Pub Date : 2009-05-20DOI: 10.2174/1874848100902010053
A. Lagarto, Viviana Bueno, I. Guerra, O. Valdés, Tatiana Gabilondo, Jorge Rodríguez
We have studied the acute and subchronic oral toxicities of Justicia pectoralis J hydroalcoholic extract in Wis- tar rats. In acute test, both sexes of adult Wistar rats were given single po dose of J. pectoralis extract at 2000 mg/kg. Fol- lowing euthanasia 14 days later, mortality and signs of toxicity were not observed. In subchronic test, J. pectoralis extract was po administered to both sexes of Wistar rats at 10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg/day, 5 days per week for 90 days. The major toxicological endpoints examined included animal body weight, food intake, selected tissue weights, and histopathologi- cal examinations. In addition, we examined blood elements and blood chemistry. Of the blood elements, the blood clotting time was significantly affected in males and females after 90 days. For blood chemistry parameters, cholesterol, ALT, bilirubin, and urea were affected. Organs and tissues abnormalities were not observed in histopathological examination. These results indicate that the effects observed are low and include slight variations in blood clotting time and biochemi- cal parameters.
{"title":"Acute and Subchronic Oral Toxicities of Justicia pectoralis J. Extract in Wistar Rats","authors":"A. Lagarto, Viviana Bueno, I. Guerra, O. Valdés, Tatiana Gabilondo, Jorge Rodríguez","doi":"10.2174/1874848100902010053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874848100902010053","url":null,"abstract":"We have studied the acute and subchronic oral toxicities of Justicia pectoralis J hydroalcoholic extract in Wis- tar rats. In acute test, both sexes of adult Wistar rats were given single po dose of J. pectoralis extract at 2000 mg/kg. Fol- lowing euthanasia 14 days later, mortality and signs of toxicity were not observed. In subchronic test, J. pectoralis extract was po administered to both sexes of Wistar rats at 10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg/day, 5 days per week for 90 days. The major toxicological endpoints examined included animal body weight, food intake, selected tissue weights, and histopathologi- cal examinations. In addition, we examined blood elements and blood chemistry. Of the blood elements, the blood clotting time was significantly affected in males and females after 90 days. For blood chemistry parameters, cholesterol, ALT, bilirubin, and urea were affected. Organs and tissues abnormalities were not observed in histopathological examination. These results indicate that the effects observed are low and include slight variations in blood clotting time and biochemi- cal parameters.","PeriodicalId":22871,"journal":{"name":"The Open Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74997737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-04-14DOI: 10.2174/1874848100902010042
E. R. Almeida
Lapachol whose isolation and study at the end of the century by Parterno, is one of the most brilliant chapters of Phytochemistry, especially in conjunction with the work of Max Siewert a communication on the wood of the Argen- tina Lapachol (Bignoniaceae) tree from Max Siewert, submitted along with Ricardo Napp in Exp. NAC. Philadelphia in 1876. The Lapachol has its origin in the Tabebuia avellanedae Lorentz ex. Griseb (Bignoniaceae) which in Brazil is known as Pau DArc, Ipe-purple, Ipe-Black, and Yellow-Ipe. It is a tree of huge size used in traditional medicine for cases of stomatitis, inflammatory processes in general and against cancer. � -Lapachone is an o-naphthoquinone from Lapachol used against, Trypanosome cruzi, cancer, viruses, bacteria, and leishmania is currently evaluated. This plant can also be found in other plant families such as, Verbenaceae Leguminosae, Sapotaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Malvaceae and Pro- teaceae. This paper aims at demonstrating the pharmacology and clinical activity of Lapachol and � -Lapachone, through their mechanism of action, and other actions which are not related to their anti neoplastic activity.
{"title":"Preclinical and clinical studies of Lapachol and beta-Lapachone.","authors":"E. R. Almeida","doi":"10.2174/1874848100902010042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874848100902010042","url":null,"abstract":"Lapachol whose isolation and study at the end of the century by Parterno, is one of the most brilliant chapters of Phytochemistry, especially in conjunction with the work of Max Siewert a communication on the wood of the Argen- tina Lapachol (Bignoniaceae) tree from Max Siewert, submitted along with Ricardo Napp in Exp. NAC. Philadelphia in 1876. The Lapachol has its origin in the Tabebuia avellanedae Lorentz ex. Griseb (Bignoniaceae) which in Brazil is known as Pau DArc, Ipe-purple, Ipe-Black, and Yellow-Ipe. It is a tree of huge size used in traditional medicine for cases of stomatitis, inflammatory processes in general and against cancer. � -Lapachone is an o-naphthoquinone from Lapachol used against, Trypanosome cruzi, cancer, viruses, bacteria, and leishmania is currently evaluated. This plant can also be found in other plant families such as, Verbenaceae Leguminosae, Sapotaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Malvaceae and Pro- teaceae. This paper aims at demonstrating the pharmacology and clinical activity of Lapachol and � -Lapachone, through their mechanism of action, and other actions which are not related to their anti neoplastic activity.","PeriodicalId":22871,"journal":{"name":"The Open Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89835082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-04-14DOI: 10.2174/1874848100902010048
Ju Feng, Wei Chen, Yu Zhao, Xiu-lian Ju
Over last few years, there has been great interest on the anti-tumor properties of the triterpenoids, oleanolic, ur- solic and glycyrrhetinic acid in presence of many plants such as Olea europeae L., Actostaphylos uva-ursi and Glycyr- rhiza uralensis. The three acids and their derivatives show potential anti-tumor promoting and cytotoxic activities, inhibit- ing proliferation, inducing apotosis and preventing invasion, which suggested that they could be developed as anti-cancer and cancer chemopreventive agents. The mechanisms of the anti-tumor effects by triterpenoids need further investigation. A brief review is attempted here for their anti-tumor activities and chemical modification research.
{"title":"Anti-Tumor Activity of Oleanolic, Ursolic and Glycyrrhetinic Acid","authors":"Ju Feng, Wei Chen, Yu Zhao, Xiu-lian Ju","doi":"10.2174/1874848100902010048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874848100902010048","url":null,"abstract":"Over last few years, there has been great interest on the anti-tumor properties of the triterpenoids, oleanolic, ur- solic and glycyrrhetinic acid in presence of many plants such as Olea europeae L., Actostaphylos uva-ursi and Glycyr- rhiza uralensis. The three acids and their derivatives show potential anti-tumor promoting and cytotoxic activities, inhibit- ing proliferation, inducing apotosis and preventing invasion, which suggested that they could be developed as anti-cancer and cancer chemopreventive agents. The mechanisms of the anti-tumor effects by triterpenoids need further investigation. A brief review is attempted here for their anti-tumor activities and chemical modification research.","PeriodicalId":22871,"journal":{"name":"The Open Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74162998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-27DOI: 10.2174/1874848100902010038
Keyong-Ho Lee, Sanggyu Bae, C. Cho, Ki-Hyeong Rhee
Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide purified from brown algae including, Fucus vesiculosus and Fucus vesiculosus and Laminaria japonica. It has a variety of biological effects including antioxidant and antitumor activity. In this study, we investigated the radioprotective effects of fucoidan on normal human newborn foreskin fibroblast cell line HS68. To evaluate the effects of fucoidan, we assayed cell viability in vitro and change of blood cells such as thrombo- cytes, erythrocytes, leukocytes and hematocrit with radiation. In a viability assay, fucoidan increased dose-dependently the recovery of radiation-induced damage by 8Gy at all tested dose (10, 50 and 100 μg/ml). The survival rate of HS68 cells by pre-treatment with fucoidan was increased by 2 times more than it's compared with untreated cells. Furthermore, fucoidan protected the change of blood cells as follows; the thrombocyte of the irradiated controls had fallen to 35% com- pared with the initial values, the thrombocyte counts in fucoidan pre-treated group was recovered to 49% at the day 14. The Hematocrit level of fucoidan pre-treated group showed the recovery activity by 72% at the day 14, while hematocrit level of irradiated control without fucoidan fell to 61%. In case of erythrocyte level, the radiated controls was consistently maintained by the end of experiment at the range of 60~70%, on the other hand, the erythrocyte counts of fucoidan pre- treated group gently increased the level of erythrocyte at the range of 82~90%. These results may provide valuable and useful information in the field of radio-protection.
{"title":"Fucoidan Protects Human Skin Fibroblast Cell Line HS68 Against γ -Radiation-Induced Damage","authors":"Keyong-Ho Lee, Sanggyu Bae, C. Cho, Ki-Hyeong Rhee","doi":"10.2174/1874848100902010038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874848100902010038","url":null,"abstract":"Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide purified from brown algae including, Fucus vesiculosus and Fucus vesiculosus and Laminaria japonica. It has a variety of biological effects including antioxidant and antitumor activity. In this study, we investigated the radioprotective effects of fucoidan on normal human newborn foreskin fibroblast cell line HS68. To evaluate the effects of fucoidan, we assayed cell viability in vitro and change of blood cells such as thrombo- cytes, erythrocytes, leukocytes and hematocrit with radiation. In a viability assay, fucoidan increased dose-dependently the recovery of radiation-induced damage by 8Gy at all tested dose (10, 50 and 100 μg/ml). The survival rate of HS68 cells by pre-treatment with fucoidan was increased by 2 times more than it's compared with untreated cells. Furthermore, fucoidan protected the change of blood cells as follows; the thrombocyte of the irradiated controls had fallen to 35% com- pared with the initial values, the thrombocyte counts in fucoidan pre-treated group was recovered to 49% at the day 14. The Hematocrit level of fucoidan pre-treated group showed the recovery activity by 72% at the day 14, while hematocrit level of irradiated control without fucoidan fell to 61%. In case of erythrocyte level, the radiated controls was consistently maintained by the end of experiment at the range of 60~70%, on the other hand, the erythrocyte counts of fucoidan pre- treated group gently increased the level of erythrocyte at the range of 82~90%. These results may provide valuable and useful information in the field of radio-protection.","PeriodicalId":22871,"journal":{"name":"The Open Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75525872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-17DOI: 10.2174/1874848100902010033
H. Barrios, Yuexin Zhang, C. Sandoval, Zun-an Xiao
Calluses from seasonal mature shoots of Taxus globosa Schltdl. were subcultured in new medium containing 1 mg l -1 NAA, 0.5 mg l -1 2, 4-D, 0.025 mg l -1 BA. Calluses growing for 30 and 40 days in a medium added with 0.1-5.0 mg l -1 of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) were harvested for determination of taxol, phenolic compounds, and for polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. The results showed that by increasing the CCC concentration, callus growth was decreased, phe- nolic level was raised up, but taxol content and PPO activity changed differently. The highest taxol production (0.0269 mg g -1 dry weight callus) and PPO activity (4.53 U g -1 fresh weight callus) were achieved at day 40 with a medium containing 0.5 mg l -1 CCC. Possible reason of higher taxol level stimulated by CCC is discussed in the text.
球形红豆杉季节性成熟芽的愈伤组织。在含有1 mg l -1 NAA, 0.5 mg l -1 2,4 - d, 0.025 mg l -1 BA的新培养基中传代。收集在添加0.1 ~ 5.0 mg l -1氯化氯胆碱(CCC)培养基中生长30和40天的愈伤组织，测定紫杉醇、酚类化合物和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性。结果表明:随着CCC浓度的增加，愈伤组织生长减慢，酚类含量升高，但紫杉醇含量和PPO活性变化不同。在含有0.5 mg l -1 CCC的培养基中，第40天紫杉醇产量最高(干重0.0269 mg g -1)， PPO活性最高(鲜重4.53 U g -1)。讨论了CCC刺激紫杉醇含量升高的可能原因。
{"title":"Increase of Taxol Production in Taxus globosa Shoot Callus by Chlorocholine Chloride","authors":"H. Barrios, Yuexin Zhang, C. Sandoval, Zun-an Xiao","doi":"10.2174/1874848100902010033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874848100902010033","url":null,"abstract":"Calluses from seasonal mature shoots of Taxus globosa Schltdl. were subcultured in new medium containing 1 mg l -1 NAA, 0.5 mg l -1 2, 4-D, 0.025 mg l -1 BA. Calluses growing for 30 and 40 days in a medium added with 0.1-5.0 mg l -1 of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) were harvested for determination of taxol, phenolic compounds, and for polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. The results showed that by increasing the CCC concentration, callus growth was decreased, phe- nolic level was raised up, but taxol content and PPO activity changed differently. The highest taxol production (0.0269 mg g -1 dry weight callus) and PPO activity (4.53 U g -1 fresh weight callus) were achieved at day 40 with a medium containing 0.5 mg l -1 CCC. Possible reason of higher taxol level stimulated by CCC is discussed in the text.","PeriodicalId":22871,"journal":{"name":"The Open Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74742921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-11DOI: 10.2174/1874848100902010024
Feng Zhu, Xin Chen, Yihua Yuan, M. Huang, Huili Sun, W. Xiang
A diverse array of bioactive compounds have been isolated and characterized from the mangrove plant Avicen- nia marina and its endophytes. Extensive chemical investigations of the different parts (barks, leaves, twigs, etc.) of the mangrove plant A. marina and its endophytes (mainly endophytic fungi) resulted in the reporting of the isolation of 123 compounds, and most of them are new or novel compounds. Most of compounds produced by the endophytes were differ- ent from the chemical components of the host A. marina, but it can still be found that some metabolites of the endophytes and some chemical components of the host possess the same structure unit. It suggested that there exist some biogenetic relationships between the endophytes and its host. Their biological activities, structural and stereochemical assignments are reported.
{"title":"The Chemical Investigations of the Mangrove Plant Avicennia marina and its Endophytes","authors":"Feng Zhu, Xin Chen, Yihua Yuan, M. Huang, Huili Sun, W. Xiang","doi":"10.2174/1874848100902010024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874848100902010024","url":null,"abstract":"A diverse array of bioactive compounds have been isolated and characterized from the mangrove plant Avicen- nia marina and its endophytes. Extensive chemical investigations of the different parts (barks, leaves, twigs, etc.) of the mangrove plant A. marina and its endophytes (mainly endophytic fungi) resulted in the reporting of the isolation of 123 compounds, and most of them are new or novel compounds. Most of compounds produced by the endophytes were differ- ent from the chemical components of the host A. marina, but it can still be found that some metabolites of the endophytes and some chemical components of the host possess the same structure unit. It suggested that there exist some biogenetic relationships between the endophytes and its host. Their biological activities, structural and stereochemical assignments are reported.","PeriodicalId":22871,"journal":{"name":"The Open Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73506338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-02-26DOI: 10.2174/1874848100902010016
H. Chitme, I. Muchandi, S. Burli
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease, characterized by increased porosity of the skeleton resulting from re- duced bone mass, the associated structural changes predispose the bone to fracture. The drug discovery process in this di- rection is very attractive, because of non-availability of suitable, safe and effective means for the management of this con- dition. The objective of the study was to evaluate antiosteoporotic activity of Asparagus racemosus. Ovariectomized rats model was used in this study for evaluation. Effects were evaluated by using biomechanical, bone mineral, serum and urine biochemical parameters. The effect on health status during the treatment was evaluated by regularly checking the overall body weight of the ovariectomized rats. In this study no significant change in body weight was observed. Metha- nolic and Aqueous extract obtained from Asparagus racemosus root has shown significant (p<0.05) effect on mineraliza- tion, ossification and osteoclastic activity suppression were observed in histopathological examination. Significant (p<0.05) increase in total ash weight, ash percent and ash calcium content were obtained. Treatments of ovariectomized rats by extract significantly reduced serum alkaline phosphatase activity, serum calcium and also inhibited the ovariec- tomized induced excessive loss of calcium in urine. Treatment of Aqueous and Methanolic extract of Asparagus racemo- sus also improved biomechanical parameters including hardness of 4 th lumbar vertebra, femoral length and its weight. We conclude from this study that phytosterols and other active constituents present in the root of Asparagus racemosus may effect on estrogen receptor similar to estrogen and produce antiosteoporotics effect. However, activity based fractionation and isolation of active constituents, is required to establish potency, safety and its clinical applicability in osteoporotic condition.
{"title":"Effect of Asparagus Racemosus Willd Root Extract on Ovariectomized Rats","authors":"H. Chitme, I. Muchandi, S. Burli","doi":"10.2174/1874848100902010016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874848100902010016","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease, characterized by increased porosity of the skeleton resulting from re- duced bone mass, the associated structural changes predispose the bone to fracture. The drug discovery process in this di- rection is very attractive, because of non-availability of suitable, safe and effective means for the management of this con- dition. The objective of the study was to evaluate antiosteoporotic activity of Asparagus racemosus. Ovariectomized rats model was used in this study for evaluation. Effects were evaluated by using biomechanical, bone mineral, serum and urine biochemical parameters. The effect on health status during the treatment was evaluated by regularly checking the overall body weight of the ovariectomized rats. In this study no significant change in body weight was observed. Metha- nolic and Aqueous extract obtained from Asparagus racemosus root has shown significant (p<0.05) effect on mineraliza- tion, ossification and osteoclastic activity suppression were observed in histopathological examination. Significant (p<0.05) increase in total ash weight, ash percent and ash calcium content were obtained. Treatments of ovariectomized rats by extract significantly reduced serum alkaline phosphatase activity, serum calcium and also inhibited the ovariec- tomized induced excessive loss of calcium in urine. Treatment of Aqueous and Methanolic extract of Asparagus racemo- sus also improved biomechanical parameters including hardness of 4 th lumbar vertebra, femoral length and its weight. We conclude from this study that phytosterols and other active constituents present in the root of Asparagus racemosus may effect on estrogen receptor similar to estrogen and produce antiosteoporotics effect. However, activity based fractionation and isolation of active constituents, is required to establish potency, safety and its clinical applicability in osteoporotic condition.","PeriodicalId":22871,"journal":{"name":"The Open Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80267895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-02-19DOI: 10.2174/1874848100902010006
H. Chitme, N. Patel
The Aristolochia bracteata is well known for its antiarthritis properties in Indian system of medicine and folk medicine. The objective of the present study was to evaluate its folk claim in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and propose a probable mechanism of action. Anti arthritic activity was evaluated using Freund's complete adjuvant in rats, the course of treatment was followed for over and 4 weeks post inoculation period using health parameters, clinical and behavioral methods of study. Estimation of blood Hb, ESR and change in body weight were considered as health parameters and clinical observations included paw edema volume, thermal hyperalgesia, radiological and histomarphological analysis and exploratory behavior was studied in behavioral observations. The results indicates that, regular treatment of adjuvant in- duced arthritic rats with A. bracteata extracts improves ESR, Hb value and also restores body weight. Significant (P<0.01) inhibitory effect was observed with A. bracteata extract on Freund's complete adjuvant induced paw edema throughout the study (P<0.001). The latency to thermal stimuli and inhibitory effect on xylene induced ear edema was significantly (P<0.05) affected by oral treatment of A. bracteata, irrespective of solvent used for extraction. Treatment of FCA induced rats with A. bracteata extracts shown (P<0.05) increase in pain threshold, weight bearing ability, ambulation and also de- cline in scratching, defecation and urination, were observed as a sign of improvement in behavioral condition. The results obtained in this study showed promising effect on FCA modulated health status, clinical observations and behavioral changes.
{"title":"Antiarthritis activity of Aristolochia bracteata extract in experimental animals.","authors":"H. Chitme, N. Patel","doi":"10.2174/1874848100902010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874848100902010006","url":null,"abstract":"The Aristolochia bracteata is well known for its antiarthritis properties in Indian system of medicine and folk medicine. The objective of the present study was to evaluate its folk claim in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and propose a probable mechanism of action. Anti arthritic activity was evaluated using Freund's complete adjuvant in rats, the course of treatment was followed for over and 4 weeks post inoculation period using health parameters, clinical and behavioral methods of study. Estimation of blood Hb, ESR and change in body weight were considered as health parameters and clinical observations included paw edema volume, thermal hyperalgesia, radiological and histomarphological analysis and exploratory behavior was studied in behavioral observations. The results indicates that, regular treatment of adjuvant in- duced arthritic rats with A. bracteata extracts improves ESR, Hb value and also restores body weight. Significant (P<0.01) inhibitory effect was observed with A. bracteata extract on Freund's complete adjuvant induced paw edema throughout the study (P<0.001). The latency to thermal stimuli and inhibitory effect on xylene induced ear edema was significantly (P<0.05) affected by oral treatment of A. bracteata, irrespective of solvent used for extraction. Treatment of FCA induced rats with A. bracteata extracts shown (P<0.05) increase in pain threshold, weight bearing ability, ambulation and also de- cline in scratching, defecation and urination, were observed as a sign of improvement in behavioral condition. The results obtained in this study showed promising effect on FCA modulated health status, clinical observations and behavioral changes.","PeriodicalId":22871,"journal":{"name":"The Open Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76862514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-23DOI: 10.2174/1874848100902010001
P. M. Oliveira, A. G. Pacheco, R. Pacheco, Alison G. Alves, D. Piló-Veloso, D. Raslan, A. Alcântara
This work describes the configurational and conformational analyses of 1,6,7-triacetoxy-8,13-epoxy-14-labden- 11-one, a labdane diterpenoid isolated from Plectranthus ornatus. Its relative stereochemistry was previously proposed by comparison with 1 H and 13 C NMR data of forskolin (2); however, the configurations of C-8 and C-13 have not been con- firmed. Correlations between 13 C NMR experimental data and HF/6-31G* calculated values of carbon chemical shifts were performed for configurational and conformational analyses. This procedure was formerly applied to the configura- tional analysis of 2. Among the seven different forskolin-type structures investigated, the 13 C NMR data of 2 correlated best with those with the same stereochemistry of 2 described in the literature. Thus, the same procedure was considered valid for configurational analysis of the labdane diterpenoid isolated from P. ornatus. The relative stereochemistry of this compound based on theoretical calculations was similar to the structure previously proposed, but the best results were ob- tained considering configurational inversion at C-13.
{"title":"A New Configurational Analysis of 1,6,7-triacetoxy-8,13-epoxy-14-labden- 11-one Isolated from Plectranthus ornatus Based on NMR and Theoretical Calculations","authors":"P. M. Oliveira, A. G. Pacheco, R. Pacheco, Alison G. Alves, D. Piló-Veloso, D. Raslan, A. Alcântara","doi":"10.2174/1874848100902010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874848100902010001","url":null,"abstract":"This work describes the configurational and conformational analyses of 1,6,7-triacetoxy-8,13-epoxy-14-labden- 11-one, a labdane diterpenoid isolated from Plectranthus ornatus. Its relative stereochemistry was previously proposed by comparison with 1 H and 13 C NMR data of forskolin (2); however, the configurations of C-8 and C-13 have not been con- firmed. Correlations between 13 C NMR experimental data and HF/6-31G* calculated values of carbon chemical shifts were performed for configurational and conformational analyses. This procedure was formerly applied to the configura- tional analysis of 2. Among the seven different forskolin-type structures investigated, the 13 C NMR data of 2 correlated best with those with the same stereochemistry of 2 described in the literature. Thus, the same procedure was considered valid for configurational analysis of the labdane diterpenoid isolated from P. ornatus. The relative stereochemistry of this compound based on theoretical calculations was similar to the structure previously proposed, but the best results were ob- tained considering configurational inversion at C-13.","PeriodicalId":22871,"journal":{"name":"The Open Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79910423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-05DOI: 10.2174/1874848100801010044
Bhoomika R. Goyal, R. Goyal, A. Mehta
To study the bronchoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Achyranthes aspera Linn. in toluene diisocyanate (TDI) induced occupational asthma in wistar rats. Wistar rats were divided into four different groups of eight animals each. All animals except control group were sensitized by the intranasal application of 10% TDI to induce airway hypersensitivity. At the end of the study, after provocation with 5%TDI the symptoms were observed in all animals. The total and differential leucocytes were counted in blood and bronchoalveolar (BAL) fluid. Liver homogenate was utilized for assessment of oxidative stress and lung histological examination was performed to investigate the inflammatory status in the airway. Our results suggest that, TDI sensitized rats exhibited asthmatic symptoms while A. aspera and dexamethasone treated rats did not show any airway abnormality. The neutrophils and eosinophils in blood were decreased significantly; the total cells and each different cell in particular eosinophils in BAL fluid were markedly decreased in treatment groups as compared to TDI sensitized rats. The antioxidant activity and histopathological observations also shows protective effect. From all above findings and observations, it can be concluded that A. aspera has beneficial role in occupational asthma in wistar rats.
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