Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2023.2248803
Megan R. Brown
{"title":"The new white race: settler colonialism and the press in French Algeria, 1860-1914","authors":"Megan R. Brown","doi":"10.1080/13629387.2023.2248803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2023.2248803","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22750,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of North African Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76631868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2023.2248802
Clement M. Henry
{"title":"Salah Ben Youssef et les youssefistes: Au tournant de l’indépendance tunisienne, 1955–1956","authors":"Clement M. Henry","doi":"10.1080/13629387.2023.2248802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2023.2248802","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22750,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of North African Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81122005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-09DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2023.2237494
Hamdi Echkaou, J. Frische
{"title":"Biographies of insecurity: labour migration from the Moroccan margins","authors":"Hamdi Echkaou, J. Frische","doi":"10.1080/13629387.2023.2237494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2023.2237494","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22750,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of North African Studies","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78170455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-29DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2023.2241016
Eileen Ryan
ABSTRACT This article examines the Libyan Oral History Project, an archive created in the 1970s to record the memories of mujahidin involved in anti-Italian resistance in Libya. Though it was not the original intention of the archive, this article argues that the memories of the mujahidin contribute to an effort among historians to reconceptualise the global significance of the First World War. A careful reading of the accounts of the mujahidin reveals a chronological continuity from the initial struggle against the Italian occupation to armed warfare against European forces throughout the region in the interwar era. By interpreting the First World War from the southern coast of the Mediterranean, we gain new appreciation for the significance of the war not just as a conflict among empire, but also as the beginning of a longer struggle between imperial forces and anti-imperial resistance.
{"title":"War, resistance, and memory in Libya’s oral history project","authors":"Eileen Ryan","doi":"10.1080/13629387.2023.2241016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2023.2241016","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the Libyan Oral History Project, an archive created in the 1970s to record the memories of mujahidin involved in anti-Italian resistance in Libya. Though it was not the original intention of the archive, this article argues that the memories of the mujahidin contribute to an effort among historians to reconceptualise the global significance of the First World War. A careful reading of the accounts of the mujahidin reveals a chronological continuity from the initial struggle against the Italian occupation to armed warfare against European forces throughout the region in the interwar era. By interpreting the First World War from the southern coast of the Mediterranean, we gain new appreciation for the significance of the war not just as a conflict among empire, but also as the beginning of a longer struggle between imperial forces and anti-imperial resistance.","PeriodicalId":22750,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of North African Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79614243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-05DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2023.2229166
Chamseddine Mnasri
‘Burn the papers, burn the borders, burn from the inside.’ Nothing is more accurate to define the harga phenomenon than these words from Leila Chaïbi’s documentary La Brûlure. Following from Chaïbi’s description, harga is a one-way journey to a better life that soon degenerates into a process of self-burning, a process whose meanings include but also much exceed definitions as ‘illegal’ or ‘irregular’ migration. Yahrag, the verb form of harga, implies that ‘nothing will be left from me’ when I burn my travel documents, the borders, and despair while trying desperately to survive the high waves. It is a journey that the harraga are compelled to choose due to the condition of desperation at home; a journey that also frequently ends in utter failure due the contentious immigration policies of many Global North countries, which criminalise the harraga simply for wishing for a better future away from home. Such a journey was succinctly depicted by one of the harraga in 2017. ‘I’d rather die trying than live in despair,’ he boldly put it (cited in Tabbabi 2020). ‘To die trying’ means essentially to burn your misery by courting death, or to live in the twilight zone between life and death, when you take a gamble regardless of the outcome. It is a process that supplements hope for a better future with a death wish, which one deportee voiced fervently while boarding a plane back home:
{"title":"Tunisian harga: facts, theories, and conclusions","authors":"Chamseddine Mnasri","doi":"10.1080/13629387.2023.2229166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2023.2229166","url":null,"abstract":"‘Burn the papers, burn the borders, burn from the inside.’ Nothing is more accurate to define the harga phenomenon than these words from Leila Chaïbi’s documentary La Brûlure. Following from Chaïbi’s description, harga is a one-way journey to a better life that soon degenerates into a process of self-burning, a process whose meanings include but also much exceed definitions as ‘illegal’ or ‘irregular’ migration. Yahrag, the verb form of harga, implies that ‘nothing will be left from me’ when I burn my travel documents, the borders, and despair while trying desperately to survive the high waves. It is a journey that the harraga are compelled to choose due to the condition of desperation at home; a journey that also frequently ends in utter failure due the contentious immigration policies of many Global North countries, which criminalise the harraga simply for wishing for a better future away from home. Such a journey was succinctly depicted by one of the harraga in 2017. ‘I’d rather die trying than live in despair,’ he boldly put it (cited in Tabbabi 2020). ‘To die trying’ means essentially to burn your misery by courting death, or to live in the twilight zone between life and death, when you take a gamble regardless of the outcome. It is a process that supplements hope for a better future with a death wish, which one deportee voiced fervently while boarding a plane back home:","PeriodicalId":22750,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of North African Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"1037 - 1045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90230174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2022.2087266
Gretchen Head
analysis of how the structures of racial violence underpinning settler society in Algeria compare to other settler contexts, historical and contemporary, would have enhanced both the reach and the depth of the book’s contribution to the scholarship. There is somewhat of a missed opportunity here to bring the wider colonial world into Algerian history and to bring Algeria into the history of the wider colonial world. This minor critique notwithstanding, Sylvie Thénault has produced a piece of scholarship that is both accessible and original, representing a significant contribution to the field. The reflection she offers on the structural racism and violence of the settler colonial polity and its minimisation and occlusion in the archival record is sure to open new and exciting avenues for research into the future.
{"title":"The Libyan Novel: Humans, Animals and the Poetics of Vulnerability","authors":"Gretchen Head","doi":"10.1080/13629387.2022.2087266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2022.2087266","url":null,"abstract":"analysis of how the structures of racial violence underpinning settler society in Algeria compare to other settler contexts, historical and contemporary, would have enhanced both the reach and the depth of the book’s contribution to the scholarship. There is somewhat of a missed opportunity here to bring the wider colonial world into Algerian history and to bring Algeria into the history of the wider colonial world. This minor critique notwithstanding, Sylvie Thénault has produced a piece of scholarship that is both accessible and original, representing a significant contribution to the field. The reflection she offers on the structural racism and violence of the settler colonial polity and its minimisation and occlusion in the archival record is sure to open new and exciting avenues for research into the future.","PeriodicalId":22750,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of North African Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"1024 - 1029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80097829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2023.2229999
Stuart Schaar
{"title":"Première guerre mondiale, panislamisme et nationalisme tunisien: Parcours de figures tunisiennes en Allemagne au début du XXe siècle","authors":"Stuart Schaar","doi":"10.1080/13629387.2023.2229999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2023.2229999","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22750,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of North African Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73919153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2023.2229606
Emmanuelle Comtat
{"title":"Les jeunes et la guerre d'Algérie: Une nouvelle génération face à son histoire","authors":"Emmanuelle Comtat","doi":"10.1080/13629387.2023.2229606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2023.2229606","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22750,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of North African Studies","volume":"46 18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85235637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-05DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2023.2211838
Zoe Petkanas
This spring, Rached Ghannouchi, leader of the Tunisian opposition and founder of Islamist party Ennahdha, was arrested and sentenced to one year in prison for allegedly using the word ’tyrant’ in a funeral eulogy. His arrest is only the latest in a series of escalating crackdowns on dissent and political opposition by Tunisian President Kais Saied. Since executing a presidential coup in July 2021, Saied has emerged as the region’s latest authoritarian strongman. Some analysts cite Saied’s populist anti-institutionalism and conspiracy-driven political paranoia as reminiscent of Donald Trump, Hugo Chavez, and Silvio Berlusconi (Cordall 2023). Others place him the company of Egypt’s Abdel Fattah el-Sisi – whose security officers were advising Saied and were present when former Prime Minister Hichem Mechichi was beaten at the Presidential Palace on 25 July (Middle East Eye 2021). Although often compared in the early days after the revolutions, Tunisia and Egypt’s paths drastically diverged only two years later when Sisi overthrew Egypt’s first democratically elected president just one year after his election. Nearly ten years later, however, Saied appears to be following Sisi’s hyper-presidentialist playbook on seising and consolidating power, systematically dismantling Tunisia’s painstakingly built democratic institutions in the process.
{"title":"Kais Saied and the demise of democracy","authors":"Zoe Petkanas","doi":"10.1080/13629387.2023.2211838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2023.2211838","url":null,"abstract":"This spring, Rached Ghannouchi, leader of the Tunisian opposition and founder of Islamist party Ennahdha, was arrested and sentenced to one year in prison for allegedly using the word ’tyrant’ in a funeral eulogy. His arrest is only the latest in a series of escalating crackdowns on dissent and political opposition by Tunisian President Kais Saied. Since executing a presidential coup in July 2021, Saied has emerged as the region’s latest authoritarian strongman. Some analysts cite Saied’s populist anti-institutionalism and conspiracy-driven political paranoia as reminiscent of Donald Trump, Hugo Chavez, and Silvio Berlusconi (Cordall 2023). Others place him the company of Egypt’s Abdel Fattah el-Sisi – whose security officers were advising Saied and were present when former Prime Minister Hichem Mechichi was beaten at the Presidential Palace on 25 July (Middle East Eye 2021). Although often compared in the early days after the revolutions, Tunisia and Egypt’s paths drastically diverged only two years later when Sisi overthrew Egypt’s first democratically elected president just one year after his election. Nearly ten years later, however, Saied appears to be following Sisi’s hyper-presidentialist playbook on seising and consolidating power, systematically dismantling Tunisia’s painstakingly built democratic institutions in the process.","PeriodicalId":22750,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of North African Studies","volume":"38 1","pages":"733 - 740"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77800033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2023.2207227
L. Sadiki, L. Saleh
ABSTRACT This article frames the problematic explored in the Special Issue, namely, the Maghreb and North Africa's ‘crisis of democratization.' Across cases, the crisis is multi-layered, involving first, counter-revolution since the 2011 (and 2019) uprisings and revolutions; second, the breakup of states, particularly those mired in violence (e.g. Libya); and third, setbacks even among states that have to an extent transcended the democratic threshold (e.g. Tunisia). We lay the groundwork for localized and contextualized exploration of ‘degenerations of democratizations' playing out in the region. This involves rethinking the teleological ambit of transitology studies as well as the ‘reverse transitology' scholarship on democratic backsliding. We propose an alternative ‘critical democratization' frame that emphasizes emancipation and attends to the demos. This people-centered approach is fitting for exploring democratization and its setbacks in the context of popular uprisings and revolution. It allows for investigations of local democratic learning and un-learning; local-global and local-regional interactions; entrenched socioeconomic and military structures and disparities; and popular forces of resistance (al-hirak) challenging democratic setbacks. Critical study of democratization necessitates case-by-case explorations probing regional commonalities as well as country-level specificities to investigate how ‘degeneration’ manifests in the Maghreb, North Africa, and the wider Arab region.
{"title":"Degeneration and the demos in North Africa: towards a ‘critical’ study of democratisation?","authors":"L. Sadiki, L. Saleh","doi":"10.1080/13629387.2023.2207227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2023.2207227","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article frames the problematic explored in the Special Issue, namely, the Maghreb and North Africa's ‘crisis of democratization.' Across cases, the crisis is multi-layered, involving first, counter-revolution since the 2011 (and 2019) uprisings and revolutions; second, the breakup of states, particularly those mired in violence (e.g. Libya); and third, setbacks even among states that have to an extent transcended the democratic threshold (e.g. Tunisia). We lay the groundwork for localized and contextualized exploration of ‘degenerations of democratizations' playing out in the region. This involves rethinking the teleological ambit of transitology studies as well as the ‘reverse transitology' scholarship on democratic backsliding. We propose an alternative ‘critical democratization' frame that emphasizes emancipation and attends to the demos. This people-centered approach is fitting for exploring democratization and its setbacks in the context of popular uprisings and revolution. It allows for investigations of local democratic learning and un-learning; local-global and local-regional interactions; entrenched socioeconomic and military structures and disparities; and popular forces of resistance (al-hirak) challenging democratic setbacks. Critical study of democratization necessitates case-by-case explorations probing regional commonalities as well as country-level specificities to investigate how ‘degeneration’ manifests in the Maghreb, North Africa, and the wider Arab region.","PeriodicalId":22750,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of North African Studies","volume":"46 1","pages":"1444 - 1472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80041143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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