Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4135/9781483380810.n454
Establish a set of “key words” that begin with the initial phonemes to be trained. Patients should be able to write all of the key words. It is helpful if they can also say the key words, although not necessary for moving forward in the protocol. In the Aphasia Lab, we use the Copy and Recall Treatment (CART) to train a standard set of words for 20 consonants and 12 vowel sounds (see below). Individualized key words that are relevant to a particular patient may also be used.
{"title":"Phonological Treatment","authors":"","doi":"10.4135/9781483380810.n454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483380810.n454","url":null,"abstract":"Establish a set of “key words” that begin with the initial phonemes to be trained. Patients should be able to write all of the key words. It is helpful if they can also say the key words, although not necessary for moving forward in the protocol. In the Aphasia Lab, we use the Copy and Recall Treatment (CART) to train a standard set of words for 20 consonants and 12 vowel sounds (see below). Individualized key words that are relevant to a particular patient may also be used.","PeriodicalId":22890,"journal":{"name":"The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88313792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4135/9781483380810.n505
{"title":"Radiation Therapy and Communication Disorders","authors":"","doi":"10.4135/9781483380810.n505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483380810.n505","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22890,"journal":{"name":"The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86566885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4135/9781483380810.n219
{"title":"Efficacy and Effectiveness of Treatment Studies","authors":"","doi":"10.4135/9781483380810.n219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483380810.n219","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22890,"journal":{"name":"The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82628769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4135/9781483380810.n384
{"title":"Metalinguistics","authors":"","doi":"10.4135/9781483380810.n384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483380810.n384","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22890,"journal":{"name":"The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82924765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4135/9781483380810.n603
{"title":"Stuttering, Effects of","authors":"","doi":"10.4135/9781483380810.n603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483380810.n603","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22890,"journal":{"name":"The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86626118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4135/9781483380810.n476
{"title":"Prescriptive and Descriptive Approaches","authors":"","doi":"10.4135/9781483380810.n476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483380810.n476","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22890,"journal":{"name":"The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88888063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4135/9781483380810.n232
{"title":"Epidemiology of Communication Disorders","authors":"","doi":"10.4135/9781483380810.n232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483380810.n232","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22890,"journal":{"name":"The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88994398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expressive and Receptive Language 3 The differences in the development of the acquisition of prepositions among two, three, and four-years olds were investigated. Acquisition was looked at both receptively and expressively. The children who were voluntarily involved in the study "played a game" by answering questions pertaining to the spatial relationship between a block and a bin. The results of the study showed that both age and the type of language were both significant factors in the number of correct responses. The study also showed that the interaction between the age and the type oflanguage was also a significant factor in the number of correct responses. The findings are consistent with the current literature. Expressive and Receptive Language 4 The Acquisition of Prepositions: Comparing the Expressive and Receptive Language of Two, Three, and Four-Year Olds The idea for my thesis developed from a class I took Spring Term of my junior year, introduction to Language and Linguistics. As an elementary education major and English-writing minor, this topic was something that I had never studied but that certainly intrigued me. Although l had spent years learning about the tremendous task of learning to read, I had never considered the question of how children learn to speak. The more I learned about language acquisition in general, the more 1 wanted to know. I have spent the last three years working at Children' s World Learning Center, a day care center in Vernon Hills. During my work there, 1 began paying closer attention to the differences in the language skills of the children and quickly discovered that these children developed at varied rates, which, of course, came as no surprise. My combined experiences lead me to the topic of my thesis-the acquisition of prepositions. r wanted my thesis to involve direct work with children. I did not want to simply read about what children do; 1 wanted to discover that for myself. I decided that I wanted to do some sort of diagnostic test with children to determine which prepositions they understood compared to which prepositions they could use. I chose to use prepositions because most other basic language develops earlier; prepositions are still emerging at this age. ln the beginning I thought that this task would involve two-yearolds. Before conducting any sort of test, I needed to do some background research. I was unable to find any journal articles written on this specific subject. I found and read articles concerning infant-directed speech, preschoolers' uses of multiple labels for objects, Expressive and Receptive Language 5 Noam Chomsky>s theories of language acquisition, and arguments to rus theories, as well as countless other topics within the field of language acquisition. 1 consulted a few textbooks and found limited infonnation. I then decided that the limited information gave me sufficient background knowledge t o conduct my test . I decided that I would compare the expressive language
{"title":"Expressive and Receptive Language","authors":"Lauren Hope Simonis, Senior Thesis, Lauren Hope Simorus","doi":"10.4135/9781483380810.n243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483380810.n243","url":null,"abstract":"Expressive and Receptive Language 3 The differences in the development of the acquisition of prepositions among two, three, and four-years olds were investigated. Acquisition was looked at both receptively and expressively. The children who were voluntarily involved in the study \"played a game\" by answering questions pertaining to the spatial relationship between a block and a bin. The results of the study showed that both age and the type of language were both significant factors in the number of correct responses. The study also showed that the interaction between the age and the type oflanguage was also a significant factor in the number of correct responses. The findings are consistent with the current literature. Expressive and Receptive Language 4 The Acquisition of Prepositions: Comparing the Expressive and Receptive Language of Two, Three, and Four-Year Olds The idea for my thesis developed from a class I took Spring Term of my junior year, introduction to Language and Linguistics. As an elementary education major and English-writing minor, this topic was something that I had never studied but that certainly intrigued me. Although l had spent years learning about the tremendous task of learning to read, I had never considered the question of how children learn to speak. The more I learned about language acquisition in general, the more 1 wanted to know. I have spent the last three years working at Children' s World Learning Center, a day care center in Vernon Hills. During my work there, 1 began paying closer attention to the differences in the language skills of the children and quickly discovered that these children developed at varied rates, which, of course, came as no surprise. My combined experiences lead me to the topic of my thesis-the acquisition of prepositions. r wanted my thesis to involve direct work with children. I did not want to simply read about what children do; 1 wanted to discover that for myself. I decided that I wanted to do some sort of diagnostic test with children to determine which prepositions they understood compared to which prepositions they could use. I chose to use prepositions because most other basic language develops earlier; prepositions are still emerging at this age. ln the beginning I thought that this task would involve two-yearolds. Before conducting any sort of test, I needed to do some background research. I was unable to find any journal articles written on this specific subject. I found and read articles concerning infant-directed speech, preschoolers' uses of multiple labels for objects, Expressive and Receptive Language 5 Noam Chomsky>s theories of language acquisition, and arguments to rus theories, as well as countless other topics within the field of language acquisition. 1 consulted a few textbooks and found limited infonnation. I then decided that the limited information gave me sufficient background knowledge t o conduct my test . I decided that I would compare the expressive language ","PeriodicalId":22890,"journal":{"name":"The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders","volume":"5 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90242805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4135/9781483380810.n543
Shimul A. Gajjar
You can advocate or stand up for yourself for any or all of the following reasons: Advocacy gives you some stability and a feeling of regaining some control of your life. Advocacy builds confidence because it helps you face challenges that may have seemed too difficult to overcome. Advocacy is a way of reaching out to others. It can be as simple as asking your doctor or nurse for the name of someone to talk with who has survived your type of cancer. Advocating for yourself may make the difference that turns hopeless and helpless feelings into feelings of hope.
{"title":"Self-Advocacy","authors":"Shimul A. Gajjar","doi":"10.4135/9781483380810.n543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483380810.n543","url":null,"abstract":"You can advocate or stand up for yourself for any or all of the following reasons: Advocacy gives you some stability and a feeling of regaining some control of your life. Advocacy builds confidence because it helps you face challenges that may have seemed too difficult to overcome. Advocacy is a way of reaching out to others. It can be as simple as asking your doctor or nurse for the name of someone to talk with who has survived your type of cancer. Advocating for yourself may make the difference that turns hopeless and helpless feelings into feelings of hope.","PeriodicalId":22890,"journal":{"name":"The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88822103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4135/9781483380810.n319
J. Fitzpatrick, Ma, Ccc-Slp, Adrian Williamson
RESUMEN Dentro de las funciones laríngeas, la refleja es la más desarrollada y por ello conlleva a un sofisticado mecanismo de regulación sensitivo-motora que aún no conocemos del todo bien. Este fino mecanismo de regulación puede verse modificado por una alteración del control neuronal, provocando un estado de hipersensibilidad de respuesta a nivel laríngeo ante una gran variedad de estímulos. La diversas formas de manifestación de esta hiperreactividad se agrupan en lo descrito como “Síndrome de Laringe Irritable”, entidad que da respuesta a gran cantidad de pacientes de curso crónico, persistente y que no presentan una causa clara o demostrable que explique su sintomatología. El manejo de estos pacientes debe ser multidisciplinario, no existiendo aún un tratamiento específico para ello, por lo cual se nos presenta no sólo como un desafío diagnóstico sino también de manejo terapéutico.
{"title":"Irritable Larynx Syndrome","authors":"J. Fitzpatrick, Ma, Ccc-Slp, Adrian Williamson","doi":"10.4135/9781483380810.n319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483380810.n319","url":null,"abstract":"RESUMEN Dentro de las funciones laríngeas, la refleja es la más desarrollada y por ello conlleva a un sofisticado mecanismo de regulación sensitivo-motora que aún no conocemos del todo bien. Este fino mecanismo de regulación puede verse modificado por una alteración del control neuronal, provocando un estado de hipersensibilidad de respuesta a nivel laríngeo ante una gran variedad de estímulos. La diversas formas de manifestación de esta hiperreactividad se agrupan en lo descrito como “Síndrome de Laringe Irritable”, entidad que da respuesta a gran cantidad de pacientes de curso crónico, persistente y que no presentan una causa clara o demostrable que explique su sintomatología. El manejo de estos pacientes debe ser multidisciplinario, no existiendo aún un tratamiento específico para ello, por lo cual se nos presenta no sólo como un desafío diagnóstico sino también de manejo terapéutico.","PeriodicalId":22890,"journal":{"name":"The SAGE Encyclopedia of Human Communication Sciences and Disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91378679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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