Latar Belakang: Penggunaan kateter intravena perifer (PIVC) adalah praktik invasif yang umum dalam pengaturan perawatan kesehatan. Diperkirakan sekitar 70% orang dengan PIVC akan mengalami komplikasi seperti infeksi. Infeksi pada area kateter intravena yang sering terjadi adalah phlebitis, dimana terjadinya peradangan pada tunika intima vena, yang dapat terjadi akibat kateterisasi vena. Untuk mengurangi adanya oklusi pada kateter instravena yang menyebabkan phlebitis adalah dengan dilakukannya flushing. Tujuan: meninjau bukti ilmiah (evidence base) tindakan flushing. Metode: Artikel ini dibuat berdasarkan telaah jurnal yang berkaitan dengan flushing yaitu 2017-2022 dengan strategi pencarian melibatkan basis data Science Direct, ProQuest, Springer link. Kriteria inklusi dalam penelusuran literatur ini adalah artikel yang terkait dengan flushin, artikel penelitian kuantitatif, artikel fulltext dan berbahasa Inggris yang publish tahun 2015-2022. Sementara kriteria eksklusi dalam penelusuran literatur adalah jenis artikel literature review atau sistematik review. Hasil: Flushing dengan menggunakan NaCl 0,9% terbukti dapat mempertahankan kepatenan kateter intravena perifer. Kesimpulan: Flushing dapat mencegah terjadinya phlebitis pada pasien yang dipasang infus perifer.
{"title":"Pencegahan Phlebitis dengan Tindakan Flushing: Literature Review","authors":"Nuraidah Nuraidah, Atika Rahmawani, Dilda Dilda","doi":"10.32667/ijid.v9i2.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v9i2.166","url":null,"abstract":"Latar Belakang: Penggunaan kateter intravena perifer (PIVC) adalah praktik invasif yang umum dalam pengaturan perawatan kesehatan. Diperkirakan sekitar 70% orang dengan PIVC akan mengalami komplikasi seperti infeksi. Infeksi pada area kateter intravena yang sering terjadi adalah phlebitis, dimana terjadinya peradangan pada tunika intima vena, yang dapat terjadi akibat kateterisasi vena. Untuk mengurangi adanya oklusi pada kateter instravena yang menyebabkan phlebitis adalah dengan dilakukannya flushing. Tujuan: meninjau bukti ilmiah (evidence base) tindakan flushing. Metode: Artikel ini dibuat berdasarkan telaah jurnal yang berkaitan dengan flushing yaitu 2017-2022 dengan strategi pencarian melibatkan basis data Science Direct, ProQuest, Springer link. Kriteria inklusi dalam penelusuran literatur ini adalah artikel yang terkait dengan flushin, artikel penelitian kuantitatif, artikel fulltext dan berbahasa Inggris yang publish tahun 2015-2022. Sementara kriteria eksklusi dalam penelusuran literatur adalah jenis artikel literature review atau sistematik review. Hasil: Flushing dengan menggunakan NaCl 0,9% terbukti dapat mempertahankan kepatenan kateter intravena perifer. Kesimpulan: Flushing dapat mencegah terjadinya phlebitis pada pasien yang dipasang infus perifer.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"30 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Rohmayani, Anindita Riesti Retno Arimurti, Yeti eka Sispita Sari, N. Romadhon, Libahi Lihabi
Latar belakang: Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) adalah cacing golongan Nematoda usus yang siklus penularannya membutuhkan tanah. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui gambaran infeksi parasit STH pada kuku tangan petani penyintas erupsi gunung Semeru di desa Sumbermujur kecamatan Candipuro kabupaten Lumajang. Metode: Desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah petani penyintas erupsi semeru sebanyak 25 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara dan pemeriksaan potongan kuku tangan di laboratorium untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan telur parasit STH pada petani penyintas erupsi gunung Semeru. Sampel yang digunakan adalah kuku tangan petani penyintas erupsi Gunung Semeru. Pemeriksaan sampel di laboratorium menggunakan metode sedimentasi. Hasil: dari 25 sampel yang diperiksa ditemukan sebanyak 4 sampel atau sebesar 16% yang dinyatakan positif terinfeksi STH dan 4 sampel yang dinyatakan positif ditemukan 1 jenis parasit STH yaitu spesies Ascaris lumbricoides. Berdasarkan hasil uji Chi Square diperoleh Pvalue=0,03. Kesimpulan: ada hubungan antara kebersihan diri dengan keberadaan telur STH pada sampel kuku tangan petani.
{"title":"Gambaran Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminth pada Petani Penyitas Erupsi Gunung Semeru","authors":"V. Rohmayani, Anindita Riesti Retno Arimurti, Yeti eka Sispita Sari, N. Romadhon, Libahi Lihabi","doi":"10.32667/ijid.v9i2.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v9i2.172","url":null,"abstract":"Latar belakang: Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) adalah cacing golongan Nematoda usus yang siklus penularannya membutuhkan tanah. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui gambaran infeksi parasit STH pada kuku tangan petani penyintas erupsi gunung Semeru di desa Sumbermujur kecamatan Candipuro kabupaten Lumajang. Metode: Desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah petani penyintas erupsi semeru sebanyak 25 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara dan pemeriksaan potongan kuku tangan di laboratorium untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan telur parasit STH pada petani penyintas erupsi gunung Semeru. Sampel yang digunakan adalah kuku tangan petani penyintas erupsi Gunung Semeru. Pemeriksaan sampel di laboratorium menggunakan metode sedimentasi. Hasil: dari 25 sampel yang diperiksa ditemukan sebanyak 4 sampel atau sebesar 16% yang dinyatakan positif terinfeksi STH dan 4 sampel yang dinyatakan positif ditemukan 1 jenis parasit STH yaitu spesies Ascaris lumbricoides. Berdasarkan hasil uji Chi Square diperoleh Pvalue=0,03. Kesimpulan: ada hubungan antara kebersihan diri dengan keberadaan telur STH pada sampel kuku tangan petani.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"37 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kenmoe, H. Chu, F. Dawood, J. Milucky, W. Kittikraisak, H. Matthewson, D. Kulkarni, P. Suntarattiwong, Collrane Frivold, Sarita Mohanty, F. Havers, You Li, H. Nair
INTRODUCTION With the licensure of maternal RSV vaccines in Europe and USA, data are needed to better characterize the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated acute respiratory infections (ARI) in pregnancy. This study aims to determine among pregnant individuals the proportion of ARI testing positive for RSV and RSV incidence rate, RSV-associated hospitalizations, deaths, and perinatal outcomes. METHODS We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines using five databases (Medline, Embase, Global Health, Web of Science and Global Index Medicus) and included additional unpublished data. Pregnant individuals with respiratory infections who had respiratory samples tested for RSV were included. We used a random-effects meta-analysis to generate overall proportions and rate estimates across studies. RESULTS Eleven studies with pregnant individuals recruited between 2010 and 2022 were identified, most of which recruited pregnant individuals in community, inpatient and outpatient settings. Among 8126 pregnant individuals, the proportion with respiratory infections that tested positive for RSV ranged from 0.9% to 10.7%, with a meta-estimate of 3.4% (95% CI: 1.9; 54). The pooled incidence rate of RSV infection episodes among pregnant individuals was 26.0 (15.8; 36.2) per 1000 person-years. RSV hospitalization rates reported in two studies were 2.4 and 3.0 per 1000 person-years. Of five studies that ascertained RSV-associated deaths among 4708 pregnant individuals, no deaths were reported. Three studies comparing RSV-positive and RSV-negative pregnant individuals found no difference in odds of miscarriage, stillbirth, low birth weight, and small for gestational age. RSV-positive pregnant individuals had higher odds of preterm delivery (odds ratio 3.6 [1.3; 10.3]). CONCLUSION Data on RSV-associated hospitalization incidence rates are limited but available estimates are lower than those reported in older adults and young children. As countries debate whether to include RSV vaccines in maternal vaccination programs, which are primarily intended to protect infants, this information could be useful in shaping vaccine policy decisions.
随着母系RSV疫苗在欧洲和美国获得许可，需要数据来更好地表征妊娠期呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)相关急性呼吸道感染(ARI)的负担。本研究旨在确定妊娠个体中呼吸道感染检测呈RSV阳性的比例、RSV发病率、与RSV相关的住院、死亡和围产期结局。方法我们根据PRISMA 2020指南使用5个数据库(Medline、Embase、Global Health、Web of Science和Global Index Medicus)进行了系统评价，并纳入了其他未发表的数据。包括呼吸道感染的孕妇，并对呼吸道样本进行了RSV检测。我们使用随机效应荟萃分析来生成所有研究的总体比例和比率估计值。结果在2010年至2022年间招募了6名孕妇，其中大多数招募了社区、住院和门诊的孕妇。在8126名孕妇中，呼吸道感染检测为RSV阳性的比例为0.9%至10.7%，meta估计为3.4% (95% CI: 1.9;54)。妊娠个体RSV感染发作的总发生率为26.0 (15.8;36.2)每1000人年。两项研究报告的RSV住院率分别为每1000人年2.4和3.0例。在确定4708名孕妇rsv相关死亡的5项研究中，没有死亡报告。三项比较rsv阳性和rsv阴性孕妇的研究发现，流产、死胎、低出生体重和胎龄小的几率没有差异。rsv阳性孕妇早产的几率较高(优势比3.6 [1.3;10.3])。结论rsv相关住院发生率的数据有限，但现有的估计数据低于老年人和幼儿的报道。随着各国就是否将RSV疫苗纳入主要旨在保护婴儿的孕产妇疫苗接种规划进行辩论，这一信息可能有助于制定疫苗政策决策。
{"title":"Burden of respiratory syncytial virus-associated acute respiratory infections during pregnancy.","authors":"S. Kenmoe, H. Chu, F. Dawood, J. Milucky, W. Kittikraisak, H. Matthewson, D. Kulkarni, P. Suntarattiwong, Collrane Frivold, Sarita Mohanty, F. Havers, You Li, H. Nair","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4557035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4557035","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000With the licensure of maternal RSV vaccines in Europe and USA, data are needed to better characterize the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated acute respiratory infections (ARI) in pregnancy. This study aims to determine among pregnant individuals the proportion of ARI testing positive for RSV and RSV incidence rate, RSV-associated hospitalizations, deaths, and perinatal outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines using five databases (Medline, Embase, Global Health, Web of Science and Global Index Medicus) and included additional unpublished data. Pregnant individuals with respiratory infections who had respiratory samples tested for RSV were included. We used a random-effects meta-analysis to generate overall proportions and rate estimates across studies.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Eleven studies with pregnant individuals recruited between 2010 and 2022 were identified, most of which recruited pregnant individuals in community, inpatient and outpatient settings. Among 8126 pregnant individuals, the proportion with respiratory infections that tested positive for RSV ranged from 0.9% to 10.7%, with a meta-estimate of 3.4% (95% CI: 1.9; 54). The pooled incidence rate of RSV infection episodes among pregnant individuals was 26.0 (15.8; 36.2) per 1000 person-years. RSV hospitalization rates reported in two studies were 2.4 and 3.0 per 1000 person-years. Of five studies that ascertained RSV-associated deaths among 4708 pregnant individuals, no deaths were reported. Three studies comparing RSV-positive and RSV-negative pregnant individuals found no difference in odds of miscarriage, stillbirth, low birth weight, and small for gestational age. RSV-positive pregnant individuals had higher odds of preterm delivery (odds ratio 3.6 [1.3; 10.3]).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Data on RSV-associated hospitalization incidence rates are limited but available estimates are lower than those reported in older adults and young children. As countries debate whether to include RSV vaccines in maternal vaccination programs, which are primarily intended to protect infants, this information could be useful in shaping vaccine policy decisions.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83932870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Latar Belakang: Seluruh dunia saat ini menghadapi tantangan yang luar biasa dalam sistem pelayanan pertama yang terpapar COVID-19 dalam lingkungan masyarakat. Penularan virus COVID-19 yang begitu cepat menjadikan masyarakat tidak mempersiapkan adanya pertolongan pertama. Untuk dapat memperkuat dan mempersiapkan berbagai macam strategi kesiapan menghadapi berbagai macam virus yang mulai berkembang. Dibutuhkan kesiapan pelayanan pertolongan pertama dalam warga terpapar COVID-19. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah adanya hubungan faktor pelayanan pertama yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat pada warga yang terpapar COVID dengan kesiapan beradaptasi pada COVID-19. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat di RW X, Pamulang Timur, Tangerang Selatan yang pernah positif COVID-19. Total sampel yang memenuhi kritria inklusi adalah 231 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara luring dengan cara datang langsung kerumah warga yang pernah terpapar COVID-19 pada bulan Desember 2021 hingga Maret 2022. Analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi Square. Hasil: Mayoritas responden menyatakan pelayanan pertama dalam kategori baik sebanyak 118 (51%) dan kesiapan adaptasi kategori siap sebanyak 181 (78,4%). Hasil uji chi square diperoleh Pvalue= 0,000 (< 0,05). Kesimpulan: ada hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor pelayanan pertama dengan kesiapan beradaptasi pada COVID-19.
{"title":"Hubungan Faktor Pelayanan Pertama Masyarakat Pada Warga Yang Terpapar Covid Dengan Kesiapan Beradaptasi Pada COVID-19","authors":"Kiana Alif Fatwa Supendi, Desmawati Desmawati","doi":"10.32667/ijid.v9i1.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v9i1.170","url":null,"abstract":"Latar Belakang: Seluruh dunia saat ini menghadapi tantangan yang luar biasa dalam sistem pelayanan pertama yang terpapar COVID-19 dalam lingkungan masyarakat. Penularan virus COVID-19 yang begitu cepat menjadikan masyarakat tidak mempersiapkan adanya pertolongan pertama. Untuk dapat memperkuat dan mempersiapkan berbagai macam strategi kesiapan menghadapi berbagai macam virus yang mulai berkembang. Dibutuhkan kesiapan pelayanan pertolongan pertama dalam warga terpapar COVID-19. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah adanya hubungan faktor pelayanan pertama yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat pada warga yang terpapar COVID dengan kesiapan beradaptasi pada COVID-19. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat di RW X, Pamulang Timur, Tangerang Selatan yang pernah positif COVID-19. Total sampel yang memenuhi kritria inklusi adalah 231 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara luring dengan cara datang langsung kerumah warga yang pernah terpapar COVID-19 pada bulan Desember 2021 hingga Maret 2022. Analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi Square. Hasil: Mayoritas responden menyatakan pelayanan pertama dalam kategori baik sebanyak 118 (51%) dan kesiapan adaptasi kategori siap sebanyak 181 (78,4%). Hasil uji chi square diperoleh Pvalue= 0,000 (< 0,05). Kesimpulan: ada hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor pelayanan pertama dengan kesiapan beradaptasi pada COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"203 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86836845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toxoplasma gondii is the cause of toxoplasmosis. More than 60% of the world's population is infected with T. gondii. The prevalence of acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women is 4.8 per 1000 women. The risk of fetal infection until 13 weeks of gestation is about 15% and after that the risk of infection increases and reaches 72% at 36 weeks of gestation. Fibrinogen is one of the most important acute phase proteins in pregnant women. Physiologically, there is an increase in blood procoagulant levels (include fibrinogen), but anticoagulant levels in the blood decrease during pregnancy and the performance of the fibrinolytic system weakens. In this condition, if the woman is infected with toxoplasmosis during pregnancy, the excessive elevation of coagulation factors may increase the risk of thromboembolism. T. gondii infection is known to increase IFN-γ secretion in sheep and rat experimental animals, then secrete fibrinogen-like protein 2 (fgl2) which plays a role in fibrin deposition and thrombosis. Fgl2 is a transmembrane prothrombinase that directly cleaves prothrombin to thrombin. The prothrombinase activity of Fgl2 was observed in abortion. Overall, the coagulation system gets stronger in pregnant women. However, the inflammatory process due to toxoplasmosis results in a prothrombic state situation associated with increased fibrinogen levels. Increased fibrinogen further increases inflammation. Excessive increases in fibrinogen increase the risk of thromboembolism that causes placental infarct and causes abortion.
{"title":"The Role of Fibrinogen on Abortion Incidence in Pregnant Women with Toxoplasmosis","authors":"Jessica Levina, Sri Wahdini","doi":"10.32667/ijid.v9i1.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v9i1.159","url":null,"abstract":"Toxoplasma gondii is the cause of toxoplasmosis. More than 60% of the world's population is infected with T. gondii. The prevalence of acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women is 4.8 per 1000 women. The risk of fetal infection until 13 weeks of gestation is about 15% and after that the risk of infection increases and reaches 72% at 36 weeks of gestation. Fibrinogen is one of the most important acute phase proteins in pregnant women. Physiologically, there is an increase in blood procoagulant levels (include fibrinogen), but anticoagulant levels in the blood decrease during pregnancy and the performance of the fibrinolytic system weakens. In this condition, if the woman is infected with toxoplasmosis during pregnancy, the excessive elevation of coagulation factors may increase the risk of thromboembolism. T. gondii infection is known to increase IFN-γ secretion in sheep and rat experimental animals, then secrete fibrinogen-like protein 2 (fgl2) which plays a role in fibrin deposition and thrombosis. Fgl2 is a transmembrane prothrombinase that directly cleaves prothrombin to thrombin. The prothrombinase activity of Fgl2 was observed in abortion. Overall, the coagulation system gets stronger in pregnant women. However, the inflammatory process due to toxoplasmosis results in a prothrombic state situation associated with increased fibrinogen levels. Increased fibrinogen further increases inflammation. Excessive increases in fibrinogen increase the risk of thromboembolism that causes placental infarct and causes abortion.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84649004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND Literature on the impact of HIV on COVID-19-related outcomes remains mixed. Few studies have evaluated COVID-19 outcomes by HIV status using population-based data. METHODS Using data from New York City (NYC)'s COVID-19 surveillance and HIV surveillance systems prior to the widespread availability of COVID-19 vaccines, we conducted a retrospective cohort study comparing the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality by HIV status among SARS-CoV-2 diagnoses from February 29-October 17, 2020. RESULTS Risk of hospitalization and death among people with HIV (PWH) with COVID-19 were both nearly 30% higher compared with non-PWH. In crude models, incidence of adverse COVID-19 outcomes among PWH compared to non-PWH was elevated in certain groups, including women, Black people, Hispanic/Latino people, Native American people, and multiracial people. CD4 cell count at SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and presence of an underlying, non-HIV-related condition were independently and strongly associated with risk for COVID-19 hospitalization and death among PWH. CONCLUSION New Yorkers with HIV experienced elevated risk for poor COVID-19 outcomes compared to those without HIV during 2020. PWH, particularly those with low CD4 counts or underlying conditions, should be an ongoing focus for COVID-19 vaccination and rigorous identification and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections to prevent adverse outcomes.
{"title":"COVID-19 outcomes among people with HIV and COVID-19 in New York City.","authors":"S. Braunstein, Amanda Wahnich, Rachael Lazar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4016534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4016534","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Literature on the impact of HIV on COVID-19-related outcomes remains mixed. Few studies have evaluated COVID-19 outcomes by HIV status using population-based data.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Using data from New York City (NYC)'s COVID-19 surveillance and HIV surveillance systems prior to the widespread availability of COVID-19 vaccines, we conducted a retrospective cohort study comparing the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality by HIV status among SARS-CoV-2 diagnoses from February 29-October 17, 2020.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Risk of hospitalization and death among people with HIV (PWH) with COVID-19 were both nearly 30% higher compared with non-PWH. In crude models, incidence of adverse COVID-19 outcomes among PWH compared to non-PWH was elevated in certain groups, including women, Black people, Hispanic/Latino people, Native American people, and multiracial people. CD4 cell count at SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and presence of an underlying, non-HIV-related condition were independently and strongly associated with risk for COVID-19 hospitalization and death among PWH.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000New Yorkers with HIV experienced elevated risk for poor COVID-19 outcomes compared to those without HIV during 2020. PWH, particularly those with low CD4 counts or underlying conditions, should be an ongoing focus for COVID-19 vaccination and rigorous identification and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections to prevent adverse outcomes.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89905745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
dengan angka 70.509 sejak 1987 hingga Desember 2020. Kemenkes melaporkan terdapat 31% kasus AIDS usia 21-29 tahun yang mengindikasikan mereka terinfeksi sejak usia muda/remaja, 5 – 10 tahun sebelumnya. Orang hidup dengan HIV (ODHA) tidak hanya berjuang dengan masalah kesehatan tetapi juga stigma dari lingkungannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan mengenai HIV dalam eliminasi stigma terhadap ODHA pada siswa SMPN di Jakarta Timur. Metode: Penelitian kuasi eksperimen berupa pemutaran video, pemberian mengenai HIV dan stigma pada ODHA, pembagian booklet, dan penjelasan video serta booklet. Data dianalisis menggunakan T-test. Hasil: Terdapat 71 respoden dalam penelitian. Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai HIV dan penurunan yang signifikan pada stigma pada ODHA setelah dilakukan intervensi (p value <0,05). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara stigma pada ODHA dengan jenis kelamin, kelas, pendidikan ayah, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, dan info mengenai HIV. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara stigma pada ODHA dengan pengetahuan mengenai (p value = 0,002 dengan korelasi -0,36). Kesimpulan: Semakin tinggi pengetahuan mengenai HIV maka semakin rendah stigma pada ODHA. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi masukan dalam mengembangkan program untuk dalam upaya eliminasi stigma pada ODHA pada siswa SMP dengan menggunakan media berupa video dan booklet.
{"title":"Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Tentang HIV di Sekolah dalam Eliminasi Stigma Pada Orang Dengan HIV/AIDS","authors":"Rita Ismail, Syafdewiyani, Sri Yona","doi":"10.32667/ijid.v9i1.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v9i1.167","url":null,"abstract":"dengan angka 70.509 sejak 1987 hingga Desember 2020. Kemenkes melaporkan terdapat 31% kasus AIDS usia 21-29 tahun yang mengindikasikan mereka terinfeksi sejak usia muda/remaja, 5 – 10 tahun sebelumnya. Orang hidup dengan HIV (ODHA) tidak hanya berjuang dengan masalah kesehatan tetapi juga stigma dari lingkungannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan mengenai HIV dalam eliminasi stigma terhadap ODHA pada siswa SMPN di Jakarta Timur. Metode: Penelitian kuasi eksperimen berupa pemutaran video, pemberian mengenai HIV dan stigma pada ODHA, pembagian booklet, dan penjelasan video serta booklet. Data dianalisis menggunakan T-test. Hasil: Terdapat 71 respoden dalam penelitian. Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai HIV dan penurunan yang signifikan pada stigma pada ODHA setelah dilakukan intervensi (p value <0,05). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara stigma pada ODHA dengan jenis kelamin, kelas, pendidikan ayah, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, dan info mengenai HIV. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara stigma pada ODHA dengan pengetahuan mengenai (p value = 0,002 dengan korelasi -0,36). Kesimpulan: Semakin tinggi pengetahuan mengenai HIV maka semakin rendah stigma pada ODHA. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi masukan dalam mengembangkan program untuk dalam upaya eliminasi stigma pada ODHA pada siswa SMP dengan menggunakan media berupa video dan booklet.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80552150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Latar Belakang : Penderita HIV/AIDS dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dituntut untuk mampu menghadapi masalah yang kompleks, baik fisik, psikis, maupun spiritual. Beratnya permasalahan ODHA akan mempengaruhi aspek psikologis, sosial dan spiritual yang berdampak pada kualitas hidup yang buruk. Tujuan : mengetahui pengaruh infeksi oportunistik, kepatuhan pengobatan dan dukungan keluarga terhadap kualitas hidup ODHA di Pokja HIV RSPI Prof Dr. Sulianti Saroso. Metode : rancangan penelitian deskriptif korelasional dengan metode analitik melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Total sampel 98 sampel pasien HIV/AIDS di Pokja HIV RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso. Hasil : Sebagian besar pasien berusia dewasa akhir (36-45 tahun) (49%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (71,4%), dengan menyatakan pernah mengalami infeksi oportunistik (IO) (66,3%),patuh pada pengobatan (91,8%), mendapat dukungan keluarga (86,7%) dan kualitas hidup baik (85,7%). Terdapat hubungan infeksi oportunistik dengan kualitas hidup d(p value 0,030 < 0,05). Ada hubungan antara kepatuhan pengobatan ARV dengan kualitas hidup ODHA (p value 0,001 < 0,05). Ada Hubungan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup ODHA ( p value 0,019 < 0,05). Kesimpulan : Kualitas hidup ODHA dipengaruhi oleh infeksi oportunistik, kepatuhan pengobatan ARV dan dukungan dari keluarga.
{"title":"Pengaruh Infeksi Oportunistik, Kepatuhan ARV dan Dukungan Keluarga Terhadap Kualitas Hidup ODHA","authors":"Mohamad Hendra Saputra, Tri Mochartini, Intansari Pertiwi, Adria Rusli, Farida Murtiani","doi":"10.32667/ijid.v9i1.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v9i1.173","url":null,"abstract":"Latar Belakang : Penderita HIV/AIDS dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dituntut untuk mampu menghadapi masalah yang kompleks, baik fisik, psikis, maupun spiritual. Beratnya permasalahan ODHA akan mempengaruhi aspek psikologis, sosial dan spiritual yang berdampak pada kualitas hidup yang buruk. Tujuan : mengetahui pengaruh infeksi oportunistik, kepatuhan pengobatan dan dukungan keluarga terhadap kualitas hidup ODHA di Pokja HIV RSPI Prof Dr. Sulianti Saroso. Metode : rancangan penelitian deskriptif korelasional dengan metode analitik melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Total sampel 98 sampel pasien HIV/AIDS di Pokja HIV RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso. Hasil : Sebagian besar pasien berusia dewasa akhir (36-45 tahun) (49%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (71,4%), dengan menyatakan pernah mengalami infeksi oportunistik (IO) (66,3%),patuh pada pengobatan (91,8%), mendapat dukungan keluarga (86,7%) dan kualitas hidup baik (85,7%). Terdapat hubungan infeksi oportunistik dengan kualitas hidup d(p value 0,030 < 0,05). Ada hubungan antara kepatuhan pengobatan ARV dengan kualitas hidup ODHA (p value 0,001 < 0,05). Ada Hubungan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup ODHA ( p value 0,019 < 0,05). Kesimpulan : Kualitas hidup ODHA dipengaruhi oleh infeksi oportunistik, kepatuhan pengobatan ARV dan dukungan dari keluarga.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79560931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eni Mahawati, Endang Surjati, M. Saputra, Fuad Hilmi Sudasman, I. Pertiwi
Latar Belakang: Terdapat 11.959 kasus tuberculosis (TB) paru di Bandung. Gaya hidup, daerah perkotaan dan kumuh yang padat, dan kesehatan lingkungan yang buruk semuanya berkontribusi terhadap tingginya kasus TB paru perkotaan. Peningkatan ini diduga disebabkan oleh lingkungan fisik rumah yang banyak belum memenuhi syarat. Tujuan: Penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan lingkungan fisik rumah dengan kejadian TB paru. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Cross Sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah terduga TB. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 98 responden diambil menggunakan simple random sampling. Kriteria inklusi sampel penelitian adalah pasien suspek TB paru, dan berusia 18–65 tahun. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah termo higrometer dan lux meter. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Chi Square. Hasil: Variabel yang berhubungan adalah suhu (p=0,004, dan POR=4.667), kelembapan (p=0,031, dan POR=2.733), dan pencahayaan (p=0,012, dan POR=3.385). Kesimpulan: Faktor-faktor yang meningkatkan angka kejadian TB paru antara lain kondisi fisik rumah yang tidak memenuhi syarat seperti suhu ruangan diatas 30%, ruangan terlalu lembap (dibawah 40%) dan kurangnya pencahayaan diruangan (<60 lux). Lingkungan fisik rumah yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TB paru adalah suhu, kelembapan dan pencahayaan.
{"title":"Hubungan Lingkungan Fisik Rumah Dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru","authors":"Eni Mahawati, Endang Surjati, M. Saputra, Fuad Hilmi Sudasman, I. Pertiwi","doi":"10.32667/ijid.v9i1.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v9i1.169","url":null,"abstract":"Latar Belakang: Terdapat 11.959 kasus tuberculosis (TB) paru di Bandung. Gaya hidup, daerah perkotaan dan kumuh yang padat, dan kesehatan lingkungan yang buruk semuanya berkontribusi terhadap tingginya kasus TB paru perkotaan. Peningkatan ini diduga disebabkan oleh lingkungan fisik rumah yang banyak belum memenuhi syarat. Tujuan: Penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan lingkungan fisik rumah dengan kejadian TB paru. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Cross Sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah terduga TB. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 98 responden diambil menggunakan simple random sampling. Kriteria inklusi sampel penelitian adalah pasien suspek TB paru, dan berusia 18–65 tahun. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah termo higrometer dan lux meter. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Chi Square. Hasil: Variabel yang berhubungan adalah suhu (p=0,004, dan POR=4.667), kelembapan (p=0,031, dan POR=2.733), dan pencahayaan (p=0,012, dan POR=3.385). Kesimpulan: Faktor-faktor yang meningkatkan angka kejadian TB paru antara lain kondisi fisik rumah yang tidak memenuhi syarat seperti suhu ruangan diatas 30%, ruangan terlalu lembap (dibawah 40%) dan kurangnya pencahayaan diruangan (<60 lux). Lingkungan fisik rumah yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TB paru adalah suhu, kelembapan dan pencahayaan.","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80212832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-10DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.09.23287042
R. Osei-Yeboah, P. Spreeuwenberg, M. Del Riccio, T. Fischer, Amanda Marie Egeskov-Cavling, H. Bøås, M. van Boven, Xin Wang, Toni O Lehtonen, M. Bangert, H. Campbell, J. Paget
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in older adults that can result in hospitalisations and death. Estimating RSV-associated hospitalisation is critical for planning RSV-related healthcare needs for the ageing population across Europe. Methods: We gathered national RSV-associated hospitalisation estimates from the REspiratory Syncytial virus Consortium in EUrope (RESCEU) for adults in Denmark, England, Finland, Norway, Netherlands, and Scotland from 2006 to 2017. We extrapolated these estimates to 28 EU countries using nearest-neighbour matching, multiple imputations, and two sets of 10 indicators. Results: On average, 158 229 (95%CI: 140 865, 175 592) RSV-associated hospitalisations occur annually among adults in the EU (above 18 years); 92% of these hospitalisations occur in adults over 65 years. Among 75-84 years old, the annual average is estimated at 74 519 (95%CI: 69 923, 79 115) at a rate of 2.24 (95%CI: 2.10, 2.38) per 1000 adults. Among adults aged 85 years and above, the annual average is estimated at 37 904 (95%CI: 32 444, 43 363) at a rate of 2.99 (95%CI: 2.56, 3.42). Conclusion: Our estimates of RSV-associated hospitalisations in older adults are the first analysis integrating available data to provide estimates of the disease burden in this population across the EU. Importantly, for a condition which was considered in the past to be primarily a disease of young children, the average annual hospitalisation estimate in adults was lower but of a similar magnitude to the estimate in young children aged 0-4 years: 158 229 (95%CI: 140 865, 175 592) versus 245 244 (95%CI: 224 688, 265 799).
{"title":"Estimation of the number of RSV-associated hospitalisations in adults in the European Union","authors":"R. Osei-Yeboah, P. Spreeuwenberg, M. Del Riccio, T. Fischer, Amanda Marie Egeskov-Cavling, H. Bøås, M. van Boven, Xin Wang, Toni O Lehtonen, M. Bangert, H. Campbell, J. Paget","doi":"10.1101/2023.03.09.23287042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.03.09.23287042","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in older adults that can result in hospitalisations and death. Estimating RSV-associated hospitalisation is critical for planning RSV-related healthcare needs for the ageing population across Europe. Methods: We gathered national RSV-associated hospitalisation estimates from the REspiratory Syncytial virus Consortium in EUrope (RESCEU) for adults in Denmark, England, Finland, Norway, Netherlands, and Scotland from 2006 to 2017. We extrapolated these estimates to 28 EU countries using nearest-neighbour matching, multiple imputations, and two sets of 10 indicators. Results: On average, 158 229 (95%CI: 140 865, 175 592) RSV-associated hospitalisations occur annually among adults in the EU (above 18 years); 92% of these hospitalisations occur in adults over 65 years. Among 75-84 years old, the annual average is estimated at 74 519 (95%CI: 69 923, 79 115) at a rate of 2.24 (95%CI: 2.10, 2.38) per 1000 adults. Among adults aged 85 years and above, the annual average is estimated at 37 904 (95%CI: 32 444, 43 363) at a rate of 2.99 (95%CI: 2.56, 3.42). Conclusion: Our estimates of RSV-associated hospitalisations in older adults are the first analysis integrating available data to provide estimates of the disease burden in this population across the EU. Importantly, for a condition which was considered in the past to be primarily a disease of young children, the average annual hospitalisation estimate in adults was lower but of a similar magnitude to the estimate in young children aged 0-4 years: 158 229 (95%CI: 140 865, 175 592) versus 245 244 (95%CI: 224 688, 265 799).","PeriodicalId":22572,"journal":{"name":"The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74288820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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