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The Cosmos and Human Beings from an Interdisciplinary Perspective. “Paradigmatické zmeny v chápaní kozmologickej a antropologickej problematiky. Minulosť a súčasnosť,” [“Paradigmatic Changes in the Understanding of Cosmological and Anthropological Issues. Past and Present”] edited by Zlatica Plašienková, Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, Bratislava 2021, pp. 308 (rev.) 跨学科视角下的宇宙与人类。"对宇宙学和人类学问题认识的范式转变。过去与现在"。[过去和现在",Zlatica Plašienková 编辑,布拉迪斯拉发夸美纽斯大学,布拉迪斯拉发,2021 年,第 308 页(修订版)。
Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.21697/spch.2023.59.r.01
Štefan Zolcer
This book presents a complex picture of the universe and man from historical and contemporary perspectives, including philosophical, theological, and scientific perspectives. It consists of several papers by authors from various fields, and it is divided into three main parts. The first part addresses some interesting questions from the history of philosophy and theology; the second part focuses on contemporary astrophysics and astrobiology and the question of extraterrestrial life; the third part considers the ethical and environmental dimensions of these questions. --------------------------- Received: 19/02/2023. Reviewed: 17/03/2023. Accepted: 30/03/2022.
这本书从历史和当代的角度,包括哲学、神学和科学的角度,呈现了宇宙和人类的复杂画面。它由来自不同领域的作者的几篇论文组成,分为三个主要部分。第一部分从哲学和神学的历史中提出一些有趣的问题;第二部分重点介绍当代天体物理学和天体生物学以及地外生命问题;第三部分考虑这些问题的伦理和环境层面。 ---------------------------&# x0D;收到:19/02/2023。综述:17/03/2023。接受:30/03/2022。
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 ---------------------------
 Received: 19/02/2023. Reviewed: 17/03/2023. Accepted: 30/03/2022.","PeriodicalId":21980,"journal":{"name":"Studia Philosophiae Christianae","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135313713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Anthropocene and the Problem of Anthropological Constants 人类世与人类学常数问题
Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.21697/spch.2023.59.a.05
Katarína Podušelová
In the humanities and social sciences, the concept of the Anthropocene has become the starting point for theoretical analyses of the immediate relationship between the environmental preconditions for the existence of civilization and the human actions whose consequences threaten these preconditions. From the philosophical-anthropological point of view, reflections on the concepts of the Anthropocene focus not only on a critical analysis of the claims about human that originate in the natural sciences but also on an understanding of the overall role of humanity in the new geological-climatic regime of the Earth. The primary purpose of this paper is to highlight two-pronged problem areas, which include both the problem of anthropological constants as specific ways of makingstatements about humans and the problem of using them to reflect on the conceptual system of the Anthropocene. In particular, this paper emphasizes hypotheses and claims from the Anthropocene concept of Earth System Science that point to humans becoming a geobiophysical force in the Anthropocene. Three areas in which anthropological constants could be subsequently subjected to a deeper analysis are proposed. -------------------------- Received: 01/12/2022. Reviewed: 08/02/2023. Accepted: 30/03/2023.
在人文科学和社会科学中,人类世的概念已经成为理论分析文明存在的环境先决条件和其后果威胁这些先决条件的人类行为之间直接关系的起点。从哲学人类学的角度来看,对人类世概念的反思不仅集中在对自然科学中关于人类的主张的批判性分析上,而且还集中在对人类在地球新地质-气候制度中的整体作用的理解上。本文的主要目的是强调双管齐下的问题领域,其中既包括作为陈述人类的具体方式的人类学常数问题,也包括使用它们来反思人类世概念系统的问题。特别地,本文强调了地球系统科学的人类世概念的假设和主张,指出人类成为人类世的地球生物物理力量。提出了人类学常数随后可以进行更深入分析的三个领域。--------------------------收稿日期:01/12/2022。综述:08/02/2023。接受:30/03/2023。
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引用次数: 0
Toward Environmental Citizenship: The Concept of Citizenship and Its Conceptualization in the Context of Global Environmental Challenges 迈向环境公民:全球环境挑战背景下的公民概念及其概念化
Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.21697/spch.2023.59.a.04
A. Mravcová
The issue of citizenship has been one of the main topics of political thinking since antiquity, when its origins were significantly shaped by classical philosophers, whose ideas are also important for modern thinking. Gradually, with the intensification of globalization many new conceptualizations of the classical concept of citizenship were formulated to address global challenges. These shift away from the basic view of the interconnectedness of citizenship with a specific territory and give humans a wider, global identity with an associated appeal to global responsibility. One such concept is environmental citizenship. This article is aimed at examining the historical development of citizenship, particularly in its republican and liberal versions, and its conceptualisation in the context of environmental problems that overcome national borders. The demands on citizens must be adapted to this reality. This article highlights the growing potential of environmental citizenship as one of the possible key factors for achieving a more sustainable world, which however requires the active involvement of nation-states. --------------------------- Received: 24/11/2022. Reviewed: 27/03/2023. Accepted: 18/04/2023.
自古以来,公民权问题一直是政治思想的主要议题之一,古典哲学家对公民权的起源产生了重大影响,他们的思想对现代思想也很重要。逐渐地,随着全球化的加剧,古典公民概念的许多新概念被制定出来,以应对全球挑战。这些改变了公民与特定领土相互联系的基本观点,赋予人类更广泛的全球身份,并呼吁全球责任。其中一个概念就是环境公民。本文旨在研究公民身份的历史发展,特别是在共和主义和自由主义版本中,以及在跨越国界的环境问题背景下对公民身份的概念化。对公民的要求必须适应这一现实。这篇文章强调了环境公民作为实现一个更可持续世界的可能关键因素之一的日益增长的潜力,然而,这需要民族国家的积极参与。--------------------------- 收到:24/11/2022。综述:27/03/2023。接受:18/04/2023。
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引用次数: 0
Bruno Latour: New Challenges and Inspirations in Political Ecology 布鲁诺·拉图尔:政治生态学的新挑战与启示
Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.21697/spch.2023.59.a.03
I. Buraj
Political ecology is a recent development in contemporary scholarship. Contrary to popular belief, the French philosopher Bruno Latour was not its originator. Some scholars began to recognise that nature and politics were closely connected back to the time of Montesquieu. Nonetheless, Latour’s political ecology is original in that it features new or revamped concepts that lend it new content and meaning. It includes concepts such as ‘mode of existence,’ ‘actor/network,’ ‘humans’ and ‘non-humans,’ ‘terrestrial’ or ‘Earthbound,’ and offers a new interpretation of the concepts of nature and politics. These concepts are the focus of the first and second parts of the article. The final part looks at their practical application, particularly in connection with Latour’s idea of creating a common world fit for life, or at least survival.--------------------------Received: 24/11/2022. Reviewed: 08/03/2023. Accepted: 30/03/2023.
政治生态学是当代学术的新发展。与普遍的看法相反,法国哲学家布鲁诺·拉图尔并不是它的创始人。一些学者开始认识到,早在孟德斯鸠时代,自然和政治就紧密相连。尽管如此,拉图尔的政治生态是原创的,因为它以新的或经过改进的概念为特色,赋予了它新的内容和意义。它包括诸如“存在模式”、“演员/网络”、“人类”和“非人类”、“陆地”或“地球”等概念,并提供了对自然和政治概念的新解释。这些概念是本文第一部分和第二部分的重点。最后一部分着眼于它们的实际应用,特别是与拉图尔创造一个适合生命或至少适合生存的共同世界的想法有关。-------------------------- 收到:24/11/2022。综述:08/03/2023。接受:30/03/2023。
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引用次数: 0
Industrial and Environmental Democracies as Models of a Politically Organized Relationship Between Society and Nature 工业和环境民主作为社会与自然之间政治组织关系的模型
Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.21697/spch.2023.59.a.06
Richard St’ahel
This paper is based on the concept of environmental political philosophy and from its perspective, it highlights the weaknesses and contradictions of contemporary, existing democracies. It aims to formulate an outline of the concept of environmental democracy, following the accounts of M. Bookchin, R. Morrison and H. Skolimowski, as well as international environmental law enshrined in United Nations documents and resolutions. It is based on the hypothesis that the preservation of a democratic political system in a situation of a collapsing planetary system (the Anthropocene) requires improving the foundations of democratic theory with the insights of the Earth system sciences, particularly of political ecology and critical environmentalism. Through philosophical analysis, explanation and interpretation, this paper explores an environmental democracy that would, on the one hand, preserve the basic constitutional principles of current democratic constitutional regimes, and, on the other hand, reconcile them with the current state of understanding in the Earth sciences concerning the vulnerability of the planetary system. In a sense, J. Habermas’s understanding of human rights characterizes the concept of environmental democracy as a realistic utopia. The author concludes by drawing up the imperative of sustainability, which he sees as a guiding organizing principle of institutions and public policies for the climatic, demographic and economic regime of the Anthropocene.--------------------------Received: 16/12/2022. Reviewed: 09/03/2023. Accepted: 30/03/2023.
本文基于环境政治哲学的概念,并从它的角度,它突出了当代,现有的民主国家的弱点和矛盾。它旨在根据布克钦、莫里森和斯科利莫夫斯基的论述,以及联合国文件和决议中所载的国际环境法,勾勒出环境民主概念的轮廓。它基于这样一个假设:在行星系统(人类世)崩溃的情况下,民主政治制度的保存需要用地球系统科学的见解,特别是政治生态学和批判环境主义,来改善民主理论的基础。通过哲学分析、解释和诠释,本文探索了一种环境民主,一方面,它将保留当前民主宪政制度的基本宪法原则,另一方面,将它们与地球科学中关于行星系统脆弱性的当前理解状态相协调。从某种意义上说,哈贝马斯对人权的理解将环境民主的概念定性为一个现实的乌托邦。作者最后提出了可持续发展的必要性,他认为这是人类世气候、人口和经济体制的机构和公共政策的指导组织原则。-------------------------- 收到:16/12/2022。综述:09/03/2023。接受:30/03/2023。
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引用次数: 0
Katastrofa ekologiczna – od prognozy do rzeczywistości. Globalny problem refleksji filozoficznej w polskim lustrze
Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.21697/spch.2023.59.a.07
H. Ciążela
Żyjemy w czasach cywilizacyjnego przełomu. Ludzka aktywność skierowana na podporządkowanie sobie środowiska naturalnego doprowadziła do jego dewastacji, niosącej katastrofalne skutki dla dalszego trwania ludzkości. Naukowe prognozy, publikowane od października 2018 roku, ukazują realne zagrożenie globalną katastrofą klimatyczną w najbliższych latach jako oczywisty scenariusz w przypadku niepodjęcia skutecznej próby przeciwdziałania zagrożeniu. Powstrzymanie katastrofy staje się coraz trudniejszym zadaniem dla społeczności ludzi obecnie żyjących. Artykuł koncentruje się na zagadnieniu reakcji na wspomniany kryzys w dyskursie filozoficznym. W świetle przeprowadzonej analizy wiele wskazuje na to, że w filozofii współczesnej zagrożenie globalną katastrofą nie wywołuje wyraźnej reakcji jej przedstawicieli. Przeprowadzona analiza zmierza do ukazania przyczyn tego stanu rzeczy.--------------------------Zgłoszono: 24/11/2022. Zrecenzowano: 27/02/2023. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 24/04/2023.
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引用次数: 0
Machiavelli’s The Prince: How to Refute Virtue Ethics in Three Steps 马基雅维利的《君主论》:如何三步驳斥美德伦理
Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.21697/spch.2023.59.a.02
M. Stoškus
This article examines Niccolò Machiavelli’s account of virtues in his famous work The Prince. The Italian philosopher uses three different stages or steps of argumentation. All these steps are analyzed in this paper. It is argued that in each step, Machiavelli makes partial conclusions which are neglected in the next step. In the last step, Machiavelli concludes that not only some virtues lead to failure, but all virtues are harmful to a successful leader. Instead of an honest and just way of acting, Machiavelli proposes the slyness of a fox – the most effective and successful way of acting. Cicero’s De Officiis effectively helps to understand the radicality of Machiavelli’s account of virtues. Cicero’s work enables one to explain all the central metaphors and analogies used in Machiavelli’s The Prince. Comparing Cicero’s and Machiavelli’s radically different accounts of the same virtues and vices shows that Machiavelli changed the traditional understanding of virtues, thus refuting traditional moral and political philosophy.--------------------------Received: 05/01/2023. Reviewed: 20/02/2023. Accepted: 30/03/2023.
本文考察Niccolò马基雅维利在其著名著作《君主论》中对美德的描述。这位意大利哲学家使用三个不同的论证阶段或步骤。本文对这些步骤进行了分析。有人认为,在每一步中,马基雅维利得出的部分结论在下一步中被忽略了。在最后一步,马基雅维利得出结论,不仅一些美德导致失败,而且所有的美德对一个成功的领导者都是有害的。马基雅维利提出了最有效、最成功的行动方式——狐狸的狡猾,而不是诚实和公正的行动方式。西塞罗的《论官职》有效地帮助我们理解了马基雅维利对美德的激进描述。西塞罗的著作使人们能够解释马基雅维利的《君主论》中使用的所有核心隐喻和类比。比较西塞罗和马基雅维利对同样的美德和罪恶的截然不同的描述,马基雅维利改变了对美德的传统理解,从而反驳了传统的道德和政治哲学。-------------------------- 收到:05/01/2023。综述:20/02/2023。接受:30/03/2023。
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引用次数: 0
Retrospektywna i prospektywna rola ekofilozofii
Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.21697/spch.2023.59.a.01
W. Tyburski
W katalogu zagadnień podejmowanych w ramach ekofilozofii (określanej także mianem filozofii ekologicznej) szczególnie doniosłe znaczenie przypisać należy dwóm wypełnianym przez nią zadaniom. Pierwsze zadanie (retrospektywne) zmierza do ukazania tego zespołu uwarunkowań kulturowych, światopoglądowych, filozoficznych, które szczególnie w dobie nowożytnej generowały myślenie utylitarne, pozytywistyczno-technokratyczne. Jego praktyczne konsekwencje okazały się bardzo niebezpieczne dla życia na Ziemi. Drugie zadanie (prospektywne) wnosi swój znaczący wkład w dzieło budowania nowego myślenia o relacjach człowieka ze światem przyrody, uświadamia potrzebę lepszego zrozumienia wspólnoty losów obu tych światów, dotyczy działań, mających na celu projektowanie wizji przyszłości i konstruowanie modelu cywilizacji, zorientowanej na potrzeby ekologiczne. Wyniki dociekań ekofilozofii stanowią niekwestionowany wkład w dzieło budowania podstaw najpierw idei ekorozwoju, a obecnie zrównoważonego rozwoju. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiona została charakterystyka obu wspomnianych zadań. Ponadto przedstawiono argumentację uzasadniającą tezy formułowane przez ekofilozofię oraz wypracowane przez nią założenia, znajdujące się u podstaw skonkretyzowanych działań praktycznych na rzecz rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego, uwzględniającego i respektującego potrzeby i interesy świata przyrodniczego. ------------------------- Zgłoszono: 24/11/2022. Zrecenzowano: 06/03/2023. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 30/03/2023
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引用次数: 0
Sprawozdanie z działalności naukowej Katedry Filozofii Przyrody w Instytucie Filozofii UKSW w Warszawie w latach 2019-2022
Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.21697/spch.2023.59.s.01
Adam Świeżyński
1 października 2019 roku dotychczasowa Sekcja Filozofii Przyrody, składająca się z Katedry Filozofii Przyrody, Katedry Filozofii Przyrodoznawstwa oraz Katedry Metodologii Nauk Systemowo-Informacyjnych, została przekształcona w Katedrę Filozofii Przyrody (KFP). W okresie od utworzenia Katedry Filozofii Przyrody do końca 2022 roku aktywność naukowa jej pracowników obejmowała: realizację indywidualnych i wspólnych programów badawczych i związaną z nimi działalność publikacyjną; udział w konferencjach naukowych; spotkania w celu omówienia bieżących spraw organizacyjnych; spotkania tematyczne, poświęcone prezentacji realizowanej problematyki badawczej oraz dyskusji nad prezentowanymi treściami.--------------------------Zgłoszono: 20/02/2023. Zrecenzowano: 28/03/2023. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 30/03/2023.
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引用次数: 0
Can the Interdisciplinarity of Cognitive Science Be Saved Through Deconstruction? 解构能拯救认知科学的交叉学科吗?
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.21697/spch.2022.58.a.15
Przemysław R. Nowakowski
This paper discusses the resources for deconstruction offered by cognitive science, drawing inspiration from David Gunkel’s work on the topic (Deconstruction, MIT Press 2021). The gesture of deconstruction is seen as having a positive impact on the development of this interdisciplinary field by challenging misleading dichotomies and examining its underlying assumptions, such as the symmetry of integration. ------------------------- Received: 6/11/2022. Reviewed: 13/12/2022. Accepted: 20/12/2022.
本文讨论了认知科学提供的解构资源,从David Gunkel关于该主题的工作(解构,麻省理工学院出版社2021)中汲取灵感。解构主义的姿态被认为对这个跨学科领域的发展产生了积极的影响,它挑战了误导性的二分法,并检查了其潜在的假设,比如整合的对称性。-------------------------收稿日期:6/11/2022。综述:13/12/2022。接受:20/12/2022。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Studia Philosophiae Christianae
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