首页 > 最新文献

The Scientific World Journal最新文献

英文 中文
Mental Health and Other Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination Intention toward Children of Military Parents in Lambayeque, Peru. 与秘鲁兰巴耶克军人子女 COVID-19 疫苗接种意向相关的心理健康和其他因素。
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-06-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8873387
Mario J Valladares-Garrido, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Annel B Rojas-Alvarado, Cinthia Karina Picón-Reátegui, Franccesca Dawson Aguila, Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales, Neal M Davies, Virgilio E Failoc-Rojas, César Johan Pereira-Victorio, Danai Valladares Garrido, Víctor J Vera-Ponce, Jaime A Yáñez

There is evidence that vaccine acceptability is strongly associated with mental health. However, no studies assessing intention to vaccinate (ITV) intention toward children of military parents have been documented. The current research aimed to establish the prevalence and factors of ITV children against COVID-19 in military parents in Lambayeque-Peru, 2021. Analysis was conducted with the dependent variable ITV children reported by military parents. The independent variables were history of mental health, searching for mental health support, food insecurity, resilience, anxiety, depression, burnout, posttraumatic stress, and suicidal risk. Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Of 201 military personnel evaluated, 92.5% were male, 82.5% were of the Catholic faith, and the median age was 40.9% of respondents reported seeking mental health help during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was reported anxiety (20.3%), depression (6.5%), and posttraumatic stress disorder (6.5%). Most reported ITV in children against COVID-19 (93%). In the multiple models, we found that Catholics had a 23% higher prevalence of ITV in the children where PR = prevalence ratios and CI = confidence intervals (PR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.01-1.50). Likewise, seeking mental health support increased the prevalence of ITV by 8% (PR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00-1.15). Seeking mental health support and belonging to the Catholic faith had a higher ITV of children of Peruvian military personnel. Finding mental health support, experiencing burnout syndrome, having a relative who suffers from mental health problems, and being part of the Catholic religion were associated with a higher willingness to immunize the children of Peruvian military members.

有证据表明,疫苗的可接受性与心理健康密切相关。然而,还没有任何研究对军人父母子女的疫苗接种意向(ITV)进行评估。目前的研究旨在确定 2021 年秘鲁兰巴耶克军人父母为子女接种 COVID-19 的流行率和因素。分析以军人父母报告的 ITV 子女为因变量。自变量为心理健康史、寻求心理健康支持、粮食不安全、复原力、焦虑、抑郁、职业倦怠、创伤后应激和自杀风险。对流行率和 95% 的置信区间进行了估计。在接受评估的 201 名军事人员中,92.5% 为男性,82.5% 信仰天主教,年龄中位数为 40.9%,受访者表示在 COVID-19 大流行期间寻求过心理健康帮助。据报告,他们患有焦虑症(20.3%)、抑郁症(6.5%)和创伤后应激障碍(6.5%)。大多数报告称,儿童感染了 COVID-19 的 ITV(93%)。在多重模型中,我们发现天主教徒的儿童 ITV 患病率高出 23%,其中 PR = 患病率比,CI = 置信区间(PR = 1.23;95% CI:1.01-1.50)。同样,寻求心理健康支持也会使 ITV 患病率增加 8%(PR = 1.08;95% CI:1.00-1.15)。寻求心理健康支持和信奉天主教的秘鲁军人子女的 ITV 较高。寻求心理健康支持、经历职业倦怠综合症、有亲属患有心理健康问题以及信奉天主教与秘鲁军人子女更愿意接受免疫接种有关。
{"title":"Mental Health and Other Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination Intention toward Children of Military Parents in Lambayeque, Peru.","authors":"Mario J Valladares-Garrido, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Annel B Rojas-Alvarado, Cinthia Karina Picón-Reátegui, Franccesca Dawson Aguila, Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales, Neal M Davies, Virgilio E Failoc-Rojas, César Johan Pereira-Victorio, Danai Valladares Garrido, Víctor J Vera-Ponce, Jaime A Yáñez","doi":"10.1155/2024/8873387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8873387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is evidence that vaccine acceptability is strongly associated with mental health. However, no studies assessing intention to vaccinate (ITV) intention toward children of military parents have been documented. The current research aimed to establish the prevalence and factors of ITV children against COVID-19 in military parents in Lambayeque-Peru, 2021. Analysis was conducted with the dependent variable ITV children reported by military parents. The independent variables were history of mental health, searching for mental health support, food insecurity, resilience, anxiety, depression, burnout, posttraumatic stress, and suicidal risk. Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Of 201 military personnel evaluated, 92.5% were male, 82.5% were of the Catholic faith, and the median age was 40.9% of respondents reported seeking mental health help during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was reported anxiety (20.3%), depression (6.5%), and posttraumatic stress disorder (6.5%). Most reported ITV in children against COVID-19 (93%). In the multiple models, we found that Catholics had a 23% higher prevalence of ITV in the children where PR = prevalence ratios and CI = confidence intervals (PR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.01-1.50). Likewise, seeking mental health support increased the prevalence of ITV by 8% (PR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00-1.15). Seeking mental health support and belonging to the Catholic faith had a higher ITV of children of Peruvian military personnel. Finding mental health support, experiencing burnout syndrome, having a relative who suffers from mental health problems, and being part of the Catholic religion were associated with a higher willingness to immunize the children of Peruvian military members.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8873387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11390202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Visualising Medical Research: Exploring the Influence of Infographics on Professional Dissemination. 医学研究可视化:探索信息图表对专业传播的影响。
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-06-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5422121
Sujin Butdisuwan, Lovely M Annamma, A Subaveerapandiyan, Biji Thomas George, Sanjay Kataria

Objective: This study explores the impact of infographics on the professional dissemination of medical research. Recognising the burgeoning volume of data in the medical domain, this research aims to bridge the gap by investigating the efficacy of infographics in rendering complex medical concepts understandable to diverse audiences, including policymakers, patients, and the public.

Design: The study uses a cross-sectional survey to assess medical professionals' familiarity with infographic design and data visualisation principles. Setting. The research targets medical professionals with published articles across various subfields, including Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology, Pharmacology, Healthcare Management, Medical Imaging, and Public Health.

Method: Data collection involves an online survey distributed to potential participants through professional networks and research institutions. The survey encompasses Likert-scale questions and demographic variables. Ethical considerations include obtaining approval from the institutional review board, ensuring participant consent, and maintaining data anonymity and confidentiality.

Results: Demographic analysis reveals a diverse participant profile, with 58.7% male and 41.3% female respondents, spanning various age groups, professional experiences, and geographic locations. Assessing familiarity with infographic design and data visualisation principles demonstrates respondents' proficiency in certain areas while highlighting potential areas for improvement.

Conclusion: The study underscores the multifaceted benefits of infographics in research dissemination, as medical professionals perceive. Infographics can effectively convey various kinds of medical research information across diverse platforms and channels.

研究目的本研究探讨了信息图表对医学研究专业传播的影响。考虑到医学领域的数据量不断激增,本研究旨在通过调查信息图表在向不同受众(包括政策制定者、患者和公众)传达复杂医学概念方面的功效,缩小差距:设计:本研究通过横向调查来评估医学专业人员对信息图表设计和数据可视化原则的熟悉程度。研究背景研究对象是在临床医学、流行病学、药理学、医疗保健管理、医学影像和公共卫生等不同子领域发表过文章的医学专业人员:数据收集包括通过专业网络和研究机构向潜在参与者分发在线调查。调查包括李克特量表问题和人口统计学变量。伦理方面的考虑包括获得机构审查委员会的批准、确保参与者同意以及维护数据的匿名性和保密性:人口统计学分析表明,受访者的情况多种多样,男性占 58.7%,女性占 41.3%,年龄、职业经历和地理位置各不相同。通过评估受访者对信息图表设计和数据可视化原则的熟悉程度,可以看出受访者在某些领域的熟练程度,同时也凸显了需要改进的潜在领域:本研究强调了医学专业人员认为信息图表在研究传播中的多方面益处。信息图表可以通过不同的平台和渠道有效传达各种医学研究信息。
{"title":"Visualising Medical Research: Exploring the Influence of Infographics on Professional Dissemination.","authors":"Sujin Butdisuwan, Lovely M Annamma, A Subaveerapandiyan, Biji Thomas George, Sanjay Kataria","doi":"10.1155/2024/5422121","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5422121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explores the impact of infographics on the professional dissemination of medical research. Recognising the burgeoning volume of data in the medical domain, this research aims to bridge the gap by investigating the efficacy of infographics in rendering complex medical concepts understandable to diverse audiences, including policymakers, patients, and the public.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The study uses a cross-sectional survey to assess medical professionals' familiarity with infographic design and data visualisation principles. <i>Setting</i>. The research targets medical professionals with published articles across various subfields, including Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology, Pharmacology, Healthcare Management, Medical Imaging, and Public Health.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data collection involves an online survey distributed to potential participants through professional networks and research institutions. The survey encompasses Likert-scale questions and demographic variables. Ethical considerations include obtaining approval from the institutional review board, ensuring participant consent, and maintaining data anonymity and confidentiality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Demographic analysis reveals a diverse participant profile, with 58.7% male and 41.3% female respondents, spanning various age groups, professional experiences, and geographic locations. Assessing familiarity with infographic design and data visualisation principles demonstrates respondents' proficiency in certain areas while highlighting potential areas for improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study underscores the multifaceted benefits of infographics in research dissemination, as medical professionals perceive. Infographics can effectively convey various kinds of medical research information across diverse platforms and channels.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5422121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11199065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141451616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biogenic Waste from Two Varieties of Plantain in Ghana Contain Pectin with Potential Binding Properties in Conventional Tablets. 加纳两种车前草的生物废料含有果胶,在常规片剂中具有潜在的结合特性。
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-06-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5461358
Desmond Asamoah Bruce Otu, Frederick William Akuffo Owusu, Mariam El Boakye-Gyasi, Raphael Johnson, Prince George Jnr Acquah, Yayra Edzor-Agbo, Marcel Tunkumgnen Bayor, Mary-Ann Archer

Pharmaceutical formulations have traditionally relied on plants and their derivatives for various APIs and excipients. In Ghana, the widespread utilization of plantains, irrespective of their ripeness, generates significant waste at every stage of processing, posing disposal issues. Fascinatingly, these wastes, often discarded, possess significant economic potential and can be recycled into valuable raw materials or products. Pectin, a polysaccharide that occurs naturally, has seen a surge in interest in recent times. It has found widespread use in the pharmaceutical sector, particularly as a binding agent in tablet formulations. This study aimed to evaluate pectin from two popular plantain varieties, Apem (M) and Apantu (T) at different ripening stages, for pharmaceutical use as a binding agent in immediate-release tablets. The ripening stages selected were the matured-green (G), half-ripe (H), and full-ripe (R). Acid (D) and alkaline (L) mediums of extraction were employed for each ripening stage for both varieties. Wet granulation method was used to prepare the granules using paracetamol as a model drug, and their flow properties were subsequently assessed. Postcompression tests including, hardness, friability, weight uniformity, disintegration, assay, and in vitro dissolution were also assessed. Granules from all formulation batches had good flow properties indicated by their angle of repose (14.93 ± 1.41-21.80 ± 1.41), Hausner ratio (0.96 ± 0.27-1.22 ± 0.02), and compressibility (%) (7.69 ± 0.002-20.51 ± 0.002). All the tablets passed the uniformity of weight with none deviating by ±5%. The hardness of all the formulated tablets ranged between 3.96 ± 0.32 and 13.21 ± 0.36, while the friability for all tablets was below 1%. The drug content was between 100.1 ± 0.23% and 103.4 ± 0.01%. Tablets formulated with pectin as a binding agent at concentrations of 10% w/v and 15% w/v successfully met the disintegration test criteria for immediate release tablets. However, those prepared with a concentration of 20% w/v (MGL, MHD, MHL, MRD, MRL, TGL, THD, THL, and TRL) did not pass the disintegration test. Consequently, all batches of tablets successfully met the dissolution test requirement (Diss, Q > 75%), except for the batches that did not pass the disintegration test (Diss, Q < 75%). Ultimately, pectins extracted from the peels of Apem and Apantu at different ripening stages using acid and alkaline extraction can be commercially exploited as pharmaceutical binders at varying concentrations in immediate-release tablets.

药物配方历来依赖植物及其衍生物作为各种原料药和辅料。在加纳,大蕉的广泛使用,无论其成熟度如何,在加工的每个阶段都会产生大量废物,造成处理问题。有趣的是,这些通常被丢弃的废物却具有巨大的经济潜力,可以回收利用成为有价值的原材料或产品。果胶是一种天然存在的多糖,近来备受关注。它已被广泛应用于制药领域,特别是作为片剂的粘合剂。本研究旨在评估两种常见车前草品种--Apem(M)和 Apantu(T)--在不同成熟阶段的果胶在药物中用作速释片剂粘合剂的情况。所选的成熟阶段分别为熟绿(G)、半熟(H)和全熟(R)。两个品种的每个成熟阶段都采用了酸性(D)和碱性(L)提取介质。以扑热息痛为模型药物,采用湿法制粒法制备颗粒,随后对其流动特性进行评估。此外,还评估了压缩后测试,包括硬度、易碎性、重量均匀性、崩解度、化验和体外溶解度。所有制剂批次的颗粒都具有良好的流动性,具体表现为:静止角(14.93 ± 1.41-21.80 ± 1.41)、豪斯纳比率(0.96 ± 0.27-1.22 ± 0.02)和可压缩性(%)(7.69 ± 0.002-20.51 ± 0.002)。所有片剂的重量均匀性均合格,偏差均不超过 ±5%。所有配制片剂的硬度介于 3.96 ± 0.32 和 13.21 ± 0.36 之间,所有片剂的易碎性均低于 1%。药物含量在 100.1 ± 0.23% 和 103.4 ± 0.01% 之间。用果胶作为结合剂配制的片剂在浓度为 10% w/v 和 15% w/v 时成功地达到了速释片剂的崩解测试标准。然而,浓度为 20% w/v 的片剂(MGL、MHD、MHL、MRD、MRL、TGL、THD、THL 和 TRL)没有通过崩解测试。因此,除了未通过崩解试验的批次(Diss, Q > 75%)外,所有批次的片剂都成功地达到了溶解试验的要求(Diss, Q > 75%)。
{"title":"Biogenic Waste from Two Varieties of Plantain in Ghana Contain Pectin with Potential Binding Properties in Conventional Tablets.","authors":"Desmond Asamoah Bruce Otu, Frederick William Akuffo Owusu, Mariam El Boakye-Gyasi, Raphael Johnson, Prince George Jnr Acquah, Yayra Edzor-Agbo, Marcel Tunkumgnen Bayor, Mary-Ann Archer","doi":"10.1155/2024/5461358","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5461358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmaceutical formulations have traditionally relied on plants and their derivatives for various APIs and excipients. In Ghana, the widespread utilization of plantains, irrespective of their ripeness, generates significant waste at every stage of processing, posing disposal issues. Fascinatingly, these wastes, often discarded, possess significant economic potential and can be recycled into valuable raw materials or products. Pectin, a polysaccharide that occurs naturally, has seen a surge in interest in recent times. It has found widespread use in the pharmaceutical sector, particularly as a binding agent in tablet formulations. This study aimed to evaluate pectin from two popular plantain varieties, Apem (M) and Apantu (T) at different ripening stages, for pharmaceutical use as a binding agent in immediate-release tablets. The ripening stages selected were the matured-green (G), half-ripe (H), and full-ripe (R). Acid (D) and alkaline (L) mediums of extraction were employed for each ripening stage for both varieties. Wet granulation method was used to prepare the granules using paracetamol as a model drug, and their flow properties were subsequently assessed. Postcompression tests including, hardness, friability, weight uniformity, disintegration, assay, and in vitro dissolution were also assessed. Granules from all formulation batches had good flow properties indicated by their angle of repose (14.93 ± 1.41-21.80 ± 1.41), Hausner ratio (0.96 ± 0.27-1.22 ± 0.02), and compressibility (%) (7.69 ± 0.002-20.51 ± 0.002). All the tablets passed the uniformity of weight with none deviating by ±5%. The hardness of all the formulated tablets ranged between 3.96 ± 0.32 and 13.21 ± 0.36, while the friability for all tablets was below 1%. The drug content was between 100.1 ± 0.23% and 103.4 ± 0.01%. Tablets formulated with pectin as a binding agent at concentrations of 10% w/v and 15% w/v successfully met the disintegration test criteria for immediate release tablets. However, those prepared with a concentration of 20% w/v (MGL, MHD, MHL, MRD, MRL, TGL, THD, THL, and TRL) did not pass the disintegration test. Consequently, all batches of tablets successfully met the dissolution test requirement (Diss, <i>Q</i> > 75%), except for the batches that did not pass the disintegration test (Diss, <i>Q</i> < 75%). Ultimately, pectins extracted from the peels of Apem and Apantu at different ripening stages using acid and alkaline extraction can be commercially exploited as pharmaceutical binders at varying concentrations in immediate-release tablets.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5461358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11196187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Use of Exercise Prescription in Australian Osteopathy Practice: Secondary Analysis of a Nationally Representative Sample of the Profession. 澳大利亚整骨疗法实践中运动处方的使用:对具有全国代表性的行业样本的二次分析。
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-06-14 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1977684
Michael Fleischmann, Brett Vaughan, Kylie Fitzgerald

Introduction: Exercise is beneficial for improving general health, wellbeing, and specific medical conditions. In musculoskeletal conditions such as chronic low back and neck pain, prescribed exercise has been found to be moderately effective in decreasing pain and improving function. Osteopaths are primary contact health professionals who manage predominantly musculoskeletal complaints. This work presents a secondary data analysis of the Australian osteopathy practice-based research network and profiles the characteristics of osteopaths who often use exercise prescription in patient care. Methodology. Secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey of 992 osteopaths was registered with the Osteopathy Research and Innovation Network, an Australian practice-based research network. Demographics, practice, and treatment characteristics of Australian osteopaths who "often" use exercise prescription in patient care were examined.

Results: Seven-hundred and thirty-three Australian osteopaths (74%) indicated that they use exercise prescription "often" in patient care. Australian osteopaths who often use exercise prescription are more likely to be colocated with another osteopath (ORa 1.54) and send referrals to an exercise physiologist (ORa 1.94) and a specialist medical practitioner (ORa 1.72). Those osteopaths who often used exercise prescription were also more likely to discuss physical activity (ORa 5.61) and nutrition (ORa 1.90). Australian osteopaths who use exercise prescription often were more likely to treat patients with sports injuries (ORa 2.43) and use soft tissue techniques (ORa 1.92), trigger point techniques (ORa 2.72), and sports taping (ORa 1.78).

Conclusion: Osteopaths who utilise exercise prescription were more likely to discuss physical activity, diet, and nutrition and utilise referral networks with specialist medical practitioners and exercise physiologists. Australian osteopaths who often use exercise prescriptions were also more likely to treat patients with sport injury. The results suggest that most Australian osteopaths use exercise prescription and have referral networks with other health professionals for patient management. Further work is required to explore the type of exercise prescription used and for what conditions.

引言运动有益于改善一般健康、福祉和特定病症。对于慢性腰痛和颈部疼痛等肌肉骨骼疾病,处方运动对减轻疼痛和改善功能有一定效果。骨科医师是主要处理肌肉骨骼疾病的初级保健专业人员。本研究对澳大利亚整骨疗法实践研究网络进行了二次数据分析,并介绍了在患者护理中经常使用运动处方的整骨疗法医师的特点。研究方法。澳大利亚骨病研究与创新网络(Osteopathy Research and Innovation Network)是一个以实践为基础的研究网络,对该网络登记的 992 名骨科医生的横截面调查进行了二次分析。对 "经常 "在患者护理中使用运动处方的澳大利亚骨科医生的人口统计学、实践和治疗特征进行了研究:结果:733 名澳大利亚骨科医生(74%)表示,他们 "经常 "在患者护理中使用运动处方。经常使用运动处方的澳大利亚整骨疗法医师更有可能与其他整骨疗法医师共同工作(ORa 1.54),并将病人转介给运动生理学家(ORa 1.94)和专科医生(ORa 1.72)。经常使用运动处方的骨科医生也更有可能讨论体育锻炼(ORa 5.61)和营养问题(ORa 1.90)。经常使用运动处方的澳大利亚骨科医生更有可能治疗运动损伤患者(ORa 2.43),并使用软组织技术(ORa 1.92)、扳机点技术(ORa 2.72)和运动绑带(ORa 1.78):结论:使用运动处方的骨科医生更有可能与专科医生和运动生理学家讨论体育锻炼、饮食和营养问题,并利用转诊网络。经常使用运动处方的澳大利亚骨科医生也更有可能治疗运动损伤患者。研究结果表明,大多数澳大利亚骨科医生都使用运动处方,并与其他医疗专业人员建立了转诊网络,以管理病人。还需要进一步研究运动处方的类型以及针对何种情况使用运动处方。
{"title":"The Use of Exercise Prescription in Australian Osteopathy Practice: Secondary Analysis of a Nationally Representative Sample of the Profession.","authors":"Michael Fleischmann, Brett Vaughan, Kylie Fitzgerald","doi":"10.1155/2024/1977684","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1977684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Exercise is beneficial for improving general health, wellbeing, and specific medical conditions. In musculoskeletal conditions such as chronic low back and neck pain, prescribed exercise has been found to be moderately effective in decreasing pain and improving function. Osteopaths are primary contact health professionals who manage predominantly musculoskeletal complaints. This work presents a secondary data analysis of the Australian osteopathy practice-based research network and profiles the characteristics of osteopaths who often use exercise prescription in patient care. <i>Methodology</i>. Secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey of 992 osteopaths was registered with the Osteopathy Research and Innovation Network, an Australian practice-based research network. Demographics, practice, and treatment characteristics of Australian osteopaths who \"often\" use exercise prescription in patient care were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven-hundred and thirty-three Australian osteopaths (74%) indicated that they use exercise prescription \"often\" in patient care. Australian osteopaths who often use exercise prescription are more likely to be colocated with another osteopath (ORa 1.54) and send referrals to an exercise physiologist (ORa 1.94) and a specialist medical practitioner (ORa 1.72). Those osteopaths who often used exercise prescription were also more likely to discuss physical activity (ORa 5.61) and nutrition (ORa 1.90). Australian osteopaths who use exercise prescription often were more likely to treat patients with sports injuries (ORa 2.43) and use soft tissue techniques (ORa 1.92), trigger point techniques (ORa 2.72), and sports taping (ORa 1.78).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Osteopaths who utilise exercise prescription were more likely to discuss physical activity, diet, and nutrition and utilise referral networks with specialist medical practitioners and exercise physiologists. Australian osteopaths who often use exercise prescriptions were also more likely to treat patients with sport injury. The results suggest that most Australian osteopaths use exercise prescription and have referral networks with other health professionals for patient management. Further work is required to explore the type of exercise prescription used and for what conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2024 ","pages":"1977684"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11192601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities Evaluation, Phytochemical Characterisation of Rhizome from Angiopteris helferiana and Barks from Saurauia fasciculata in Nepal. 尼泊尔Angiopteris helferiana根茎和Saurauia fasciculata树皮的抗氧化和抗菌活性评价及植物化学特征。
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-06-12 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1119165
Ram Kishor Yadav, Akriti Dhakal, Kalpana Timilsina, Priyanka Shrestha, Sandesh Poudel, Sindhu Kc, Prabhat Kumar Jha, Rekha Bhandari, Khem Raj Joshi

Ethnomedicinally, more than 2000 plants were found to be used in Nepal. Among them, the red colored rhizome of Angiopteris helferiana and the bark of Saurauia fasciculata have been used widely to treat muscle fatigue, bone pain, fever, postpartum hemorrhage, and thirst by healers in Kaski and Tanahun districts, Nepal. However, scientific evidence towards their traditional uses is lacking till December, 2023. Therefore, we report the phytochemicals, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total carbohydrate content (TCC), antioxidant and antibacterial activities of A. helferiana and S. fasciculata extracts. Phytochemical analysis indicated that A. helferiana and S. fasciculata extracts were potential sources of chemicals such as phenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, and carbohydrates. The TPC, TFC, and TCC of extracts were determined by using an ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer. Among the extracts tested, A. helferiana extracts showed the highest phenolic and carbohydrate contents of 208.33 ± 12.96 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g and 564.16 ± 2.92 mg of D-glucose equivalent/g of dry extract, respectively. Similarly, S. fasciculata revealed the highest flavonoid content of 30.35 ± 0.1 mg quercetin equivalent/g of dry extract. The extract of A. helferiana and S. fasciculata exhibited potent antioxidant activity by scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals with an IC50 of 25.9 µg/ml and 31.07 µg/ml, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the A. helferiana and S. fasciculata extract against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli was determined using an agar-well diffusion protocol that revealed the potential antibacterial activity of A. helferiana against E. coli. The present study will help validate the traditional uses of A. helferiana rhizomes and S. fasciculata barks as a healing medicine and inspire the researcher towards further research, development, and formulation.

在民族医药方面,尼泊尔发现了 2000 多种常用植物。其中,Angiopteris helferiana 的红色根茎和 Saurauia fasciculata 的树皮被尼泊尔卡斯基县和塔纳洪县的医者广泛用于治疗肌肉疲劳、骨痛、发烧、产后出血和口渴。然而,直到 2023 年 12 月,有关其传统用途的科学证据仍然缺乏。因此,我们报告了 A. helferiana 和 S. fasciculata 提取物的植物化学成分、总酚含量(TPC)、总黄酮含量(TFC)、总碳水化合物含量(TCC)、抗氧化和抗菌活性。植物化学分析表明,A. helferiana 和 S. fasciculata 提取物是酚类、黄酮类、单宁、萜类、皂苷和碳水化合物等化学物质的潜在来源。使用紫外可见分光光度计测定了提取物的 TPC、TFC 和 TCC。在测试的提取物中,A. helferiana 提取物的酚和碳水化合物含量最高,分别为 208.33 ± 12.96 毫克没食子酸当量/克和 564.16 ± 2.92 毫克 D-葡萄糖当量/克干提取物。同样,S. fasciculata 的黄酮类化合物含量最高,为 30.35 ± 0.1 毫克槲皮素当量/克干提取物。A. helferiana 和 S. fasciculata 的提取物具有很强的抗氧化活性,能清除 2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼自由基,IC50 分别为 25.9 µg/ml 和 31.07 µg/ml。使用琼脂-孔扩散方案测定了 A. helferiana 和 S. fasciculata 提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌活性,结果显示 A. helferiana 对大肠杆菌具有潜在的抗菌活性。本研究将有助于验证 A. helferiana 根茎和 S. fasciculata 树皮作为治疗药物的传统用途,并激励研究人员进一步研究、开发和配制药物。
{"title":"Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities Evaluation, Phytochemical Characterisation of Rhizome from <i>Angiopteris helferiana</i> and Barks from <i>Saurauia fasciculata</i> in Nepal.","authors":"Ram Kishor Yadav, Akriti Dhakal, Kalpana Timilsina, Priyanka Shrestha, Sandesh Poudel, Sindhu Kc, Prabhat Kumar Jha, Rekha Bhandari, Khem Raj Joshi","doi":"10.1155/2024/1119165","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1119165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ethnomedicinally, more than 2000 plants were found to be used in Nepal. Among them, the red colored rhizome of <i>Angiopteris helferiana</i> and the bark of <i>Saurauia fasciculata</i> have been used widely to treat muscle fatigue, bone pain, fever, postpartum hemorrhage, and thirst by healers in Kaski and Tanahun districts, Nepal. However, scientific evidence towards their traditional uses is lacking till December, 2023. Therefore, we report the phytochemicals, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total carbohydrate content (TCC), antioxidant and antibacterial activities of <i>A. helferiana</i> and <i>S. fasciculata</i> extracts. Phytochemical analysis indicated that <i>A. helferiana</i> and <i>S. fasciculata</i> extracts were potential sources of chemicals such as phenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, and carbohydrates. The TPC, TFC, and TCC of extracts were determined by using an ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer. Among the extracts tested, <i>A. helferiana</i> extracts showed the highest phenolic and carbohydrate contents of 208.33 ± 12.96 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g and 564.16 ± 2.92 mg of D-glucose equivalent/g of dry extract, respectively. Similarly, <i>S. fasciculata</i> revealed the highest flavonoid content of 30.35 ± 0.1 mg quercetin equivalent/g of dry extract. The extract of <i>A. helferiana</i> and <i>S. fasciculata</i> exhibited potent antioxidant activity by scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 25.9 <i>µ</i>g/ml and 31.07 <i>µ</i>g/ml, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the <i>A. helferiana</i> and <i>S. fasciculata</i> extract against <i>Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Escherichia coli</i> was determined using an agar-well diffusion protocol that revealed the potential antibacterial activity of <i>A. helferiana</i> against <i>E. coli</i>. The present study will help validate the traditional uses of <i>A. helferiana</i> rhizomes and <i>S. fasciculata</i> barks as a healing medicine and inspire the researcher towards further research, development, and formulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2024 ","pages":"1119165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11186685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Role of Botulinum Neurotoxin A in the Conservative Treatment of Fractures: An Experimental Study on Rats. 肉毒杆菌神经毒素 A 在骨折保守治疗中的作用:大鼠实验研究
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-05-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7446251
Themistoklis Vampertzis, Christina Barmpagianni, Chryssa Bekiari, Georgia D Brellou, Ioannis A Zervos, Eleftherios Tsiridis, Nikiforos Galanis

This paper explores the role of botulinum neurotoxin in aiding fracture recovery through temporary muscle paralysis. Specifically, it investigates the effects of botulinum neurotoxin-induced paralysis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle on clavicle fractures in rats. The research aims to assess safety, effectiveness, and the impact on fracture healing. Healthy male Albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups: clavicle fracture, botulinum neurotoxin injection, both, and control. Surgeries were conducted under anaesthesia, and postoperatively, animals were monitored for 28 days. Euthanasia and radiological assessment followed, examining fracture healing and muscle changes, while tissues were histopathologically evaluated. The modified Lane-Sandhu scoring system was used for the radiographic evaluation of clavicle fractures, and the results varied from complete healing to nonunion. Histopathological examination at 28 days postfracture showed fibrous tissue, mesenchymal cells, and primary callus formation in all groups. Despite varied callus compositions, botulinum neurotoxin administration did not affect clavicle healing, as evidenced by similar scores to the control group. Several studies have explored botulinum neurotoxin applications in fracture recovery. Research suggests its potential to enhance functional recovery in certain types of fractures. Theoretical benefits include managing muscle spasticity, aiding reduction techniques, and preventing nonunion. However, botulinum neurotoxin's transient effect and nonuniversal applications should be considered. The present study found that botulinum toxin had no clear superiority in healing compared to controls, while histological evaluation showed potential adverse effects on muscle tissue. Further research is essential to understand its risk-benefit balance and long-term effects.

本文探讨了肉毒杆菌神经毒素通过暂时性肌肉麻痹帮助骨折恢复的作用。具体来说,它研究了肉毒杆菌神经毒素诱导的胸锁乳突肌麻痹对大鼠锁骨骨折的影响。研究旨在评估安全性、有效性以及对骨折愈合的影响。健康雄性白化Wistar大鼠被分为四组:锁骨骨折组、肉毒杆菌神经毒素注射组、两组和对照组。手术在麻醉状态下进行,术后观察 28 天。随后安乐死并进行放射学评估,检查骨折愈合情况和肌肉变化,同时对组织进行组织病理学评估。对锁骨骨折的放射学评估采用改良的Lane-Sandhu评分系统,结果从完全愈合到不愈合不等。骨折后 28 天的组织病理学检查显示,各组均有纤维组织、间充质细胞和原生胼胝形成。尽管胼胝成分各不相同,但肉毒杆菌神经毒素的使用并未影响锁骨的愈合,这一点从与对照组相似的评分中可见一斑。已有多项研究探讨了肉毒杆菌神经毒素在骨折恢复中的应用。研究表明,肉毒杆菌神经毒素有可能促进某些类型骨折的功能恢复。理论上的益处包括控制肌肉痉挛、辅助骨折复位技术和预防骨折不愈合。然而,肉毒杆菌神经毒素的作用具有短暂性,且不能普遍应用,这一点应予以考虑。本研究发现,与对照组相比,肉毒杆菌毒素在愈合方面没有明显的优势,而组织学评估显示,肉毒杆菌毒素对肌肉组织有潜在的不良影响。要了解肉毒杆菌毒素的风险效益平衡和长期影响,必须开展进一步研究。
{"title":"The Role of Botulinum Neurotoxin A in the Conservative Treatment of Fractures: An Experimental Study on Rats.","authors":"Themistoklis Vampertzis, Christina Barmpagianni, Chryssa Bekiari, Georgia D Brellou, Ioannis A Zervos, Eleftherios Tsiridis, Nikiforos Galanis","doi":"10.1155/2024/7446251","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/7446251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper explores the role of botulinum neurotoxin in aiding fracture recovery through temporary muscle paralysis. Specifically, it investigates the effects of botulinum neurotoxin-induced paralysis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle on clavicle fractures in rats. The research aims to assess safety, effectiveness, and the impact on fracture healing. Healthy male Albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups: clavicle fracture, botulinum neurotoxin injection, both, and control. Surgeries were conducted under anaesthesia, and postoperatively, animals were monitored for 28 days. Euthanasia and radiological assessment followed, examining fracture healing and muscle changes, while tissues were histopathologically evaluated. The modified Lane-Sandhu scoring system was used for the radiographic evaluation of clavicle fractures, and the results varied from complete healing to nonunion. Histopathological examination at 28 days postfracture showed fibrous tissue, mesenchymal cells, and primary callus formation in all groups. Despite varied callus compositions, botulinum neurotoxin administration did not affect clavicle healing, as evidenced by similar scores to the control group. Several studies have explored botulinum neurotoxin applications in fracture recovery. Research suggests its potential to enhance functional recovery in certain types of fractures. Theoretical benefits include managing muscle spasticity, aiding reduction techniques, and preventing nonunion. However, botulinum neurotoxin's transient effect and nonuniversal applications should be considered. The present study found that botulinum toxin had no clear superiority in healing compared to controls, while histological evaluation showed potential adverse effects on muscle tissue. Further research is essential to understand its risk-benefit balance and long-term effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7446251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11161265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Solutions for a Generalized Type of the Fokas-Lenells Equation. Fokas-Lenells 方程广义类型的解决方案
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-05-29 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9977603
Cesar A Gómez S

This work investigates the following generalization of the Fokas-Lenells equation. ıqt+A(t)qxx+B(t)qxt+C(t)|q|2q+ıD(t)|q|2qx=ı[H(t)qx+F(t)(|q|2q)x+G(t)(|q|2)xq] which is a Schro¨dinger-type equation with applications in theory of communications. Here, the coefficients are variables and depend on the temporal variable t. The improved tanh-coth method is used to obtain exact solutions for it in a general form. If the coefficients turn constants, the equation is known as the standard Fokas-Lenells equation (FLE) which has several applications in nonlinear science. As a particular case, novel soliton solutions, chirped solutions, and the respective chirps associated with them are derived for (FLE). Also, the work explores the behaviour of the solutions when the coefficients change in time, obtaining novel structures of the solutions which help understand in a better way the phenomenon described by the (FLE). We show the graphs of some of the solutions with the aim to compare the two cases, variable and constant coefficients. Finally, some conclusions are given.

这项工作研究的是福卡斯-勒内尔斯方程的以下一般化。ıqt+A(t)qxx+B(t)qxt+C(t)|q|2q+ıD(t)|q|2qx=ı[H(t)qx+F(t)(|q|2q)x+G(t)(|q|2)xq],这是一个薛定谔型方程,在通信理论中有所应用。这里的系数是变量,取决于时间变量 t。我们使用改进的 tanh-coth 方法求得其一般形式的精确解。如果系数变为常数,则方程称为标准 Fokas-Lenells 方程 (FLE),它在非线性科学中有多种应用。作为一种特殊情况,我们推导出了新的孤子解、啁啾解以及与之相关的啁啾。此外,这项工作还探索了当系数随时间变化时的解的行为,获得了新的解的结构,这有助于更好地理解 (FLE) 所描述的现象。我们展示了一些解的图形,目的是对系数可变和系数不变这两种情况进行比较。最后,我们给出了一些结论。
{"title":"Solutions for a Generalized Type of the Fokas-Lenells Equation.","authors":"Cesar A Gómez S","doi":"10.1155/2024/9977603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9977603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work investigates the following generalization of the Fokas-Lenells equation. <i>ıq</i><sub><i>t</i></sub>+<i>A</i>(<i>t</i>)<i>q</i><sub><i>xx</i></sub>+<i>B</i>(<i>t</i>)<i>q</i><sub><i>xt</i></sub>+<i>C</i>(<i>t</i>)|<i>q</i>|<sup>2</sup><i>q</i>+<i>ıD</i>(<i>t</i>)|<i>q</i>|<sup>2</sup><i>q</i><sub><i>x</i></sub>=<i>ı</i>[<i>H</i>(<i>t</i>)<i>q</i><sub><i>x</i></sub>+<i>F</i>(<i>t</i>)(|<i>q</i>|<sup>2</sup><i>q</i>)<sub><i>x</i></sub>+<i>G</i>(<i>t</i>)(|<i>q</i>|<sup>2</sup>)<sub><i>x</i></sub><i>q</i>] which is a Schr<math><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>o</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¨</mo></mrow></mover></mrow></math>dinger-type equation with applications in theory of communications. Here, the coefficients are variables and depend on the temporal variable <i>t</i>. The improved tanh-coth method is used to obtain exact solutions for it in a general form. If the coefficients turn constants, the equation is known as the standard Fokas-Lenells equation (FLE) which has several applications in nonlinear science. As a particular case, novel soliton solutions, chirped solutions, and the respective chirps associated with them are derived for (FLE). Also, the work explores the behaviour of the solutions when the coefficients change in time, obtaining novel structures of the solutions which help understand in a better way the phenomenon described by the (FLE). We show the graphs of some of the solutions with the aim to compare the two cases, variable and constant coefficients. Finally, some conclusions are given.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9977603"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11152759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141262910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Potential and Antibacterial Activities of Different Anatomical Parts of Hypericum cordifolium Choisy. 金丝桃不同解剖部位的植物化学分析、抗氧化潜力和抗菌活性。
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-05-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8128813
Sujana Sapkota, Alishma Maharjan, Sanjeeta Tiwari, Meena Rajbhandari

The genus Hypericum comprises a large number of species. The flower, leaf, stem, and root of the Hypericum species are widely used in traditional medicine in different cultures. Many Hypericum species have been well investigated phytochemically and pharmacologically. However, only a few reports are available on the H. cordifolium native to Nepal. The present study aims to evaluate the phytochemical composition of different extracts, qualitative analysis of methanol extract of the flower and leaf using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and the antioxidant properties of components by the TLC-DPPH. assay. The phenolic and flavonoid contents were estimated in different extracts of the leaf and stem, and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities were evaluated. In the phytochemical screening, phenolics and flavonoids were present in ethyl acetate, methanol, and 50% aq methanol extracts of both the leaf and stem. In TLC analysis, the methanol extract of flowers showed the presence of 11 compounds and the leaf extract showed the presence of 8 compounds. Both extracts contained chlorogenic acid and mangiferin. Hyperoside and quercetin were present only in the flower extract. In the TLC-DPPH. assay, almost all of the flower extracts and 5 compounds of the leaf extract showed radical scavenging potential. Estimation of phenolics and flavonoids showed that all the leaf extracts showed higher amounts of phenolics and flavonoids than stem extracts. Among leaf extracts, greater amounts of phenolics were detected in 50% aqueous methanol extract (261.25 ± 1.66 GAE/g extract) and greater amounts of flavonoids were detected in methanol extract (232.60 ± 10.52 CE/g extract). Among stem extracts, greater amounts of flavonoids were detected in the methanol extract (155.12 ± 4.30 CE/g extract). In the DPPH radical scavenging assay, the methanol extract of the leaf showed IC50 60.85 ± 2.67 µg/ml and 50% aq. methanol extract of the leaf showed IC50 63.09 ± 2.98 µg/ml. The methanol extract of the stem showed IC50 89.39 ± 3.23 µg/ml, whereas ethyl acetate and 50% aq. methanol extract showed IC50 > 100 µg/ml. In the antibacterial assay, the methanol extract of the leaf showed the inhibition zone of 12-13 mm and the stem extract showed the inhibition zone of 7-11 mm against S. aureus, E. coli, and S. sonnei, whereas both extracts were inactive against S. typhi. The findings of this study support the traditional use of this plant in Nepal for the treatment of diseases associated with bacterial infections. The present study revealed that the underutilized anatomical parts of H. cordifolium could be the source of various bioactive phytochemicals like other Hypericum species.

金丝桃属有很多种类。金丝桃属植物的花、叶、茎和根在不同文化的传统医学中被广泛使用。许多金丝桃品种在植物化学和药理学方面都得到了很好的研究。然而,关于原产于尼泊尔的金丝桃(H. cordifolium)的报告却寥寥无几。本研究旨在评估不同萃取物的植物化学成分,使用薄层色谱法(TLC)对花和叶的甲醇萃取物进行定性分析,并使用 TLC-DPPH 分析各成分的抗氧化性。对叶和茎的不同提取物中的酚类和类黄酮含量进行了估计,并评估了它们的抗氧化和抗菌活性。在植物化学筛选中,叶和茎的乙酸乙酯、甲醇和 50%甲醇提取物中都含有酚类和类黄酮。在 TLC 分析中,花的甲醇提取物显示存在 11 种化合物,叶提取物显示存在 8 种化合物。两种提取物都含有绿原酸和芒果苷。只有花提取物中含有金丝桃苷和槲皮素。在 TLC-DPPH 试验中,几乎所有的花提取物和叶提取物中的 5 种化合物都具有清除自由基的潜力。酚类和类黄酮的评估表明,所有叶提取物的酚类和类黄酮含量都高于茎提取物。在叶提取物中,50% 水甲醇提取物(261.25 ± 1.66 GAE/g)中检测到较多的酚类物质,甲醇提取物(232.60 ± 10.52 CE/g)中检测到较多的黄酮类物质。在茎提取物中,甲醇提取物(155.12 ± 4.30 CE/g 提取物)中检测到较多的黄酮类化合物。在 DPPH 自由基清除试验中,叶的甲醇提取物的 IC50 为 60.85 ± 2.67 µg/ml,50% 的甲醇提取物的 IC50 为 63.09 ± 2.98 µg/ml。茎的甲醇提取物显示 IC50 为 89.39 ± 3.23 µg/ml,而乙酸乙酯和 50%的甲醇提取物显示 IC50 > 100 µg/ml。在抗菌试验中,叶的甲醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和宋内氏杆菌的抑制区为 12-13 毫米,茎提取物的抑制区为 7-11 毫米,而这两种提取物对伤寒杆菌均无作用。这项研究结果支持了尼泊尔使用这种植物治疗与细菌感染有关的疾病的传统。本研究表明,金丝桃未被充分利用的解剖部位可以像其他金丝桃品种一样,成为各种生物活性植物化学物质的来源。
{"title":"Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Potential and Antibacterial Activities of Different Anatomical Parts of <i>Hypericum cordifolium</i> Choisy.","authors":"Sujana Sapkota, Alishma Maharjan, Sanjeeta Tiwari, Meena Rajbhandari","doi":"10.1155/2024/8128813","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8128813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Hypericum</i> comprises a large number of species. The flower, leaf, stem, and root of the <i>Hypericum</i> species are widely used in traditional medicine in different cultures. Many <i>Hypericum</i> species have been well investigated phytochemically and pharmacologically. However, only a few reports are available on the <i>H. cordifolium</i> native to Nepal. The present study aims to evaluate the phytochemical composition of different extracts, qualitative analysis of methanol extract of the flower and leaf using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and the antioxidant properties of components by the TLC-DPPH<sup>.</sup> assay. The phenolic and flavonoid contents were estimated in different extracts of the leaf and stem, and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities were evaluated. In the phytochemical screening, phenolics and flavonoids were present in ethyl acetate, methanol, and 50% aq methanol extracts of both the leaf and stem. In TLC analysis, the methanol extract of flowers showed the presence of 11 compounds and the leaf extract showed the presence of 8 compounds. Both extracts contained chlorogenic acid and mangiferin. Hyperoside and quercetin were present only in the flower extract. In the TLC-DPPH<sup>.</sup> assay, almost all of the flower extracts and 5 compounds of the leaf extract showed radical scavenging potential. Estimation of phenolics and flavonoids showed that all the leaf extracts showed higher amounts of phenolics and flavonoids than stem extracts. Among leaf extracts, greater amounts of phenolics were detected in 50% aqueous methanol extract (261.25 ± 1.66 GAE/g extract) and greater amounts of flavonoids were detected in methanol extract (232.60 ± 10.52 CE/g extract). Among stem extracts, greater amounts of flavonoids were detected in the methanol extract (155.12 ± 4.30 CE/g extract). In the DPPH radical scavenging assay, the methanol extract of the leaf showed IC<sub>50</sub> 60.85 ± 2.67 <i>µ</i>g/ml and 50% aq. methanol extract of the leaf showed IC<sub>50</sub> 63.09 ± 2.98 <i>µ</i>g/ml. The methanol extract of the stem showed IC<sub>50</sub> 89.39 ± 3.23 <i>µ</i>g/ml, whereas ethyl acetate and 50% aq. methanol extract showed IC<sub>50</sub> > 100 <i>µ</i>g/ml. In the antibacterial assay, the methanol extract of the leaf showed the inhibition zone of 12-13 mm and the stem extract showed the inhibition zone of 7-11 mm against <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, and <i>S. sonnei</i>, whereas both extracts were inactive against <i>S. typhi</i>. The findings of this study support the traditional use of this plant in Nepal for the treatment of diseases associated with bacterial infections. The present study revealed that the underutilized anatomical parts of <i>H. cordifolium</i> could be the source of various bioactive phytochemicals like other <i>Hypericum</i> species.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8128813"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11144067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design and Analysis of Digitally Tunable Transconductance Amplifier (DTTA) Using CNTFETs 使用 CNTFET 的数字可调跨导放大器 (DTTA) 的设计与分析
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2003437
S. Tripathi, Sarfraz Hussain, Raj Kumar, Sourabh Sahu
Carbon nanotube-FETs (CNTFETs) have become a potential challenger because of their exceptional electrical properties and compatibility with conventional CMOS technology. The design and study of digitally tunable transconductance amplifiers (DTTAs) using CNTFETs are the main topics of this work. By utilizing the special characteristics of CNTFETs, the suggested DTTA design makes transconductance tunable, providing a versatile method of adjusting amplifier settings without requiring modifications to the hardware architecture. This study provides a complete description of the CNTFET modeling techniques utilized for realistic circuit simulations, along with a detailed analysis of the DTTA based on CNTFETs. The circuit is implemented using a 32 nm CNTFET model and verified results with HSPICE.
碳纳米管场效应晶体管(CNTFET)因其卓越的电气特性和与传统 CMOS 技术的兼容性,已成为潜在的挑战者。利用 CNTFET 设计和研究数字可调跨导放大器(DTTA)是这项研究的主要课题。通过利用 CNTFET 的特殊特性,建议的 DTTA 设计实现了跨导可调,提供了一种无需修改硬件架构即可调整放大器设置的通用方法。本研究完整描述了用于实际电路仿真的 CNTFET 建模技术,并详细分析了基于 CNTFET 的 DTTA。电路使用 32 nm CNTFET 模型实现,并使用 HSPICE 验证了结果。
{"title":"Design and Analysis of Digitally Tunable Transconductance Amplifier (DTTA) Using CNTFETs","authors":"S. Tripathi, Sarfraz Hussain, Raj Kumar, Sourabh Sahu","doi":"10.1155/2024/2003437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2003437","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanotube-FETs (CNTFETs) have become a potential challenger because of their exceptional electrical properties and compatibility with conventional CMOS technology. The design and study of digitally tunable transconductance amplifiers (DTTAs) using CNTFETs are the main topics of this work. By utilizing the special characteristics of CNTFETs, the suggested DTTA design makes transconductance tunable, providing a versatile method of adjusting amplifier settings without requiring modifications to the hardware architecture. This study provides a complete description of the CNTFET modeling techniques utilized for realistic circuit simulations, along with a detailed analysis of the DTTA based on CNTFETs. The circuit is implemented using a 32 nm CNTFET model and verified results with HSPICE.","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of Small-Scale Irrigation on Livelihoods of Rural Farm Households in the Case of Legehida District, Ethiopia 小型灌溉对埃塞俄比亚勒格希达地区农村农户生计的影响
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9982796
Awol Hussen, Arebu Hussen
Irrigation development, particularly small-scale irrigation, is one of the most important projects for improving agricultural productivity in a country’s rural communities. The extent to which small-scale irrigation has improved household livelihoods in Ethiopia’s rural areas is not widely recognized. As a result, research on the influence of small-scale irrigation on farmers’ livelihoods in the Legehida district will be sought. The study took a “with” and “without” strategy, comparing farmers who used irrigation against those who did not. For analysis, both quantitative and qualitative data were employed. The survey’s respondents were chosen using a random sample approach from both irrigation users and nonuser households. Quantitative data for the study were collected from randomly selected 241 farm households, of which 113 were users and 128 were nonusers, using a semistructured questionnaire. Accordingly, the propensity score matching model was employed to examine the impacts of small-scale irrigation on farmers’ livelihoods. The logit model result indicates that cultivated land size, off-farm income, education level, family size, dependency ratio, total livestock unit, and distance to the nearest agricultural extension office/FTC are determinant factors in determining whether to practice irrigation when other factors remain constant. The impact of irrigation on a household’s income and food security (in terms of daily calorie intake) was evaluated using a propensity score matching model. The result shows that a positive and significant impact on farmers who use small-scale irrigation has increased the daily calorie intake and annual income of households by 244.162 kilocalories and 5234.258 ETB, respectively, as compared to nonirrigation users. This shows that households that participate in small-scale irrigation activities have a higher annual income and food security status than comparable groups. In general, the study recommends that to reduce food insecurity and the socioeconomic problems of rural households, irrigation farming is one of the viable solutions; therefore, the government and nongovernmental organizations should extensively focus on the enhancement of small-scale irrigation infrastructure, policies, strategies, and extension services to increase productivity, income, and livelihood improvement in rural households.
灌溉发展,尤其是小型灌溉,是提高一个国家农村社区农业生产力的最重要项目之一。小型灌溉在多大程度上改善了埃塞俄比亚农村地区的家庭生计尚未得到广泛认可。因此,将寻求研究小型灌溉对 Legehida 地区农民生计的影响。研究采取 "使用 "和 "不使用 "的策略,将使用灌溉的农民与不使用灌溉的农民进行比较。分析采用了定量和定性数据。调查对象从灌溉用户和非用户家庭中随机抽样选出。研究的定量数据是通过半结构式问卷从随机抽取的 241 户农户中收集的,其中 113 户为灌溉用户,128 户为非灌溉用户。因此,研究采用了倾向得分匹配模型来考察小型灌溉对农民生计的影响。Logit 模型结果表明,在其他因素保持不变的情况下,耕地面积、非农收入、教育水平、家庭规模、抚养比、牲畜总头数以及与最近的农业技术推广办公室/农技中心的距离是决定是否进行灌溉的决定性因素。采用倾向得分匹配模型评估了灌溉对家庭收入和粮食安全(按每日卡路里摄入量计算)的影响。结果表明,与未使用灌溉系统的农户相比,使用小型灌溉系统的农户的日卡路里摄入量和年收入分别增加了 244.162 千卡和 5234.258 埃提币,对农户产生了积极而显著的影响。这表明,与同类群体相比,参与小型灌溉活动的家庭的年收入和粮食安全状况更高。因此,政府和非政府组织应广泛关注加强小型灌溉基础设施、政策、战略和推广服务,以提高生产力、增加收入和改善农村家庭的生活。
{"title":"Influence of Small-Scale Irrigation on Livelihoods of Rural Farm Households in the Case of Legehida District, Ethiopia","authors":"Awol Hussen, Arebu Hussen","doi":"10.1155/2024/9982796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9982796","url":null,"abstract":"Irrigation development, particularly small-scale irrigation, is one of the most important projects for improving agricultural productivity in a country’s rural communities. The extent to which small-scale irrigation has improved household livelihoods in Ethiopia’s rural areas is not widely recognized. As a result, research on the influence of small-scale irrigation on farmers’ livelihoods in the Legehida district will be sought. The study took a “with” and “without” strategy, comparing farmers who used irrigation against those who did not. For analysis, both quantitative and qualitative data were employed. The survey’s respondents were chosen using a random sample approach from both irrigation users and nonuser households. Quantitative data for the study were collected from randomly selected 241 farm households, of which 113 were users and 128 were nonusers, using a semistructured questionnaire. Accordingly, the propensity score matching model was employed to examine the impacts of small-scale irrigation on farmers’ livelihoods. The logit model result indicates that cultivated land size, off-farm income, education level, family size, dependency ratio, total livestock unit, and distance to the nearest agricultural extension office/FTC are determinant factors in determining whether to practice irrigation when other factors remain constant. The impact of irrigation on a household’s income and food security (in terms of daily calorie intake) was evaluated using a propensity score matching model. The result shows that a positive and significant impact on farmers who use small-scale irrigation has increased the daily calorie intake and annual income of households by 244.162 kilocalories and 5234.258 ETB, respectively, as compared to nonirrigation users. This shows that households that participate in small-scale irrigation activities have a higher annual income and food security status than comparable groups. In general, the study recommends that to reduce food insecurity and the socioeconomic problems of rural households, irrigation farming is one of the viable solutions; therefore, the government and nongovernmental organizations should extensively focus on the enhancement of small-scale irrigation infrastructure, policies, strategies, and extension services to increase productivity, income, and livelihood improvement in rural households.","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"46 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
The Scientific World Journal
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1