Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.657-662
Hatice Ebrar Kirtil, Banu Metin, M. Arıcı
Turkish mold-ripened cheese varieties are traditionally produced by spontaneous fungal growth during the ripening process in cellars or caves. In this study, fourty strains of filamentous fungi were isolated from mold-ripened cheeses of different regions. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing identified the most common species as Penicillium roqueforti (52%). The two key genes, roqA/rds and mpaC, involved in the biosynthesis of roquefortine C and mycophenolic acid, respectively, were screened by PCR. The presence of fragments of these genes in all P. roqueforti isolates indicates the potential of the isolates for production of these metabolites. Four selected strains of P. roqueforti produced roquefortine C, but mycophenolic acid was detected in only two strains. Variability in the production of the metabolites might indicate the presence of polymorphisms outside of the region amplified or in other genes or their regulatory regions in the biosynthetic pathway.
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF FILAMENTOUS FUNGI IN TURKISH MOLD-RIPENED CHEESES AND SCREENING OF MYCOTOXIN GENES OF PENICILLIUM ROQUEFORTI ISOLATES","authors":"Hatice Ebrar Kirtil, Banu Metin, M. Arıcı","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.657-662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.657-662","url":null,"abstract":"Turkish mold-ripened cheese varieties are traditionally produced by spontaneous fungal growth during the ripening process in cellars or caves. In this study, fourty strains of filamentous fungi were isolated from mold-ripened cheeses of different regions. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing identified the most common species as Penicillium roqueforti (52%). The two key genes, roqA/rds and mpaC, involved in the biosynthesis of roquefortine C and mycophenolic acid, respectively, were screened by PCR. The presence of fragments of these genes in all P. roqueforti isolates indicates the potential of the isolates for production of these metabolites. Four selected strains of P. roqueforti produced roquefortine C, but mycophenolic acid was detected in only two strains. Variability in the production of the metabolites might indicate the presence of polymorphisms outside of the region amplified or in other genes or their regulatory regions in the biosynthetic pathway.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82221434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.586-591
M. Dżugan, M. Tomczyk, M. Miłek, Patrycja Sowa, Zuzanna Wojtuszek, A. Pasternakiewicz, G. Zaguła
The aim of the work was to determine 5-hydoxymethylfurfural (HMF) content in fruit samples dried by slow convective method. Additionally, the nutritional value, mineral composition and antioxidant activity were investigated as parameters confirming the quality of the product. Seven different kinds of dried fruits certified as ecological products (apricot, gooseberry, cherry, cornel, blackcurrant, plum and apple) were tested. Analysis covered: reducing sugars, protein content, moisture content, energy value, antioxidant activity, total phenolics content, mineral composition and HMF content (chromatographic and spectrophotometric method). Samples were abundant in reducing sugars (25-51% of dry weight), protein (1.0-5.4%), minerals (Ca, K, Fe, Mg) and were heavy metals-free. The strongest antioxidant activity for blackcurrant and the weakest for dried apple were observed. The highest average content of HMF was found in blackcurrant fruits (3102.2 mg/kg), while the lowest in apple (75.6 mg/kg). Results obtained by Winkler’s and HPLC methods were strongly correlated (r = 0.976). It was found that applied slow convective drying method provide to obtain dried fruits rich in health-promoting properties and HMF quantified in examined fruits was found on the safety level for recommended daily consumption.
{"title":"SPECIES-DEPENDENT 5’-HYDROXYMETHYLFURFURAL FORMATION IN SLOWLY DRIED FRUITS","authors":"M. Dżugan, M. Tomczyk, M. Miłek, Patrycja Sowa, Zuzanna Wojtuszek, A. Pasternakiewicz, G. Zaguła","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.586-591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.586-591","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work was to determine 5-hydoxymethylfurfural (HMF) content in fruit samples dried by slow convective method. Additionally, the nutritional value, mineral composition and antioxidant activity were investigated as parameters confirming the quality of the product. Seven different kinds of dried fruits certified as ecological products (apricot, gooseberry, cherry, cornel, blackcurrant, plum and apple) were tested. Analysis covered: reducing sugars, protein content, moisture content, energy value, antioxidant activity, total phenolics content, mineral composition and HMF content (chromatographic and spectrophotometric method). Samples were abundant in reducing sugars (25-51% of dry weight), protein (1.0-5.4%), minerals (Ca, K, Fe, Mg) and were heavy metals-free. The strongest antioxidant activity for blackcurrant and the weakest for dried apple were observed. The highest average content of HMF was found in blackcurrant fruits (3102.2 mg/kg), while the lowest in apple (75.6 mg/kg). Results obtained by Winkler’s and HPLC methods were strongly correlated (r = 0.976). It was found that applied slow convective drying method provide to obtain dried fruits rich in health-promoting properties and HMF quantified in examined fruits was found on the safety level for recommended daily consumption.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75204616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Subclinical mastitis in cows is an expensive disease that is difficult to detect without special tests for diagnosis. The number of somatic cells (SCC) in milk is used as an important indicator of the udder health since SCC are parts of the innate immune system and are involved in protecting the mammary glands from infection. Our study aimed to determine whether it is possible to detect subclinical mastitis in cattle at an early stage using a simple and fast flow cytometry method, and then to suggest the main cell populations on the point sections of flow cytometry and, together with that, to develop a method for predicting mastitis. As a result of the microscopic method, three samples with contagious infection were identified. It was shown that milk from cows with mastitis contained populations of cells accompanying inflammation (suspected macrophages, granulocytes) that can be detected using frontal light scattering (FS) and right signals (SS).
{"title":"MILK ANALYSIS BY FLOW CYTOMETRY TO IDENTIFY SUBCLINICAL UDDER INFECTION","authors":"O. Molozhava, V. Mazurenko, І. Sobko, D. Kolibo","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.3257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.3257","url":null,"abstract":"Subclinical mastitis in cows is an expensive disease that is difficult to detect without special tests for diagnosis. The number of somatic cells (SCC) in milk is used as an important indicator of the udder health since SCC are parts of the innate immune system and are involved in protecting the mammary glands from infection. Our study aimed to determine whether it is possible to detect subclinical mastitis in cattle at an early stage using a simple and fast flow cytometry method, and then to suggest the main cell populations on the point sections of flow cytometry and, together with that, to develop a method for predicting mastitis. As a result of the microscopic method, three samples with contagious infection were identified. It was shown that milk from cows with mastitis contained populations of cells accompanying inflammation (suspected macrophages, granulocytes) that can be detected using frontal light scattering (FS) and right signals (SS).","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89156742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.524-530
G. Yunus, M. Kuddus
Cellulose, a carbohydrate mainly found in plant cell walls, is most abundant biopolymer on the Earth. Biodegradation of cellulose is carried out by a group of enzymes knows as cellulases. These enzymes play important roles in food processing and used in food industry. In the present era, cold-active enzymes are preferred instead of meso- and thermos-philic counterparts due to less energy requirement for their optimal activity and easy inactivation. The present study includes evaluation of cold-active cellulase from Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis for its industrial applications in comparison to mesophilic and thermophilic cellulases, through molecular docking method. The binding energy of cold-active cellulase with the substrate cellulose was -126.60 KCals/mole. However, the energy for thermo- and mesophilic cellulase found to be -93.29 and -75.54 KCals/mole, respectively. The results concluded that cold-active cellulase has more efficacy compared to its counterparts and may be used in food processing industry at commercial level.
{"title":"COLD-ACTIVE MICROBIAL CELLULASE: NOVEL APPROACH TO UNDERSTAND MECHANISM AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN FOOD AND BEVERAGES INDUSTRY","authors":"G. Yunus, M. Kuddus","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.524-530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.524-530","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose, a carbohydrate mainly found in plant cell walls, is most abundant biopolymer on the Earth. Biodegradation of cellulose is carried out by a group of enzymes knows as cellulases. These enzymes play important roles in food processing and used in food industry. In the present era, cold-active enzymes are preferred instead of meso- and thermos-philic counterparts due to less energy requirement for their optimal activity and easy inactivation. The present study includes evaluation of cold-active cellulase from Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis for its industrial applications in comparison to mesophilic and thermophilic cellulases, through molecular docking method. The binding energy of cold-active cellulase with the substrate cellulose was -126.60 KCals/mole. However, the energy for thermo- and mesophilic cellulase found to be -93.29 and -75.54 KCals/mole, respectively. The results concluded that cold-active cellulase has more efficacy compared to its counterparts and may be used in food processing industry at commercial level.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74762730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.546-552
I. Regecová, J. Výrostková, František Zigo, M. Pipová, P. Jevinová, S. Demjanová
One hundred and ninety-three staphylococcal strains were isolated from samples of alaska pollock meat (Theragra chalcogramma), atlantic mackerel meat (Scomber scombrus), atlantic herring meat (Clupea harengus), and femoral muscle samples of the wild pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and bryndza cheese. Phenotypic manifestations typical of individual staphylococcal species were detected in these isolates. Species identification was also performed by matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization-mass-spectrometry on the basis of which 5 species of staphylococci were determined: S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. capitis, S. haemolyticus, S. warneri. Subsequently, the presence of the 16S rDNA gene was confirmed by PCR assay; a specific sequence for S. aureus species; putative transcriptional regulator gene serp0107, a specific sequence of the sodA gene was used to identify S. epidermidis and to identify S. warneri, S. haemolyticus, S. capitis species. When comparing the results of identification by PCR assay and matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization-mass-spectrometry, the identification at the genus level was identical in all cases (100%). However, the discrepancies in results were confirmed at the species level, where congruence for identification of isolates by PCR assay and matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization-mass-spectrometry was only 80%. For these isolates, the score value ranged from 1.953 to 2.564.
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS SPP. ISOLATED FROM FOOD BY TWO METHODS","authors":"I. Regecová, J. Výrostková, František Zigo, M. Pipová, P. Jevinová, S. Demjanová","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.546-552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.546-552","url":null,"abstract":"One hundred and ninety-three staphylococcal strains were isolated from samples of alaska pollock meat (Theragra chalcogramma), atlantic mackerel meat (Scomber scombrus), atlantic herring meat (Clupea harengus), and femoral muscle samples of the wild pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and bryndza cheese. Phenotypic manifestations typical of individual staphylococcal species were detected in these isolates. Species identification was also performed by matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization-mass-spectrometry on the basis of which 5 species of staphylococci were determined: S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. capitis, S. haemolyticus, S. warneri. Subsequently, the presence of the 16S rDNA gene was confirmed by PCR assay; a specific sequence for S. aureus species; putative transcriptional regulator gene serp0107, a specific sequence of the sodA gene was used to identify S. epidermidis and to identify S. warneri, S. haemolyticus, S. capitis species. When comparing the results of identification by PCR assay and matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization-mass-spectrometry, the identification at the genus level was identical in all cases (100%). However, the discrepancies in results were confirmed at the species level, where congruence for identification of isolates by PCR assay and matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization-mass-spectrometry was only 80%. For these isolates, the score value ranged from 1.953 to 2.564.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87754546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.531-535
M. Ezzat, B. A. Razik
The pharmacotherapy treatment of pain is an active and motivated area of investigation for treatment with free side effects. This paper presents the docking ability of twenty-five analogues of 4-Chromanone derivatives inside the crystal structure of μ opioid receptor to estimate the binding affinity of each derivative. Molecular modelling design approach applied to identify the effective substation position with generation of 989 novel 4-Chromanone derivatives. The final result of the most active twenty novel 4-Chromanone derivatives with docking affinity range (-9.89 to -9.34) kcal/mol were selected as promising hit ligand drugs comparing with morphine docking affinity at (-6.02) kcal/mol.
{"title":"MOLECULAR MODELLING DESIGN AND OPIOID BINDING AFFINITY EVALUATION OF NEW 4-CHROMANONE DERIVATIVES","authors":"M. Ezzat, B. A. Razik","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.531-535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.531-535","url":null,"abstract":"The pharmacotherapy treatment of pain is an active and motivated area of investigation for treatment with free side effects. This paper presents the docking ability of twenty-five analogues of 4-Chromanone derivatives inside the crystal structure of μ opioid receptor to estimate the binding affinity of each derivative. Molecular modelling design approach applied to identify the effective substation position with generation of 989 novel 4-Chromanone derivatives. The final result of the most active twenty novel 4-Chromanone derivatives with docking affinity range (-9.89 to -9.34) kcal/mol were selected as promising hit ligand drugs comparing with morphine docking affinity at (-6.02) kcal/mol.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82284417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.648-656
M. M. N. El-Dein, Z. Baka, M. Abou-Dobara, A. El‐Sayed, M. El-Zahed
This study highlights the optimization of extracellular biosynthesis and antimicrobial efficiency of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the crude metabolite of Escherichia coli D8 (MF06257) strain. The bacterial strain had been isolated from a sewage water stream located in Damietta City, Egypt. The optimum conditions for AgNPs production were at temperature 35°C, pH 7 and 1.5mM silver nitrate. The AgNPs biosynthesis was detected in culture filtrate within 1-2 minutes at room temperature (25±2°C) and sunlight. The characterization of AgNPs was studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy (maximum absorbance at 429 nm), X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern (crystal planes were 110, 111, 200, 211, 220, and 311), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (AgNPs were spherical in shape ranging from 6 to 17 nm), Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (the bands of symmetric and asymmetric amines were assigned at 3421.1 and 2962.13 cm-1, the stretching vibration band of aromatic and aliphatic (C-N) exist at 1392.35 and 1122.37 cm-1 bands), Zeta potential analyser (AgNPs had a negative charge value; -33.6 mV) and size distribution by volume (the presence of capping agent enveloping the AgNPs with a mean size of 136.0-294.3 nm). Nitrate reductase (NR) was assayed as an important partner in the optimized production (the rate of NR reached to 2.18 U/ml). The study demonstrated that AgNPs are potent inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus flavus. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs was studied by TEM. TEM micrographs showed an inhibition of S. aureus cell multiplication. In case of F. oxysporum, a reduction in the size of treated cells, formation of a mucilage matrix connecting the hyphal cells together, the appearance of a big vacuole, lipid droplets an a severe leakage of cytoplasmic contents were detected. AgNPs exhibited MIC values of 6.25μg/ml and 50 μg/ml against S. aureus and Candida albicans, respectively. In addition, AgNPs showed synergy effects by their combination with fluconazole that increased fold areas especially against A. niger, A. flavus and F. oxysporum.
{"title":"EXTRACELLULAR BIOSYNTHESIS, OPTIMIZATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF ESCHERICHIA COLI D8 SILVER NANOPARTICLES","authors":"M. M. N. El-Dein, Z. Baka, M. Abou-Dobara, A. El‐Sayed, M. El-Zahed","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.648-656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.648-656","url":null,"abstract":"This study highlights the optimization of extracellular biosynthesis and antimicrobial efficiency of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the crude metabolite of Escherichia coli D8 (MF06257) strain. The bacterial strain had been isolated from a sewage water stream located in Damietta City, Egypt. The optimum conditions for AgNPs production were at temperature 35°C, pH 7 and 1.5mM silver nitrate. The AgNPs biosynthesis was detected in culture filtrate within 1-2 minutes at room temperature (25±2°C) and sunlight. The characterization of AgNPs was studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy (maximum absorbance at 429 nm), X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern (crystal planes were 110, 111, 200, 211, 220, and 311), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (AgNPs were spherical in shape ranging from 6 to 17 nm), Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (the bands of symmetric and asymmetric amines were assigned at 3421.1 and 2962.13 cm-1, the stretching vibration band of aromatic and aliphatic (C-N) exist at 1392.35 and 1122.37 cm-1 bands), Zeta potential analyser (AgNPs had a negative charge value; -33.6 mV) and size distribution by volume (the presence of capping agent enveloping the AgNPs with a mean size of 136.0-294.3 nm). Nitrate reductase (NR) was assayed as an important partner in the optimized production (the rate of NR reached to 2.18 U/ml). The study demonstrated that AgNPs are potent inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus flavus. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs was studied by TEM. TEM micrographs showed an inhibition of S. aureus cell multiplication. In case of F. oxysporum, a reduction in the size of treated cells, formation of a mucilage matrix connecting the hyphal cells together, the appearance of a big vacuole, lipid droplets an a severe leakage of cytoplasmic contents were detected. AgNPs exhibited MIC values of 6.25μg/ml and 50 μg/ml against S. aureus and Candida albicans, respectively. In addition, AgNPs showed synergy effects by their combination with fluconazole that increased fold areas especially against A. niger, A. flavus and F. oxysporum.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78243026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.572-576
A. Abdolshahi, B. S. Yancheshmeh, Majid Arabameri, L. Marvdashti
Phytate take effect as an anti-nutrient element in food and feed materials. Thus, phytase, by catalyzing phytate, hydrolyzing the phosphomonoester bonds and releasing the inorganic phosphorous, decrease the phytate and enhance their nutritional value. Therefore, in this study, Bacillus sp. strain LA12was isolated from natural origins and the phytase production activity was evaluated. The novel extracellular phytase was produced and precipitated by saturated ammonium sulfate. The ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-sepharose and the size-exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G-100 were used to purify the enzyme. The results showed that the purification yield and concentration of final enzyme were 5.9% and 18.4%, respectively. Based on SDS-PAGE results the molecular weight of the phytase was determined about 73 kDa. Optimal activity of the enzyme was obtained at pH of 5.5 and 60 oC. Kinetic parameters Km and Vmax were 0.197 mM and 1.174 µmol/min, respectively. Mg2+, Co2+ and EDTA accelerated the effect on phytase activity; whilst adding other metal ions such as Ca2+, Zn2+ and Fe2+ in both concentrations could decrease its activity. Moreover, Mn2+ ion didn’t show indicative effect on its activity. The purified phytase exhibits good thermal stability after incubation at 50-70°C for 30 min, whereas the phytase activity drastically decreased up to 61% at 80°C. This study indicated that the purified phytase has the desired characteristics and can promisingly be used for hydrolyzing of phytate in food and feed.
{"title":"PHYTASE FROM BACILLUS SP. STRAIN LA12: ISOLATION, PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION","authors":"A. Abdolshahi, B. S. Yancheshmeh, Majid Arabameri, L. Marvdashti","doi":"10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.572-576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/JMBFS.2021.10.4.572-576","url":null,"abstract":"Phytate take effect as an anti-nutrient element in food and feed materials. Thus, phytase, by catalyzing phytate, hydrolyzing the phosphomonoester bonds and releasing the inorganic phosphorous, decrease the phytate and enhance their nutritional value. Therefore, in this study, Bacillus sp. strain LA12was isolated from natural origins and the phytase production activity was evaluated. The novel extracellular phytase was produced and precipitated by saturated ammonium sulfate. The ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-sepharose and the size-exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G-100 were used to purify the enzyme. The results showed that the purification yield and concentration of final enzyme were 5.9% and 18.4%, respectively. Based on SDS-PAGE results the molecular weight of the phytase was determined about 73 kDa. Optimal activity of the enzyme was obtained at pH of 5.5 and 60 oC. Kinetic parameters Km and Vmax were 0.197 mM and 1.174 µmol/min, respectively. Mg2+, Co2+ and EDTA accelerated the effect on phytase activity; whilst adding other metal ions such as Ca2+, Zn2+ and Fe2+ in both concentrations could decrease its activity. Moreover, Mn2+ ion didn’t show indicative effect on its activity. The purified phytase exhibits good thermal stability after incubation at 50-70°C for 30 min, whereas the phytase activity drastically decreased up to 61% at 80°C. This study indicated that the purified phytase has the desired characteristics and can promisingly be used for hydrolyzing of phytate in food and feed.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83155112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.15414/jmbfs.2020.10.3.436-440
Oraphan Wanakhachornkrai, Warunya Banglao, Acharawan Thongmee, P. Sukplang
Antioxidant activity, anti-aging effects and cytotoxicity activity of cinnamon essential oils from Cinnamomum zeylanicum were investigated in this study. The antioxidant activities of the cinnamon essential oil at the concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 µg/mL were determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2ʹ-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS). The inhibitory activities against collagenase, elastase and tyrosinase were evaluated for anti-aging effects. The antioxidant activity determined by DPPH and ABTS assays varied from 4.91 - 28.74% and 4.96 - 50.17%, respectively. In addition, cinnamon essential oil at all concentrations tested (100, 200, 500, and 1000 µg/mL) inhibited tyrosinase activity by 61.68 - 93.12 %, collagenase activity by 2.83 - 30.28 % and elastase activity by 4.37 - 33.92 %. The cytotoxicity activity determined by the diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay revealed that the cinnamon essential oil at the concentration less than 100 µg/mL did not exhibit cytotoxicity activity on human fibroblast cells while the percentage of cell viability decreased when exposed to this oil at the concentration higher than 150 µg/mL. These results demonstrated that the cinnamon essential oil has antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory, collagenase inhibitory, and elastase inhibitory activities. In addition, cinnamon essential oil at each effective concentration did not show any toxicity when tested on normal human fibroblast cell. Therefore, this essential oil could be a potential candidate for cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTI-AGING AND CYTOTOXICITY ACTIVITY OF THE ESSENTIAL OILS FROM CINNAMOMUM ZEYLANICUM","authors":"Oraphan Wanakhachornkrai, Warunya Banglao, Acharawan Thongmee, P. Sukplang","doi":"10.15414/jmbfs.2020.10.3.436-440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/jmbfs.2020.10.3.436-440","url":null,"abstract":"Antioxidant activity, anti-aging effects and cytotoxicity activity of cinnamon essential oils from Cinnamomum zeylanicum were investigated in this study. The antioxidant activities of the cinnamon essential oil at the concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 µg/mL were determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2ʹ-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS). The inhibitory activities against collagenase, elastase and tyrosinase were evaluated for anti-aging effects. The antioxidant activity determined by DPPH and ABTS assays varied from 4.91 - 28.74% and 4.96 - 50.17%, respectively. In addition, cinnamon essential oil at all concentrations tested (100, 200, 500, and 1000 µg/mL) inhibited tyrosinase activity by 61.68 - 93.12 %, collagenase activity by 2.83 - 30.28 % and elastase activity by 4.37 - 33.92 %. The cytotoxicity activity determined by the diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay revealed that the cinnamon essential oil at the concentration less than 100 µg/mL did not exhibit cytotoxicity activity on human fibroblast cells while the percentage of cell viability decreased when exposed to this oil at the concentration higher than 150 µg/mL. These results demonstrated that the cinnamon essential oil has antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory, collagenase inhibitory, and elastase inhibitory activities. In addition, cinnamon essential oil at each effective concentration did not show any toxicity when tested on normal human fibroblast cell. Therefore, this essential oil could be a potential candidate for cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81699983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.15414/jmbfs.2020.10.3.405-408
N. Koretska, I. Karpenko, O. Karpenko, Halyna Midyana, V. Baranov
The influence of biosurfactants of trehalose lipid nature (R. erythropolis Au-1) and rhamnolipid nature ( Pseudomonas sp. PS-17) on the efficiency of the absorption of K+ and Ca2+ ions and plants growth was studied. The seeds of soybean, wheat and sunflower after the pre-sowing treatment by the biosurfactants solutions were grown on a liquid nutrient medium. The residual contents of K+ and Ca2+ ions in the medium were different for the variants with the biosurfactants and control (water). Based on these parameters, it was possible to value the stimulating effect of the biosurfactants on the plants’ ability to absorb mineral elements from the nutrient medium. The plants after the pre-treatment by the biosurfactants absorbed on 10-40% (trehalose lipids) and 27-61% (rhamnolipid biosurfactants) K+ and Ca2+ ions more than control variants. The growth parameters of plants were increased on 17-24% (trehalose lipids) or 39-77% (rhamnolipid biosurfactants). The experiments with plants (wheat, soya and sunflower) were also conducted in field conditions. The results showed that the trehalose lipid and rhamnolipid biosurfactants provide an increase in crop yields on 19-23% as well as the yield quality. The obtained data allowed to suggest a possible mechanism for the influence of surfactants on the plant growth.
{"title":"TREHALOSE LIPID AND RHAMNOLIPID SURFACTANTS AS PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS","authors":"N. Koretska, I. Karpenko, O. Karpenko, Halyna Midyana, V. Baranov","doi":"10.15414/jmbfs.2020.10.3.405-408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15414/jmbfs.2020.10.3.405-408","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of biosurfactants of trehalose lipid nature (R. erythropolis Au-1) and rhamnolipid nature ( Pseudomonas sp. PS-17) on the efficiency of the absorption of K+ and Ca2+ ions and plants growth was studied. The seeds of soybean, wheat and sunflower after the pre-sowing treatment by the biosurfactants solutions were grown on a liquid nutrient medium. The residual contents of K+ and Ca2+ ions in the medium were different for the variants with the biosurfactants and control (water). Based on these parameters, it was possible to value the stimulating effect of the biosurfactants on the plants’ ability to absorb mineral elements from the nutrient medium. The plants after the pre-treatment by the biosurfactants absorbed on 10-40% (trehalose lipids) and 27-61% (rhamnolipid biosurfactants) K+ and Ca2+ ions more than control variants. The growth parameters of plants were increased on 17-24% (trehalose lipids) or 39-77% (rhamnolipid biosurfactants). The experiments with plants (wheat, soya and sunflower) were also conducted in field conditions. The results showed that the trehalose lipid and rhamnolipid biosurfactants provide an increase in crop yields on 19-23% as well as the yield quality. The obtained data allowed to suggest a possible mechanism for the influence of surfactants on the plant growth.","PeriodicalId":22746,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91542434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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