A. Srivastava, Ruchi Singh, N. Srivastava, R. Naik
Abstract The kinetic investigation of Ru(III) promoted oxidation of L-phenylalanine (L-PheAla) by [Fe(CN)6]3− has been performed in anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micellar medium by recording the decrease in absorbance at 420 nm corresponding to [Fe(CN)6]3− using an UV–visible spectrophotometer. Using the pseudo-first-order condition, the course of the reaction was studied as a function of [Fe(CN)63−], ionic strength, [OH−], [SDS], [Ru3+], [L-PheAla] and temperature by changing one variable at a time. The results exhibit that [OH−], [SDS], and [L-PheAla] are the crucial parameters that have an appreciable influence on the reaction rate. The reaction exhibits first-order kinetics in concentration ranges of Ru(III), [Fe(CN)6]3− and at low [L-PheAla] and [OH−] concentrations. The incremental trend observed in the reaction rate with electrolyte concentration shows a positive salt effect. The reaction rate is almost 10 times faster in SDS micellar medium than in aqueous medium. [Fe(CN)6]3− has no appreciable effect on the CMC of SDS, since the polar head of SDS and [Fe(CN)6]3− are both negatively charged. The K+ obtained from K3[Fe(CN)6] and KNO3 decreases the repulsion between the negatively charged heads of the surfactant molecules, which decreases the CMC of SDS. The activation parameters also support the outer-sphere electron transfer mechanism.
{"title":"Kinetic study of Ru(III) – catalyzed oxidation of L-phenylalanine by hexacyanoferrate(III) in an anionic surfactant medium","authors":"A. Srivastava, Ruchi Singh, N. Srivastava, R. Naik","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2022-2477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2022-2477","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The kinetic investigation of Ru(III) promoted oxidation of L-phenylalanine (L-PheAla) by [Fe(CN)6]3− has been performed in anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micellar medium by recording the decrease in absorbance at 420 nm corresponding to [Fe(CN)6]3− using an UV–visible spectrophotometer. Using the pseudo-first-order condition, the course of the reaction was studied as a function of [Fe(CN)63−], ionic strength, [OH−], [SDS], [Ru3+], [L-PheAla] and temperature by changing one variable at a time. The results exhibit that [OH−], [SDS], and [L-PheAla] are the crucial parameters that have an appreciable influence on the reaction rate. The reaction exhibits first-order kinetics in concentration ranges of Ru(III), [Fe(CN)6]3− and at low [L-PheAla] and [OH−] concentrations. The incremental trend observed in the reaction rate with electrolyte concentration shows a positive salt effect. The reaction rate is almost 10 times faster in SDS micellar medium than in aqueous medium. [Fe(CN)6]3− has no appreciable effect on the CMC of SDS, since the polar head of SDS and [Fe(CN)6]3− are both negatively charged. The K+ obtained from K3[Fe(CN)6] and KNO3 decreases the repulsion between the negatively charged heads of the surfactant molecules, which decreases the CMC of SDS. The activation parameters also support the outer-sphere electron transfer mechanism.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43820630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Richa Mahesh Natekar, C. E. M. DCruz, L R Amruth Kumar, P. Bhide, R. Shirodkar
Abstract Felodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker commonly used for the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension and angina pectoris. Felodipine undergoes extensive hepatic first pass metabolism resulting in low oral bioavailability of 15 %. The aim of this study is to develop a formulation of nanovesicular Spanlastics to improve the transdermal delivery of felodipine and solve the problem of low bioavailability. The felodipine-loaded Spanlastics were prepared using the ethanol injection method with Span 60 as surfactant and Tween 80, which provides elasticity to the vesicles, according to the 23 factorial design using Design Expert® Software version 13. The solution that had the highest desirability was optimized. The final five runs were incorporated into a gel base and evaluated for in vitro drug release, spreadability and viscosity. Stability studies were conducted over a period of 3 months. The formulated Spanlastics had a particle size in the range of (132–155) nm and an entrapment efficiency in the range of (80–94) %. The final five runs were found to have optimum characteristics. Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction studies and Fourier transform infrared studies were performed to ensure the encapsulation of the drug in the nanovesicles. The developed hydrogel showed in vitro drug release in the range of (80–94) % and the formulation was found to be stable after a period of 3 months. The optimized formula comprised of Span 60 and Tween 80 in ratio of 8:2. Overall, the results confirmed that Spanlastics loaded with felodipine proved to be superior nanocarriers for transdermal delivery of felodipine.
{"title":"Felodipine-loaded Spanlastics: superior nanocarriers for transdermal delivery","authors":"Richa Mahesh Natekar, C. E. M. DCruz, L R Amruth Kumar, P. Bhide, R. Shirodkar","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2022-2483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2022-2483","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Felodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker commonly used for the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension and angina pectoris. Felodipine undergoes extensive hepatic first pass metabolism resulting in low oral bioavailability of 15 %. The aim of this study is to develop a formulation of nanovesicular Spanlastics to improve the transdermal delivery of felodipine and solve the problem of low bioavailability. The felodipine-loaded Spanlastics were prepared using the ethanol injection method with Span 60 as surfactant and Tween 80, which provides elasticity to the vesicles, according to the 23 factorial design using Design Expert® Software version 13. The solution that had the highest desirability was optimized. The final five runs were incorporated into a gel base and evaluated for in vitro drug release, spreadability and viscosity. Stability studies were conducted over a period of 3 months. The formulated Spanlastics had a particle size in the range of (132–155) nm and an entrapment efficiency in the range of (80–94) %. The final five runs were found to have optimum characteristics. Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction studies and Fourier transform infrared studies were performed to ensure the encapsulation of the drug in the nanovesicles. The developed hydrogel showed in vitro drug release in the range of (80–94) % and the formulation was found to be stable after a period of 3 months. The optimized formula comprised of Span 60 and Tween 80 in ratio of 8:2. Overall, the results confirmed that Spanlastics loaded with felodipine proved to be superior nanocarriers for transdermal delivery of felodipine.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43470034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are emerging biodegradable bioplastics, and rhamnolipids are sustainable biosurfactants; both are considered as alternatives to synthetic petroleum-based plastics and surfactants, respectively. Herein, the effects of three distinct nitrogen sources on PHAs and rhamnolipid yields during the fermentation process have been undertaken. The study focuses on the optimum co-production of PHAs and rhamnolipid using a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain grown on wasted soybean oil (WSO) with different nitrogen sources in the minimal salts’ media under salinity stress with shake flask conditions. The yields of PHAs and rhamnolipids were observed to be 2.20 g L−1 and 1.02 g L−1, respectively, with carbamide as the sole nitrogen and WSO (2 %, w/v) as the sole carbon source. The fermentative yields of both PHAs (2.37 g L−1) and rhamnolipids (1.24 g L−1) roughly increased up to 8 % under salinity stress. The products were characterized using advanced analytical techniques. The chemical structure of rhamnolipid with this strain had previously been elucidated, whereas the PHA produced was identified as a poly(hydroxybutyrate).
摘要聚羟基烷酸酯是一种新兴的可生物降解的生物塑料，鼠李糖脂是一种可持续的生物表面活性剂；两者分别被认为是合成石油基塑料和表面活性剂的替代品。在此，研究了发酵过程中三种不同氮源对PHA和鼠李糖脂产量的影响。本研究的重点是在盐胁迫和摇瓶条件下，使用在具有不同氮源的废大豆油（WSO）上生长的铜绿假单胞菌菌株，在最低盐培养基中，优化共生产PHA和鼠李糖脂。观察到PHA和鼠李糖脂的产量为2.20g L−1和1.02 g 分别为L−1，尿素为唯一的氮和WSO（2 %, w/v）作为唯一的碳源。两种PHA的发酵产量（2.37 g L−1）和鼠李糖脂（1.24 g L−1）大致增加到8 % 在盐度胁迫下。使用先进的分析技术对产品进行了表征。该菌株的鼠李糖脂的化学结构先前已经阐明，而产生的PHA被鉴定为聚（羟基丁酸酯）。
{"title":"Single batch co-production of Pseudomonad polyhydroxybutyrate and rhamnolipids on wasted cooking oil under salinity stress","authors":"Z. A. Raza, Muhammad Rizwan Tariq","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2023-2511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2023-2511","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are emerging biodegradable bioplastics, and rhamnolipids are sustainable biosurfactants; both are considered as alternatives to synthetic petroleum-based plastics and surfactants, respectively. Herein, the effects of three distinct nitrogen sources on PHAs and rhamnolipid yields during the fermentation process have been undertaken. The study focuses on the optimum co-production of PHAs and rhamnolipid using a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain grown on wasted soybean oil (WSO) with different nitrogen sources in the minimal salts’ media under salinity stress with shake flask conditions. The yields of PHAs and rhamnolipids were observed to be 2.20 g L−1 and 1.02 g L−1, respectively, with carbamide as the sole nitrogen and WSO (2 %, w/v) as the sole carbon source. The fermentative yields of both PHAs (2.37 g L−1) and rhamnolipids (1.24 g L−1) roughly increased up to 8 % under salinity stress. The products were characterized using advanced analytical techniques. The chemical structure of rhamnolipid with this strain had previously been elucidated, whereas the PHA produced was identified as a poly(hydroxybutyrate).","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49285979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Benzene and 1-dodecene are often alkylated to produce linear alkylbenzene (LAB). LAB is the raw material for the production of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), a very important anionic surfactant used in both industrial cleaning and commercial laundry processes, as well as in household laundry detergents. In the present study, we investigated the use of [Et3NH]Cl–2AlCl3 modified with CuCl2 as a catalyst for the alkylation of benzene with 1-dodecene, specifically looking at the effect of reaction conditions on product activity. The results showed that a conversion of 1-dodecene of 100.0 % and a selectivity of LAB of 93.79 % could be obtained when the following ideal reaction conditions were present: molar ratio of benzene/1-dodecene = 6, reaction temperature = 25 °C, reaction time = 10 min, stirring speed of 1000 rpm and addition of 5.0 mol % CuCl2). The catalyst concentration was 7.0 mol %. FTIR and 31P-TMPO-NMR measurements were performed to characterise the ionic liquid before and after the addition of CuCl2. After the addition of CuCl2, it was found that the acidity of the ionic liquid had decreased. The regeneration of the catalyst was also investigated and the cause of inactivation of the catalyst was determined. The results showed that CuCl2 modified the ionic liquids and decreased the benzene/1-dodecene ratio, but the high product selectivity was maintained.
{"title":"CuCl2-modified ionic liquids for alkylation of benzene with 1-dodecene","authors":"Yarou Yang, Xu Li, Jinxiang Dong","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2022-2493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2022-2493","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Benzene and 1-dodecene are often alkylated to produce linear alkylbenzene (LAB). LAB is the raw material for the production of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), a very important anionic surfactant used in both industrial cleaning and commercial laundry processes, as well as in household laundry detergents. In the present study, we investigated the use of [Et3NH]Cl–2AlCl3 modified with CuCl2 as a catalyst for the alkylation of benzene with 1-dodecene, specifically looking at the effect of reaction conditions on product activity. The results showed that a conversion of 1-dodecene of 100.0 % and a selectivity of LAB of 93.79 % could be obtained when the following ideal reaction conditions were present: molar ratio of benzene/1-dodecene = 6, reaction temperature = 25 °C, reaction time = 10 min, stirring speed of 1000 rpm and addition of 5.0 mol % CuCl2). The catalyst concentration was 7.0 mol %. FTIR and 31P-TMPO-NMR measurements were performed to characterise the ionic liquid before and after the addition of CuCl2. After the addition of CuCl2, it was found that the acidity of the ionic liquid had decreased. The regeneration of the catalyst was also investigated and the cause of inactivation of the catalyst was determined. The results showed that CuCl2 modified the ionic liquids and decreased the benzene/1-dodecene ratio, but the high product selectivity was maintained.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44963900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A simple and direct determination method for protein on fabric by measuring the surface reflectance of the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) reaction color has been reported. This study investigated the effects of four synthetic surfactants, six sodium fatty acids and one enzyme, as the coexisting substance on the direct determination of protein in cotton fabrics. The influence of the coexisting substance to the BCA reagent was examined. Then, seven coexisting substances present in detergents were selected, and the reflectance of reacted test swatch by protein and each coexisting substances were also measured, and then compared to the values obtained for protein alone. With the exception of sodium dodecyl sulfate and lauric acid, the concentration of the surfactants used in this study had little effect on protein determination. At low protease concentration there were no significant effects on the BCA method and determination.
{"title":"Effects of surfactants and enzymes on the direct determination of protein on fabric using the BCA reaction","authors":"Mai Tsukazaki, M. Morita, Y. Yoneyama","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2023-2507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2023-2507","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A simple and direct determination method for protein on fabric by measuring the surface reflectance of the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) reaction color has been reported. This study investigated the effects of four synthetic surfactants, six sodium fatty acids and one enzyme, as the coexisting substance on the direct determination of protein in cotton fabrics. The influence of the coexisting substance to the BCA reagent was examined. Then, seven coexisting substances present in detergents were selected, and the reflectance of reacted test swatch by protein and each coexisting substances were also measured, and then compared to the values obtained for protein alone. With the exception of sodium dodecyl sulfate and lauric acid, the concentration of the surfactants used in this study had little effect on protein determination. At low protease concentration there were no significant effects on the BCA method and determination.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47193041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robin R. Benedix, Hailey Poole, D. Zauser, Natalie Preisig, P. Jessop, C. Stubenrauch
Abstract CO2-switchable materials in general and CO2-switchable surfactants in particular are of great interest in environmental research. There is a great potential to make processes more environmentally friendly by enhancing reusability and circularity and thus reducing material costs and energy consumption by replacing common non-switchable surfactants with their switchable counterparts. Inspired by this, the present work deals with the surface and foaming properties of aqueous solutions of the novel anionic CO2-switchable tail surfactant sodium 4-(methyl(octyl)amino)butane-1-sulfonate. In the presence of N2, the unprotonated surfactant is able to stabilize foams. By switching, i.e. by protonating the CO2-responsive trialkyl amine group in the surfactants hydrocarbon chain, the amphiphilic nature of the surfactant is reduced which is indicated by an increase of the plateau surface tension and a higher CMC compared to the non-protonated surfactant. Furthermore, the ability of the protonated surfactant to stabilize foams is reduced.
{"title":"Surface and foaming properties of an anionic CO2-switchable tail surfactant","authors":"Robin R. Benedix, Hailey Poole, D. Zauser, Natalie Preisig, P. Jessop, C. Stubenrauch","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2023-2524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2023-2524","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract CO2-switchable materials in general and CO2-switchable surfactants in particular are of great interest in environmental research. There is a great potential to make processes more environmentally friendly by enhancing reusability and circularity and thus reducing material costs and energy consumption by replacing common non-switchable surfactants with their switchable counterparts. Inspired by this, the present work deals with the surface and foaming properties of aqueous solutions of the novel anionic CO2-switchable tail surfactant sodium 4-(methyl(octyl)amino)butane-1-sulfonate. In the presence of N2, the unprotonated surfactant is able to stabilize foams. By switching, i.e. by protonating the CO2-responsive trialkyl amine group in the surfactants hydrocarbon chain, the amphiphilic nature of the surfactant is reduced which is indicated by an increase of the plateau surface tension and a higher CMC compared to the non-protonated surfactant. Furthermore, the ability of the protonated surfactant to stabilize foams is reduced.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48380460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this study, the properties of amide Gemini surfactants (DLP-12, DLP-14 and DLP-16) were investigated. The results showed that these surfactants have good wettability and solubility, but these properties deteriorate with increasing hydrophobic chain length. The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) measured by the Wilhelmy method and by the steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy were similar and showed the same trend: The CMC values decreased with increasing hydrophobic chain length. The solubilization capacities in toluene were (6320, 6440 and 6680) mL/mol for DLP-12, DLP-14 and DLP-16, respectively, indicating an improvement in solubilization ability. Thermal stability experiments showed that the initial decomposition temperatures of the three surfactants were (301, 320 and 331) °C, respectively, indicating good thermal stability of these surfactants.
{"title":"Study on the properties of amide Gemini surfactants","authors":"Y. Cai, Hujun Xu, Peng Ling","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2022-2468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2022-2468","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, the properties of amide Gemini surfactants (DLP-12, DLP-14 and DLP-16) were investigated. The results showed that these surfactants have good wettability and solubility, but these properties deteriorate with increasing hydrophobic chain length. The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) measured by the Wilhelmy method and by the steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy were similar and showed the same trend: The CMC values decreased with increasing hydrophobic chain length. The solubilization capacities in toluene were (6320, 6440 and 6680) mL/mol for DLP-12, DLP-14 and DLP-16, respectively, indicating an improvement in solubilization ability. Thermal stability experiments showed that the initial decomposition temperatures of the three surfactants were (301, 320 and 331) °C, respectively, indicating good thermal stability of these surfactants.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46524633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this work, using the natural product cardanol and chlorosulfonic acid as the main raw materials, the anionic surfactant cardanol sulfonate (CDS) was synthesised and investigated for its surface properties and thermodynamic properties using surface tension, conductivity and fluorescence methods. In addition, the application properties of CDS, such as foaming and cleaning ability were investigated and compared with those of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS). The structure of the surfactant was characterised by FTIR, 1H NMR and MS. The Krafft point of the surfactant was below 25 °C, indicating good water solubility. The CMC values were determined by surface tension, conductivity and micropolarity measurements. The obtained CMCs agreed well within the measuring accuracy. The CMC increased with increasing temperature. As a function of temperature, the following CMC values were obtained: 5.13 × 10−3 mol L−1 (25 °C), 5.63 × 10−3 mol L−1 (35 °C) and 5.77 × 10−3 mol L−1 (45 °C). The values of surface tensions at the respective CMCs were γ CMC = 44.47 mN m−1 (25 °C), 43.53 mN m−1 (35 °C), and 42.45 mN m−1 (45 °C). The application property results showed that the foaming capacity, foam stabilisation and cleaning ability of CDS and SDBS were similar to each other, indicating that CDS can be used as a raw material for commercial detergent production.
{"title":"Study on the synthesis and properties of cardanol sulfonate","authors":"Yue Liu, Hujun Xu, Jingguo Yang, Haiyan Gao","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2022-2455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2022-2455","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, using the natural product cardanol and chlorosulfonic acid as the main raw materials, the anionic surfactant cardanol sulfonate (CDS) was synthesised and investigated for its surface properties and thermodynamic properties using surface tension, conductivity and fluorescence methods. In addition, the application properties of CDS, such as foaming and cleaning ability were investigated and compared with those of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS). The structure of the surfactant was characterised by FTIR, 1H NMR and MS. The Krafft point of the surfactant was below 25 °C, indicating good water solubility. The CMC values were determined by surface tension, conductivity and micropolarity measurements. The obtained CMCs agreed well within the measuring accuracy. The CMC increased with increasing temperature. As a function of temperature, the following CMC values were obtained: 5.13 × 10−3 mol L−1 (25 °C), 5.63 × 10−3 mol L−1 (35 °C) and 5.77 × 10−3 mol L−1 (45 °C). The values of surface tensions at the respective CMCs were γ CMC = 44.47 mN m−1 (25 °C), 43.53 mN m−1 (35 °C), and 42.45 mN m−1 (45 °C). The application property results showed that the foaming capacity, foam stabilisation and cleaning ability of CDS and SDBS were similar to each other, indicating that CDS can be used as a raw material for commercial detergent production.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42564399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ying Li, YiFan Zhang, Le-wu Zhan, Jing Hou, Bin-dong Li
Abstract The effects of different surfactants on the morphology of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) micro-nanoparticles prepared by solvent/non-solvent method in a microfluidic reactor were investigated. Alkyl polyglycoside (APG), sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) were selected as non-solvents. The surface tension and interfacial tension (IFT) properties of SDS, APG and DTAB were investigated. Compared to DTAB and SDS, the APG could effectively reduce the interfacial tension to 10−2 mN/m and exhibited better surface tension. The RDX prepared with different surfactants were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). The results showed that the different surfactants could significantly improve the dispersion effect of RDX and the crystal morphology was uniform and stable.
{"title":"The effects of SDS, APG, and DTAB surfactants on the morphology of micro-nano RDX particles prepared in a microfluidic reactor","authors":"Ying Li, YiFan Zhang, Le-wu Zhan, Jing Hou, Bin-dong Li","doi":"10.1515/tsd-2022-2482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tsd-2022-2482","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effects of different surfactants on the morphology of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) micro-nanoparticles prepared by solvent/non-solvent method in a microfluidic reactor were investigated. Alkyl polyglycoside (APG), sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) were selected as non-solvents. The surface tension and interfacial tension (IFT) properties of SDS, APG and DTAB were investigated. Compared to DTAB and SDS, the APG could effectively reduce the interfacial tension to 10−2 mN/m and exhibited better surface tension. The RDX prepared with different surfactants were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). The results showed that the different surfactants could significantly improve the dispersion effect of RDX and the crystal morphology was uniform and stable.","PeriodicalId":22258,"journal":{"name":"Tenside Surfactants Detergents","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48764010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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