Yongchu Pan, Lan Ma, S. Lou, Guirong Zhu, Xin Yu, Lin Wang
Non-syndromic cleft lip with/without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is one of the most common birth defects in humans with an overall prevalence of one per 1000 live births. Due to genetic and environmental influences, the fusion of the lips or palate may be interrupted at any stage and cause a cleft. Over decades, dozens of susceptible genes and loci have been identified using multiple genetic approaches. Our group has collected samples of NSCL/P patients since 2008 and established the biobank. We discovered numerous susceptible loci related to the occurrence of NSCL/P in the Chinese population, such as 16p13.3, 1q32.2, 10q25.3 and 17p13.1. In addition, we performed functional studies on related loci and genes by using molecular biology, cell biology, animal models and other methods to provide a basis for the construction of the NSCL/P genetic map in the Chinese population and help to implement individualised prophylaxis and treatment. Future efforts will focus on identifying functional variants, investigating pathways and other interactions, and including phenotypic and ethnic diversity in research.
{"title":"Exploration of Genetic Variants of Non-syndromic Cleft Lip with or without Palate and Underlying Mechanisms.","authors":"Yongchu Pan, Lan Ma, S. Lou, Guirong Zhu, Xin Yu, Lin Wang","doi":"10.3290/j.cjdr.b2752691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.cjdr.b2752691","url":null,"abstract":"Non-syndromic cleft lip with/without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is one of the most common birth defects in humans with an overall prevalence of one per 1000 live births. Due to genetic and environmental influences, the fusion of the lips or palate may be interrupted at any stage and cause a cleft. Over decades, dozens of susceptible genes and loci have been identified using multiple genetic approaches. Our group has collected samples of NSCL/P patients since 2008 and established the biobank. We discovered numerous susceptible loci related to the occurrence of NSCL/P in the Chinese population, such as 16p13.3, 1q32.2, 10q25.3 and 17p13.1. In addition, we performed functional studies on related loci and genes by using molecular biology, cell biology, animal models and other methods to provide a basis for the construction of the NSCL/P genetic map in the Chinese population and help to implement individualised prophylaxis and treatment. Future efforts will focus on identifying functional variants, investigating pathways and other interactions, and including phenotypic and ethnic diversity in research.","PeriodicalId":22405,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese journal of dental research : the official journal of the Scientific Section of the Chinese Stomatological Association","volume":"62 1","pages":"21-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91200241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yang Yang, Yi Tian, Li Juan Sun, Honglei Qu, Fang Chen
OBJECTIVE To estimate the mean prevalence of periodontal pathology of adjacent second molars (A-M2s) to third molars (M3s) and identify related confounding factors. METHODS Studies published before August 2020 were systematically searched in the Cochrane Library, EMBASE and MEDLINE databases. We included cross-sectional studies that evaluated the periodontal pathology of A-M2s based on clinical or radiographic examinations at the molar level. Studies employing similar periodontal parameters were pooled. Clinical attachment loss ≥ 3 mm, alveolar bone loss ≥ 3 mm or ≥ 20% root length were defined as early periodontal defects, and at least one site with probing depth ≥ 5 mm was considered as deep periodontal pockets around A-M2s in the data synthesis. RESULTS Nine studies (14,749 M3s) were ultimately included in the meta-analysis. On average, 19% of A-M2s showed distal early periodontal defects with the presence of M3s (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 9%-35%). Subgroup analyses suggested the prevalence was 32% (95% CI 16%-54%) in the mandible, and the prevalence was higher with nonimpacted M3s (25%, 95% CI 12%-47%) than with impacted M3s (19%, 95% CI 10%-35%). Additionally, the pooled prevalence for deep periodontal pockets around A-M2s was 52% (95% CI 39%-64%). Subgroup analyses suggested the prevalence was higher in the mandible (62%, 95% CI 45%-76%) than in the maxilla (43%, 95% CI 31%-56%), and for nonimpacted M3s the prevalence reached 50% (95% CI 36%-64%). CONCLUSION The presence of M3s, especially mandibular and nonimpacted M3s, negatively affects the periodontal status of A-M2s.
目的评估邻近第二磨牙(A-M2s)至第三磨牙(M3s)牙周病理的平均患病率，并确定相关混杂因素。方法系统检索Cochrane Library、EMBASE和MEDLINE数据库中2020年8月前发表的研究。我们纳入了基于临床或放射学检查在磨牙水平评估A-M2s牙周病理的横断面研究。采用相似牙周参数的研究进行汇总。临床附着体缺失≥3mm、牙槽骨缺失≥3mm或牙根长度≥20%定义为早期牙周缺损，在数据综合中，A-M2s周围至少有一个探探深度≥5mm的部位被认为是深度牙周袋。结果9项研究(14749 m3)最终被纳入meta分析。平均而言，19%的A-M2s表现为远端早期牙周缺损，伴有M3s的存在(95%可信区间[95% CI] 9%-35%)。亚组分析显示，下颌骨的患病率为32% (95% CI为16%-54%)，未嵌套的M3s的患病率(25%，95% CI为12%-47%)高于嵌套的M3s (19%， 95% CI为10%-35%)。此外，A-M2s周围深度牙周袋的总患病率为52% (95% CI 39%-64%)。亚组分析显示，下颌骨的患病率(62%，95% CI 45%-76%)高于上颌骨(43%，95% CI 31%-56%)，而非嵌塞的M3s患病率达到50% (95% CI 36%-64%)。结论M3s的存在对A-M2s的牙周状态有负面影响，尤其是下颌和非埋伏M3s。
{"title":"Relationship between Presence of Third Molars and Prevalence of Periodontal Pathology of Adjacent Second Molars: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Yang Yang, Yi Tian, Li Juan Sun, Honglei Qu, Fang Chen","doi":"10.3290/j.cjdr.b2752683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.cjdr.b2752683","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To estimate the mean prevalence of periodontal pathology of adjacent second molars (A-M2s) to third molars (M3s) and identify related confounding factors.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Studies published before August 2020 were systematically searched in the Cochrane Library, EMBASE and MEDLINE databases. We included cross-sectional studies that evaluated the periodontal pathology of A-M2s based on clinical or radiographic examinations at the molar level. Studies employing similar periodontal parameters were pooled. Clinical attachment loss ≥ 3 mm, alveolar bone loss ≥ 3 mm or ≥ 20% root length were defined as early periodontal defects, and at least one site with probing depth ≥ 5 mm was considered as deep periodontal pockets around A-M2s in the data synthesis.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Nine studies (14,749 M3s) were ultimately included in the meta-analysis. On average, 19% of A-M2s showed distal early periodontal defects with the presence of M3s (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 9%-35%). Subgroup analyses suggested the prevalence was 32% (95% CI 16%-54%) in the mandible, and the prevalence was higher with nonimpacted M3s (25%, 95% CI 12%-47%) than with impacted M3s (19%, 95% CI 10%-35%). Additionally, the pooled prevalence for deep periodontal pockets around A-M2s was 52% (95% CI 39%-64%). Subgroup analyses suggested the prevalence was higher in the mandible (62%, 95% CI 45%-76%) than in the maxilla (43%, 95% CI 31%-56%), and for nonimpacted M3s the prevalence reached 50% (95% CI 36%-64%).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The presence of M3s, especially mandibular and nonimpacted M3s, negatively affects the periodontal status of A-M2s.","PeriodicalId":22405,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese journal of dental research : the official journal of the Scientific Section of the Chinese Stomatological Association","volume":"39 1","pages":"45-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89057171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinjia Cai, Jian Yun Zhang, A. Zhang, Xuan Zhou, H. Zhang, Tie Li
Extensive research has indicated that high glucose levels play an important role in cancer. A high glycaemic index, glycaemic load diet, high sugar intake, high blood glucose and diabetes mellitus all increase the risk of cancer. Various signals are involved in high glucose-induced tumorigenesis, cancer proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and multidrug resistance. Reactive oxygen species might be important targets in cancer progression that are induced by high glucose levels. Drugs such as metformin and resveratrol may inhibit high glucose-induced cancer. As the impact of high glucose levels on cancer progression and therapy is a novel finding, further research is required.
{"title":"Emerging Role of High Glucose Levels in Cancer Progression and Therapy.","authors":"Xinjia Cai, Jian Yun Zhang, A. Zhang, Xuan Zhou, H. Zhang, Tie Li","doi":"10.3290/j.cjdr.b2752695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.cjdr.b2752695","url":null,"abstract":"Extensive research has indicated that high glucose levels play an important role in cancer. A high glycaemic index, glycaemic load diet, high sugar intake, high blood glucose and diabetes mellitus all increase the risk of cancer. Various signals are involved in high glucose-induced tumorigenesis, cancer proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and multidrug resistance. Reactive oxygen species might be important targets in cancer progression that are induced by high glucose levels. Drugs such as metformin and resveratrol may inhibit high glucose-induced cancer. As the impact of high glucose levels on cancer progression and therapy is a novel finding, further research is required.","PeriodicalId":22405,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese journal of dental research : the official journal of the Scientific Section of the Chinese Stomatological Association","volume":"23 1","pages":"11-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75378271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extrusion of separated endodontic instruments is a frustrating complication that can occur during root canal treatment and is difficult to handle. This report aimed to introduce different methods to retrieve such separated instruments through three cases with different locations of fragments. Fragments extruded completely into the maxillary sinus, partially into the maxillary sinus and lying in the soft tissue were retrieved using a lateral window approach, ultrasonic method and minimally invasive surgery, respectively. These methods can be recommended for retrieving fragments in certain cases.
{"title":"Management of Separated Instruments Extruded into the Maxillary Sinus and Soft Tissue: a Case Series.","authors":"Q. Liao, Ziyao Han, Ru Zhang, B. Hou","doi":"10.3290/j.cjdr.b2752707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.cjdr.b2752707","url":null,"abstract":"Extrusion of separated endodontic instruments is a frustrating complication that can occur during root canal treatment and is difficult to handle. This report aimed to introduce different methods to retrieve such separated instruments through three cases with different locations of fragments. Fragments extruded completely into the maxillary sinus, partially into the maxillary sinus and lying in the soft tissue were retrieved using a lateral window approach, ultrasonic method and minimally invasive surgery, respectively. These methods can be recommended for retrieving fragments in certain cases.","PeriodicalId":22405,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese journal of dental research : the official journal of the Scientific Section of the Chinese Stomatological Association","volume":"63 1","pages":"67-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91039224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microspheres have been widely utilised as versatile carriers in biomedical applications. In recent years, as a new type of injectable scaffold, microspheres have attracted increasing attention in the field of regenerative medicine owing to their various advantages including their small size, large specific surface area and mimicry of the 3D native environment. These characteristics enable them to adopt the narrow and irregular anatomy of the tooth and become an ideal scaffold for endodontic regeneration. Microspheres play an important role in carrying biologics (cells, biomolecules and drugs), which effectively regulate the fate of stem cells and control the release of growth factors and drugs. Cell-laden microspheres, which can be divided into microcarriers and microcapsules, have great application prospects in dental pulp regeneration. This paper summarises the properties and characteristics of microsphere scaffolds used in tissue engineering, placing emphasis on their advantages and applications in endodontic regeneration.
{"title":"Microspheres and their Potential in Endodontic Regeneration Application.","authors":"Ting Yang, Li Xie, Ruitao Zhang, W. Tian","doi":"10.3290/j.cjdr.b2752709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.cjdr.b2752709","url":null,"abstract":"Microspheres have been widely utilised as versatile carriers in biomedical applications. In recent years, as a new type of injectable scaffold, microspheres have attracted increasing attention in the field of regenerative medicine owing to their various advantages including their small size, large specific surface area and mimicry of the 3D native environment. These characteristics enable them to adopt the narrow and irregular anatomy of the tooth and become an ideal scaffold for endodontic regeneration. Microspheres play an important role in carrying biologics (cells, biomolecules and drugs), which effectively regulate the fate of stem cells and control the release of growth factors and drugs. Cell-laden microspheres, which can be divided into microcarriers and microcapsules, have great application prospects in dental pulp regeneration. This paper summarises the properties and characteristics of microsphere scaffolds used in tissue engineering, placing emphasis on their advantages and applications in endodontic regeneration.","PeriodicalId":22405,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese journal of dental research : the official journal of the Scientific Section of the Chinese Stomatological Association","volume":"1 1","pages":"29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83725289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammd Ayyoub Rigi-Ladez, S. S. Hendi, Alireza Mirzaei, L. Gholami, R. Fekrazad
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of different energy densities of near infrared diode lasers with wavelengths of 810 or 940 nm on the proliferation and survival of periodontal ligament derived stem cells (PDLSCs). METHODS After isolation and characterisation, PDLSCs were cultured in clear 96-well plates. Each well was irradiated by either 810 nm (L1) or 940 nm (L2) lasers, with energy densities of 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 J/cm2 and an output power of 100 mW. A non-irradiated well was used as a control. Cellular viability was measured 24 hours after irradiation using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and proliferation was measured 24, 48 and 72 hours after irradiation using trypan blue staining and counting. Propidium iodide (PI) staining was used to identify any pyknotic nuclei or nuclear fragmentation 72 hours after irradiation. RESULTS An increase in viability was observed only in the group with the 940 nm laser irradiation at energy density of 2.5 J/cm2 (P < 0.001). The proliferation of cells was significantly increased in the group with 940 nm laser irradiation at energy density of 2.5 J/cm2 at all the time points examined in comparison to other groups (P < 0.001). PI staining showed no change in cell nuclei in any of the groups. CONCLUSION Irradiation of PDLSCs with a 940 nm laser at an energy density of 2.5 J/cm2 could promote efficient cell proliferation.
{"title":"Near Infrared Laser Photobiomodulation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells.","authors":"Mohammd Ayyoub Rigi-Ladez, S. S. Hendi, Alireza Mirzaei, L. Gholami, R. Fekrazad","doi":"10.3290/j.cjdr.b2752657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.cjdr.b2752657","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To determine the effect of different energy densities of near infrared diode lasers with wavelengths of 810 or 940 nm on the proliferation and survival of periodontal ligament derived stem cells (PDLSCs).\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000After isolation and characterisation, PDLSCs were cultured in clear 96-well plates. Each well was irradiated by either 810 nm (L1) or 940 nm (L2) lasers, with energy densities of 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 J/cm2 and an output power of 100 mW. A non-irradiated well was used as a control. Cellular viability was measured 24 hours after irradiation using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and proliferation was measured 24, 48 and 72 hours after irradiation using trypan blue staining and counting. Propidium iodide (PI) staining was used to identify any pyknotic nuclei or nuclear fragmentation 72 hours after irradiation.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000An increase in viability was observed only in the group with the 940 nm laser irradiation at energy density of 2.5 J/cm2 (P < 0.001). The proliferation of cells was significantly increased in the group with 940 nm laser irradiation at energy density of 2.5 J/cm2 at all the time points examined in comparison to other groups (P < 0.001). PI staining showed no change in cell nuclei in any of the groups.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Irradiation of PDLSCs with a 940 nm laser at an energy density of 2.5 J/cm2 could promote efficient cell proliferation.","PeriodicalId":22405,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese journal of dental research : the official journal of the Scientific Section of the Chinese Stomatological Association","volume":"17 1","pages":"57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85095263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Qiao, Ling Zhu, S. Cui, Ting Zhang, Ruili Yang, Yanheng Zhou
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the therapeutic effect of local injection of stem cells from human exfoliated primary teeth (SHED) on periodontitis in mice. METHODS Fifteen female mice were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, periodontitis group and SHED treatment group. A periodontitis model was established by ligating a 0.2 mm orthodontic ligation wire to the maxillary first molar. The SHED group was injected with SHED at 3 weeks post-ligation. All mice were sacrificed and their maxillae were dissected five weeks post-ligation. Clinical assessments, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanning, and histologic examination were used to evaluate the outcome of tissue regeneration. RESULTS Micro-CT analysis showed that SHED administration significantly increased periodontal regeneration and decreased the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest. In addition, histopathological photomicrographs showed new regenerated bone, the number of TNF-α-positive, IFN-γ-positive and CD4+ cells decreased, and osteoclasts-positive decreased in the periodontal defect area in the SHED group compared with the periodontitis group. CONCLUSION SHED administration suppresses the expression of inflammatory factors, inhibits the production of osteoclasts, and promotes the regeneration of periodontal tissues.
{"title":"Local Administration of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Primary Teeth Attenuate Experimental Periodontitis in Mice.","authors":"Y. Qiao, Ling Zhu, S. Cui, Ting Zhang, Ruili Yang, Yanheng Zhou","doi":"10.3290/j.cjdr.a43109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.cjdr.a43109","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE To evaluate the therapeutic effect of local injection of stem cells from human exfoliated primary teeth (SHED) on periodontitis in mice. METHODS Fifteen female mice were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, periodontitis group and SHED treatment group. A periodontitis model was established by ligating a 0.2 mm orthodontic ligation wire to the maxillary first molar. The SHED group was injected with SHED at 3 weeks post-ligation. All mice were sacrificed and their maxillae were dissected five weeks post-ligation. Clinical assessments, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanning, and histologic examination were used to evaluate the outcome of tissue regeneration. RESULTS Micro-CT analysis showed that SHED administration significantly increased periodontal regeneration and decreased the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest. In addition, histopathological photomicrographs showed new regenerated bone, the number of TNF-α-positive, IFN-γ-positive and CD4+ cells decreased, and osteoclasts-positive decreased in the periodontal defect area in the SHED group compared with the periodontitis group. CONCLUSION SHED administration suppresses the expression of inflammatory factors, inhibits the production of osteoclasts, and promotes the regeneration of periodontal tissues.","PeriodicalId":22405,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese journal of dental research : the official journal of the Scientific Section of the Chinese Stomatological Association","volume":"27 1","pages":"157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78566610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE To measure the fracture resistance of mandibular premolar roots following root canal instrumentation with different sizes. METHODS A total of 100 human permanent mandibular premolars with a straight single canal were decoronated and assigned to 10 groups (n = 10) by block randomisation. In the control group, the roots were uninstrumented, whereas roots in the nine experimental groups were instrumented to different master apical files (MAF) and tapers (MAF/taper): 40/0.05, 45/0.05, 50/0.05, 55/0.05, 60/0.05, 40/0.10, 40/0.15, 45/0.10 and 45/0.15. All roots were subjected to vertical loading until fracture. RESULTS Fracture load values for instrumented roots were lower than the intact roots of the control group. In 50/0.05, 55/0.05, 60/0.05, 40/0.15 and 45/0.15 groups, the fracture load values were significantly lower than the fracture load value for the control group (P < 0.05) with a 30% decrease. No significant differences in the fracture modes were detected among the 10 groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Mechanical instrumentation adversely affects the fracture resistance of roots. When the roots of mandibular premolars were instrumented to a MAF equal to or larger than 50 with a taper of 0.05 or to a MAF of 40 or 45 with a taper of 0.15, the fracture load values significantly decreased.
{"title":"Fracture Resistance of Roots in Mandibular Premolars Following Root Canal Instrumentation of Different Sizes.","authors":"S. Tian, W. Bai, Weihao Jiang, Yu-Hong Liang","doi":"10.3290/j.cjdr.a43114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.cjdr.a43114","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE To measure the fracture resistance of mandibular premolar roots following root canal instrumentation with different sizes. METHODS A total of 100 human permanent mandibular premolars with a straight single canal were decoronated and assigned to 10 groups (n = 10) by block randomisation. In the control group, the roots were uninstrumented, whereas roots in the nine experimental groups were instrumented to different master apical files (MAF) and tapers (MAF/taper): 40/0.05, 45/0.05, 50/0.05, 55/0.05, 60/0.05, 40/0.10, 40/0.15, 45/0.10 and 45/0.15. All roots were subjected to vertical loading until fracture. RESULTS Fracture load values for instrumented roots were lower than the intact roots of the control group. In 50/0.05, 55/0.05, 60/0.05, 40/0.15 and 45/0.15 groups, the fracture load values were significantly lower than the fracture load value for the control group (P < 0.05) with a 30% decrease. No significant differences in the fracture modes were detected among the 10 groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Mechanical instrumentation adversely affects the fracture resistance of roots. When the roots of mandibular premolars were instrumented to a MAF equal to or larger than 50 with a taper of 0.05 or to a MAF of 40 or 45 with a taper of 0.15, the fracture load values significantly decreased.","PeriodicalId":22405,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese journal of dental research : the official journal of the Scientific Section of the Chinese Stomatological Association","volume":"44 2 1","pages":"197-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85289056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and on the carotid artery in rats with chronic periodontitis (CP) and with or without hyperlipidemia (HL). METHODS A total of 29 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: group A (CP, n = 14) and B (CP + HL, n = 15), and subjected to the corresponding treatment. Groups A and B were further divided into groups A1/B1 (without periodontal interventions) and A2/B2 (with periodontal interventions). The serum IL-6 and hsCRP levels were evaluated before periodontal intervention and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 weeks after periodontal intervention. The rats were euthanised 8 weeks after the periodontal intervention and the histopathologic changes in the carotid artery were observed. RESULTS The serum hsCRP and serum IL-6 levels in groups A1 and B1 were elevated with time; they were significantly higher in group B1 than in group A1 (P < 0.001) at all time points. The hsCRP and IL-6 levels in groups A2 and B2 increased with time and reached the maximum level 1 week after the second intervention, and then gradually decreased. Atherosclerotic plaques, fibrous cap, and calcium salt deposits were apparent in the rats of group B1, whereas no obvious atherosclerotic changes were observed in the rats of groups A2 and B2. CONCLUSION Periodontal interventions resulted in acute, short-term systemic inflammation. However, it was beneficial in long-term as it improved the carotid artery integrity.
目的探讨非手术牙周治疗对慢性牙周炎(CP)伴高脂血症(HL)大鼠血清白细胞介素6 (IL-6)、高敏c反应蛋白(hsCRP)及颈动脉的影响。方法29只Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为A组(CP, n = 14)和B组(CP + HL, n = 15)，分别给予相应处理。A组和B组进一步分为A1/B1组(不进行牙周干预)和A2/B2组(进行牙周干预)。在牙周干预前和牙周干预后1、3、5、7周评估血清IL-6和hsCRP水平。牙周干预8周后处死大鼠，观察颈动脉组织病理学变化。结果A1、B1组血清hsCRP、IL-6水平随时间升高;各时间点B1组均显著高于A1组(P < 0.001)。A2、B2组患者hsCRP、IL-6水平随时间升高，第二次干预后1周达到最高值，随后逐渐下降。B1组大鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块、纤维帽、钙盐沉积明显，而A2、B2组大鼠动脉粥样硬化未见明显改变。结论牙周干预可引起急性、短期全身性炎症。然而，从长期来看，它是有益的，因为它改善了颈动脉的完整性。
{"title":"Effects of Periodontal Intervention on Levels of Serum High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein and Interleukin 6, and on Carotid Artery in Rats with Chronic Periodontitis and Hyperlipidemia.","authors":"Miaolei Wang, Yong Zhao, Chong Wang, Xuexue Shi, Jinmao Gao, X. Ren","doi":"10.3290/j.cjdr.a43115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.cjdr.a43115","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and on the carotid artery in rats with chronic periodontitis (CP) and with or without hyperlipidemia (HL). METHODS A total of 29 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: group A (CP, n = 14) and B (CP + HL, n = 15), and subjected to the corresponding treatment. Groups A and B were further divided into groups A1/B1 (without periodontal interventions) and A2/B2 (with periodontal interventions). The serum IL-6 and hsCRP levels were evaluated before periodontal intervention and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 weeks after periodontal intervention. The rats were euthanised 8 weeks after the periodontal intervention and the histopathologic changes in the carotid artery were observed. RESULTS The serum hsCRP and serum IL-6 levels in groups A1 and B1 were elevated with time; they were significantly higher in group B1 than in group A1 (P < 0.001) at all time points. The hsCRP and IL-6 levels in groups A2 and B2 increased with time and reached the maximum level 1 week after the second intervention, and then gradually decreased. Atherosclerotic plaques, fibrous cap, and calcium salt deposits were apparent in the rats of group B1, whereas no obvious atherosclerotic changes were observed in the rats of groups A2 and B2. CONCLUSION Periodontal interventions resulted in acute, short-term systemic inflammation. However, it was beneficial in long-term as it improved the carotid artery integrity.","PeriodicalId":22405,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese journal of dental research : the official journal of the Scientific Section of the Chinese Stomatological Association","volume":"14 1","pages":"203-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88977793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes of the bacterial community in the oral environment of beagle dogs to gain insights on the possible causes of failed therapy in peri-implantitis. METHODS Beagles were used as models for experimental peri-implantitis. Samples from peri-implant soft tissue (supramargin and submargin), ligature and contaminated surface of peri-implantitis sites were collected and analysed by sequencing the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. RESULTS The residual microbial community from the curettes-treated implant surface contained a variety of microorganisms, including periodontal pathogens, which showed no changes in their composition and structure. CONCLUSION It is possible that the residual bacterial community remained unchanged and this was the cause of recurrent episodes of inflammation.
{"title":"Changes of Microbial Community in Treated Peri-implantitis Sites: An Experimental Study in Beagle Dogs.","authors":"Yu Wei Wu, Hui Zheng, Xue Li, Hui Lu, Songhe Lu, Xu Hong Liu, Qiang Zeng, Feng Chen, Jiuxiang Lin, Zhi-hui Tang","doi":"10.3290/j.cjdr.a43110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.cjdr.a43110","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes of the bacterial community in the oral environment of beagle dogs to gain insights on the possible causes of failed therapy in peri-implantitis. METHODS Beagles were used as models for experimental peri-implantitis. Samples from peri-implant soft tissue (supramargin and submargin), ligature and contaminated surface of peri-implantitis sites were collected and analysed by sequencing the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. RESULTS The residual microbial community from the curettes-treated implant surface contained a variety of microorganisms, including periodontal pathogens, which showed no changes in their composition and structure. CONCLUSION It is possible that the residual bacterial community remained unchanged and this was the cause of recurrent episodes of inflammation.","PeriodicalId":22405,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese journal of dental research : the official journal of the Scientific Section of the Chinese Stomatological Association","volume":"51 1","pages":"165-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84697294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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