Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.21697/spch.2020.56.4.16
Wiesława Tomaszewska
Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie prawdy w literaturze. Punktem wyjścia dla analiz jest koncepcja Romana Ingardena. Odmawia on dziełu literackiemu jako dziełu sztuki prawdziwości w sensie logicznym. Według Ingardena literackie dzieło sztuki jako przedmiot czysto intencjonalny niczego nie orzeka o świecie transcendentnym. Prawdę w dziele literackim można jednakże ujmować jako jej objawianie. -------------- Zgłoszono: 03/09/2020. Zrecenzowano: 22/10/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 10/11/2020
{"title":"O prawdzie w literaturze uwag kilka","authors":"Wiesława Tomaszewska","doi":"10.21697/spch.2020.56.4.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21697/spch.2020.56.4.16","url":null,"abstract":"Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie prawdy w literaturze. Punktem wyjścia dla analiz jest koncepcja Romana Ingardena. Odmawia on dziełu literackiemu jako dziełu sztuki prawdziwości w sensie logicznym. Według Ingardena literackie dzieło sztuki jako przedmiot czysto intencjonalny niczego nie orzeka o świecie transcendentnym. Prawdę w dziele literackim można jednakże ujmować jako jej objawianie. \u0000-------------- \u0000Zgłoszono: 03/09/2020. Zrecenzowano: 22/10/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 10/11/2020","PeriodicalId":21980,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophiae Christianae","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76605791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S1.04
M. Piekarski
The article is an attempt at explaining the category of logical form used by Ludwig Wittgenstein in his Tractatus logico-philosophicus by using concepts from Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz’s The Monadology. There are many similarities and analogies between those works, and the key concept for them is the category of the inner and acknowledged importance of consideration based on basic categories of thinking about the world. The Leibnizian prospect allows for a broader look at Wittgenstein’s analysis of the relation between propositions and facts, between language and the world. Using the Hanoverian philosopher’s terminology allows for the demonstration of the ambivalence of the concept of logical form in the philosophy of Wittgenstein and also the metaphysical nature of his first book.
{"title":"THE PROBLEM OF LOGICAL FORM: WITTGENSTEIN AND LEIBNIZ","authors":"M. Piekarski","doi":"10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S1.04","url":null,"abstract":"The article is an attempt at explaining the category of logical form used by Ludwig Wittgenstein in his Tractatus logico-philosophicus by using concepts from Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz’s The Monadology. There are many similarities and analogies between those works, and the key concept for them is the category of the inner and acknowledged importance of consideration based on basic categories of thinking about the world. The Leibnizian prospect allows for a broader look at Wittgenstein’s analysis of the relation between propositions and facts, between language and the world. Using the Hanoverian philosopher’s terminology allows for the demonstration of the ambivalence of the concept of logical form in the philosophy of Wittgenstein and also the metaphysical nature of his first book.","PeriodicalId":21980,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophiae Christianae","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85983666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S2.08
R. Moń
What are the relationships between value and duty? Which ontic status has a duty and why? This article aims at clarifying these concepts. It is indicated that in Kant’s writings, we come across texts that enable a slightly different interpretation of his philosophy. And so: the ma%er of good will is the goals themselves; good will must act according to the maxim that the members of the kingdom of goals follow. And this is a moral good since the highest principle of morality is the desire for autonomy of will. Thus, the form of universal legislation is a community of autonomous beings in which the humanity of each of them is realized. In such a community, the a priori content – the content of an ethical reality – is created. It can be said that relationships between people are various forms of ontic status of a duty.
{"title":"SIGNIFICANCE OF ONTIC DUTY","authors":"R. Moń","doi":"10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S2.08","url":null,"abstract":"What are the relationships between value and duty? Which ontic status has a duty and why? This article aims at clarifying these concepts. It is indicated that in Kant’s writings, we come across texts that enable a slightly different interpretation of his philosophy. And so: the ma%er of good will is the goals themselves; good will must act according to the maxim that the members of the kingdom of goals follow. And this is a moral good since the highest principle of morality is the desire for autonomy of will. Thus, the form of universal legislation is a community of autonomous beings in which the humanity of each of them is realized. In such a community, the a priori content – the content of an ethical reality – is created. It can be said that relationships between people are various forms of ontic status of a duty.","PeriodicalId":21980,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophiae Christianae","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75537042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.21697/spch.2020.56.4.14
Adam Świeżyński
Pytanie o metodologiczny i teoriopoznawczy status obrazu Boga we współczesnej teologii jest jednym z najważniejszych, jakie należy postawić w świetle przemian społeczno-religijnych, następujących we współczesnym społeczeństwie. Odchodzenie od instytucjonalnie praktykowanej wiary religijnej jest bowiem często spowodowane obrazem Boga (i relacji między Bogiem a człowiekiem), który dla współczesnego człowieka staje się coraz mniej możliwy do zaakceptowania. Nie jest to jedynie kwestia ludzkiej niezgody, motywowanej postawą antyreligijną, lecz przede wszystkim skutek zniekształcenia go we współczesnym przekazie teologicznym, homiletycznym i katechetycznym. Obraz ten, kreowany najpierw w teologii, został nadmiernie obciążony elementami, nawiązującymi do powinności moralnej człowieka, a jednocześnie w znacznym stopniu zubożony o elementy wywodzące się z jego doświadczenia egzystencjalno-duchowego. Odzyskanie bardziej adekwatnego obrazu Boga wymaga wnikliwego namysłu filozoficznego nad samą teologią oraz zrekonstruowania tego obrazu na podstawie pogłębionego odniesienia do treści biblijnych, wraz z jednoczesnym powiązaniem ich z aktualnym doświadczeniem religijnym człowieka, ujawniającym się w jego egzystencji. -------------- Zgłoszono: 20/09/2020. Zrecenzowano: 09/11/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 20/11/2020
{"title":"Moralność jako erzac duchowości. Filozoficzne uwagi na temat współczesnej teologii","authors":"Adam Świeżyński","doi":"10.21697/spch.2020.56.4.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21697/spch.2020.56.4.14","url":null,"abstract":"Pytanie o metodologiczny i teoriopoznawczy status obrazu Boga we współczesnej teologii jest jednym z najważniejszych, jakie należy postawić w świetle przemian społeczno-religijnych, następujących we współczesnym społeczeństwie. Odchodzenie od instytucjonalnie praktykowanej wiary religijnej jest bowiem często spowodowane obrazem Boga (i relacji między Bogiem a człowiekiem), który dla współczesnego człowieka staje się coraz mniej możliwy do zaakceptowania. Nie jest to jedynie kwestia ludzkiej niezgody, motywowanej postawą antyreligijną, lecz przede wszystkim skutek zniekształcenia go we współczesnym przekazie teologicznym, homiletycznym i katechetycznym. Obraz ten, kreowany najpierw w teologii, został nadmiernie obciążony elementami, nawiązującymi do powinności moralnej człowieka, a jednocześnie w znacznym stopniu zubożony o elementy wywodzące się z jego doświadczenia egzystencjalno-duchowego. Odzyskanie bardziej adekwatnego obrazu Boga wymaga wnikliwego namysłu filozoficznego nad samą teologią oraz zrekonstruowania tego obrazu na podstawie pogłębionego odniesienia do treści biblijnych, wraz z jednoczesnym powiązaniem ich z aktualnym doświadczeniem religijnym człowieka, ujawniającym się w jego egzystencji. \u0000-------------- \u0000Zgłoszono: 20/09/2020. Zrecenzowano: 09/11/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 20/11/2020","PeriodicalId":21980,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophiae Christianae","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76935098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.21697/spch.2020.56.4.03
A. Lemańska
W artykule przedstawiono życiorys i najważniejsze dokonania naukowe ks. dr hab. Grzegorza Bugajaka (1966-2020), prof. UKSW, związanego z Wydziałem Filozofii Chrześcijańskiej ATK/UKSW. Ks. Bugajak zostawił po sobie duży i interesujący dorobek naukowy, koncentrujący się wokół problemów z zakresu filozofii przyrody, filozofii nauk przyrodniczych i relacji między naukami przyrodniczymi a teologią. Jego prace stanowią znaczny wkład w rozwój filozofii. -------------- Zgłoszono: 12/08/2020. Zrecenzowano: 19/09/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 30/10/2020
{"title":"W poszukiwaniu przyrodniczego, filozoficznego i teologicznego obrazu Wszechświata. Sylwetka naukowa księdza Grzegorza Bugajaka","authors":"A. Lemańska","doi":"10.21697/spch.2020.56.4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21697/spch.2020.56.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"W artykule przedstawiono życiorys i najważniejsze dokonania naukowe ks. dr hab. Grzegorza Bugajaka (1966-2020), prof. UKSW, związanego z Wydziałem Filozofii Chrześcijańskiej ATK/UKSW. Ks. Bugajak zostawił po sobie duży i interesujący dorobek naukowy, koncentrujący się wokół problemów z zakresu filozofii przyrody, filozofii nauk przyrodniczych i relacji między naukami przyrodniczymi a teologią. Jego prace stanowią znaczny wkład w rozwój filozofii. \u0000-------------- \u0000Zgłoszono: 12/08/2020. Zrecenzowano: 19/09/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 30/10/2020","PeriodicalId":21980,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophiae Christianae","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79348871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S1.11
W. Płotka
The article is an attempt at establishing a theoretical basis for a dialogue between phenomenology and contemporary philosophy, with regard to the problem of internalism-externalism. It is argued, according to Roman Ingarden, that one has to first of all put forward an adequate question about the problem, to be able to understand it appropriately. Moreover, the analysis is limited to the two forms of the internalism-externalism debate, namely semantics and the philosophy of the mind. Within Husserl’s phenomenology one can easily point to basic intuitions that justify thesis that this philosophy refers to the internalism-externalism problem. Ultimately, by using phenomenological terminology, the article arrives at questions about possible internalism-or-externalism within Husserl’s phenomenological project. The questions, however, suggest that phenomenology can be neither clearly nor completely classified either as internalism or as externalism.
{"title":"PHENOMENOLOGY BETWEEN INTERNALISM AND EXTERNALISM. PROBLEM STATEMENT","authors":"W. Płotka","doi":"10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S1.11","url":null,"abstract":"The article is an attempt at establishing a theoretical basis for a dialogue between phenomenology and contemporary philosophy, with regard to the problem of internalism-externalism. It is argued, according to Roman Ingarden, that one has to first of all put forward an adequate question about the problem, to be able to understand it appropriately. Moreover, the analysis is limited to the two forms of the internalism-externalism debate, namely semantics and the philosophy of the mind. Within Husserl’s phenomenology one can easily point to basic intuitions that justify thesis that this philosophy refers to the internalism-externalism problem. Ultimately, by using phenomenological terminology, the article arrives at questions about possible internalism-or-externalism within Husserl’s phenomenological project. The questions, however, suggest that phenomenology can be neither clearly nor completely classified either as internalism or as externalism.","PeriodicalId":21980,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophiae Christianae","volume":"227 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80945025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S2.05
Adam Świeżyński
The question of the origin of life interested people for centuries. All existing views on this subject can be classified into different areas of our knowledge of the world: natural sciences, philosophy, and theology. Some theories (perhaps the majority) contain more or less explicit elements from all of these areas. Thus, it is helpful to take a closer look at them and to classify all the typical groups of theories about the origins of life. We can in this way stress their mutual connections and clarify their own nature. Nowadays, driving forces of pre-biological chemical evolution and the explanation of the transition from “non-life into life” present a great variety of solutions. The differences between the theories, however, as well as the current controversies in the scientific community (e.g., what was “in the beginning”?; where did prebiotic evolution take place? etc.), will be shown to be of secondary importance in comparison with several much more profound philosophical assumptions underlying the origin-of-life-studies. The attempt to organize and classify different types of theories on the genesis of life allows to take into account different kinds of perspectives (theistic, philosophical and scientific), and to compare them to each other. The most general division between theories is based on a distinction between metaphysical conceptions and scientific ones. Some theories answer the question of the emergence of life in general, whereas others tackle the question of the origin of life on Earth only. Interestingly, two traditional ideas concerning the problem of the origin of life (i.e., spontaneous generation and panspermia) are still at play in contemporary scientific research, albeit in a modified form. In the perspective of contemporary scientific research on the origin of life it seems interesting that two main ideas concerning the problem of the origin of life, spontaneous generation and panspermia, are still present as presuppositions of certain theories but have been modified. Moreover, it is evident that the theistic view of the origin of life (creation) does not have to fall into conflict with contemporary scientific theories. Rather, they are complementary. This article is an extension, explanation and refinement of the proposed scheme of the main types of theories on the origin of life. An attempt to classify various biogenesis theories is also proposed. One of the most important questions that will be addressed concerns the philosophical presumptions of biogenetics still informing current research as well as scientific explanations of the origin of life.
{"title":"FROM SPONTANEOUS GENERATION TO COSMIC ABIOGENESIS. AN ATTEMPT AT SYSTEMATIZATION OF BIOGENESIS THEORIES","authors":"Adam Świeżyński","doi":"10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S2.05","url":null,"abstract":"The question of the origin of life interested people for centuries. All existing views on this subject can be classified into different areas of our knowledge of the world: natural sciences, philosophy, and theology. Some theories (perhaps the majority) contain more or less explicit elements from all of these areas. Thus, it is helpful to take a closer look at them and to classify all the typical groups of theories about the origins of life. We can in this way stress their mutual connections and clarify their own nature. Nowadays, driving forces of pre-biological chemical evolution and the explanation of the transition from “non-life into life” present a great variety of solutions. The differences between the theories, however, as well as the current controversies in the scientific community (e.g., what was “in the beginning”?; where did prebiotic evolution take place? etc.), will be shown to be of secondary importance in comparison with several much more profound philosophical assumptions underlying the origin-of-life-studies. The attempt to organize and classify different types of theories on the genesis of life allows to take into account different kinds of perspectives (theistic, philosophical and scientific), and to compare them to each other. The most general division between theories is based on a distinction between metaphysical conceptions and scientific ones. Some theories answer the question of the emergence of life in general, whereas others tackle the question of the origin of life on Earth only. Interestingly, two traditional ideas concerning the problem of the origin of life (i.e., spontaneous generation and panspermia) are still at play in contemporary scientific research, albeit in a modified form. In the perspective of contemporary scientific research on the origin of life it seems interesting that two main ideas concerning the problem of the origin of life, spontaneous generation and panspermia, are still present as presuppositions of certain theories but have been modified. Moreover, it is evident that the theistic view of the origin of life (creation) does not have to fall into conflict with contemporary scientific theories. Rather, they are complementary. This article is an extension, explanation and refinement of the proposed scheme of the main types of theories on the origin of life. An attempt to classify various biogenesis theories is also proposed. One of the most important questions that will be addressed concerns the philosophical presumptions of biogenetics still informing current research as well as scientific explanations of the origin of life.","PeriodicalId":21980,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophiae Christianae","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86068246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S1.12
R. Piłat
In this article, I am discussing the social phenomenon of touchiness (excessive sensitivity to differences of opinion and lifestyle) as a result of the polarization of discourse in contemporary Western culture. This polarization and the resulting touchiness are partly an effect of media, but the later also reflects structural problems of cultures and social practices. The problems arise from the dense network of potentially conflicting values. I am discussing some diagnoses of this phenomenon and some purported philosophical remedies including departure from the language of values and abandoning the idea of a strong subject of action and beliefs. I am criticizing these solutions and I am proposing the idea of radical criticism instead. I am presenting the idea about established theories of philosophical criticism, including those by Horkheimer, Spaemann, Habermas. I am also presenting a practical application of the idea of radical criticism in education: promoting philosophical inquiry in the classroom.
{"title":"TOUCHINESS AND CRITICISM. ON THE ROLE OF PHILOSOPHICAL CRITICISM IN CULTURE AND EDUCATION","authors":"R. Piłat","doi":"10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S1.12","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I am discussing the social phenomenon of touchiness (excessive sensitivity to differences of opinion and lifestyle) as a result of the polarization of discourse in contemporary Western culture. This polarization and the resulting touchiness are partly an effect of media, but the later also reflects structural problems of cultures and social practices. The problems arise from the dense network of potentially conflicting values. I am discussing some diagnoses of this phenomenon and some purported philosophical remedies including departure from the language of values and abandoning the idea of a strong subject of action and beliefs. I am criticizing these solutions and I am proposing the idea of radical criticism instead. I am presenting the idea about established theories of philosophical criticism, including those by Horkheimer, Spaemann, Habermas. I am also presenting a practical application of the idea of radical criticism in education: promoting philosophical inquiry in the classroom.","PeriodicalId":21980,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophiae Christianae","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86326751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S2.09
Andrzej Waleszczyński
This article discusses how to interpret the so-called Knobe effect, which refers to the asymmetry in judgments about the intentionality of the side effects caused by one’s actions. The observed tendency is explained through the “moral undertone” of the actions judged. So far, discussions have mostly been held among philosophers in the analytical tradition, who see the theory of morality largely as an ethics of rules. The analysis developed in this article advances the research carried out so far to include teleological ethics, most notably the tradition of Thomistic ethics. Philosophical discussions address the problem of normative orders, focusing in particular on two types of cognition concerned, respectively, with moral judgments and facts. Investigating this issue proves to be helpful not only to explain the Knobe effect, but also to better understand the very notion of an intentional action as employed in the philosophy of action. As a result of this analysis, the Author explains the existing asymmetry in the attribution of intentionality to actions with the respondents’ confusion between cognitive orders. This problem brings us to the issue of normative competences. In analyzing the Knobe effect, normative competences would be responsible for the classification of the data collected and separation of the “purely informative” order from the order of moral judgments, referring to norms or values.
{"title":"THE KNOBE EFFECT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THOMISTIC ETHICS: THE PROBLEM OF NORMATIVE ORDERS AND COMPETENCES","authors":"Andrzej Waleszczyński","doi":"10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S2.09","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses how to interpret the so-called Knobe effect, which refers to the asymmetry in judgments about the intentionality of the side effects caused by one’s actions. The observed tendency is explained through the “moral undertone” of the actions judged. So far, discussions have mostly been held among philosophers in the analytical tradition, who see the theory of morality largely as an ethics of rules. The analysis developed in this article advances the research carried out so far to include teleological ethics, most notably the tradition of Thomistic ethics. Philosophical discussions address the problem of normative orders, focusing in particular on two types of cognition concerned, respectively, with moral judgments and facts. Investigating this issue proves to be helpful not only to explain the Knobe effect, but also to better understand the very notion of an intentional action as employed in the philosophy of action. As a result of this analysis, the Author explains the existing asymmetry in the attribution of intentionality to actions with the respondents’ confusion between cognitive orders. This problem brings us to the issue of normative competences. In analyzing the Knobe effect, normative competences would be responsible for the classification of the data collected and separation of the “purely informative” order from the order of moral judgments, referring to norms or values.","PeriodicalId":21980,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophiae Christianae","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85221292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S1.01
M. Plotka
The purpose of this article is to a%empt to provide a more precise answer to the question of Paul Vladimiri’s (Latin: Paulus Vladimiri; Polish: Paweł Włodkowic) account of the concept of permissive natural law. This purpose is realized in two steps. First, a brief history of permissive natural laws in the tradition of medieval philosophy is discussed, and the historical context, in which Paul Vladimiri developed his theory of natural law, is outlined. Next, some excerpts from Vladimir’s writings are analysed, in which he uses phrases indicating the presence of the concept of permissive law in his philosophy.
{"title":"PERMISSIVE NATURAL LAW AND ITS SCOPE IN PAUL VLADIMIRI’S PHILOSOPHY","authors":"M. Plotka","doi":"10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21697/SPCH.2020.56.S1.01","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to a%empt to provide a more precise answer to the question of Paul Vladimiri’s (Latin: Paulus Vladimiri; Polish: Paweł Włodkowic) account of the concept of permissive natural law. This purpose is realized in two steps. First, a brief history of permissive natural laws in the tradition of medieval philosophy is discussed, and the historical context, in which Paul Vladimiri developed his theory of natural law, is outlined. Next, some excerpts from Vladimir’s writings are analysed, in which he uses phrases indicating the presence of the concept of permissive law in his philosophy.","PeriodicalId":21980,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophiae Christianae","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79612762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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