Pub Date : 2022-09-04DOI: 10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10515
Mahdi Shooraj, S. Mahdavi
Introduction: Hookworm infection has overwhelmed human beings for ages and there are explanations about helminths in the primary medicinal manuscripts from 1500 BC. Hookworm is one of the immense three Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) (Ascaris Lumbricoides, Trichuris Trichiura, and hookworm). The goal of this study is to review the prevailing studies on Hookworm infection, clinical symptoms, prevention and treatment to examine different findings in this dominion. Material and Methods: In the present investigation, the databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, IranDoc and SID were examined from 2000 to 2021 and related articles were reviewed. Results: Review of related investigations revealed that nearly, 2 billion individuals are affected with these helminths around the world and the infection encumbrance might approach malaria. Hookworm infection diagnosis relies on fecal trials, either microscopic or molecular. This infection causes intestinal blood loss, which lead to anemia. In this regard, school-aged children and pregnant women are individuals at the highest risk of infections. Conclusion: Several aspects such as warm and moist environment, polluted water supply, and poor hygiene affect transmission rate. Besides, some risk factors such as agricultural occupation, barefoot walking, exposure to infected soil, poor environmental sanitation, low socioeconomic background, poor personal hygiene, host age, genetics, and nutritional aspects affect both STH transmission and infection. Clinical symptoms of hookworm contagions are frequently non-specific and could be confusing. Thus, attention to the epidemiology, clinical factors, and laboratory results are significant for examination process. Now more than ever, new plans are needed to regulate hookworm and other STH infections
{"title":"A Review on the Clinical Symptoms and Treatment Methods of Human Hookworm Infections","authors":"Mahdi Shooraj, S. Mahdavi","doi":"10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10515","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hookworm infection has overwhelmed human beings for ages and there are explanations about helminths in the primary medicinal manuscripts from 1500 BC. Hookworm is one of the immense three Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) (Ascaris Lumbricoides, Trichuris Trichiura, and hookworm). The goal of this study is to review the prevailing studies on Hookworm infection, clinical symptoms, prevention and treatment to examine different findings in this dominion. \u0000Material and Methods: In the present investigation, the databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, IranDoc and SID were examined from 2000 to 2021 and related articles were reviewed. \u0000Results: Review of related investigations revealed that nearly, 2 billion individuals are affected with these helminths around the world and the infection encumbrance might approach malaria. Hookworm infection diagnosis relies on fecal trials, either microscopic or molecular. This infection causes intestinal blood loss, which lead to anemia. In this regard, school-aged children and pregnant women are individuals at the highest risk of infections. \u0000Conclusion: Several aspects such as warm and moist environment, polluted water supply, and poor hygiene affect transmission rate. Besides, some risk factors such as agricultural occupation, barefoot walking, exposure to infected soil, poor environmental sanitation, low socioeconomic background, poor personal hygiene, host age, genetics, and nutritional aspects affect both STH transmission and infection. Clinical symptoms of hookworm contagions are frequently non-specific and could be confusing. Thus, attention to the epidemiology, clinical factors, and laboratory results are significant for examination process. Now more than ever, new plans are needed to regulate hookworm and other STH infections","PeriodicalId":22117,"journal":{"name":"Tabari Biomedical Student Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89325574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-04DOI: 10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10510
M. Zanganeh, Ameneh Nazarnejad, B. Keshavarz, M. Zahedi
Introduction: Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is rare in pregnancy and occurs in less than 0.1% of pregnancies, it is one of the most common admissions of pregnant women to the intensive care unit and one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. The aim of this study was evaluation of the causes of ARF in pregnant women admitted to Shahid Sayyad Shirazi Hospital from 2014 to 2019. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive-analytical in pregnant women with respiratory disorders chief complaints. All cases of pregnant women admitted (1226 cases) were reviewed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: In total, 75 patients were enrolled in the study and their records were reviewed. The mean age of patients was 28.47 ± 5.06 years. Fifteen patients (25%) had ARF. The results showed that 13.3% of pregnant women with ARF needed to use mechanical ventilation (P=0.038). Also, women with history of chronic lung disease (CLD) are at higher risk for ARF (46.7% vs. 33.3%, P<0.001). Only 1.7% of mothers without symptoms of ARF were infected, but 46.7% of mothers with symptoms of ARF were infected (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that infectious causes (influenza) and underlying CLD including asthma were major causes of ARF in pregnant women. Thus, more careful attention is needed to control the underlying disease, and planning for easier access to the influenza vaccine can play an effective role in reducing the incidence of pulmonary infections.
急性呼吸衰竭(ARF)在妊娠期很少见，发生率不到0.1%，它是孕妇进入重症监护病房最常见的疾病之一，也是孕产妇死亡的主要原因之一。本研究的目的是评估2014年至2019年在Shahid Sayyad Shirazi医院住院的孕妇发生ARF的原因。材料和方法:对以呼吸系统疾病为主诉的孕妇进行回顾性横断面描述分析。对所有入院的孕妇病例(1226例)进行了回顾性分析。数据分析采用SPSS version 26。结果:共有75例患者纳入研究，并对他们的记录进行了回顾。患者平均年龄28.47±5.06岁。15例(25%)发生ARF。结果显示，13.3%的ARF孕妇需要使用机械通气(P=0.038)。此外，有慢性肺部疾病(CLD)史的女性发生ARF的风险更高(46.7%比33.3%，P<0.001)。在没有ARF症状的母亲中，只有1.7%被感染，但在有ARF症状的母亲中，有46.7%被感染(P<0.001)。结论:本研究结果表明，感染原因(流感)和潜在的CLD包括哮喘是孕妇ARF的主要原因。因此，需要更加仔细地注意控制潜在疾病，并为更容易获得流感疫苗进行规划，可在减少肺部感染发生率方面发挥有效作用。
{"title":"Evaluation of the Causes of Acute Respiratory Failure in Pregnant Women Admitted to Shahid Sayyad Shirazi Hospital before COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"M. Zanganeh, Ameneh Nazarnejad, B. Keshavarz, M. Zahedi","doi":"10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10510","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is rare in pregnancy and occurs in less than 0.1% of pregnancies, it is one of the most common admissions of pregnant women to the intensive care unit and one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. The aim of this study was evaluation of the causes of ARF in pregnant women admitted to Shahid Sayyad Shirazi Hospital from 2014 to 2019. \u0000Material and Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive-analytical in pregnant women with respiratory disorders chief complaints. All cases of pregnant women admitted (1226 cases) were reviewed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. \u0000Results: In total, 75 patients were enrolled in the study and their records were reviewed. The mean age of patients was 28.47 ± 5.06 years. Fifteen patients (25%) had ARF. The results showed that 13.3% of pregnant women with ARF needed to use mechanical ventilation (P=0.038). Also, women with history of chronic lung disease (CLD) are at higher risk for ARF (46.7% vs. 33.3%, P<0.001). Only 1.7% of mothers without symptoms of ARF were infected, but 46.7% of mothers with symptoms of ARF were infected (P<0.001). \u0000Conclusion: The results of the study showed that infectious causes (influenza) and underlying CLD including asthma were major causes of ARF in pregnant women. Thus, more careful attention is needed to control the underlying disease, and planning for easier access to the influenza vaccine can play an effective role in reducing the incidence of pulmonary infections.","PeriodicalId":22117,"journal":{"name":"Tabari Biomedical Student Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84519559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-04DOI: 10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10509
Sargol Damavand-Katooli
The Article Abstract is not Available.
文章摘要不可用。
{"title":"The Physician-Psychologist as a Model to Train Physicians","authors":"Sargol Damavand-Katooli","doi":"10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10509","url":null,"abstract":"The Article Abstract is not Available.","PeriodicalId":22117,"journal":{"name":"Tabari Biomedical Student Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80750010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-04DOI: 10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10514
M. Eghbali, Amirhosein Arab, M. Hosseinzadeh, Fatemeh Bodaghabadi, M. Ebrahimzadeh
Ziziphora clinopodioides, also known with vernacular names such as Kakuti-e kuhi, Pinah kuhi, Ankh, Lip vanilla, and mountain mint, is a wild flowering plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is used in treating typhoid fever, stomach strengthening, abdominal pains, inflammatory and cardiovascular disease, asthma, cough, bronchitis, insomnia, colds, flu, and other infectious diseases in traditional medicine. Additionally, Z. clinopodioides has various biological activities, including antibacterial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, appetizer, carminative, antiseptic, and wound-healing properties. In this study, the antifungal activities of Z. clinopodioides were summarized. The Keywords were searched in Scopus until 19 October 2021 and the articles that contain relevant information about the antifungal activity of Z. clinopodioides were included. Z. clinopodioides leaf and aerial parts had significant antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida guilliermondii, Candida krusei, Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, and Trichophyton schoenleini. In some studies, its effects were higher than standards (such as amphotericin B, fluconazole, nystatin, and terbinafine). Therefore, it seems that Z. clinopodioides can be a good choice for more experimental and clinical studies as an antifungal agent.
{"title":"A Review of Antifungal Activities of Ziziphora clinopodioides","authors":"M. Eghbali, Amirhosein Arab, M. Hosseinzadeh, Fatemeh Bodaghabadi, M. Ebrahimzadeh","doi":"10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10514","url":null,"abstract":"Ziziphora clinopodioides, also known with vernacular names such as Kakuti-e kuhi, Pinah kuhi, Ankh, Lip vanilla, and mountain mint, is a wild flowering plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is used in treating typhoid fever, stomach strengthening, abdominal pains, inflammatory and cardiovascular disease, asthma, cough, bronchitis, insomnia, colds, flu, and other infectious diseases in traditional medicine. Additionally, Z. clinopodioides has various biological activities, including antibacterial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, appetizer, carminative, antiseptic, and wound-healing properties. In this study, the antifungal activities of Z. clinopodioides were summarized. The Keywords were searched in Scopus until 19 October 2021 and the articles that contain relevant information about the antifungal activity of Z. clinopodioides were included. Z. clinopodioides leaf and aerial parts had significant antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida guilliermondii, Candida krusei, Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, and Trichophyton schoenleini. In some studies, its effects were higher than standards (such as amphotericin B, fluconazole, nystatin, and terbinafine). Therefore, it seems that Z. clinopodioides can be a good choice for more experimental and clinical studies as an antifungal agent.","PeriodicalId":22117,"journal":{"name":"Tabari Biomedical Student Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90270176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-04DOI: 10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10516
Mahdi Shooraj, Elahe Hajipour, S. Mahdavi
Echinococcus granulosus, is a cestode parasite that causes cystic echinococcosis. The vaccination procedure with tumor-associated antigens, coming from evolutionary distant organisms such as parasites, can be beneficial to override tolerance problems encountered with human tumor-associated antigens-based cancer therapeutic approaches. In this article, different databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, IranDoc and SID were examined from 2001 to 2021 and related articles were investigated. The review of related studies concerning human beings' treatment revealed the possibility of inhibition of cancer development via HCF antigens and mucin peptides extracted from this cestode. Besides, HCF treatment in animal models mostly showed that anti-cancer immune responses were activated. Of note, an influential issue in the design process of an anti-cancer vaccine is triggering efficacious anti-tumor responses by using idyllic antigens for immunization against cancer. In this realm, many antigens have been studied for this purpose and showed different ranges of effectiveness. Based on the cross-reactivity among parasitic and tumor antigens, detection of parasitic antigens that are highly homologous with cancer antigens is an ideal objective for immunization against cancer cells. As the toxicity of HCF was reported in some studies, further research are required to shed light on finding an innovative anti-cancer vaccine derived from parasites. This review article is useful for health managers and researchers working on the anti-cancer vaccine development.
{"title":"Immunological Examination of Echinococcus granulosus as a Candidate for Cancer Treatment and Vaccine Development: A Review Study","authors":"Mahdi Shooraj, Elahe Hajipour, S. Mahdavi","doi":"10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/tbsrj.v4i3.10516","url":null,"abstract":"Echinococcus granulosus, is a cestode parasite that causes cystic echinococcosis. The vaccination procedure with tumor-associated antigens, coming from evolutionary distant organisms such as parasites, can be beneficial to override tolerance problems encountered with human tumor-associated antigens-based cancer therapeutic approaches. In this article, different databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, IranDoc and SID were examined from 2001 to 2021 and related articles were investigated. The review of related studies concerning human beings' treatment revealed the possibility of inhibition of cancer development via HCF antigens and mucin peptides extracted from this cestode. Besides, HCF treatment in animal models mostly showed that anti-cancer immune responses were activated. Of note, an influential issue in the design process of an anti-cancer vaccine is triggering efficacious anti-tumor responses by using idyllic antigens for immunization against cancer. In this realm, many antigens have been studied for this purpose and showed different ranges of effectiveness. Based on the cross-reactivity among parasitic and tumor antigens, detection of parasitic antigens that are highly homologous with cancer antigens is an ideal objective for immunization against cancer cells. As the toxicity of HCF was reported in some studies, further research are required to shed light on finding an innovative anti-cancer vaccine derived from parasites. This review article is useful for health managers and researchers working on the anti-cancer vaccine development.","PeriodicalId":22117,"journal":{"name":"Tabari Biomedical Student Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87841922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9663
Roghayyeh Ghanbarpour Joybari, H. Jafari, Seyyed Mahmoud Samadian Kiamahalleh, G. Houshmand
Introduction: Medication errors are common in the emergency department and intensive care units, but they can be reduced with a series of appropriate planning. The study goal was to investigate the causes and extent of medication errors among the emergency and intensive care unit nurses. Material and Methods: This study was done as a review. In the present study, the studies were searched in Persian and English language databases such as SID, Magiran, Iran medex, Scopus and PubMed with the keywords such as medication error, nurses, emergency department, intensive care unit, nurse department, wrong medication, emergency nurse, and special department were searched in databases. The inclusion criteria were the articles dealing with the medication errors among the ICU nurses and the emergency departments. In order to review the present study articles, the year limit from 2014-2022 were applied. The exclusion criteria were the review articles. Results: The results showed that overwork, fatigue, deficiency of staff, illegible instructions, insufficient knowledge, physicians’ illegible handwriting, and night shifts, similar classification of drugs have been the causes of medication errors among the nurses. Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, it is suggested to hold re-training classes periodically and to have the number of staff proportionate to the needs of the department so that imposing too much workload on staff is avoided.
{"title":"A Review of Investigating Causes of Medication Errors among Nurses of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit","authors":"Roghayyeh Ghanbarpour Joybari, H. Jafari, Seyyed Mahmoud Samadian Kiamahalleh, G. Houshmand","doi":"10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9663","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Medication errors are common in the emergency department and intensive care units, but they can be reduced with a series of appropriate planning. The study goal was to investigate the causes and extent of medication errors among the emergency and intensive care unit nurses. \u0000Material and Methods: This study was done as a review. In the present study, the studies were searched in Persian and English language databases such as SID, Magiran, Iran medex, Scopus and PubMed with the keywords such as medication error, nurses, emergency department, intensive care unit, nurse department, wrong medication, emergency nurse, and special department were searched in databases. The inclusion criteria were the articles dealing with the medication errors among the ICU nurses and the emergency departments. In order to review the present study articles, the year limit from 2014-2022 were applied. The exclusion criteria were the review articles. \u0000Results: The results showed that overwork, fatigue, deficiency of staff, illegible instructions, insufficient knowledge, physicians’ illegible handwriting, and night shifts, similar classification of drugs have been the causes of medication errors among the nurses. \u0000Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, it is suggested to hold re-training classes periodically and to have the number of staff proportionate to the needs of the department so that imposing too much workload on staff is avoided.","PeriodicalId":22117,"journal":{"name":"Tabari Biomedical Student Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91433921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9660
M. Javdani, M. Nafar, A. Mohebi, Pegah Khosravian, A. Barzegar
Introduction: Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the main injuries of the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to evaluate leukocyte changes following implantation of a controlled drug delivery system of chitosan hydrogel loaded with selenium nanoparticles in rats with spinal cord injury. Material and Methods: For this purpose, 60 adult female rats with experimental thoracic spinal cord compression were divided into three equal groups: control group (did not receive any medication), chitosan group (received chitosan hydrogels), and nanoselnium group (received chitosan hydrogels containing selenium nanoparticles). Total and differential white blood cell count and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were measured on days 3, 7, 21 and 28 after induction of spinal cord injury. Results: The results showed that the total white blood cells and lymphocytes in the control group was significantly higher than the chitosan and nanoselnium groups in the various times. In addition, it was found that although in the chitosan group, a decrease in neutrophil population was observed, but in the nanoselnium group, the decrease in neutrophil population was significantly more than the other groups. Significant reduction of neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio on the third day of the study was also observed in the nanoselenium group compared to the other two groups. Conclusion: Implantation of chitosan hydrogel loaded with selenium nanoparticles controls the leukocyte response after spinal cord injury and thus potentially has a neuroprotective effect on spinal cord injury by controlling the secretion of inflammatory cytokines from the leukocytes.
{"title":"Evaluation of Leukocyte Response due to Implant of a Controlled Released Drug Delivery System of Chitosan Hydrogel Loaded with Selenium Nanoparticle in Rats with Experimental Spinal Cord Injury","authors":"M. Javdani, M. Nafar, A. Mohebi, Pegah Khosravian, A. Barzegar","doi":"10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9660","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the main injuries of the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to evaluate leukocyte changes following implantation of a controlled drug delivery system of chitosan hydrogel loaded with selenium nanoparticles in rats with spinal cord injury. \u0000Material and Methods: For this purpose, 60 adult female rats with experimental thoracic spinal cord compression were divided into three equal groups: control group (did not receive any medication), chitosan group (received chitosan hydrogels), and nanoselnium group (received chitosan hydrogels containing selenium nanoparticles). Total and differential white blood cell count and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were measured on days 3, 7, 21 and 28 after induction of spinal cord injury. \u0000Results: The results showed that the total white blood cells and lymphocytes in the control group was significantly higher than the chitosan and nanoselnium groups in the various times. In addition, it was found that although in the chitosan group, a decrease in neutrophil population was observed, but in the nanoselnium group, the decrease in neutrophil population was significantly more than the other groups. Significant reduction of neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio on the third day of the study was also observed in the nanoselenium group compared to the other two groups. \u0000Conclusion: Implantation of chitosan hydrogel loaded with selenium nanoparticles controls the leukocyte response after spinal cord injury and thus potentially has a neuroprotective effect on spinal cord injury by controlling the secretion of inflammatory cytokines from the leukocytes.","PeriodicalId":22117,"journal":{"name":"Tabari Biomedical Student Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90992054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9661
M. Bahrami, Farzane Felehkari, Mahdie Darvish-Khezri, A. Kheirandish, Aghil Mollaie, Mohammad Ahmadi, Zahra Faghihian, H. Mostafavi, Pardis Karimnezhad, Nima Ahmadi Nik Jouneghani, S. Azizi
Introduction: Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of adverse transfusion reactions (ATRs), unexpected or undesirable effects resulting from the therapeutic use of blood products. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the medical records of ATR patients who were referred to Mazandaran Heart Center from March 2014 until July 2020. Patients needed blood transfusions during the operation for various reasons; complications related to blood administration were considered ATR. Age, sex, associated clinical signs, symptoms, and adverse response were composed of a patient's file checklist with ethical points. SPSS 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: In this study, 23,206 blood products were used in hospitals as treatment, and there were 96 reactions (4%) because of transfusion, and 10 patients had a history of recent reactions. There was not any specific connection between the age of patients and the existence of complications. Most reactions were allergic (44%) and non-hemolytic febrile reactions (42%). It is essential to state that 91% of adverse reactions were slight ones, and only 5% led to the injury. Out of 96 patients with complications, 79 patients received blood products as pack cells; 6 patients received Fresh Frozen Plasma; 3 patients received autologous blood products, while this number was one for Blood Low Leukocytes and platelets (PLT). Conclusion: Based on this investigation, the risk of adverse transfusion reactions (ATRs) is 4%, and universally 85 million units of blood products are transfused every year. Consequently, investigation to reduce this number is required.
{"title":"Prevalence of Adverse Transfusion Reactions in Hospitalized Patients in Tertiary Heart Center of Sari, Iran in 2014-2020","authors":"M. Bahrami, Farzane Felehkari, Mahdie Darvish-Khezri, A. Kheirandish, Aghil Mollaie, Mohammad Ahmadi, Zahra Faghihian, H. Mostafavi, Pardis Karimnezhad, Nima Ahmadi Nik Jouneghani, S. Azizi","doi":"10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9661","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of adverse transfusion reactions (ATRs), unexpected or undesirable effects resulting from the therapeutic use of blood products. \u0000Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the medical records of ATR patients who were referred to Mazandaran Heart Center from March 2014 until July 2020. Patients needed blood transfusions during the operation for various reasons; complications related to blood administration were considered ATR. Age, sex, associated clinical signs, symptoms, and adverse response were composed of a patient's file checklist with ethical points. SPSS 16.0 was used for statistical analysis. \u0000Results: In this study, 23,206 blood products were used in hospitals as treatment, and there were 96 reactions (4%) because of transfusion, and 10 patients had a history of recent reactions. There was not any specific connection between the age of patients and the existence of complications. Most reactions were allergic (44%) and non-hemolytic febrile reactions (42%). It is essential to state that 91% of adverse reactions were slight ones, and only 5% led to the injury. Out of 96 patients with complications, 79 patients received blood products as pack cells; 6 patients received Fresh Frozen Plasma; 3 patients received autologous blood products, while this number was one for Blood Low Leukocytes and platelets (PLT). \u0000Conclusion: Based on this investigation, the risk of adverse transfusion reactions (ATRs) is 4%, and universally 85 million units of blood products are transfused every year. Consequently, investigation to reduce this number is required.","PeriodicalId":22117,"journal":{"name":"Tabari Biomedical Student Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89910480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9659
Siavash Kooranifar, Mohsen Asna ashari, Vahan Moradians, T. Riahi
Pneumothorax occurs when air escapes from the lungs and enters the space between the lungs and the pleural space, for which there are many reasons for this defect. There are many treatments from the past to the present that are not currently satisfactory for patients. In recent years, endobronchial valve has been used and in this study, this valve has been used for 5 patients. In all patients, a silicone valve with a size of 8-10 was used and on average, each patient had about 7 days of valving. Three out of 5 patients had underlying diseases and in the end all patients were satisfied with the type of treatment. According to the results of recent studies, it seems that a potential trial to evaluate the management of air leakage after lung resection as well as traumatic, pathological and spontaneous pneumothorax is necessary to evaluate the management of air leakage.
{"title":"Endobronchial Valves for Challenging Persistent Air Leaks in Bronchopleural Fistula: A Case Series","authors":"Siavash Kooranifar, Mohsen Asna ashari, Vahan Moradians, T. Riahi","doi":"10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9659","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumothorax occurs when air escapes from the lungs and enters the space between the lungs and the pleural space, for which there are many reasons for this defect. There are many treatments from the past to the present that are not currently satisfactory for patients. In recent years, endobronchial valve has been used and in this study, this valve has been used for 5 patients. In all patients, a silicone valve with a size of 8-10 was used and on average, each patient had about 7 days of valving. Three out of 5 patients had underlying diseases and in the end all patients were satisfied with the type of treatment. According to the results of recent studies, it seems that a potential trial to evaluate the management of air leakage after lung resection as well as traumatic, pathological and spontaneous pneumothorax is necessary to evaluate the management of air leakage.","PeriodicalId":22117,"journal":{"name":"Tabari Biomedical Student Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74744926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9665
Mahdi Shooraj, Fatemeh Ramezan Yazdi, S. Mahdavi
Leishmaniasis is a tropical mistreated sandfly-borne contagion caused by hemoflagellate protozoa of the Leishmania species and it is endemic in many countries such as Iran, Afghanistan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, and Peru. After malaria, leishmania spp. causes the highest rates of mortality and morbidity. Several major risk factors are involved in the spread of leishmaniasis such as drug resistance, environmental changes, HIV epidemic, inadequate vector control and migration of non-immune individuals to endemic areas. Leishmaniasis is a disease with diverse clinical manifestations that depends on both infecting species of Leishmania and the immune response of the host. Different forms of the disease include cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral forms. The most dangerous form is Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) which can be fatal among untreated patients. The availability of the inadequate number of antileishmanial chemotherapeutic compounds, high-cost treatment, rising drug resistance as well as severe toxicities of the drugs obscures the treatment of VL. Many investigations showed antileishmanial activity of herbal extracts or chemical derivatives from natural sources in vitro against promastigote and amastigote forms or in vivo against Leishmania-infected animals. A review of related studies revealed that herbal extracts demonstrating antileishmanial activities in vivo or in vitro alone or combined with suggested drugs seem to confirm their use in folk medicine. Additionally, the antileishmanial activity of more than a hundred plants have been recognized in this regard. It is worth noting that plants are notable sources of medicine production, because of their long association with parasites.
{"title":"A Review of the Effects of Herbal Medicines on Leishmaniasis","authors":"Mahdi Shooraj, Fatemeh Ramezan Yazdi, S. Mahdavi","doi":"10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9665","url":null,"abstract":"Leishmaniasis is a tropical mistreated sandfly-borne contagion caused by hemoflagellate protozoa of the Leishmania species and it is endemic in many countries such as Iran, Afghanistan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, and Peru. After malaria, leishmania spp. causes the highest rates of mortality and morbidity. Several major risk factors are involved in the spread of leishmaniasis such as drug resistance, environmental changes, HIV epidemic, inadequate vector control and migration of non-immune individuals to endemic areas. Leishmaniasis is a disease with diverse clinical manifestations that depends on both infecting species of Leishmania and the immune response of the host. Different forms of the disease include cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral forms. The most dangerous form is Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) which can be fatal among untreated patients. The availability of the inadequate number of antileishmanial chemotherapeutic compounds, high-cost treatment, rising drug resistance as well as severe toxicities of the drugs obscures the treatment of VL. Many investigations showed antileishmanial activity of herbal extracts or chemical derivatives from natural sources in vitro against promastigote and amastigote forms or in vivo against Leishmania-infected animals. A review of related studies revealed that herbal extracts demonstrating antileishmanial activities in vivo or in vitro alone or combined with suggested drugs seem to confirm their use in folk medicine. Additionally, the antileishmanial activity of more than a hundred plants have been recognized in this regard. It is worth noting that plants are notable sources of medicine production, because of their long association with parasites.","PeriodicalId":22117,"journal":{"name":"Tabari Biomedical Student Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86455289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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