bili obučeni u sportsku odeću - u jutarnjim časovimа. Indeks telesne mase (BMI) je matematički izračunat na osnovu jednačine BMI=težina/visina2 (kg/m2). Na nivou uzorka ispitanika od I do IV razreda u odnosu na pol, osim kod varijabli telesna visina i telesna masa u IV razredu, rezultati svih ispitivanih indikatora pokazuju da su veće vrednosti izmerene kod ispitanika muškog pola. Utvrđeno je postojanje statistički značajnih razlika za sledeće subprostore u odnosu na posmatrani subuzorak u odnosu na pol i to: u odnosu na I razred kod telesne mase F=3.979, p=0.048 i kod indeksa telesne mase (BMI) F=6.315, p=0.013, dok je u odnosu na II razred razlika utvrđena kod visine tela F=4.324, p=0.040. Kod učenika III i IV razreda nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike posmatranih karakteristika fizičke razvijenosti. Dobijeni rezultati o kvalitativnim i kvantitativnim polnim razlikama fizičke razvijenosti u ranom školskom uzrastu, pored teorijskog mogu imati i praktičan značaj. S obzirom da je ovo uzrast u kom se značajno može uticati na formiranje zdravih životnih navika kod dece, podaci ovog istraživanja mogu značajno doprineti adekvatnom organizovanju i realizovanju kako nastave fizičkog vaspitanja, tako i vannastavnih fizičkih aktivnosti dece posmatranog uzrasta.
{"title":"POLNE RAZLIKE U FIZIČKOJ RAZVIJENOSTI DECE MLAĐEG OSNOVNOŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA","authors":"Aco Gajević, Jelena Ivanović, Radomir Pržulj","doi":"10.7251/siz2201043g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/siz2201043g","url":null,"abstract":"Primarni cilј ovog rada bio je da se stekne uvid u „stvarno stanje“ u ovoj oblasti, kao i da se identifikuju razlike u vezi sa fizičkim razvojem među decom nižih razreda osnovne škole, kako bi se ponovo uspostavio i unapredio sistem praćenja, ali i kako bi se sadašnji školski programi pobolјšali. Ovim istraživanjem obuhvaćen je uzorak od ukupno 447 učenika (216 dečaka i 231 devojčica), koji je izdvojen iz pet osnovnih škola, uzrasta: 7, 8, 9 i 10 godina. Telesna masa i telesna visina (stojeća visina) merene su prema međunarodnim standardima za antropometrijsku procenu, u okruženju gde su poštovane sve etičke norme i gde su učenici bili obučeni u sportsku odeću - u jutarnjim časovimа. Indeks telesne mase (BMI) je matematički izračunat na osnovu jednačine BMI=težina/visina2 (kg/m2). Na nivou uzorka ispitanika od I do IV razreda u odnosu na pol, osim kod varijabli telesna visina i telesna masa u IV razredu, rezultati svih ispitivanih indikatora pokazuju da su veće vrednosti izmerene kod ispitanika muškog pola. Utvrđeno je postojanje statistički značajnih razlika za sledeće subprostore u odnosu na posmatrani subuzorak u odnosu na pol i to: u odnosu na I razred kod telesne mase F=3.979, p=0.048 i kod indeksa telesne mase (BMI) F=6.315, p=0.013, dok je u odnosu na II razred razlika utvrđena kod visine tela F=4.324, p=0.040. Kod učenika III i IV razreda nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike posmatranih karakteristika fizičke razvijenosti. Dobijeni rezultati o kvalitativnim i kvantitativnim polnim razlikama fizičke razvijenosti u ranom školskom uzrastu, pored teorijskog mogu imati i praktičan značaj. S obzirom da je ovo uzrast u kom se značajno može uticati na formiranje zdravih životnih navika kod dece, podaci ovog istraživanja mogu značajno doprineti adekvatnom organizovanju i realizovanju kako nastave fizičkog vaspitanja, tako i vannastavnih fizičkih aktivnosti dece posmatranog uzrasta.","PeriodicalId":21958,"journal":{"name":"SPORT I ZDRAVLJE","volume":"149 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75913527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guillermo López-García, Carlos Castellar-Otín, Carlos Peñarrubia-Lozano, Miguel Ángel Ortega-Zayas
The increasing status of ultratrail races due to the growth in number of races and participants in this kind of events has caught the attention and interest of the scientific community. The present study was carried out in an ultra-trail race (108km distance and 5800m of accumulated slope). The participants were divided into amateur level competitors (n=10; 43.30±4.52 years) or high-level competitors (n=10; 41.40±6.19 years). Neuromuscular response (squat jump, countermovement jump and Abalakov jump) was evaluated before and after the race. A questionary was passed to all participants before the race to determine the experience, the basal parameters and the training volume. The aim of this study is to a) determine the influence of the training volume expressed in hours per week (HS) and elevation gain (D) in the final race time; b) determine the influence of the training volume in the lower body strength loss after an ultratrail race. We establish the hypothesis that those runners who present a lower training volume spend a longer time in finishing the race and that they have a greater loss of lower body strength. Final race time and lower body strength loss were both minor in high level group. Although no significant results (p0.05) were found out.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF TRAINING VOLUME IN FINAL RACE TIME AND NEUROMUSCULAR FUNCTION IN ULTRATRAIL RUNNERS","authors":"Guillermo López-García, Carlos Castellar-Otín, Carlos Peñarrubia-Lozano, Miguel Ángel Ortega-Zayas","doi":"10.7251/siz2201143l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/siz2201143l","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing status of ultratrail races due to the growth in number of races and participants in this kind of events has caught the attention and interest of the scientific community. The present study was carried out in an ultra-trail race (108km distance and 5800m of accumulated slope). The participants were divided into amateur level competitors (n=10; 43.30±4.52 years) or high-level competitors (n=10; 41.40±6.19 years). Neuromuscular response (squat jump, countermovement jump and Abalakov jump) was evaluated before and after the race. A questionary was passed to all participants before the race to determine the experience, the basal parameters and the training volume. The aim of this study is to a) determine the influence of the training volume expressed in hours per week (HS) and elevation gain (D) in the final race time; b) determine the influence of the training volume in the lower body strength loss after an ultratrail race. We establish the hypothesis that those runners who present a lower training volume spend a longer time in finishing the race and that they have a greater loss of lower body strength. Final race time and lower body strength loss were both minor in high level group. Although no significant results (p0.05) were found out.","PeriodicalId":21958,"journal":{"name":"SPORT I ZDRAVLJE","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82703926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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