Suchismita Majumdar, A. Roy, I. Nandi, Prantik Banerjee, Swapna M. Banerjee, M. Ghosh, S. Chakrabarti
{"title":"Paper coated with sonochemically synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles: Enhancement of properties for preservation of documents","authors":"Suchismita Majumdar, A. Roy, I. Nandi, Prantik Banerjee, Swapna M. Banerjee, M. Ghosh, S. Chakrabarti","doi":"10.32964/TJ16.1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ16.1.25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22255,"journal":{"name":"Tappi Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"25-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Lyckeskog, Cecilia Mattsson, L. Olausson, S. Andersson, Lennart Vamling, H. Theliander
Accelerated aging of bio-oil derived from lignin was investigated at different aging temperatures (50 degrees C and 80 degrees C) and times (1 hour, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month). The bio-oil used was produced by the hydrothermal liquefaction of kraft lignin, using phenol as the capping agent, and base (potassium carbonate and potassium hydroxide) and zirconium dioxide as the catalytic system in subcritical water. Elemental composition, molecular weight (by using gel permeation chromatography), and chemical composition (by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance [18.8 T, DMSO-d(6)]) of the bio-oil were measured to gain better understanding of the changes that occurred after being subjected to an accelerated aging process. The lignin-derived hydrothermal liquefaction bio-oil was quite stable compared with biomass-pyrolysis bio-oil. The yield of the low molecular weight fraction (light oil) decreased from 64.1% to 58.1% and that of tetrahydrofuran insoluble fraction increased from 16.5% to 22.2% after aging at 80 degrees C for 1 month. Phenol and phenolic dimers (Ar-CH2-Ar) had high reactivity compared with other aromatic substituents (i.e., methoxyl and aldehyde groups); these may participate in the polymerization/condensation reactions in the hydrothermal liquefaction bio-oil during accelerated aging. Moreover, the 2D heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the high molecular weight fraction (heavy oil) in the aged raw oil in the aromatic region showed that the structure of this fraction was a combination of phenol-alkyl patterns, and the guaiacol cross-peaks of Ar-2, Ar-5, and Ar-6 after aging indicate that a new polymer was formed during the aging process. Application: Pulp mill personnel can use this information when considering technology to extract lignin from black liquor and process it further into bio-oil.
{"title":"Accelerated aging of bio-oil from lignin conversion in subcritical water","authors":"H. Lyckeskog, Cecilia Mattsson, L. Olausson, S. Andersson, Lennart Vamling, H. Theliander","doi":"10.32964/TJ16.3.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ16.3.123","url":null,"abstract":"Accelerated aging of bio-oil derived from lignin was investigated at different aging temperatures (50 degrees C and 80 degrees C) and times (1 hour, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month). The bio-oil used was produced by the hydrothermal liquefaction of kraft lignin, using phenol as the capping agent, and base (potassium carbonate and potassium hydroxide) and zirconium dioxide as the catalytic system in subcritical water. Elemental composition, molecular weight (by using gel permeation chromatography), and chemical composition (by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance [18.8 T, DMSO-d(6)]) of the bio-oil were measured to gain better understanding of the changes that occurred after being subjected to an accelerated aging process. The lignin-derived hydrothermal liquefaction bio-oil was quite stable compared with biomass-pyrolysis bio-oil. The yield of the low molecular weight fraction (light oil) decreased from 64.1% to 58.1% and that of tetrahydrofuran insoluble fraction increased from 16.5% to 22.2% after aging at 80 degrees C for 1 month. Phenol and phenolic dimers (Ar-CH2-Ar) had high reactivity compared with other aromatic substituents (i.e., methoxyl and aldehyde groups); these may participate in the polymerization/condensation reactions in the hydrothermal liquefaction bio-oil during accelerated aging. Moreover, the 2D heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the high molecular weight fraction (heavy oil) in the aged raw oil in the aromatic region showed that the structure of this fraction was a combination of phenol-alkyl patterns, and the guaiacol cross-peaks of Ar-2, Ar-5, and Ar-6 after aging indicate that a new polymer was formed during the aging process. Application: Pulp mill personnel can use this information when considering technology to extract lignin from black liquor and process it further into bio-oil.","PeriodicalId":22255,"journal":{"name":"Tappi Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"123-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69473046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The presence of dissolved matter in the pulp suspension in an oxygen (O-2) delignification stage, consisting mainly of dissolved lignin, is normally considered to negatively affect the delignificat ...
{"title":"Impact of dissolved matter in the oxygen delignification stage","authors":"Carolyn M. Wilke, N. Andersson, U. Germgard","doi":"10.32964/TJ16.5.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ16.5.275","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of dissolved matter in the pulp suspension in an oxygen (O-2) delignification stage, consisting mainly of dissolved lignin, is normally considered to negatively affect the delignificat ...","PeriodicalId":22255,"journal":{"name":"Tappi Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"275-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69473054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This investigation used numerical models to describe forming section sheet dewatering at the high vacuum suction boxes. Three different fabric structures were examined with numerical models for sin ...
本研究采用数值模型描述了高真空吸箱中成形截面板料的脱水过程。用数值模型研究了三种不同的织物结构。
{"title":"Modeling the influence of forming fabric structure on vacuum box dewatering","authors":"B. Sjöstrand, Christophe Barbier, L. Nilsson","doi":"10.32964/TJ16.8.477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ16.8.477","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation used numerical models to describe forming section sheet dewatering at the high vacuum suction boxes. Three different fabric structures were examined with numerical models for sin ...","PeriodicalId":22255,"journal":{"name":"Tappi Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"477-483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69473087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The trademarked Papermorphosis technology, consisting of two novel units for separately increasing cross direction (CD) and machine direction (MD) elongation over purely mechanical processes, has b ...
{"title":"Innovative technology for making improved paper from the poorest fibers","authors":"M. Sterner, M. Magnusson","doi":"10.32964/TJ16.11.633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ16.11.633","url":null,"abstract":"The trademarked Papermorphosis technology, consisting of two novel units for separately increasing cross direction (CD) and machine direction (MD) elongation over purely mechanical processes, has b ...","PeriodicalId":22255,"journal":{"name":"Tappi Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"633-637"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69473041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes the combustion properties of birch and spruce kraft black liquors obtained from an integrated forest biorefinery concept in which a hot-water extraction of chips was performed prior to pulping. This pretreatment, aiming mainly at the recovery of various hemicelluloses-derived materials, increased the concentrations of lignin and hydroxy acids in black liquors, compared to those in the reference black liquors without any process modification. On the other hand, the pretreatment decreased the concentrations of volatile acids and other organics (extractives and hemicellulose residues). Due to these characteristic changes, the total burning times (pyrolysis time plus char burning time) of the reference black liquors were somewhat longer than those of black liquors from the modified cooking process. It was also shown that the novel biorefinery-based black liquors swell more than the conventional ones. This phenomenon was concluded to be primarily associated with the combined effect of high-molarmass lignin fragments and hydroxy acids. All of the detected changes in combustion behavior were more intense for birch black liquors than for spruce black liquors. Application: This study clarifies various effects caused by the typical hot-water pretreatment of hardwood and softwood chips prior to kraft pulping on the combustion properties of black liquor.
{"title":"Combustion behavior of kraft black liquor droplets from hot water pretreated hardwood and softwood chips","authors":"Cheng-Gang Chen, R. Alén, J. Lehto, H. Pakkanen","doi":"10.32964/TJ15.11.685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ15.11.685","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the combustion properties of birch and spruce kraft black liquors obtained from an integrated forest biorefinery concept in which a hot-water extraction of chips was performed prior to pulping. This pretreatment, aiming mainly at the recovery of various hemicelluloses-derived materials, increased the concentrations of lignin and hydroxy acids in black liquors, compared to those in the reference black liquors without any process modification. On the other hand, the pretreatment decreased the concentrations of volatile acids and other organics (extractives and hemicellulose residues). Due to these characteristic changes, the total burning times (pyrolysis time plus char burning time) of the reference black liquors were somewhat longer than those of black liquors from the modified cooking process. It was also shown that the novel biorefinery-based black liquors swell more than the conventional ones. This phenomenon was concluded to be primarily associated with the combined effect of high-molarmass lignin fragments and hydroxy acids. All of the detected changes in combustion behavior were more intense for birch black liquors than for spruce black liquors. Application: This study clarifies various effects caused by the typical hot-water pretreatment of hardwood and softwood chips prior to kraft pulping on the combustion properties of black liquor.","PeriodicalId":22255,"journal":{"name":"Tappi Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"685-691"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Kinnunen-Raudaskoski, K. Salminen, J. Lehmonen, T. Hjelt
{"title":"Increased dryness after pressing and wet web strength by utilizing foam application technology","authors":"K. Kinnunen-Raudaskoski, K. Salminen, J. Lehmonen, T. Hjelt","doi":"10.32964/TJ15.11.731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ15.11.731","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22255,"journal":{"name":"Tappi Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"731-738"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The influence of strain rate and pulp properties on the stress relaxation of wet paper — modeling of relaxation","authors":"Jarmo Kouko, J. Sorvari, E. Retulainen","doi":"10.32964/TJ15.11.693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ15.11.693","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22255,"journal":{"name":"Tappi Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"693-703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Kenttä, Hanna Koskela, S. Paunonen, K. Kinnunen-Raudaskoski, T. Hjelt
{"title":"Functional surfaces produced by foam coating","authors":"E. Kenttä, Hanna Koskela, S. Paunonen, K. Kinnunen-Raudaskoski, T. Hjelt","doi":"10.32964/TJ15.8.515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ15.8.515","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22255,"journal":{"name":"Tappi Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"515-521"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69472931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Donna Johnson, Mark Papadis, M. Bilodeau, B. Crossley, M. Foulger, P. Gélinas
{"title":"Effects of cellulosic nanofibrils on papermaking properties of fine papers","authors":"Donna Johnson, Mark Papadis, M. Bilodeau, B. Crossley, M. Foulger, P. Gélinas","doi":"10.32964/tj15.6.395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32964/tj15.6.395","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22255,"journal":{"name":"Tappi Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"395-402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69473370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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