E. Kroon, S. Chottanapund, S. Buranapraditkun, C. Sacdalan, D. Colby, N. Chomchey, P. Prueksakaew, S. Pinyakorn, R. Trichavaroj, S. Vasan, S. Manasnayakorn, C. Reilly, E. Helgeson, Jodi L Anderson, C. David, Jacob J. Zulk, M. de Souza, S. Tovanabutra, A. Schuetz, M. Robb, D. Douek, N. Phanuphak, A. Haase, J. Ananworanich, T. Schacker
Abstract Starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Fiebig 1 acute HIV infection limits the size of viral reservoirs in lymphoid tissues, but does not impact time to virus rebound during a treatment interruption. To better understand why the reduced reservoir size did not increase the time to rebound we measured the frequency and location of HIV RNA+ cells in lymph nodes from participants in the RV254 acute infection cohort. HIV RNA+ cells were detected more frequently and in greater numbers when ART was initiated in Fiebig 1 compared to later Fiebig stages and were localized to the T-cell zone compared to the B-cell follicle with treatment in later Fiebig stages. Variability of virus production in people treated during acute infection suggests that the balance between virus-producing cells and the immune response to clear infected cells rapidly evolves during the earliest stages of infection. Clinical Trials Registration: NCT02919306.
{"title":"Paradoxically Greater Persistence of HIV RNA-Positive Cells in Lymphoid Tissue When ART Is Initiated in the Earliest Stage of Infection","authors":"E. Kroon, S. Chottanapund, S. Buranapraditkun, C. Sacdalan, D. Colby, N. Chomchey, P. Prueksakaew, S. Pinyakorn, R. Trichavaroj, S. Vasan, S. Manasnayakorn, C. Reilly, E. Helgeson, Jodi L Anderson, C. David, Jacob J. Zulk, M. de Souza, S. Tovanabutra, A. Schuetz, M. Robb, D. Douek, N. Phanuphak, A. Haase, J. Ananworanich, T. Schacker","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiac089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac089","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Fiebig 1 acute HIV infection limits the size of viral reservoirs in lymphoid tissues, but does not impact time to virus rebound during a treatment interruption. To better understand why the reduced reservoir size did not increase the time to rebound we measured the frequency and location of HIV RNA+ cells in lymph nodes from participants in the RV254 acute infection cohort. HIV RNA+ cells were detected more frequently and in greater numbers when ART was initiated in Fiebig 1 compared to later Fiebig stages and were localized to the T-cell zone compared to the B-cell follicle with treatment in later Fiebig stages. Variability of virus production in people treated during acute infection suggests that the balance between virus-producing cells and the immune response to clear infected cells rapidly evolves during the earliest stages of infection. Clinical Trials Registration: NCT02919306.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"15 4 1","pages":"2167 - 2175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80399423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolution of resistance to antibiotics in Neisseria meningitidis: any reasons for concern?","authors":"M. Taha, A. Deghmane","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiac095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac095","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79463751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valeria Ochoa, F. Erra Díaz, E. Ramírez, María Clara Fentini, M. Carobene, J. Geffner, L. Arruvito, F. Remes Lenicov
{"title":"Reply to Kao and Liaw.","authors":"Valeria Ochoa, F. Erra Díaz, E. Ramírez, María Clara Fentini, M. Carobene, J. Geffner, L. Arruvito, F. Remes Lenicov","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiac081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75535488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
* Corresponding Author: Yung-Po Liaw, PhD, ORCID: 0000-0003-2046-4964 Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Medical Imaging and Big Data Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Chung Shan Medical University No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd., South District, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan, (TEL) +886 4 36097222 #11838 or +886 4 36097501, (FAX) No Fax liawyp@csmu.edu.tw
{"title":"Infants Younger Than 6 Months Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Show the Highest Respiratory Viral Loads","authors":"Chih-Ching Kao, Y. Liaw","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiac080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac080","url":null,"abstract":"* Corresponding Author: Yung-Po Liaw, PhD, ORCID: 0000-0003-2046-4964 Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Medical Imaging and Big Data Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Chung Shan Medical University No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd., South District, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan, (TEL) +886 4 36097222 #11838 or +886 4 36097501, (FAX) No Fax liawyp@csmu.edu.tw","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73254167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Plainvert, Yasmina de Saint Salvy-Tabet, N. Dmytruk, A. Frigo, C. Poyart, Asmaa Tazi
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of neonatal infections and an important pathogen in pregnancy. However, the features of pregnancy-associated infections are poorly reported. We analyzed 336 cases of GBS invasive infections in women aged 18 to 50 years old, including 242 (72.0%) pregnancy-associated infections. In pregnancy, most cases were intra-amniotic infections (55.8%), occurred preterm (61.3%) and were associated to obstetrical and neonatal complications (81.7%). The GBS clone CC-17 (18.8% of the cases) was overrepresented intrapartum (35.2%; OR = 5.1, 95% CI 1.6-19.3). This work highlights the burden of GBS and of the CC-17 clone infections during pregnancy.
B群链球菌(GBS)是新生儿感染的主要原因，也是妊娠期的重要病原体。然而，妊娠相关感染的特征报道很少。我们分析了336例18至50岁女性的GBS侵袭性感染，其中242例(72.0%)为妊娠相关感染。妊娠期以羊膜内感染为主(55.8%)，发生早产(61.3%)，伴有产科和新生儿并发症(81.7%)。GBS克隆CC-17(18.8%的病例)在产时被过度代表(35.2%;Or = 5.1, 95% ci 1.6-19.3)。这项工作强调了妊娠期间GBS和CC-17克隆感染的负担。
{"title":"Group B Streptococcus invasive infections in women of childbearing age, France, 2012 - 2020 : GBS CC-17 hypervirulence in intrapartum infections.","authors":"C. Plainvert, Yasmina de Saint Salvy-Tabet, N. Dmytruk, A. Frigo, C. Poyart, Asmaa Tazi","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiac076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac076","url":null,"abstract":"Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of neonatal infections and an important pathogen in pregnancy. However, the features of pregnancy-associated infections are poorly reported. We analyzed 336 cases of GBS invasive infections in women aged 18 to 50 years old, including 242 (72.0%) pregnancy-associated infections. In pregnancy, most cases were intra-amniotic infections (55.8%), occurred preterm (61.3%) and were associated to obstetrical and neonatal complications (81.7%). The GBS clone CC-17 (18.8% of the cases) was overrepresented intrapartum (35.2%; OR = 5.1, 95% CI 1.6-19.3). This work highlights the burden of GBS and of the CC-17 clone infections during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73971974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Hou, X. Piao, Ning Jiang, Shuai Liu, Pengfei Cai, Bing Liu, D. McManus, Qijun Chen
Antigens of migrating schistosomula are promising candidates as schistosomiasis vaccine targets, since immune attack on hepatic schistosomula would interrupt the parasites life cycle and reduce egg burden on the host. Here, we report a collection of Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula proteins (SjScP), which are highly expressed in hepatic schistosomula. We found that a number of these SjScPs were highly antigenic and could effectively stimulate humoral immune responses in both human and other mammalian hosts. In particular, SjScP25, SjScP37, SjScP41, SjScP80, SjScP88 showed high potential as biomarkers for schistosomiasis immunodiagnosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that immunization with several of the recombinant SjScPs were able to protect mice from S. japonicum challenge infection, with SjScP25 generating the most protective results. Our work represents a group of novel schistosome immunogens, which may be promsing schistosomiasis japonica diagonosis and vaccine candidates.
{"title":"Novel Hepatic Schistosomula Antigens as Promising Targets for Immunodiagnosis and Immunoprotection of Schistosomiasis japonica.","authors":"N. Hou, X. Piao, Ning Jiang, Shuai Liu, Pengfei Cai, Bing Liu, D. McManus, Qijun Chen","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiac077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac077","url":null,"abstract":"Antigens of migrating schistosomula are promising candidates as schistosomiasis vaccine targets, since immune attack on hepatic schistosomula would interrupt the parasites life cycle and reduce egg burden on the host. Here, we report a collection of Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula proteins (SjScP), which are highly expressed in hepatic schistosomula. We found that a number of these SjScPs were highly antigenic and could effectively stimulate humoral immune responses in both human and other mammalian hosts. In particular, SjScP25, SjScP37, SjScP41, SjScP80, SjScP88 showed high potential as biomarkers for schistosomiasis immunodiagnosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that immunization with several of the recombinant SjScPs were able to protect mice from S. japonicum challenge infection, with SjScP25 generating the most protective results. Our work represents a group of novel schistosome immunogens, which may be promsing schistosomiasis japonica diagonosis and vaccine candidates.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"180 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78568097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Veyrenche, A. Pisoni, S. Debiesse, K. Bollore, A. Bedin, A. Makinson, C. Niel, C. Alcocer-Cordellat, A. Mondain, V. Le Moing, P. Van de Perre, E. Tuaillon
Abstract Background SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen (N-Ag) can be detected in the blood of patients with Covid-19. We used a highly sensitive and specific assay to explore the presence of N-Ag in urine during the course of Covid-19, and explore its relationship with the severity of the disease. Methods We studied urine and blood N-Ag using highly sensitive immunoassay in 82 patients with a SARS-CoV-2 infection proven by PCR. Results In the first and second weeks of Covid-19, hospitalized patients tested positive for urinary N-Ag (81.25% and 71.79%, respectively), and blood N-Ag (93.75% and 94.87%, respectively). High urinary N-Ag levels were associated with the absence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies, admission in intensive care units, high C-reactive protein levels, lymphopenia, eosinopenia, and high lactate dehydrogenase. A higher accuracy was observed for urine N-Ag as a predictor of severe Covid-19 compared to blood N-Ag. Conclusions Our study demonstrate that N-Ag is present in the urine of patients hospitalized in the early phase of Covid-19. As a direct marker of SARS-CoV-2, urinary N-Ag reflects the dissemination of viral compounds in the body. Urine N-Ag may be a useful marker for disease severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid urine antigen in hospitalized patients with Covid-19","authors":"N. Veyrenche, A. Pisoni, S. Debiesse, K. Bollore, A. Bedin, A. Makinson, C. Niel, C. Alcocer-Cordellat, A. Mondain, V. Le Moing, P. Van de Perre, E. Tuaillon","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiac073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac073","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen (N-Ag) can be detected in the blood of patients with Covid-19. We used a highly sensitive and specific assay to explore the presence of N-Ag in urine during the course of Covid-19, and explore its relationship with the severity of the disease. Methods We studied urine and blood N-Ag using highly sensitive immunoassay in 82 patients with a SARS-CoV-2 infection proven by PCR. Results In the first and second weeks of Covid-19, hospitalized patients tested positive for urinary N-Ag (81.25% and 71.79%, respectively), and blood N-Ag (93.75% and 94.87%, respectively). High urinary N-Ag levels were associated with the absence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies, admission in intensive care units, high C-reactive protein levels, lymphopenia, eosinopenia, and high lactate dehydrogenase. A higher accuracy was observed for urine N-Ag as a predictor of severe Covid-19 compared to blood N-Ag. Conclusions Our study demonstrate that N-Ag is present in the urine of patients hospitalized in the early phase of Covid-19. As a direct marker of SARS-CoV-2, urinary N-Ag reflects the dissemination of viral compounds in the body. Urine N-Ag may be a useful marker for disease severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87843622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martina Bottanelli, D. Ceccarelli, L. Galli, A. Castagna, C. Muccini
{"title":"Response to Cyktor Et Al.","authors":"Martina Bottanelli, D. Ceccarelli, L. Galli, A. Castagna, C. Muccini","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiac070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79952678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Krzyżowska, Anders Jarneborn, Karolina Thorn, K. Eriksson, T. Jin
Abstract Tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, is a novel immunosuppressive drug for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) may cause encephalitis during primary infection or following reactivation from a latent state. Long-term tofacitinib treatment may increase the risk of this life-threatening condition. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tofacitinib on HSV-1 primary infection using a mouse model. Mice pretreated with tofacitinib were intranasally infected with a clinical strain of HSV-1 and monitored for infection severity and antiviral response. Tofacitinib treatment of HSV-1 primary infection resulted in increased viral loads and worsened clinical outcome. Furthermore, tofacitinib promoted M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype of microglia and infiltrating monocytes, as well as inhibited production of inflammatory and antiviral cytokines by macrophages in vitro. Our findings show that treatment with tofacitinib increases severity of herpes simplex encephalitis in mice, by impairing antiviral response induced by monocytes and microglia.
{"title":"Tofacitinib Treatment in Primary Herpes Simplex Encephalitis Interferes With Antiviral Response","authors":"M. Krzyżowska, Anders Jarneborn, Karolina Thorn, K. Eriksson, T. Jin","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiac040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, is a novel immunosuppressive drug for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) may cause encephalitis during primary infection or following reactivation from a latent state. Long-term tofacitinib treatment may increase the risk of this life-threatening condition. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tofacitinib on HSV-1 primary infection using a mouse model. Mice pretreated with tofacitinib were intranasally infected with a clinical strain of HSV-1 and monitored for infection severity and antiviral response. Tofacitinib treatment of HSV-1 primary infection resulted in increased viral loads and worsened clinical outcome. Furthermore, tofacitinib promoted M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype of microglia and infiltrating monocytes, as well as inhibited production of inflammatory and antiviral cytokines by macrophages in vitro. Our findings show that treatment with tofacitinib increases severity of herpes simplex encephalitis in mice, by impairing antiviral response induced by monocytes and microglia.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"9 1","pages":"1545 - 1553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73867558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-26DOI: 10.1101/2022.02.24.22271262
Y. Kurahashi, K. Furukawa, S. Sutandhio, L. H. Tjan, S. Iwata, Shigeru Sano, Y. Tohma, Hiroyuki Ohkita, Sachiko Nakamura, M. Nishimura, J. Arii, T. Kiriu, M. Yamamoto, T. Nagano, Y. Nishimura, Y. Mori
The SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron is now under investigation. We evaluated cross-neutralizing activity against Omicron in COVID-19 convalescent patients who had received two doses of an mRNA vaccination. Surprisingly and interestingly, after the second vaccination, the subject neutralizing antibody titers including that against Omicron all became seropositive, and significant fold-increases were seen regardless of the subject disease severity. Our findings thus demonstrate that at least two doses of mRNA vaccination to SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients can induce cross-neutralizing activity against Omicron.
{"title":"Cross-neutralizing activity against Omicron could be obtained in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients who received two doses of mRNA vaccination","authors":"Y. Kurahashi, K. Furukawa, S. Sutandhio, L. H. Tjan, S. Iwata, Shigeru Sano, Y. Tohma, Hiroyuki Ohkita, Sachiko Nakamura, M. Nishimura, J. Arii, T. Kiriu, M. Yamamoto, T. Nagano, Y. Nishimura, Y. Mori","doi":"10.1101/2022.02.24.22271262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.24.22271262","url":null,"abstract":"The SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron is now under investigation. We evaluated cross-neutralizing activity against Omicron in COVID-19 convalescent patients who had received two doses of an mRNA vaccination. Surprisingly and interestingly, after the second vaccination, the subject neutralizing antibody titers including that against Omicron all became seropositive, and significant fold-increases were seen regardless of the subject disease severity. Our findings thus demonstrate that at least two doses of mRNA vaccination to SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients can induce cross-neutralizing activity against Omicron.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78964120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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