Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.22.23286320
Wei Wang, E. Goguet, Stephanie Paz Padilla, R. Vassell, S. Pollett, E. Mitre, C. Weiss
We compared neutralizing antibody responses to BA.4/5, BQ.1.1, XBB, and XBB.1.5 Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants after a bivalent or ancestral COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccine or post-vaccination infection. We found that the bivalent booster elicited moderately high antibody titers against BA.4/5 that were approximately two-fold higher against all Omicron variants than titers elicited by the monovalent booster. The bivalent booster elicited low but similar titers against both XBB and XBB.1.5 variants. These findings inform risk assessments for future COVID-19 vaccine recommendations and suggest that updated COVID-19 vaccines containing matched vaccine antigens to circulating divergent variants may be needed.
{"title":"Bivalent COVID-19 vaccine antibody responses to Omicron variants suggest that responses to divergent variants would be improved with matched vaccine antigens","authors":"Wei Wang, E. Goguet, Stephanie Paz Padilla, R. Vassell, S. Pollett, E. Mitre, C. Weiss","doi":"10.1101/2023.02.22.23286320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.22.23286320","url":null,"abstract":"We compared neutralizing antibody responses to BA.4/5, BQ.1.1, XBB, and XBB.1.5 Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants after a bivalent or ancestral COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccine or post-vaccination infection. We found that the bivalent booster elicited moderately high antibody titers against BA.4/5 that were approximately two-fold higher against all Omicron variants than titers elicited by the monovalent booster. The bivalent booster elicited low but similar titers against both XBB and XBB.1.5 variants. These findings inform risk assessments for future COVID-19 vaccine recommendations and suggest that updated COVID-19 vaccines containing matched vaccine antigens to circulating divergent variants may be needed.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79213256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.13.23285848
J. Wong, J. Cheung, Y. Lin, H. Bond, E. Lau, D. Ip, B. Cowling, Peng Wu
Background: Understanding severity of infections with SARS-CoV-2 and its variants is crucial to inform public health measures. Here we used COVID-19 patient data from Hong Kong to characterise the severity profile of COVID-19 and to examine factors associated with fatality of infection. Methods: Time-varying and age-specific effective severity measured by case-hospitalization risk and hospitalization risk was estimated with all individual COVID-19 case data collected in Hong Kong from 23 January 2020 through to 26 October 2022 over six epidemic waves, in comparison with estimates of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 during the 2009 pandemic. The intrinsic severity of Omicron BA.2 was compared with the estimate for the ancestral strain with the data from unvaccinated patients without previous infections. Factors potentially associated with the fatality risk of hospitalized Omicron patients were also examined. Results: With 32,222 COVID-19 hospitalizations and 9,669 deaths confirmed over 6 epidemic waves in Hong Kong, the time-varying hospitalization fatality risk dramatically increased from below 10% before the largest fifth wave of Omicron BA.2, to 41% during the peak of the fifth wave when hospital resources were severely constrained. The age-specific fatality risk in unvaccinated hospitalized Omicron cases was comparable to the estimates for unvaccinated cases with the ancestral strain. During epidemics predominated by Omicron BA.2, the highest fatality risk was amongst unvaccinated patients aged [≥]80 years and the risk was inversely associated with the number of vaccination doses received. Conclusions: Omicron has comparable intrinsic severity to the ancestral Wuhan strain although the effective severity is substantially lower in Omicron cases due to vaccination. With a moderate-to-high coverage of vaccination, hospitalized COVID-19 patients caused by Omicron subvariants appeared to have similar age-specific risks of fatality to patients hospitalized with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09.
{"title":"Intrinsic and effective severity of COVID-19 cases infected with the ancestral strain and Omicron BA.2 variant in Hong Kong","authors":"J. Wong, J. Cheung, Y. Lin, H. Bond, E. Lau, D. Ip, B. Cowling, Peng Wu","doi":"10.1101/2023.02.13.23285848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.13.23285848","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Understanding severity of infections with SARS-CoV-2 and its variants is crucial to inform public health measures. Here we used COVID-19 patient data from Hong Kong to characterise the severity profile of COVID-19 and to examine factors associated with fatality of infection. Methods: Time-varying and age-specific effective severity measured by case-hospitalization risk and hospitalization risk was estimated with all individual COVID-19 case data collected in Hong Kong from 23 January 2020 through to 26 October 2022 over six epidemic waves, in comparison with estimates of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 during the 2009 pandemic. The intrinsic severity of Omicron BA.2 was compared with the estimate for the ancestral strain with the data from unvaccinated patients without previous infections. Factors potentially associated with the fatality risk of hospitalized Omicron patients were also examined. Results: With 32,222 COVID-19 hospitalizations and 9,669 deaths confirmed over 6 epidemic waves in Hong Kong, the time-varying hospitalization fatality risk dramatically increased from below 10% before the largest fifth wave of Omicron BA.2, to 41% during the peak of the fifth wave when hospital resources were severely constrained. The age-specific fatality risk in unvaccinated hospitalized Omicron cases was comparable to the estimates for unvaccinated cases with the ancestral strain. During epidemics predominated by Omicron BA.2, the highest fatality risk was amongst unvaccinated patients aged [≥]80 years and the risk was inversely associated with the number of vaccination doses received. Conclusions: Omicron has comparable intrinsic severity to the ancestral Wuhan strain although the effective severity is substantially lower in Omicron cases due to vaccination. With a moderate-to-high coverage of vaccination, hospitalized COVID-19 patients caused by Omicron subvariants appeared to have similar age-specific risks of fatality to patients hospitalized with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86277634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Latar belakang: Kandungan kimia daun kelor (M.oleifera) menunjukan sifat antibakteri terhadap bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif dengan menghambat sintesis dan metabolisme DNA serta menghancurkan dinding sel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui signifikansi kemampuan ekstrak daun M.oleifera sebagai antiseptik terhadap E. coli dan S. pyogenes. Metode: Uji percentage kill dilakukan untuk mengetahui persentase kematian bakteri setelah kontak dengan M. oleifera pada menit ke 1, 2 dan 5. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu kontrol dan perlakuan yang dilakukan secara bersamaan. Uji dinyatakan memenuhi standar bila memberikan hasil ≥90% untuk setiap waktu kontak. Hasil: Uji terhadap E. coli pada menit ke 1, 2 dan 5 menunjukkan hasil masing-masing 93.41%, 94.14%, dan 96.87%, sedangkan terhadap S. pyogenes masing-masing 73.27%, 83.15% dan 94.19%. Terhadap S. pyogenes pada menit ke-5 memenuhi standar. Kesimpulan: M. oleifera efektif mengeliminasi E. coli karena nilai percentage kill untuk semua waktu kontak ≥90% dengan nilai tertinggi pada menit ke-5 (96.87%), sedangkan terhadap S. pyogenes ekstrak daun M. oleifera menunjukkan aktifitas mikroba yang baik pada waktu kontak 5 menit (94.19%).
{"title":"Ekstrak Moringa oleifera Sebagai Antiseptik Terhadap Escherichia coli dan Streptococcus pyogenes Menggunakan Metode Percentage Kill","authors":"Conny Riana Tjampakasari, Ariyani Kiranasari, Alfia Chairunnisa, Fatindhiya Mahira Hilmy","doi":"10.32667/ijid.v8i2.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v8i2.145","url":null,"abstract":"Latar belakang: Kandungan kimia daun kelor (M.oleifera) menunjukan sifat antibakteri terhadap bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif dengan menghambat sintesis dan metabolisme DNA serta menghancurkan dinding sel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui signifikansi kemampuan ekstrak daun M.oleifera sebagai antiseptik terhadap E. coli dan S. pyogenes. Metode: Uji percentage kill dilakukan untuk mengetahui persentase kematian bakteri setelah kontak dengan M. oleifera pada menit ke 1, 2 dan 5. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu kontrol dan perlakuan yang dilakukan secara bersamaan. Uji dinyatakan memenuhi standar bila memberikan hasil ≥90% untuk setiap waktu kontak. Hasil: Uji terhadap E. coli pada menit ke 1, 2 dan 5 menunjukkan hasil masing-masing 93.41%, 94.14%, dan 96.87%, sedangkan terhadap S. pyogenes masing-masing 73.27%, 83.15% dan 94.19%. Terhadap S. pyogenes pada menit ke-5 memenuhi standar. Kesimpulan: M. oleifera efektif mengeliminasi E. coli karena nilai percentage kill untuk semua waktu kontak ≥90% dengan nilai tertinggi pada menit ke-5 (96.87%), sedangkan terhadap S. pyogenes ekstrak daun M. oleifera menunjukkan aktifitas mikroba yang baik pada waktu kontak 5 menit (94.19%).","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80621802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mita Puspita Sari, Rizana Fajrunni’mah, Dewi Astuti, Kunti Wijiarti, Farida Murtiani
Latar Belakang: Wabah Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Temuan laboratorium pada pasien COVID-19 yang parah melibatkan penanda inflamasi yang meningkat, termasuk feritin. Feritin adalah mediator kunci dari disregulasi imun, terutama di bawah hiperferitinemia ekstrim. Pasien COVID-19 dengan hiperferitinemia memiliki tingkat penanda inflamasi yang jauh lebih tinggi, salah satunya adalah prokalsitonin (PCT). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar feritin serum dengan PCT pada pasien COVID-19. Metode: Metode penelitian ini adalah analitik korelatif. Sampel adalah data rekam medik sebanyak 463 pasien COVID-19 di RS Persahabatan periode Januari – Desember 2021. Hubungan antara kadar feritin serum dengan kadar PCT dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Spearman. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh 240 (51,8%) pasien laki-laki dengan kelompok umur tertinggi 46-59 tahun sebanyak 160 (34,6%) pasien dan 60 tahun sebanyak 163 (35,0%) pasien. Rerata kadar feritin serum adalah 995.218 µg/L dengan kadar minimum 11,3 µg/L dan kadar maksimum 22.612,7 µg/L, sedangkan rerata kadar PCT adalah 0,3892 ng/mL dengan kadar minimum 0 ,00 ng/mL dan kadar maksimum 50,73 ng/mL. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman diperoleh nilai p 0,000 dan rho 0,573. Kesimpulan: Rumah sakit atau institusi pelayanan dapat menerapkan hasil penelitian ini dengan melakukan salah satu pemeriksaan kadar feritin serum atau PCT sambil memantau co-diagnosis pasien.
背景:由Severe急性急性呼吸合成体-2病毒引起的Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)。严重的COVID-19患者体内的实验室发现包括feritin在内的炎症标记增加。Feritin是免疫调节的关键调解人，尤其是在极端高素的情况下。高血症高血症患者的炎症水平要高得多，其中之一是二甲素(PCT)。目的:本研究旨在确定血清feritin水平与COVID-19患者PCT的关系。方法:本研究方法是分析相关的。样本是2011年1月至12月间友谊医院463名COVID-19患者的病史。血清feritin水平与PCT水平的关系使用Spearman测试进行了统计分析。结果:这项研究发现240(51.8%)患者的最高年龄为46-59岁，患者为160岁(34.6%)，患者为163岁(35.0%)。平均feritin血清水平是995218µg / L的最低水平11.3µg / L和最大水平22.612,7µg / L,而平均PCT水平是最低水平的0.3892 ng / mL 0点,ng / mL和最大水平50.73 ng / mL。斯皮尔曼相关测试结果获得了p。0。573分。结论:医院或服务机构可以通过对血清feritin水平或PCT进行一次检查来应用这项研究，同时监测患者的共同诊断。
{"title":"Korelasi Antara Kadar Ferritin Serum dengan Procalcitonin Pada Pasien COVID-19","authors":"Mita Puspita Sari, Rizana Fajrunni’mah, Dewi Astuti, Kunti Wijiarti, Farida Murtiani","doi":"10.32667/ijid.v8i2.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v8i2.151","url":null,"abstract":"Latar Belakang: Wabah Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Temuan laboratorium pada pasien COVID-19 yang parah melibatkan penanda inflamasi yang meningkat, termasuk feritin. Feritin adalah mediator kunci dari disregulasi imun, terutama di bawah hiperferitinemia ekstrim. Pasien COVID-19 dengan hiperferitinemia memiliki tingkat penanda inflamasi yang jauh lebih tinggi, salah satunya adalah prokalsitonin (PCT). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar feritin serum dengan PCT pada pasien COVID-19. Metode: Metode penelitian ini adalah analitik korelatif. Sampel adalah data rekam medik sebanyak 463 pasien COVID-19 di RS Persahabatan periode Januari – Desember 2021. Hubungan antara kadar feritin serum dengan kadar PCT dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Spearman. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh 240 (51,8%) pasien laki-laki dengan kelompok umur tertinggi 46-59 tahun sebanyak 160 (34,6%) pasien dan 60 tahun sebanyak 163 (35,0%) pasien. Rerata kadar feritin serum adalah 995.218 µg/L dengan kadar minimum 11,3 µg/L dan kadar maksimum 22.612,7 µg/L, sedangkan rerata kadar PCT adalah 0,3892 ng/mL dengan kadar minimum 0 ,00 ng/mL dan kadar maksimum 50,73 ng/mL. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman diperoleh nilai p 0,000 dan rho 0,573. Kesimpulan: Rumah sakit atau institusi pelayanan dapat menerapkan hasil penelitian ini dengan melakukan salah satu pemeriksaan kadar feritin serum atau PCT sambil memantau co-diagnosis pasien.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88230033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Latar Belakang : COVID-19 diidentifikasi sebagai penyakit sistem pernapasan namun diketahui juga berperan dalam gangguan koagulasi darah. Peningkatan nilai D-dimer secara signifikan merupakan parameter koagulasi yang menandakan adanya hiperinflamasi dan menyebabkan terjadinya hiperkoagulasi. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan antikoagulan berdasarkan jenis antikoagulan, rute, dan lama pemberian terhadap penurunan nilai D-dimer. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif secara retrospektif dengan desain cross sectional dan menggunakan metode total sampling. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 246 pasien rawat inap COVID-19 di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso periode Januari-Desember 2021. Hasil: Pemeriksaan D-dimer sebelum dan sesudah pemberian menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) dimana rata-rata sebelum 1,477 mg/L dan sesudah 0,6806 mg/L dengan penurunan sebesar 0,778 mg/L. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh dari variabel independen (penggunaan antikoagulan) terhadap variabel dependen (penurunan nilai D-dimer) (p<0,05) dimana variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan adalah jenis antikoagulan dan rute pemberian (p<0,05) serta diketahui bahwa jenis antikoagulan enoxaparin dan rute subkutan adalah yang paling baik dalam menurunkan nilai D-dimer. Kesimpulan: Dalam upaya mengatasi hiperkoagulasi pada pasien COVID-19, penggunaan antikoagulan dengan mempertimbangkan jenis dan rute pemberian akan memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap penurunan nilai D-dimer.
{"title":"Pengaruh Penggunaan Antikoagulan Terhadap Penurunan Nilai D-Dimer pada Pasien COVID-19","authors":"Feri Setiadi, Dealya Adira Panjaitan, Memy Aviatin","doi":"10.32667/ijid.v8i2.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v8i2.149","url":null,"abstract":"Latar Belakang : COVID-19 diidentifikasi sebagai penyakit sistem pernapasan namun diketahui juga berperan dalam gangguan koagulasi darah. Peningkatan nilai D-dimer secara signifikan merupakan parameter koagulasi yang menandakan adanya hiperinflamasi dan menyebabkan terjadinya hiperkoagulasi. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan antikoagulan berdasarkan jenis antikoagulan, rute, dan lama pemberian terhadap penurunan nilai D-dimer. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif secara retrospektif dengan desain cross sectional dan menggunakan metode total sampling. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 246 pasien rawat inap COVID-19 di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso periode Januari-Desember 2021. Hasil: Pemeriksaan D-dimer sebelum dan sesudah pemberian menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) dimana rata-rata sebelum 1,477 mg/L dan sesudah 0,6806 mg/L dengan penurunan sebesar 0,778 mg/L. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh dari variabel independen (penggunaan antikoagulan) terhadap variabel dependen (penurunan nilai D-dimer) (p<0,05) dimana variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan adalah jenis antikoagulan dan rute pemberian (p<0,05) serta diketahui bahwa jenis antikoagulan enoxaparin dan rute subkutan adalah yang paling baik dalam menurunkan nilai D-dimer. Kesimpulan: Dalam upaya mengatasi hiperkoagulasi pada pasien COVID-19, penggunaan antikoagulan dengan mempertimbangkan jenis dan rute pemberian akan memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap penurunan nilai D-dimer.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80767596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Latar Belakang: Infeksi COVID-19 petugas kesehatan dapat menyebabkan krisis eksistensi pada tenaga kesehatan itu sendiri dan infrastruktur kesehatan, baik lokal maupun nasional. Oleh karena itu, surveilans berkualitas tinggi pada petugas kesehatan menjadi langkah mendasar untuk perlindungan dan penanggulangan yang tepat dilakukan. Tujuan: memberikan gambaran infeksi COVID-19 tenaga kesehatan berdasarkan data surveilans. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Pusat Infeksi Sulianti Saroso pada bulan Maret 2022. Data sekunder bersumber dari data surveilans epidemiologi pada petugas terkonfirmasi COVID-19 periode Januari – Februari 2022 sebanyak 233 subjek. Analisa data secara univariat. Hasil: Gambaran epidemiologi pegawai terkonfirmasi COVID-19 yaitu puncak kasus minggu ke-7, kasus terbesar pada umur 30-39 tahun (34,8%), berjenis kelamin perempuan (61%), domisili Jakarta Utara (34%), tenaga kesehatan lainnya (55%), isolasi mandiri (96%) dan luaran hidup (100%). Faktor risiko yaitu tidak memiliki riwayat perjalanan (89%), bukan pengguna transportasi umum (77%), kontak dengan rekan kerja (54%), tidak memiliki komorbid (83%), infeksi pertama (49%), vaksin primer 2x dan booster 1x (58%). Terjadi klaster unit kerja. Kesimpulan: Infeksi COVID-19 pada tenaga kesehatan menggambarkan karakteristik epidemiologi (orang, tempat dan waktu) serta faktor risiko.
{"title":"Infeksi COVID-19 pada Tenaga Kesehatan Rumah Sakit","authors":"Anita Puspitasari Dyah Nugroho, H. Herlina, Farida Murtiani, Intansari Pertiwi, Nunung Hendrawati, Siti Maemun, Andi Dala Intan Sapta Nanda, Christine Ernita Banggai","doi":"10.32667/ijid.v8i2.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v8i2.136","url":null,"abstract":"Latar Belakang: Infeksi COVID-19 petugas kesehatan dapat menyebabkan krisis eksistensi pada tenaga kesehatan itu sendiri dan infrastruktur kesehatan, baik lokal maupun nasional. Oleh karena itu, surveilans berkualitas tinggi pada petugas kesehatan menjadi langkah mendasar untuk perlindungan dan penanggulangan yang tepat dilakukan. Tujuan: memberikan gambaran infeksi COVID-19 tenaga kesehatan berdasarkan data surveilans. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Pusat Infeksi Sulianti Saroso pada bulan Maret 2022. Data sekunder bersumber dari data surveilans epidemiologi pada petugas terkonfirmasi COVID-19 periode Januari – Februari 2022 sebanyak 233 subjek. Analisa data secara univariat. Hasil: Gambaran epidemiologi pegawai terkonfirmasi COVID-19 yaitu puncak kasus minggu ke-7, kasus terbesar pada umur 30-39 tahun (34,8%), berjenis kelamin perempuan (61%), domisili Jakarta Utara (34%), tenaga kesehatan lainnya (55%), isolasi mandiri (96%) dan luaran hidup (100%). Faktor risiko yaitu tidak memiliki riwayat perjalanan (89%), bukan pengguna transportasi umum (77%), kontak dengan rekan kerja (54%), tidak memiliki komorbid (83%), infeksi pertama (49%), vaksin primer 2x dan booster 1x (58%). Terjadi klaster unit kerja. Kesimpulan: Infeksi COVID-19 pada tenaga kesehatan menggambarkan karakteristik epidemiologi (orang, tempat dan waktu) serta faktor risiko.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73739657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Latar Belakang: Terjadi peningkatan kasus DBD di Kota Bandung pada tahun 2021 diikuti dengan angka kematian. Upaya dalam menekan angka insiden DBD dengan nenentukan program pencegahan yang tepat. Tujuan: Menganalisis gambaran epidemiologi dan sistem surveilans DBD di Kota Bandung. Metode: Penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomena dan indepth interview. Sampel yaitu seluruh kasus DBD di Kota Bandung pada 6 tahun terakhir. Subjek penelitian kualitatif dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil: Gambaran epidemiologi berdasarkan orang, jumlah kasus DBD banyak terjadi pada laki-laki, golongan umur anak-anak. Berdasarkan tempat jumlah kasus tertinggi di Kecamatan Antapani. Berdasarkan waktu, dalam 3 tahun terakhir kasus DBD mengalami meningkatan pada akhir tahun. Kasus demam berdarah dengue cenderung menurun dalam tiga tahun terakhir. Kemungkinan telah terjadi KLB di beberapa Puskesmas yang ada di Kota Bandung pada tahun 2021. Kesimpulan: Hasil penilaian sistem surveilens yang dikategorikan sangat baik adalah tujuan sistem surveilans, pengolahan dan analisis data, kelengkapan data, dan akses ke pelayanan kesehatan, yang dikategorikan baik adalah ketepatan diagnosis, partisifasi fasilitas kesehatan dan konsistensi data, yang dikategorikan kurang baik adalah ketepatan data.
{"title":"Studi Mixed Method: Gambaran Epidemiologi dan Analisis Sistem Surveilans Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Di Kota Bandung","authors":"Agung Sutriyawan, Suherdin Suherdin","doi":"10.32667/ijid.v8i2.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v8i2.144","url":null,"abstract":"Latar Belakang: Terjadi peningkatan kasus DBD di Kota Bandung pada tahun 2021 diikuti dengan angka kematian. Upaya dalam menekan angka insiden DBD dengan nenentukan program pencegahan yang tepat. Tujuan: Menganalisis gambaran epidemiologi dan sistem surveilans DBD di Kota Bandung. Metode: Penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomena dan indepth interview. Sampel yaitu seluruh kasus DBD di Kota Bandung pada 6 tahun terakhir. Subjek penelitian kualitatif dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil: Gambaran epidemiologi berdasarkan orang, jumlah kasus DBD banyak terjadi pada laki-laki, golongan umur anak-anak. Berdasarkan tempat jumlah kasus tertinggi di Kecamatan Antapani. Berdasarkan waktu, dalam 3 tahun terakhir kasus DBD mengalami meningkatan pada akhir tahun. Kasus demam berdarah dengue cenderung menurun dalam tiga tahun terakhir. Kemungkinan telah terjadi KLB di beberapa Puskesmas yang ada di Kota Bandung pada tahun 2021. Kesimpulan: Hasil penilaian sistem surveilens yang dikategorikan sangat baik adalah tujuan sistem surveilans, pengolahan dan analisis data, kelengkapan data, dan akses ke pelayanan kesehatan, yang dikategorikan baik adalah ketepatan diagnosis, partisifasi fasilitas kesehatan dan konsistensi data, yang dikategorikan kurang baik adalah ketepatan data.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87874721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-14DOI: 10.1101/2022.11.14.22282310
Nicole E Winchester, N. Shrestha, Priscilla Kim, L. G. Tereshchenko, M. Rothberg
Background: SARS-CoV-2 immunity has declined with subsequent waves and accrual of viral mutations. In vitro studies raise concern for immune escape by BA.4/BA.5, and a study in Qatar showed moderate protection, but these findings have yet to be reproduced. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included individuals tested for COVID-19 by PCR during Delta or BA.1/BA.2 and retested during BA.4/BA.5. The preventable fraction (PF) was calculated as ratio of the infection/hospitalization rate for initially positive patients divided by infection/hospitalization rate for initially negative patients, stratified by age, and adjusted for age, gender, comorbidities, and vaccination using logistic regression. Results: 20,987 patients met inclusion criteria. Prior Delta infection provided no protection against BA.4/BA.5 infection (Adjusted PF: 11.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8-21.8); p=0.036) and minimal protection against hospitalization (Adjusted PF: 10.7% (95%CI, 4.9-21.7); p=0.003). In adjusted models, prior BA.1/BA.2 infection provided 45.9% (95%CI, 36.2-54.1) (p <0.001) protection against BA.4/BA.5 reinfection and 18.8% (95% CI, 10.3-28.3) (p<0.0001) protection against hospitalization. Up-to-date vaccination provided modest protection against reinfection with BA.4/BA.5 and hospitalization. Conclusions: Prior infection with BA.1/BA.2 and up-to-date vaccination provided modest protection against infection with BA.4/BA.5 and hospitalization, while prior Delta infection provided minimal protection against hospitalization, and no infection protection.
{"title":"Protection conferred by Delta and BA.1/BA.2 infection against BA.4/BA.5 infection and hospitalization: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Nicole E Winchester, N. Shrestha, Priscilla Kim, L. G. Tereshchenko, M. Rothberg","doi":"10.1101/2022.11.14.22282310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.11.14.22282310","url":null,"abstract":"Background: SARS-CoV-2 immunity has declined with subsequent waves and accrual of viral mutations. In vitro studies raise concern for immune escape by BA.4/BA.5, and a study in Qatar showed moderate protection, but these findings have yet to be reproduced. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included individuals tested for COVID-19 by PCR during Delta or BA.1/BA.2 and retested during BA.4/BA.5. The preventable fraction (PF) was calculated as ratio of the infection/hospitalization rate for initially positive patients divided by infection/hospitalization rate for initially negative patients, stratified by age, and adjusted for age, gender, comorbidities, and vaccination using logistic regression. Results: 20,987 patients met inclusion criteria. Prior Delta infection provided no protection against BA.4/BA.5 infection (Adjusted PF: 11.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8-21.8); p=0.036) and minimal protection against hospitalization (Adjusted PF: 10.7% (95%CI, 4.9-21.7); p=0.003). In adjusted models, prior BA.1/BA.2 infection provided 45.9% (95%CI, 36.2-54.1) (p <0.001) protection against BA.4/BA.5 reinfection and 18.8% (95% CI, 10.3-28.3) (p<0.0001) protection against hospitalization. Up-to-date vaccination provided modest protection against reinfection with BA.4/BA.5 and hospitalization. Conclusions: Prior infection with BA.1/BA.2 and up-to-date vaccination provided modest protection against infection with BA.4/BA.5 and hospitalization, while prior Delta infection provided minimal protection against hospitalization, and no infection protection.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78676236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.1101/2022.11.10.22282132
Y. Löwensteyn, Z. Zheng, Neele Rave, M. Bannier, Marie-Noëlle Billard, J. Casalegno, V. Pitzer, J. Wildenbeest, D. Weinberger, L. Bont
A nationwide prospective study showed year-round RSV transmission in the Netherlands after an initial 2021 summer outbreak. The pattern was unprecedented and distinct from neighboring countries. Our dynamic simulation model suggests that this transmission pattern could be associated with waning immunity because of low RSV circulation during the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Year-round RSV Transmission in the Netherlands Following the COVID-19 Pandemic - A Prospective Nationwide Observational and Modeling Study","authors":"Y. Löwensteyn, Z. Zheng, Neele Rave, M. Bannier, Marie-Noëlle Billard, J. Casalegno, V. Pitzer, J. Wildenbeest, D. Weinberger, L. Bont","doi":"10.1101/2022.11.10.22282132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.11.10.22282132","url":null,"abstract":"A nationwide prospective study showed year-round RSV transmission in the Netherlands after an initial 2021 summer outbreak. The pattern was unprecedented and distinct from neighboring countries. Our dynamic simulation model suggests that this transmission pattern could be associated with waning immunity because of low RSV circulation during the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74500752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.1101/2022.10.04.22280689
Kayoko Shioda, Yang-ling Chen, M. Collins, B. Lopman
Background: Immune protection against SARS-CoV-2 can be induced by natural infection or vaccination or both. The interaction between vaccine-induced immunity and naturally acquired immunity at the population level has been understudied. Methods: We used regression models to evaluate whether the impact of COVID-19 vaccines differed across states with different levels of naturally acquired immunity from March 2021 to April 2022 in the United States. Analysis was conducted for three evaluation periods separately (Alpha, Delta, and Omicron waves). As a proxy of the proportion of the population with naturally acquired immunity, we used either the reported seroprevalence or the estimated proportion of the population ever infected in each state. Results: COVID-19 mortality decreased as the coverage of [≥]1 dose increased among people [≥]65 years of age, and this effect did not vary by seroprevalence or the proportion of the total population ever infected. Seroprevalence and the proportion ever infected were not associated with COVID-19 mortality, after controlling for vaccine coverage. These findings were consistent in all evaluation periods. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a sustained reduction in mortality at the state level during the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron periods. The effect did not vary by naturally acquired immunity.
{"title":"Population-level relative effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccines and the contribution of naturally acquired immunity","authors":"Kayoko Shioda, Yang-ling Chen, M. Collins, B. Lopman","doi":"10.1101/2022.10.04.22280689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.04.22280689","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Immune protection against SARS-CoV-2 can be induced by natural infection or vaccination or both. The interaction between vaccine-induced immunity and naturally acquired immunity at the population level has been understudied. Methods: We used regression models to evaluate whether the impact of COVID-19 vaccines differed across states with different levels of naturally acquired immunity from March 2021 to April 2022 in the United States. Analysis was conducted for three evaluation periods separately (Alpha, Delta, and Omicron waves). As a proxy of the proportion of the population with naturally acquired immunity, we used either the reported seroprevalence or the estimated proportion of the population ever infected in each state. Results: COVID-19 mortality decreased as the coverage of [≥]1 dose increased among people [≥]65 years of age, and this effect did not vary by seroprevalence or the proportion of the total population ever infected. Seroprevalence and the proportion ever infected were not associated with COVID-19 mortality, after controlling for vaccine coverage. These findings were consistent in all evaluation periods. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a sustained reduction in mortality at the state level during the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron periods. The effect did not vary by naturally acquired immunity.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85878022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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