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Proceedings 1998 International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (Cat. No.98TB100250)最新文献

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Traffic management for wireless ATM networks 无线ATM网络的流量管理
Wen-Tsuen Chen, Wen Lin, Shi Chen
To support multimedia traffic consisting of diverse traffic classes for mobile devices, a traffic management scheme should be developed to provide a seamless wireless ATM based communication system. We propose a novel traffic management scheme based on the Packet Reservation Multiple Access (PRMA) protocol to support QoS guarantee for downlink traffic. The proposed traffic management scheme involves cell scheduling, buffer management, traffic shaping, traffic control, and flow control. The simulation results reveal that the proposed scheme can guarantee QoS (cell delay and cell loss ratio) for both real time (CBR, VBR) and non real time (ABR) traffic in the wireless ATM networks, reduce the buffer size in the Base Station (BS), and enhance the utilization of wireless bandwidth.
为支援由不同流量类别组成的流动设备多媒体流量,应建立流量管理方案,以提供无缝的无线ATM通讯系统。提出了一种基于分组保留多址(PRMA)协议的流量管理方案,以支持下行流量的QoS保证。提出的交通管理方案包括单元调度、缓冲区管理、交通整形、交通控制和流量控制。仿真结果表明,该方案能够保证无线ATM网络中实时(CBR、VBR)和非实时(ABR)业务的QoS(小区时延和小区损失率),减小基站(BS)中的缓冲区大小,提高无线带宽利用率。
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引用次数: 4
An intelligent policing-routing mechanism based on fuzzy logic and genetic algorithms 基于模糊逻辑和遗传算法的智能策略路由机制
L. Barolli, A. Koyama, Shiho Motegi, Shoichi Yokoyama
The Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) has been standardized and widely accepted as a technique to support future B-ISDN networks. In ATM networks, traffic control design becomes an important challenge, because of the diverse services support and the need for efficient network resource engineering. Two important functions for traffic control in ATM networks are policing and routing. The goal of these two functions is to guarantee the required quality of service. So far, all studies have treated policing and routing in a separate way. The combination of policing and routing can guarantee a better quality of service and increase the network utilization. Traditional network control strategies are not well suited for high speed networks. Use of intelligent algorithms based on fuzzy logic, neural networks and genetic algorithms can prove to be efficient for traffic control in ATM networks. We propose an intelligent policing-routing mechanism based on fuzzy logic and genetic algorithms. Performance evaluation via simulations shows that the proposed mechanism performs better than conventional policing mechanisms and routing algorithms.
异步传输模式(ATM)作为一种支持未来B-ISDN网络的技术已经被标准化并被广泛接受。在ATM网络中,由于业务支持的多样性和对高效网络资源工程的需求,流量控制设计成为一个重要的挑战。ATM网络中流量控制的两个重要功能是监管和路由。这两个功能的目标是保证所需的服务质量。到目前为止,所有的研究都以不同的方式对待警察和路线。警务和路由的结合可以保证更好的服务质量,提高网络利用率。传统的网络控制策略不适合高速网络。利用基于模糊逻辑、神经网络和遗传算法的智能算法可以有效地控制ATM网络中的流量。提出了一种基于模糊逻辑和遗传算法的智能策略路由机制。仿真结果表明,该机制的性能优于传统的监管机制和路由算法。
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引用次数: 14
A distributed multicast routing algorithm for delay-sensitive applications 一种适用于延迟敏感应用的分布式组播路由算法
Yongjun Im, Yanghee Choi
We present a distributed multicast algorithm for constructing minimum cost multicast trees with delay constraints. The proposed algorithm, which provides multicasting and guaranteed end-to-end delay bound at the network layer, is also designed to find a reduced cost routing tree. The proposed algorithm requires limited network state information and the routing tree is computed through a single round of message exchanges between network nodes. We prove the algorithm's correctness by showing that it is always capable of constructing a delay constrained multicast tree, if one exists. The algorithm is verified by simulation, and it is shown that it exhibits superior performance compared to existing ones for the tree cost measure.
提出了一种基于时延约束的最小代价组播树的分布式组播算法。该算法在网络层提供组播和保证端到端时延边界的同时,还设计了一种成本较低的路由树。该算法只需要有限的网络状态信息,并且通过网络节点之间的单轮消息交换来计算路由树。我们通过证明该算法总是能够构造延迟约束的组播树(如果存在)来证明算法的正确性。通过仿真验证了该算法的有效性,结果表明,该算法在树成本度量方面具有较好的性能。
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引用次数: 4
A parallel parsing VLSI architecture for arbitrary context free grammars 任意上下文无关语法的并行解析VLSI架构
A. Koulouris, N. Koziris, T. Andronikos, G. Papakonstantinou, P. Tsanakas
We propose a fixed size one dimensional VLSI architecture for the parallel parsing of arbitrary context free (CF) grammars, based on Earley's algorithm. The algorithm is transformed into an equivalent double nested loop with loop carried dependencies. We first map the algorithm into a 1D array with unbounded number of cells. The time complexity of this architecture is O(n), which is optimal. We next propose the partitioning into a fixed number of off the shelf processing elements. Two alternative partitioning strategies are presented considering restrictions, not only in the number of the cells, but also in the inner structure of each cell. In the most restricted case, the proposed architecture has time complexity O(n/sup 3//p*k), where p is the number of available cells and the elements inside each cell are at most k.
我们提出了一种固定尺寸的一维VLSI架构,用于任意上下文无关(CF)语法的并行解析,该架构基于Earley算法。该算法被转换为具有循环携带依赖关系的等效双嵌套循环。我们首先将算法映射到具有无限数量单元格的一维数组中。该体系结构的时间复杂度为O(n),是最优的。接下来,我们建议将其划分为固定数量的现成处理元素。考虑到细胞数量和细胞内部结构的限制,提出了两种可选的分区策略。在最受限制的情况下,所提出的架构具有时间复杂度O(n/sup 3//p*k),其中p是可用单元的数量,每个单元内的元素最多为k。
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引用次数: 4
Distributed object relocation protocol for wide area networks 面向广域网的分布式对象重定位协议
Takashi Watanabe, A. Mori
When distributed object technology is used in a wide area network, an object may not be accessed efficiently, due to a large communication delay. For this problem, we have proposed a Replicated Object Relocation Protocol (RORP), where the replicated object is relocated to an intermediate site, considering the communication delay, the processing ability of the servers, the reference frequency of the objects, the time of object transmission, the domain and the limited number of replications. This paper overviews the protocol and discusses its performance through the implementation of a RORP prototype. We evaluate the client-oriented replication scheme by the amount of processing distributed to the clients, the intermediate sites and the servers. Then, the paper shows how RORP enables a reduction in the response time and the total network traffic, including control messages and object retrieval messages.
在广域网中使用分布式对象技术时,由于通信时延大,可能无法有效访问对象。针对这一问题,我们提出了一种复制对象重新定位协议(RORP),考虑到通信延迟、服务器的处理能力、对象的参考频率、对象传输时间、域和复制数量的限制,将复制对象重新定位到一个中间站点。本文概述了该协议,并通过rrp原型的实现讨论了其性能。我们通过分配给客户端、中间站点和服务器的处理量来评估面向客户端的复制方案。然后,本文展示了rrp如何能够减少响应时间和总网络流量,包括控制消息和对象检索消息。
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引用次数: 2
Design and implementation of a copy update mechanism on a mobile information announcement system 移动信息公告系统副本更新机制的设计与实现
S. Tagashira, Fumitake Inada, K. Saisho, Akira Fukuda
The bandwidth problem between a mobile computer and an access point is pointed out, and a copy update mechanism, which can make the best use of the limited bandwidth, is proposed. If the bandwidth of a network is not sufficient, a mobile computer cannot announce all resources, and cannot update some copies on fixed computers. To satisfy client's requests with given bandwidth as much as possible, the proposed mechanism limits traffic of storage type resources in order to announce non-storage type resources prior to storage type resources. Traffic is controlled by limiting the number of concurrent update operations for announcing storage type resources. We implement the prototype and evaluate it. The results show that it can stably announce non-storage type resources.
指出了移动计算机与接入点之间的带宽问题,提出了一种能充分利用有限带宽的副本更新机制。如果网络带宽不足,移动计算机无法宣布所有资源,并且无法更新固定计算机上的某些副本。为了在给定带宽下尽可能满足客户端请求,该机制限制了存储类型资源的流量,使非存储类型资源优先于存储类型资源。通过限制宣布存储类型资源的并发更新操作的数量来控制流量。我们实现原型并对其进行评估。结果表明,该方法可以稳定地宣布非存储类型的资源。
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引用次数: 0
The XBW model for dependable real-time systems 可靠实时系统的XBW模型
Vilgot Claesson, S. Poledna, J. Söderberg
This paper presents a new conceptual model, the XBW-model. Distributed computing is becoming a cost effective way to implement safety critical control systems. To support the development of such systems the XBW conceptual model was developed. The model describes the time behavior and distribution properties of a system in such a way that static scheduling and systematic fault tolerance can be applied. The conceptual model also enables the definition of an appropriate fault model. This fault model along with the XBW-model allow efficient and systematic use of well known software based error detection methods. A distributed steer-by-wire control system is described, which is developed according to the model. The XBW-model is developed within in the European Brite-EuRam III project X-By-Wire.
本文提出了一种新的概念模型——xbw模型。分布式计算正在成为实现安全关键控制系统的一种经济有效的方式。为了支持此类系统的开发,开发了XBW概念模型。该模型描述了系统的时间行为和分布特性,从而可以应用静态调度和系统容错。概念模型还支持定义适当的故障模型。这种故障模型以及xbw模型允许有效和系统地使用众所周知的基于软件的错误检测方法。根据该模型开发了分布式线控转向控制系统。xbw模型是在欧洲Brite-EuRam III项目X-By-Wire中开发的。
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引用次数: 32
User-controllable parallel I/O for scientific applications 用于科学应用的用户可控并行I/O
Jang-sun Lee, Young-Kee Song
We propose user controllable I/O operations for scientific applications in parallel computing environments and explore the effects of them with some synthetic access patterns. The operations allow users to present numerous access patterns collectively with a minimum number of I/O requests. This enables systems to aggregate bandwidth of parallel disks, optimize disk head movements, and then increase I/O performance.
我们提出了在并行计算环境下科学应用的用户可控I/O操作,并通过一些综合访问模式探讨了它们的影响。这些操作允许用户以最少数量的I/O请求共同呈现多个访问模式。这使系统能够聚合并行磁盘的带宽,优化磁盘磁头运动,然后提高I/O性能。
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引用次数: 0
A generalized basic cycle calculation method for efficient array redistribution 一种有效阵列重分配的广义基本周期计算方法
Ching-Hsien Hsu, Sheng-Wen Bai, Yeh-Ching Chung, Chu-Sing Yang
In many scientific applications, dynamic array redistribution is usually required to enhance the performance of an algorithm. We present a generalized basic cycle calculation (GBCC) method to efficiently perform a BLOCK-CYCLIC(s) over P processors to BLOCK-CYCLIC(t) over Q processors array redistribution. In the GBCC method, a processor first computes the source/destination processor/data sets of array elements in the first generalized basic cycle of the local array it owns. A generalized basic cycle is defined as lcm(sP,tQ)/(gcd(s,t)/spl times/P) in the source distribution and lcm(sP,tQ)/(gcd(s,t)/spl times/Q) in the destination distribution. From the source/destination processor/data sets of array elements in the first generalized basic cycle, we can construct packing/unpacking pattern tables. Based on the packing/unpacking pattern tables, a processor can pack/unpack array elements efficiently. To evaluate the performance of the GBCC method, we have implemented this method on an IBM SP2 parallel machine, along with the PITFALLS method and the ScaLAPACK method. The cost models for these three methods are also presented. The experimental results show that the GBCC method outperforms the PITFALLS method and the ScaLAPACK method for all test samples. A brief description of the extension of the GBCC method to multi dimensional array redistributions is also presented.
在许多科学应用中,通常需要动态数组重新分配来提高算法的性能。我们提出了一种广义基本周期计算(GBCC)方法,以有效地执行P个处理器上的BLOCK-CYCLIC(s)到Q个处理器上的BLOCK-CYCLIC(t)数组重新分配。在GBCC方法中,处理器首先在其拥有的本地数组的第一个广义基本循环中计算数组元素的源/目标处理器/数据集。广义基本循环在源分布中定义为lcm(sP,tQ)/(gcd(s,t)/ sp1次/P),在目标分布中定义为lcm(sP,tQ)/(gcd(s,t)/ sp1次/Q)。从第一个广义基本循环中数组元素的源/目标处理器/数据集出发,我们可以构造打包/拆包模式表。基于装箱/拆包模式表,处理器可以有效地对数组元素进行装箱/拆包。为了评估GBCC方法的性能,我们在IBM SP2并行机上实现了该方法,以及陷阱方法和ScaLAPACK方法。并给出了这三种方法的成本模型。实验结果表明,对于所有测试样本,GBCC方法都优于陷阱方法和ScaLAPACK方法。简要介绍了GBCC方法在多维阵列重分布中的推广。
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引用次数: 33
Data duplication and consistency in a mobile, multidatabase environment 移动、多数据库环境中的数据复制和一致性
James B. Lim, A. Hurson
As technological advances are made in software and hardware, the feasibility of accessing information "anytime, anywhere" is becoming a reality. There are similarities involved in accessing information in a multidatabase environment and a mobile computing environment. We have discussed the characteristics of a wireless-mobile computing environment superimposed on a multidatabase system to realize a system capable of effectively accessing a large amount of data over a wireless medium. In order to limit the effects of the restrictions imposed by a mobile environment, data duplication is used at the mobile unit. The duplicated data at the mobile node provide additional availability in case of a weak connection or disconnection. In such an environment, it is important to retain the consistency between the data residing on fixed nodes and mobile nodes. Current research has concentrated on page- and file-based caching or replication schemes to address the availability and consistency issues in a mobile environment. In a mobile multidatabase environment, local autonomy restrictions prevent the use of a page- or file-based data duplication scheme. We propose a new data duplication scheme to address the limited bandwidth and local autonomy restrictions in such an environment. Queries and their associated data are cached at the mobile unit as a complete object. Consistency is maintained by using a parity-based invalidation scheme. Additionally, a simple prefetching scheme is used in conjunction with caching to further improve effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
随着软件和硬件技术的进步,“随时随地”获取信息的可行性正在成为现实。在多数据库环境和移动计算环境中访问信息有相似之处。我们讨论了叠加在多数据库系统上的无线移动计算环境的特征,以实现能够通过无线介质有效访问大量数据的系统。为了限制移动环境所施加的限制的影响,在移动设备上使用数据复制。移动节点上的重复数据在连接薄弱或断开时提供了额外的可用性。在这样的环境中,保持固定节点和移动节点上的数据的一致性非常重要。目前的研究主要集中在基于页面和文件的缓存或复制方案上,以解决移动环境中的可用性和一致性问题。在移动多数据库环境中,本地自治限制阻止使用基于页面或文件的数据复制方案。我们提出了一种新的数据复制方案,以解决这种环境下有限的带宽和局部自治限制。查询及其相关数据作为一个完整的对象缓存在移动设备上。一致性通过使用基于奇偶校验的失效方案来维护。此外,一个简单的预取方案与缓存结合使用,以进一步提高所提出方案的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Proceedings 1998 International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (Cat. No.98TB100250)
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