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2022 13th International Conference on Network of the Future (NoF)最新文献

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Streaming 8K Video over Millimeter Wave Networks: An Experimental Demonstrator 通过毫米波网络传输8K视频:实验验证
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.1109/NoF55974.2022.9942528
H. Ravuri, Jakob Struye, M. T. Vega, Jeroen van der Hooft, J. Famaey, T. Wauters, F. Turck
Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication technology is expected to enable ultra-high speed and ultra-low latency communications owing to the availability of high-capacity bands at a frequency range of 30 GHz to 300 GHz. Despite its abundant resources, it is prone to signal attenuation due to blockage and mobility. So far, evaluations of first generation mmWave hardware are limited to lower-layer metrics. In this demonstrator, we propose to evaluate the multimedia application performance while using commercial off-the-shelf routers, using an 8K video streaming scenario. To achieve this, this paper introduces a mmWave testbed which incorporates mobility and blockage while streaming the video. In addition, it provides a detailed description of the steps involved in the deployment of experiments and analysis of the results.
毫米波(mmWave)通信技术有望实现超高速和超低延迟通信,因为可以在30 GHz至300 GHz的频率范围内使用高容量频段。尽管其资源丰富,但由于堵塞和流动性,信号容易衰减。到目前为止,对第一代毫米波硬件的评估仅限于较低层次的指标。在这个演示中,我们建议在使用商用现成路由器时,使用8K视频流场景来评估多媒体应用程序的性能。为了实现这一目标,本文介绍了一种毫米波测试平台,该平台在流媒体视频时结合了移动性和阻塞性。此外,它还提供了对实验部署和结果分析所涉及的步骤的详细描述。
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引用次数: 0
Periodic Control Traffic Support in a Wireless Time-Sensitive Network 无线时间敏感网络中的周期控制流量支持
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.1109/NoF55974.2022.9942586
Pablo Avila-Campos, J. Haxhibeqiri, Xianjun Jiao, Muhammad Aslam, Gilson Miranda, I. Moerman, J. Hoebeke
Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) is being utilized for industrial deterministic applications. Machine control is an example of such applications, which requires high reliability, low and deterministic latency. Currently, such requirements can only be met by wired networks that do not offer the wireless flexibility. For supporting TSN in end-to-end wired-wireless networks, TSN features need to be presented in the wireless network domain as well. In this demo we show the ability of wireless TSN (W-TSN) to support periodic machine control traffic with low latency under other background traffic in the network. We demonstrate time synchronization and scheduling mechanisms in a wireless setting by employing a control loop (a system to balance a ball in a canal) scenario where the time-critical traffic maintains the required latency under scheduled case. This will be demonstrated in a setup composed of imec's W-TSN evaluation kit built on top of the openwifi SDR platform.
时间敏感网络(TSN)正被用于工业确定性应用。机器控制就是此类应用的一个例子,它需要高可靠性、低且确定的延迟。目前,这种要求只能通过有线网络来满足,而有线网络不提供无线灵活性。为了在端到端有线-无线网络中支持TSN,还需要在无线网络领域中呈现TSN特性。在这个演示中,我们展示了无线TSN (W-TSN)在网络中其他后台流量下以低延迟支持周期性机器控制流量的能力。我们通过使用控制回路(在运河中平衡球的系统)场景来演示无线设置中的时间同步和调度机制,其中时间关键型流量在计划情况下保持所需的延迟。这将在一个由imec的W-TSN评估工具包组成的设置中进行演示,该工具包建立在openwifi SDR平台之上。
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引用次数: 1
EHGA: A Genetic Algorithm Based Approach for Scheduling Tasks on Distributed Edge-Cloud Infrastructures 基于遗传算法的分布式边缘云基础设施任务调度方法
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.1109/NoF55974.2022.9942552
A. Mahjoubi, Karl-Johan Grinnemo, J. Taheri
Due to cloud computing's limitations, edge computing has emerged to address computation-intensive and time-sensitive applications. In edge computing, users can offload their tasks to edge servers. However, the edge servers' resources are limited, making task scheduling everything but easy. In this paper, we formulate the scheduling of tasks between the user equipment, the edge, and the cloud as a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem that aims to minimize the total system delay. To solve this MILP problem, we propose an Enhanced Healed Genetic Algorithm solution (EHGA). The results with EHGA are compared with those of CPLEX and a few heuristics previously proposed by us. The results indicate that EHGA is more accurate and reliable than the heuristics and Quicker than CPLEX at solving the MILP problem.
由于云计算的局限性,边缘计算已经出现,以解决计算密集型和时间敏感的应用程序。在边缘计算中,用户可以将其任务卸载到边缘服务器。然而,边缘服务器的资源是有限的,这使得任务调度变得非常困难。在本文中,我们将用户设备,边缘和云之间的任务调度制定为混合整数线性规划(MILP)问题,旨在最小化系统总延迟。为了解决这一MILP问题,我们提出了一种增强愈合遗传算法(EHGA)。将EHGA的结果与CPLEX的结果以及我们之前提出的一些启发式方法进行了比较。结果表明,EHGA比启发式算法更准确可靠,比CPLEX算法更快。
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引用次数: 1
Generating Stateful Policies for IoT Device Security with Cross-Device Sensors 使用跨设备传感器生成物联网设备安全的状态策略
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.1109/NoF55974.2022.9942547
Zorigtbaatar Chuluundorj, Shuwen Liu, Craig A. Shue
The security of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices in the residential environment is important due to their widespread presence in homes and their sensing and actuation capabilities. However, securing IoT devices is challenging due to their varied designs, deployment longevity, multiple manufacturers, and potentially limited availability of long-term firmware updates. Attackers have exploited this complexity by specifically targeting IoT devices, with some recent high-profile cases affecting millions of devices. In this work, we explore access control mechanisms that tightly constrain access to devices at the residential router, with the goal of precluding access that is inconsistent with legitimate users' goals. Since many residential IoT devices are controlled via applications on smartphones, we combine application sensors on phones with sensors at residential routers to analyze workflows. We construct stateful filters at residential routers that can require user actions within a registered smartphone to enable network access to an IoT device. In doing so, we constrain network packets only to those that are consistent with the user's actions. In our experiments, we successfully identified 100% of malicious traffic while correctly allowing more than 98% of legitimate network traffic. The approach works across device types and manufacturers with straightforward API and state machine construction for each new device workflow.
物联网(IoT)设备在住宅环境中的安全性非常重要,因为它们在家庭中广泛存在,并且具有传感和驱动能力。然而,由于物联网设备的不同设计、部署寿命、多个制造商以及长期固件更新的可用性可能有限,保护物联网设备具有挑战性。攻击者利用这种复杂性专门针对物联网设备,最近一些备受瞩目的案例影响了数百万台设备。在这项工作中,我们探索了严格限制对住宅路由器设备访问的访问控制机制,其目标是排除与合法用户目标不一致的访问。由于许多住宅物联网设备是通过智能手机上的应用程序控制的,因此我们将手机上的应用传感器与住宅路由器上的传感器结合起来分析工作流程。我们在住宅路由器上构建有状态过滤器,它可以要求用户在已注册的智能手机内进行操作,以启用对物联网设备的网络访问。在这样做时,我们将网络数据包限制为那些与用户操作一致的数据包。在我们的实验中,我们成功地识别了100%的恶意流量,同时正确地允许超过98%的合法网络流量。该方法适用于各种设备类型和制造商,为每个新设备工作流提供了简单的API和状态机构造。
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引用次数: 2
KAPETÁNIOS: Automated Kubernetes Adaptation through a Digital Twin KAPETÁNIOS:通过数字孪生实现Kubernetes的自动化适配
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.1109/NoF55974.2022.9942649
Johannes Zerwas, Patrick Krämer, Razvan-Mihai Ursu, Navidreza Asadi, Phil Rodgers, Leon Wong, W. Kellerer
This demo presents a self-operating Kubernetes (K8s) cluster that uses digital twinning and machine learning to autonomously adapt its Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) to workload changes. The demo uses a digital twin of a K8s cluster to gather performance statistics and learn a model for the workload. With the model, the cluster autonomously adjusts HPA parameters for better performance. The demo illustrates this process and shows that the requested pod seconds decrease by ~37 %, while the request latency stays mostly unaffected.
这个演示展示了一个自我操作的Kubernetes (K8s)集群,它使用数字孪生和机器学习来自主调整其水平Pod Autoscaler (HPA)以适应工作负载变化。该演示使用K8s集群的数字孪生来收集性能统计数据并学习工作负载的模型。使用该模型,集群可以自主调整HPA参数以获得更好的性能。演示演示了这个过程,并显示请求的pod秒减少了约37%,而请求延迟基本不受影响。
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引用次数: 1
Hybrid Wireless Network with SDN and Legacy Devices in ad-hoc Environments 自组织环境中具有SDN和传统设备的混合无线网络
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.1109/NoF55974.2022.9942546
Daniela Sousa, S. Sargento, Miguel Luís
On temporary events, like concerts or emergency scenarios, where a communication infrastructure may not be sufficient or even present, networks can be built in a spontaneous way with the available network elements and radio access technologies, to support proper communication and data access. However, these ad-hoc networks, without a centralized view, can be inefficient when compared to a detached centralized control approach like in Software Defined Networks (SDNs). Moreover, SDNs can bring several advantages to these environments, such as adaptability and performance increase, despite not supporting wireless interfaces. However, in these scenarios, not all nodes are able to support SDN. This paper proposes a Spontaneous Heterogeneous Wireless Software Defined Network with a hybrid approach that is able to opportunistically use all available elements that may compose the network, regardless of whether they are legacy or SDN nodes. The proposed approach is tested in several scenarios with a different ratio of legacy to SDN nodes. We conclude that the network is able to work with hybrid nodes, and that when more Hybrid SDN (H-SDN) devices are used to forward packets, the network performance increases or is maintained when compared to a pure ad-hoc solution.
对于临时事件,如音乐会或紧急情况,通信基础设施可能不够,甚至没有,可以利用现有的网络元件和无线电接入技术,自发地建立网络,以支持适当的通信和数据接入。然而,与软件定义网络(sdn)中分离的集中控制方法相比,这些没有集中视图的ad-hoc网络可能效率低下。此外,尽管sdn不支持无线接口,但它可以为这些环境带来一些优势,例如适应性和性能的提高。然而,在这些场景中,并非所有节点都能够支持SDN。本文提出了一种自发异构无线软件定义网络,采用混合方法,能够偶然地使用可能组成网络的所有可用元素,而不管它们是遗留节点还是SDN节点。所提出的方法在具有不同遗留与SDN节点比例的几个场景中进行了测试。我们得出的结论是,网络能够与混合节点一起工作,并且当使用更多的混合SDN (H-SDN)设备来转发数据包时,与纯ad-hoc解决方案相比,网络性能会提高或保持不变。
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引用次数: 0
Resilience analysis and quantification method for 5G-Radio Access Networks 5g无线接入网弹性分析与量化方法
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.1109/NoF55974.2022.9942669
Soumeya Kaada, Marie-Line Alberi-Morel, G. Rubino, Sofiene Jelassi
A 5G Radio Access Network (5G-RAN) can be disturbed or shutdown due to a variety of failures, in spite of advanced optimization techniques and self-healing methods. Recently, operators started to take an interest in improving the resilience of communication networks with adaptive compensation techniques to mitigate outage-induced performance degradation. However, for the sake of effective and efficient resilience management, it is vital to be able to measure current and prospective resiliency levels of a given 5G-RAN using relevant and explicit metrics. Thus, the characterisation of resilience goes over a thorough analysis of 5G-RAN performance indicators followed by a rigorous quantification of current and future levels of resilience. In this work, we perform an analysis and a quantification of 5G-RAN resilience using a coverage indicator. It is known as a main performance indicator for network planners and operators, coverage is a necessary prerequisite to ensure a certain level of Quality of Service. For that, we model the network coverage using Continuous Time Markov Chains (CTMCs) where coverage status is characterized with multiple states defined with Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) signal. The proposed Markov model is analytically studied allowing to perform quantitative analysis, predict coverage outage and provide resilience quantification. Using our model, we conduct numerical analysis of several usage scenarios and propose a resilience framework to show the usability of our proposed approach.
尽管采用了先进的优化技术和自我修复方法,5G无线接入网络(5G- ran)仍可能因各种故障而受到干扰或关闭。最近,运营商开始关注通过自适应补偿技术来提高通信网络的弹性,以减轻中断引起的性能下降。然而,为了有效和高效地进行弹性管理,能够使用相关和明确的指标测量给定5G-RAN的当前和未来弹性水平至关重要。因此,弹性的特征是通过对5G-RAN性能指标的全面分析,然后对当前和未来的弹性水平进行严格的量化。在这项工作中,我们使用覆盖指标对5G-RAN弹性进行了分析和量化。作为网络规划者和运营商的主要绩效指标,覆盖率是保证一定服务质量水平的必要前提。为此,我们使用连续时间马尔可夫链(ctmc)对网络覆盖进行建模,其中覆盖状态用参考信号接收功率(RSRP)信号定义的多个状态来表征。对提出的马尔可夫模型进行了分析研究,允许进行定量分析,预测覆盖中断并提供弹性量化。使用我们的模型,我们对几个使用场景进行了数值分析,并提出了一个弹性框架,以显示我们提出的方法的可用性。
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引用次数: 3
Opportunities and Challenges for Virtual Reality Streaming over Millimeter-Wave: An Experimental Analysis 毫米波虚拟现实流的机遇与挑战:实验分析
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.1109/NoF55974.2022.9942535
Jakob Struye, H. Ravuri, Hany Assasa, Claudio Fiandrino, Filip Lemic, Joerg Widmer, J. Famaey, M. T. Vega
Achieving extremely high-quality and truly immersive interactive Virtual Reality (VR) is expected to require a wireless link to the cloud, providing multi-gigabit throughput and extremely low latency. A prime candidate for fulfilling these requirements is millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications, operating in the 30 to 300 GHz bands, rather than the traditional sub-6 GHz. Evaluations with first-generation mmWave Wi-Fi hardware, based on the IEEE 802.11ad standard, have so far largely remained limited to lower-layer metrics. In this work, we present the first experimental analysis of the capabilities of mmWave for streaming VR content, using a novel testbed capable of repeatably creating blockage through mobility. Using this testbed, we show that (a) motion may briefly interrupt transmission, (b) a broken line of sight may degrade throughput unpredictably, and (c) TCP-based streaming frameworks need careful tuning to behave well over mmWave.
实现高质量和真正沉浸式的交互式虚拟现实(VR)预计需要与云的无线连接,提供千兆吞吐量和极低延迟。满足这些要求的主要候选者是毫米波(mmWave)通信,工作在30至300 GHz频段,而不是传统的6 GHz以下。基于IEEE 802.11ad标准的第一代毫米波Wi-Fi硬件的评估,到目前为止在很大程度上仍然局限于较低层次的指标。在这项工作中,我们首次对毫米波流媒体VR内容的功能进行了实验分析,使用了一种能够通过移动性重复产生阻塞的新型测试平台。使用此测试平台,我们表明(a)运动可能会短暂中断传输,(b)视线中断可能会不可预测地降低吞吐量,以及(c)基于tcp的流媒体框架需要仔细调整才能在毫米波上表现良好。
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引用次数: 3
Leveraging Experience Telemetry: Use Cases 利用经验遥测:用例
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.1109/NoF55974.2022.9942501
Sudhendu Kumar, Martin Beverley, Derek Engi, Sam Grimee, Nagendra Kumar Nainar, Marisol Palmero, G. Salgueiro, Y. Viniotis
Experience Telemetry is a branch of Telemetry that collects non-operational telemetry data from IT infrastructure in order to facilitate the work of roles such as architects, product managers, customer success and user experience planners, in any organization. These roles have interests geared more towards the business rather than operational utility of any product or service. Such data is consumed by various management applications to provide analytics and insights for the above mentioned users. The novelty in this paper lies in the demonstration and qualitative evaluation of how Experience Telemetry concepts can be applied in solving two specific lifecycle management and operations problems, thus advancing the current state-of-practice.
体验遥测是遥测的一个分支,它从IT基础设施收集非操作遥测数据,以便于任何组织中的架构师、产品经理、客户成功和用户体验规划人员等角色的工作。这些角色的兴趣更多地与业务相关,而不是任何产品或服务的运营效用。各种管理应用程序使用这些数据,为上述用户提供分析和见解。本文的新颖之处在于对体验遥测概念如何应用于解决两个具体的生命周期管理和运营问题进行了论证和定性评估,从而提高了目前的实践水平。
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引用次数: 0
A Comprehensive Study of the Impact of 5G Numerologies on V2X Communications 5G数字命理学对V2X通信影响的综合研究
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.1109/NoF55974.2022.9942567
Khabaz Sehla, Kaouthar Ouali Boulila, T. Nguyen, G. Pujolle, Moustapha Ould El Aoun, Pedro B. Velloso
5G Vehicle-to-Everything (5G-V2X) is a new emerging technology for vehicular networks standardized by 3GPP to contribute to road safety services. The flexibility of the New Radio (NR) frame structure is one of the most interesting 5G key features enabled by the use of the new 5G numerologies. The 5G numerologies are an enabler to meet the requirements of a wide range of 5G services. Indeed, V2X communication encompasses a variety of applications with different requirements. Therefore, the choice of the appropriate numerology for each V2X scenario is of particular importance. To this end, in this paper we present a comprehensive study of the impact of 5G numerologies on the performance of V2X applications. Using the Simu5G and 5GVLL simulators, we demonstrate that the choice of the appropriate numerology is a trade-off between the targeted requirements of V2X applications, the Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI) and the Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) issues.
5G车对一切(5G- v2x)是3GPP标准化的汽车网络新兴技术,旨在为道路安全服务做出贡献。新无线电(NR)帧结构的灵活性是使用新5G数字技术实现的最有趣的5G关键功能之一。5G数字是满足广泛5G业务需求的推动者。事实上,V2X通信涵盖了各种不同需求的应用。因此,为每个V2X场景选择合适的数字命理是特别重要的。为此,在本文中,我们全面研究了5G数字技术对V2X应用性能的影响。使用Simu5G和5GVLL模拟器,我们证明了适当数字命数学的选择是V2X应用的目标要求、载波间干扰(ICI)和符号间干扰(ISI)问题之间的权衡。
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引用次数: 1
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2022 13th International Conference on Network of the Future (NoF)
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