Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.691-696
Muhammad Saad Hashmi, S. Akhtar, T. Ismail
The present study aimed at evaluating nutritional potential and antioxidant activity of the extracts derived from vegetable wastes such as carrot pomace, onion upper bulbs, and peels from garlic, tomato & potato. Proximate composition, minerals profiling and antioxidants activity as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) were estimated, and phenolics characterization was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Our results suggest that vegetable wastes such as peel and pomace, may be exploited as carriers of proteins, fiber, calcium, potassium, iron and zinc. Phenolics screening demonstrated presence of total hydroxybenzoic, hydroxylcinammic acids and catechin albeit anthocyanins and total flavonols were inadequately present in tomato pomace. Maximum total phenolics contents and DPPH activity were observed in HCl/MeOH extracts of tomato and garlic peels, respectively. Product development data suggest incorporating onion peel’s extracts in wheat flour to not elicit a significant change in bread composition. Likewise, supplementation of onion peel powder (OPP) and extracts @ 6% and 1.5%, respectively improved color and textural properties of supplemented bread. Contextualizing the challenges of food insecurity and food industry waste management, our results confirmed that vegetable wastes, with improved nutritional profile and increased antioxidant potential, may be used for the preparation of value-added food products.
{"title":"BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF VEGETABLES WASTES AND DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL BREAD","authors":"Muhammad Saad Hashmi, S. Akhtar, T. Ismail","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.691-696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.691-696","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed at evaluating nutritional potential and antioxidant activity of the extracts derived from vegetable wastes such as carrot pomace, onion upper bulbs, and peels from garlic, tomato & potato. Proximate composition, minerals profiling and antioxidants activity as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) were estimated, and phenolics characterization was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Our results suggest that vegetable wastes such as peel and pomace, may be exploited as carriers of proteins, fiber, calcium, potassium, iron and zinc. Phenolics screening demonstrated presence of total hydroxybenzoic, hydroxylcinammic acids and catechin albeit anthocyanins and total flavonols were inadequately present in tomato pomace. Maximum total phenolics contents and DPPH activity were observed in HCl/MeOH extracts of tomato and garlic peels, respectively. Product development data suggest incorporating onion peel’s extracts in wheat flour to not elicit a significant change in bread composition. Likewise, supplementation of onion peel powder (OPP) and extracts @ 6% and 1.5%, respectively improved color and textural properties of supplemented bread. Contextualizing the challenges of food insecurity and food industry waste management, our results confirmed that vegetable wastes, with improved nutritional profile and increased antioxidant potential, may be used for the preparation of value-added food products.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"691-696"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89917266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, the green synthesis of nanoparticles has gained considerable attention due to its benefits such as cost efficiency, simplicity, eco-friendly nature, biocompatibility and broad applications over conventional chemical and physical techniques. In this context twenty actinobacteria were isolated from the rhizospheric soil of wild carrot and screened for their pigment producing ability. These isolates belong to the genus Streptomyces (58%), followed by Streptosporangium sp. (19%), Nocardia sp. (11%), Actinomadura sp. (8%), and Micromonospora sp. (4%). The most promising isolate (NS-05) producing the pink pigment has been taken for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The isolate NS-05 was identified as Streptomyces sp. based on cultural characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. It was most closely related with type strain Streptomyces fulvissimus DSM 40593T, S. microflavus NBRC13062T, S. setonii NRRL ISP-5322T, S. anulatus RRL B-2000T with a sequence similarity of 95.6% which shows that it may belong to novel species of Streptomyces. The bio-pigment assisted synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis, FTIR and Scanning electron microscopy studies. The average size of synthesized silver nanoparticles was 42.5nm and has λ max at 433 nm. The synthesized nanoparticles showed promising activity against major pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 2940, Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 Salmonella typhi, Proteus vulgaris MTCC 6380, Escherichia coli MTCC 739. The findings of present research are promising, and this pigment can also be used for the green synthesis of other nanoparticles.
{"title":"ACTINOBACTERIAL PIGMENT ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLES AND ITS BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY","authors":"Naresh Kumar Singh, B. Naik, Vijay Kumar, Vivek Kumar, Sanjay Gupta","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.604-608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.604-608","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the green synthesis of nanoparticles has gained considerable attention due to its benefits such as cost efficiency, simplicity, eco-friendly nature, biocompatibility and broad applications over conventional chemical and physical techniques. In this context twenty actinobacteria were isolated from the rhizospheric soil of wild carrot and screened for their pigment producing ability. These isolates belong to the genus Streptomyces (58%), followed by Streptosporangium sp. (19%), Nocardia sp. (11%), Actinomadura sp. (8%), and Micromonospora sp. (4%). The most promising isolate (NS-05) producing the pink pigment has been taken for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The isolate NS-05 was identified as Streptomyces sp. based on cultural characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. It was most closely related with type strain Streptomyces fulvissimus DSM 40593T, S. microflavus NBRC13062T, S. setonii NRRL ISP-5322T, S. anulatus RRL B-2000T with a sequence similarity of 95.6% which shows that it may belong to novel species of Streptomyces. The bio-pigment assisted synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis, FTIR and Scanning electron microscopy studies. The average size of synthesized silver nanoparticles was 42.5nm and has λ max at 433 nm. The synthesized nanoparticles showed promising activity against major pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 2940, Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 Salmonella typhi, Proteus vulgaris MTCC 6380, Escherichia coli MTCC 739. The findings of present research are promising, and this pigment can also be used for the green synthesis of other nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"604-608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73493125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.566-571
Betti Mae C. Mendoza, Neil Ian V. Magalang, Aurora Blanca M. Lalo, R. M. Ureta
Postharvest loss of bananas due to ripening acceleration is one of the problems of local Filipino farmers. This problem has resulted in profit losses which could bring serious effects in the agricultural sector. Thus, this study aims to derive chitosan, a biopolymer and non-toxic material from the test wastes of the Philippine blue-eyed sea urchins (Diadema savignyi Michelin, 1845) to be used as a surface coating for ‘Saba’ banana (Musa x paradisiaca) to delay the ripening process. The chitosan was obtained by decolorization, pulverization, deproteinization, demineralization, and deacetylation of the sea urchins’ tests. The derived chitosan was validated by its Degree of Acetylation (DA) (35.65%) based on amino and hydroxyl group at peaks 1645.25 cm-1 and 3469.63 cm-1. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs confirmed the amorphous and non-homogeneous structure of chitosan. Results also showed that the chitosan-coated bananas had lower weight loss, greener color, firmer, and lower disease incidence after the seven-day observation as compared with that of the uncoated samples. The study implies that the synthesized chitosan from the test wastes of Philippine blue-eyed sea urchin can be a potential natural coating material in delaying the rapid ripening of ‘Saba’ banana.
香蕉因成熟加速而导致的采后损失是菲律宾当地农民面临的问题之一。这一问题造成了利润损失，可能给农业部门带来严重影响。因此，本研究旨在从菲律宾蓝眼海胆(Diadema savignyi Michelin, 1845)的试验废物中提取生物聚合物和无毒材料壳聚糖，用于“Saba”香蕉(Musa x paradisiaca)的表面涂层，以延缓成熟过程。对海胆样品进行脱色、粉碎、脱蛋白、脱矿、脱乙酰等处理，得到壳聚糖。壳聚糖在1645.25 cm-1和3469.63 cm-1峰上的氨基和羟基的乙酰化度(DA)为35.65%。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)证实了壳聚糖的无定形和非均匀结构。结果还表明，经过7天的观察，壳聚糖包被的香蕉与未包被的香蕉相比，重量减轻，颜色更绿，更结实，发病率更低。该研究表明，从菲律宾蓝眼海胆试验废料中合成的壳聚糖可以作为一种潜在的天然涂层材料，延缓“萨巴”香蕉的快速成熟。
{"title":"RIPENING DELAY OF ‘SABA’ BANANA USING CHITOSAN COATING MATERIAL FROM THE TEST WASTES OF PHILIPPINE BLUE-EYED SEA URCHIN","authors":"Betti Mae C. Mendoza, Neil Ian V. Magalang, Aurora Blanca M. Lalo, R. M. Ureta","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.566-571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.566-571","url":null,"abstract":"Postharvest loss of bananas due to ripening acceleration is one of the problems of local Filipino farmers. This problem has resulted in profit losses which could bring serious effects in the agricultural sector. Thus, this study aims to derive chitosan, a biopolymer and non-toxic material from the test wastes of the Philippine blue-eyed sea urchins (Diadema savignyi Michelin, 1845) to be used as a surface coating for ‘Saba’ banana (Musa x paradisiaca) to delay the ripening process. The chitosan was obtained by decolorization, pulverization, deproteinization, demineralization, and deacetylation of the sea urchins’ tests. The derived chitosan was validated by its Degree of Acetylation (DA) (35.65%) based on amino and hydroxyl group at peaks 1645.25 cm-1 and 3469.63 cm-1. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs confirmed the amorphous and non-homogeneous structure of chitosan. Results also showed that the chitosan-coated bananas had lower weight loss, greener color, firmer, and lower disease incidence after the seven-day observation as compared with that of the uncoated samples. The study implies that the synthesized chitosan from the test wastes of Philippine blue-eyed sea urchin can be a potential natural coating material in delaying the rapid ripening of ‘Saba’ banana.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"566-571"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90802960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.592-597
R. Santos, Wilson R. Jacinto, Khristina G. Judan Cruz
The prevalence of antibacterial resistance has brought about a growing surge to develop novel approaches to control infectious diseases. Targeting Quorum-sensing (QS) - controlled virulence factors in bacteria has indicated a promising strategy for antipathogenic drugs. Extracts of Philippine Ilongot-Egongot ethnobotanicals Stachytarpeta jamaicensis, Adenanthera intermedia, Mikania micrantha, Hyptis suaveolens, Premna odorata, Cymbopogan winterianus, Phyllanthus urinaria, Dillenia philippinensis, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Senna alata, Urena lobata, Ceiba pentandra, Ficus sp., Eleusine indica, Diplazium esculentum and Talahib (no known scientific name) were screened using microtiter plate biofilm formation assay for their QS inhibition activity against biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PNCM 1335. Extracts of M. micrantha, H. suaveolens flowers, H. vulgaris, A. intermedia, E. indica leaves, D. esculentum and Talahib have inhibitory effect on P. aeruginosa clinical isolate biofilm formation. Decrease in biofilm formation was shown in extracts of S. jamaicensis., M. micrantha, H. suaveolens, H. vulgaris, U. lobata, C. pentandra, A. intermedia, E. indica, D. esculentum and Talahib. against P. aeruginosa PNCM 1335. RNA extracts of M. micrantha, Talahib and A. intermedia exhibited downregulation of lasR in both test bacteria using qRT-PCR analysis through absolute quantification. The prospects of these ethnobotanicals to inhibit bacterial virulence avoiding antibiotic resistance is presented in this paper.
{"title":"PHILIPPINE ETHNOBOTANICALS DOWNREGULATE lasR EXPRESSION LINKED TO QUORUM SENSING-MEDIATED BIOFILM FORMATION IN Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"R. Santos, Wilson R. Jacinto, Khristina G. Judan Cruz","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.592-597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.592-597","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of antibacterial resistance has brought about a growing surge to develop novel approaches to control infectious diseases. Targeting Quorum-sensing (QS) - controlled virulence factors in bacteria has indicated a promising strategy for antipathogenic drugs. Extracts of Philippine Ilongot-Egongot ethnobotanicals Stachytarpeta jamaicensis, Adenanthera intermedia, Mikania micrantha, Hyptis suaveolens, Premna odorata, Cymbopogan winterianus, Phyllanthus urinaria, Dillenia philippinensis, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Senna alata, Urena lobata, Ceiba pentandra, Ficus sp., Eleusine indica, Diplazium esculentum and Talahib (no known scientific name) were screened using microtiter plate biofilm formation assay for their QS inhibition activity against biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PNCM 1335.\u0000Extracts of M. micrantha, H. suaveolens flowers, H. vulgaris, A. intermedia, E. indica leaves, D. esculentum and Talahib have inhibitory effect on P. aeruginosa clinical isolate biofilm formation. Decrease in biofilm formation was shown in extracts of S. jamaicensis., M. micrantha, H. suaveolens, H. vulgaris, U. lobata, C. pentandra, A. intermedia, E. indica, D. esculentum and Talahib. against P. aeruginosa PNCM 1335. RNA extracts of M. micrantha, Talahib and A. intermedia exhibited downregulation of lasR in both test bacteria using qRT-PCR analysis through absolute quantification. The prospects of these ethnobotanicals to inhibit bacterial virulence avoiding antibiotic resistance is presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"592-597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85550257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.541-545
A. A. Khalil, QuratulAin Shahid, A. Aslam, Ahood Khalid, Miroslava Hlebová, M. Rebezov, Georgy Peshсherov, E. Okuskhanova, M. Shariati
The study was conducted to investigate the hypolipidemic properties of Microwave assisted extracts (MAE) obtained from different parts (whole fruit, leaves, seeds and roots) of Citrullus colocynthis on hyperlipidemic experimental rats. The trial consisted of 30 male rats that were divided into six groups each having 5 rats whereas, out of these 25 were hyperlipidemic and 5 were normal rats. After the induction of high cholesterol for 15 days, 20 rats were fed with microwave assisted extract of different parts at a concentration of 200mg/kg/B. W for 28 days. The administration of the extracts reported considerable reduction in the lipid profile parameters of the hypercholesterolemic rats. The MAE of seed of Citrullus colocynthis displayed the optimum results showing reduced levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-c by (10.33%), (22.50%) and (15.70%) while an elevation of (16.75%) in HDL-c content compared to the hypercholesterolemic control. Likewise, the percent increase in the concentrations of CAT and SOD by (6.92%) and (18.47%). The study concluded that the MAE of Citrullus colocynthis showed a positive effect on hypercholesterolemia thus providing therapeutic benefits.
{"title":"UTILIZATION OF MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTS OBTAINED FROM VARIOUS PARTS (WHOLE FRUIT, SEEDS, LEAVES AND ROOTS) OF CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS AS HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC AGENT IN ALBINO RATS","authors":"A. A. Khalil, QuratulAin Shahid, A. Aslam, Ahood Khalid, Miroslava Hlebová, M. Rebezov, Georgy Peshсherov, E. Okuskhanova, M. Shariati","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.541-545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.541-545","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to investigate the hypolipidemic properties of Microwave assisted extracts (MAE) obtained from different parts (whole fruit, leaves, seeds and roots) of Citrullus colocynthis on hyperlipidemic experimental rats. The trial consisted of 30 male rats that were divided into six groups each having 5 rats whereas, out of these 25 were hyperlipidemic and 5 were normal rats. After the induction of high cholesterol for 15 days, 20 rats were fed with microwave assisted extract of different parts at a concentration of 200mg/kg/B. W for 28 days. The administration of the extracts reported considerable reduction in the lipid profile parameters of the hypercholesterolemic rats. The MAE of seed of Citrullus colocynthis displayed the optimum results showing reduced levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-c by (10.33%), (22.50%) and (15.70%) while an elevation of (16.75%) in HDL-c content compared to the hypercholesterolemic control. Likewise, the percent increase in the concentrations of CAT and SOD by (6.92%) and (18.47%). The study concluded that the MAE of Citrullus colocynthis showed a positive effect on hypercholesterolemia thus providing therapeutic benefits.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"541-545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78416878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.685-690
K. Gururajan, D. Hegde, Sharadhi Udupa, Shobith Shetty, P. Ujwal
Centella asiatica, a medicinal herb consumed as a food supplement and used in traditional and folklore medicine is being overexploited for its therapeutic properties. Lack of adequate cultivation and replacement practices could engender the depletion of the wild variety. Application of plant tissue culture has helped in the regeneration and preservation of several plants in-vitro. The present study reports media standardization for micropropagation and callus induction for the conservation of Centella asiatica using field-grown plants. In media standardization for callus induction, appreciable results were obtained where full strength MS (Murashige and Skoog) media was supplemented with 2 mg.L-1 IAA (Indole acetic acid) and a combination of 0.5 mg.L-1 Kn (Kinetin) with 1 mg.L-1 IAA while MS media supplemented with a combination of 0.5 mg.L-1 Kn and 1.5 mg.L-1 IAA was used for callus proliferation. Combination of BAP (6- Benzyl amino purine) and IAA from preliminary experimentation on micropropagation showed high shooting frequency and were further optimized with parameters such as sucrose and incubation period using Response surface methodology (RSM) to study their individual and interactive effects. A maximum shoot height of 3.8 cm was obtained from the optimized values after 13 days with both BAP and IAA at 0.5 mg.L-1 and sucrose at 6% with the R2 value at 0.73.
{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF SHOOT INITIATION USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY AND CALLUS MEDIA STANDARDIZATION FOR MICROPROPAGATION OF CENTELLA ASIATICA","authors":"K. Gururajan, D. Hegde, Sharadhi Udupa, Shobith Shetty, P. Ujwal","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.685-690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.685-690","url":null,"abstract":"Centella asiatica, a medicinal herb consumed as a food supplement and used in traditional and folklore medicine is being overexploited for its therapeutic properties. Lack of adequate cultivation and replacement practices could engender the depletion of the wild variety. Application of plant tissue culture has helped in the regeneration and preservation of several plants in-vitro. The present study reports media standardization for micropropagation and callus induction for the conservation of Centella asiatica using field-grown plants. In media standardization for callus induction, appreciable results were obtained where full strength MS (Murashige and Skoog) media was supplemented with 2 mg.L-1 IAA (Indole acetic acid) and a combination of 0.5 mg.L-1 Kn (Kinetin) with 1 mg.L-1 IAA while MS media supplemented with a combination of 0.5 mg.L-1 Kn and 1.5 mg.L-1 IAA was used for callus proliferation. Combination of BAP (6- Benzyl amino purine) and IAA from preliminary experimentation on micropropagation showed high shooting frequency and were further optimized with parameters such as sucrose and incubation period using Response surface methodology (RSM) to study their individual and interactive effects. A maximum shoot height of 3.8 cm was obtained from the optimized values after 13 days with both BAP and IAA at 0.5 mg.L-1 and sucrose at 6% with the R2 value at 0.73.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"685-690"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78364078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.553-556
Ponnarmadha Subramani, C. Saminathan, D. Gowda, Niyas Sathik basha, Vaidheki Chandrasekar, Santhosh kumar Thangavel, R. Rajarathinam
Dengue is a mosquito borne viral disease and the main root cause vector is Aedes aegypti. Hence in this work a rapid measure was taken to eradicate the vector using nanoemulsion. Plant essential oil based nanoemulsions was formulated by ultrasonic emulsification method. In the current study, nanoemulsion (O/W) was developed using oil extracted from the leaves of a Tulsi, Neem and Nochi. The emulsions were prepared in different ratios of oil and surfactant (Tween 80) and evaluated for their mechanical and thermal stability. After the confirmation of stable nanoemulsion formation, it was evaluated for its antibiofilm activity. Results revealed that the formulated mixed oil nanoemulsion exhibited enhanced antibiofilm activity against isolated microorganisms from contaminated wall samples. Further the biofilm forming capability of bacterial culture was indirectly assessed by staining with 1% crystal violet and measured absorbance using ethanol as a destaining solution. The mean biofilm production of S3 bacterial isolates significantly greater than that observed for S1 & S2. In addition, antibiofilm activity of the emulsion NE3 was higher against bacterial culture S3. Different concentration of mixed oil nanoemulsiom (NE3) treated group was subjected to evaluate the larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti between 1 to 12 hours respectively. It was observed that an increase in the nanoemulsion concentration (NE3) to 25 ppm and 50 ppm resulted in complete loss of larval viability in 5 hr and 6 hr respectively. There is no significant difference in larval viability after 6 hr and 12 hr in all the treatment groups. Hence the above findings suggest the applicative potential of mixed nanoemulsion formulation for various applications including mosquito larval control and antibiofilm activity.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF NANOEMULSION AND ITS CHARACTERIZATION FOR ANTI BIOFILM AND LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY","authors":"Ponnarmadha Subramani, C. Saminathan, D. Gowda, Niyas Sathik basha, Vaidheki Chandrasekar, Santhosh kumar Thangavel, R. Rajarathinam","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.553-556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.553-556","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue is a mosquito borne viral disease and the main root cause vector is Aedes aegypti. Hence in this work a rapid measure was taken to eradicate the vector using nanoemulsion. Plant essential oil based nanoemulsions was formulated by ultrasonic emulsification method. In the current study, nanoemulsion (O/W) was developed using oil extracted from the leaves of a Tulsi, Neem and Nochi. The emulsions were prepared in different ratios of oil and surfactant (Tween 80) and evaluated for their mechanical and thermal stability. After the confirmation of stable nanoemulsion formation, it was evaluated for its antibiofilm activity. Results revealed that the formulated mixed oil nanoemulsion exhibited enhanced antibiofilm activity against isolated microorganisms from contaminated wall samples. Further the biofilm forming capability of bacterial culture was indirectly assessed by staining with 1% crystal violet and measured absorbance using ethanol as a destaining solution. The mean biofilm production of S3 bacterial isolates significantly greater than that observed for S1 & S2. In addition, antibiofilm activity of the emulsion NE3 was higher against bacterial culture S3. Different concentration of mixed oil nanoemulsiom (NE3) treated group was subjected to evaluate the larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti between 1 to 12 hours respectively. It was observed that an increase in the nanoemulsion concentration (NE3) to 25 ppm and 50 ppm resulted in complete loss of larval viability in 5 hr and 6 hr respectively. There is no significant difference in larval viability after 6 hr and 12 hr in all the treatment groups. Hence the above findings suggest the applicative potential of mixed nanoemulsion formulation for various applications including mosquito larval control and antibiofilm activity.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":"68 1 1","pages":"553-556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87762853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.680-684
S. Jiapong, K. Ruttarattanamongkol
Direct expanded or ready-to-eat (RTE) snacks fortified with Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) seed meal, a by-product of oil extraction process, were developed using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. The composite blends of various amounts of Sacha inchi seed meal (20-60%), rice flour (40-80%) were prepared for extrusion cooking at 10-15% in-barrel moisture, 10.88-15.14 kg/h of feeder speed and 400 rpm of screw speed. The final products were characterized in terms of physical properties (color, texture, density, expansion ratio, water absorption index (WAI), water soluble index (WSI), proximate compositions, sensory, in-vitro digestibility and antioxidant activities, respectively. The results indicate that level of Sacha inchi seed meal significantly affected the physical characteristics by increasing hardness and density of the snack products. Expansion ratio and WAI of the snack products were decreased by increasing the level of Sacha inchi seed meal. The sensory evaluation result shows that all snack formulations were generally accepted by consumers. The snack fortified with 40% Sacha inchi seed meal was the most acceptable product based on the overall characteristics. It contained highest protein content (24.94±0.07%) with approximately 1.79±0.16% fiber, 2.09±0.00% fat, 3.42±0.02% ash, 5.61±0.14% moisture, and 62.27±0.11% carbohydrate, respectively. Total digestibility of the snack was 41.11% in which 12.36% and 28.75% were digested in stomach and small intestine, respectively. The total phenolic content (TPC) was 205.46±11.66 mg GAE/g dry weight snack and the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) was 135.40±1.10 µmol TE/g dry weight snack. The extruded product developed from Sacha inchi seed meal is protein-rich and suitable for health-conscious consumers.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF DIRECT EXPANDED HIGH PROTEIN SNACK PRODUCTS FORTIFIED WITH SACHA INCHI SEED MEAL","authors":"S. Jiapong, K. Ruttarattanamongkol","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.680-684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.680-684","url":null,"abstract":"Direct expanded or ready-to-eat (RTE) snacks fortified with Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) seed meal, a by-product of oil extraction process, were developed using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. The composite blends of various amounts of Sacha inchi seed meal (20-60%), rice flour (40-80%) were prepared for extrusion cooking at 10-15% in-barrel moisture, 10.88-15.14 kg/h of feeder speed and 400 rpm of screw speed. The final products were characterized in terms of physical properties (color, texture, density, expansion ratio, water absorption index (WAI), water soluble index (WSI), proximate compositions, sensory, in-vitro digestibility and antioxidant activities, respectively. The results indicate that level of Sacha inchi seed meal significantly affected the physical characteristics by increasing hardness and density of the snack products. Expansion ratio and WAI of the snack products were decreased by increasing the level of Sacha inchi seed meal. The sensory evaluation result shows that all snack formulations were generally accepted by consumers. The snack fortified with 40% Sacha inchi seed meal was the most acceptable product based on the overall characteristics. It contained highest protein content (24.94±0.07%) with approximately 1.79±0.16% fiber, 2.09±0.00% fat, 3.42±0.02% ash, 5.61±0.14% moisture, and 62.27±0.11% carbohydrate, respectively. Total digestibility of the snack was 41.11% in which 12.36% and 28.75% were digested in stomach and small intestine, respectively. The total phenolic content (TPC) was 205.46±11.66 mg GAE/g dry weight snack and the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) was 135.40±1.10 µmol TE/g dry weight snack. The extruded product developed from Sacha inchi seed meal is protein-rich and suitable for health-conscious consumers.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"680-684"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84482788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.609-619
A. Ammar, E. El-Naenaeey, M. I. El-Hamid, A. El-Gedawy, Rania M. S. Elmalt
Campylobacter, mainly Campylobacter jejuni is viewed as one of the most well-known reasons of foodborne bacterial diarrheal sickness in people around the globe. The genus Campylobacter contains 39 species (spp.) and 16 sub spp. Campylobacter is microaerophilic, Gram negative, spiral-shaped rod with characteristic cork screw motility. It is colonizing the digestive system of numerous wild and household animals and birds, particularly chickens. Intestinal colonization brings about transporter/carrier healthy animals. Consequently, the utilization of contaminated meat, especially chicken meat is the primary source of campylobacteriosis in humans and chickens are responsible for an expected 80% of human campylobacter infection. Interestingly, in contrast with the most recent published reviews that cover specific aspects of campylobacter/campylobacteriosis, this review targets the taxonomy, biological characteristics, identification and habitat of Campylobacter spp. Moreover, it discusses the pathogenesis, resistance to antimicrobial agents and public health significance of Campylobacter spp. Finally, it focuses on the phytochemicals as intervention strategies used to reduce Campylobacter spp.in poultry production.
{"title":"CAMPYLOBACTER AS A MAJOR FOODBORNE PATHOGEN: A REVIEW OF ITS CHARACTERISTICS, PATHOGENESIS, ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND CONTROL","authors":"A. Ammar, E. El-Naenaeey, M. I. El-Hamid, A. El-Gedawy, Rania M. S. Elmalt","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.609-619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.609-619","url":null,"abstract":"Campylobacter, mainly Campylobacter jejuni is viewed as one of the most well-known reasons of foodborne bacterial diarrheal sickness in people around the globe. The genus Campylobacter contains 39 species (spp.) and 16 sub spp. Campylobacter is microaerophilic, Gram negative, spiral-shaped rod with characteristic cork screw motility. It is colonizing the digestive system of numerous wild and household animals and birds, particularly chickens. Intestinal colonization brings about transporter/carrier healthy animals. Consequently, the utilization of contaminated meat, especially chicken meat is the primary source of campylobacteriosis in humans and chickens are responsible for an expected 80% of human campylobacter infection. Interestingly, in contrast with the most recent published reviews that cover specific aspects of campylobacter/campylobacteriosis, this review targets the taxonomy, biological characteristics, identification and habitat of Campylobacter spp. Moreover, it discusses the pathogenesis, resistance to antimicrobial agents and public health significance of Campylobacter spp. Finally, it focuses on the phytochemicals as intervention strategies used to reduce Campylobacter spp.in poultry production.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"609-619"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86498953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.663-668
O. E. Bankefa, S. J. Oladeji, R. A. Gabriel-Ajobiewe, H. Akinyele, Solomon Samuel
Fermenting blended fruits has been observed to have positive cumulative health benefits. Pawpaw and Pineapple have well-known nutritive and health benefits. This study evaluated the role of fermentation on the nutritional and anti-nutritional compositions of pawpaw-pineapple juice blends using single and mixed starter cultures. Fermentation of pawpaw-pineapple juice blends in varying ratios: 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 tagged Samples A, B, and C respectively was performed for five days after which the nutritional and anti-nutritional compositions were analyzed using standard methods. The findings revealed an increase in the concentration of all the proximate parameters except carbohydrate. The results also showed that sample A was better in nutritive quality than sample B and C by 8.55% and 3.92% respectively. The mono-cultural fermentation of sample A by Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded the highest nutritional value (30.12%) as compared to mixed (25.35%) and single culture fermentation of Lactobacillus delbreukii (23.40%) and Leuconostoc mesenteroides (21.13%). The mineral composition of sample A (37.60%) with respect to organism was also observed to be significantly higher than sample B (28.82%) and C (33.58%). Overall, the single culture of S. cerevisiae gave the highest mineral output in all the blended ratios. The levels of the anti-nutrients were better reduced by a single culture of S. cerevisiae. Furthermore, the mono-cultural fermentation of sample A by S. cerevisiae produced the highest alcoholic content. Mono-cultural fermentation of pawpaw-pineapple juice in ratio 1:1 by S. cerevisiae is most efficient in obtaining the highest nutritional value and alcoholic content in pawpaw-pineapple wine.
{"title":"HARNESSING THE NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF PAWPAW AND PINEAPPLE FRUITS FOR PILOT SCALE PRODUCTION OF WINE","authors":"O. E. Bankefa, S. J. Oladeji, R. A. Gabriel-Ajobiewe, H. Akinyele, Solomon Samuel","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.663-668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.663-668","url":null,"abstract":"Fermenting blended fruits has been observed to have positive cumulative health benefits. Pawpaw and Pineapple have well-known nutritive and health benefits. This study evaluated the role of fermentation on the nutritional and anti-nutritional compositions of pawpaw-pineapple juice blends using single and mixed starter cultures. Fermentation of pawpaw-pineapple juice blends in varying ratios: 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 tagged Samples A, B, and C respectively was performed for five days after which the nutritional and anti-nutritional compositions were analyzed using standard methods. The findings revealed an increase in the concentration of all the proximate parameters except carbohydrate. The results also showed that sample A was better in nutritive quality than sample B and C by 8.55% and 3.92% respectively. The mono-cultural fermentation of sample A by Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded the highest nutritional value (30.12%) as compared to mixed (25.35%) and single culture fermentation of Lactobacillus delbreukii (23.40%) and Leuconostoc mesenteroides (21.13%). The mineral composition of sample A (37.60%) with respect to organism was also observed to be significantly higher than sample B (28.82%) and C (33.58%). Overall, the single culture of S. cerevisiae gave the highest mineral output in all the blended ratios. The levels of the anti-nutrients were better reduced by a single culture of S. cerevisiae. Furthermore, the mono-cultural fermentation of sample A by S. cerevisiae produced the highest alcoholic content. Mono-cultural fermentation of pawpaw-pineapple juice in ratio 1:1 by S. cerevisiae is most efficient in obtaining the highest nutritional value and alcoholic content in pawpaw-pineapple wine.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"663-668"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84168914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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