T. Haga, Iori Taki-Takemoto, Remi Murase, D. Kamei, S. Iwai
: One of the reasons the health care system requires long-term nursing care for elderly patients is the risk of falls and fractures. In this study, we sought to identify risk factors for drug-induced falls and fractures in elderly patients in Japan. Risk factors for drug-induced falls and fractures in the elderly were analyzed by searching for the Standardised Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities （ MedDRA ） query （ SMQ ） “ accidents/injuries ” in the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database （ JADER ） , as this SMQ was the most well suited for evaluating data on falls and fractures. For elderly patients in Japan, the risk factors for drug-induced accidents/injuries include age ≥ 70 years old, female sex, and treatment with specific drugs, but not polypharmacy. risk factors with 10 highest odds were with , ; dementia therapeutic agents pain relievers sensitive risk
{"title":"Risk of Drug-Induced Accidents and Injuries in Elderly Patients Treated with Specific Drugs Rather than Polypharmacy : Analyses of the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database","authors":"T. Haga, Iori Taki-Takemoto, Remi Murase, D. Kamei, S. Iwai","doi":"10.15369/SUJMS.31.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15369/SUJMS.31.125","url":null,"abstract":": One of the reasons the health care system requires long-term nursing care for elderly patients is the risk of falls and fractures. In this study, we sought to identify risk factors for drug-induced falls and fractures in elderly patients in Japan. Risk factors for drug-induced falls and fractures in the elderly were analyzed by searching for the Standardised Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities （ MedDRA ） query （ SMQ ） “ accidents/injuries ” in the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database （ JADER ） , as this SMQ was the most well suited for evaluating data on falls and fractures. For elderly patients in Japan, the risk factors for drug-induced accidents/injuries include age ≥ 70 years old, female sex, and treatment with specific drugs, but not polypharmacy. risk factors with 10 highest odds were with , ; dementia therapeutic agents pain relievers sensitive risk","PeriodicalId":23019,"journal":{"name":"The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87939925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Masuda, Akemi Utsumi, Kentaro Ishikawa, Akiko Ishizaki, K. Kubota, Kohji Murakami, K. Tomita, Mari Takahashi, Luna Osakabe, Ayano Ogawa, Takuya Asami, Megumi Iwauchi, Shinpei Mogami, S. Hironaka
A Special Needs Dental Center (hereafter referred to as the Center) was established at Showa University Dental Hospital in April 2012 to treat patients who need special care. In cooperation with the Division of Dentistry for Persons with Disabilities, the Division of Hygiene and Oral Health is mainly engaged in the treatment of patients with eating and swallowing disorders. It has been ve years since the establishment of the Center. The present study was aimed to establish an effective medical support method through a comparative study of changes in patient trends. A total of 65 patients who visited the Center from April 2017 to March 2018 were examined and their statistics were compared with those of 60 previously reported patients who initially visited the Center for medical examination in 2012. In 2012, many visits occurred during the nursing period; however, in 2017, the number of patients who visited after the weaning period increased. Other noted trends were increased diversity in primary disease, more patient referrals, fewer patients with severe swallowing dysfunction, and more patients with oral dysfunction. The necessity of eating and swallowing practice is thought to increase when lifestyle and oral environment change. The treatment of eating and swallowing disorders is important in the dental profession. Due to the introduction of insurance coverage in Japan in 2018 for developmental insuf ciency of oral function, more pediatric patients with eating and swallowing disorders will likely be treated in the future.
{"title":"Changes in Pediatric Patient Trends in Eating and Swallowing Disorders: A Comparison between the First and Fifth Year after Establishment of the Special Needs Dental Center","authors":"E. Masuda, Akemi Utsumi, Kentaro Ishikawa, Akiko Ishizaki, K. Kubota, Kohji Murakami, K. Tomita, Mari Takahashi, Luna Osakabe, Ayano Ogawa, Takuya Asami, Megumi Iwauchi, Shinpei Mogami, S. Hironaka","doi":"10.15369/sujms.31.329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15369/sujms.31.329","url":null,"abstract":"A Special Needs Dental Center (hereafter referred to as the Center) was established at Showa University Dental Hospital in April 2012 to treat patients who need special care. In cooperation with the Division of Dentistry for Persons with Disabilities, the Division of Hygiene and Oral Health is mainly engaged in the treatment of patients with eating and swallowing disorders. It has been ve years since the establishment of the Center. The present study was aimed to establish an effective medical support method through a comparative study of changes in patient trends. A total of 65 patients who visited the Center from April 2017 to March 2018 were examined and their statistics were compared with those of 60 previously reported patients who initially visited the Center for medical examination in 2012. In 2012, many visits occurred during the nursing period; however, in 2017, the number of patients who visited after the weaning period increased. Other noted trends were increased diversity in primary disease, more patient referrals, fewer patients with severe swallowing dysfunction, and more patients with oral dysfunction. The necessity of eating and swallowing practice is thought to increase when lifestyle and oral environment change. The treatment of eating and swallowing disorders is important in the dental profession. Due to the introduction of insurance coverage in Japan in 2018 for developmental insuf ciency of oral function, more pediatric patients with eating and swallowing disorders will likely be treated in the future.","PeriodicalId":23019,"journal":{"name":"The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83602884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haruna Shirako, Yuko Udaka, Akiko Sasaki, S. Nakamura, Mayumi Tsuji, Y. Kiuchi
: Osteoarthritis is a complicated clinical condition affected by age, mechanical stress, cartilage hypertrophy, cytokines, and genetic predisposition. In this study, we compared the effects of various anti-inflammatory analgesics on mechanical stress-induced inflammation in a synovial sarcoma cell line （ SW982 cells ） . SW982 cells exposed to mechanical stress by shaking with hydroxyapatite-simulating bone chips were treated with acetaminophen, ketoprofen, triamcinolone acetonide, celecoxib, or neurotrophin for 48 hr. The expression of integrin α 5 β 1 receptor, observed in fibroblasts and synovium, was evaluated. Levels of the transcription factor, nuclear factor- κ B, the inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor- α , the proteolytic enzyme, matrix metalloproteinase-3, and prostaglandin E 2 , which is associated with pain and arachidonate cascade product levels, were measured by ELISA. The expression of integrin α 5 β 1 was significantly increased by mechanical stress. Activation of nuclear factor- κ B by mechanical stress was significantly suppressed by celecoxib only. Mechanical stress-induced increases in tumor necrosis factor- α and matrix metalloproteinase-3 levels were significantly suppressed by acetaminophen, triamcinolone acetonide, and neurotrophin. mechanical stress-induced increase in prostaglandin E 2 levels was significantly suppressed by acetaminophen, ketoprofen, and celecoxib. 1, a membrane receptor protein that binds to fibronectin and the extracellular matrix, and is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and neovascularization in osteoarthritis, was significantly upregulated. Following evaluation using this model, acetaminophen was found to possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and joint-destruction suppression properties. This drug may, therefore, have applications in the treatment of mechanical stress-induced inflammation.
{"title":"Comparison of Anti-Inflammatory Analgesics for Mechanical Stress-induced Inflammation in a Human Synovial Sarcoma Cell Line","authors":"Haruna Shirako, Yuko Udaka, Akiko Sasaki, S. Nakamura, Mayumi Tsuji, Y. Kiuchi","doi":"10.15369/SUJMS.31.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15369/SUJMS.31.51","url":null,"abstract":": Osteoarthritis is a complicated clinical condition affected by age, mechanical stress, cartilage hypertrophy, cytokines, and genetic predisposition. In this study, we compared the effects of various anti-inflammatory analgesics on mechanical stress-induced inflammation in a synovial sarcoma cell line （ SW982 cells ） . SW982 cells exposed to mechanical stress by shaking with hydroxyapatite-simulating bone chips were treated with acetaminophen, ketoprofen, triamcinolone acetonide, celecoxib, or neurotrophin for 48 hr. The expression of integrin α 5 β 1 receptor, observed in fibroblasts and synovium, was evaluated. Levels of the transcription factor, nuclear factor- κ B, the inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor- α , the proteolytic enzyme, matrix metalloproteinase-3, and prostaglandin E 2 , which is associated with pain and arachidonate cascade product levels, were measured by ELISA. The expression of integrin α 5 β 1 was significantly increased by mechanical stress. Activation of nuclear factor- κ B by mechanical stress was significantly suppressed by celecoxib only. Mechanical stress-induced increases in tumor necrosis factor- α and matrix metalloproteinase-3 levels were significantly suppressed by acetaminophen, triamcinolone acetonide, and neurotrophin. mechanical stress-induced increase in prostaglandin E 2 levels was significantly suppressed by acetaminophen, ketoprofen, and celecoxib. 1, a membrane receptor protein that binds to fibronectin and the extracellular matrix, and is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and neovascularization in osteoarthritis, was significantly upregulated. Following evaluation using this model, acetaminophen was found to possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and joint-destruction suppression properties. This drug may, therefore, have applications in the treatment of mechanical stress-induced inflammation.","PeriodicalId":23019,"journal":{"name":"The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77391210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Goto, Makoto Ohara, Naoya Osaka, Tomoki Fujikawa, Yo Kohata, H. Nagaike, Ayako Fukase, Hideki Kushima, Munenori Hiromura, Takeshi Yamamoto, Toshiyuki Hayashi, Tomoyasu Fukui, T. Hirano
We evaluated the effects of glucose metabolism and blood pressure (BP) variability on cardiac diastolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and hypertension. A total of 23 inpatients with T2DM underwent ambulatory BP monitoring(ABPM) and echocardiography. BP variability was assessed by measuring the mean BP and the standard deviation(SD) of systolic and diastolic BP over 24 hours, as well as daytime and nighttime ABPM. Cardiac diastolic function was assessed using the echocardiography E/e′ ratio. Participants had a mean age of 69.0±10.6 years, disease duration of 11.0±10.5 years, glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c) of 8.2%±1.3%, and glycated albumin(GA) of 22.0%± 4.2%. Univariate analysis showed that the nighttime systolic BP, nighttime SDs of systolic and diastolic BP, urinary albumin, estimated glomerular ltration rate, and GA / HbA1c ratio were all signi cantly correlated with the E/e′ ratio. Moreover, stepwise multiple regression analysis identi ed nighttime SD of diastolic BP, urinary albumin, and GA / HbA1c ratio as independent contributors to the E/e′ ratio. In patients with T2DM and hypertension, cardiac diastolic function was associated with nighttime diastolic BP variability and the GA / HbA1c ratio.
{"title":"Associations of Glucose and Blood Pressure Variability with Cardiac Diastolic Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension: A Retrospective Observational Study","authors":"S. Goto, Makoto Ohara, Naoya Osaka, Tomoki Fujikawa, Yo Kohata, H. Nagaike, Ayako Fukase, Hideki Kushima, Munenori Hiromura, Takeshi Yamamoto, Toshiyuki Hayashi, Tomoyasu Fukui, T. Hirano","doi":"10.15369/SUJMS.31.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15369/SUJMS.31.139","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluated the effects of glucose metabolism and blood pressure (BP) variability on cardiac diastolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and hypertension. A total of 23 inpatients with T2DM underwent ambulatory BP monitoring(ABPM) and echocardiography. BP variability was assessed by measuring the mean BP and the standard deviation(SD) of systolic and diastolic BP over 24 hours, as well as daytime and nighttime ABPM. Cardiac diastolic function was assessed using the echocardiography E/e′ ratio. Participants had a mean age of 69.0±10.6 years, disease duration of 11.0±10.5 years, glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c) of 8.2%±1.3%, and glycated albumin(GA) of 22.0%± 4.2%. Univariate analysis showed that the nighttime systolic BP, nighttime SDs of systolic and diastolic BP, urinary albumin, estimated glomerular ltration rate, and GA / HbA1c ratio were all signi cantly correlated with the E/e′ ratio. Moreover, stepwise multiple regression analysis identi ed nighttime SD of diastolic BP, urinary albumin, and GA / HbA1c ratio as independent contributors to the E/e′ ratio. In patients with T2DM and hypertension, cardiac diastolic function was associated with nighttime diastolic BP variability and the GA / HbA1c ratio.","PeriodicalId":23019,"journal":{"name":"The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91224456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoshiko Kudo, H. Oyamada, Tomoyuki Matsuoka, Ayami Inagaki, Hiromichi Tsuchiya, Yoko Ao, Atsushi Michael Kimura, Mayumi Tsuji, K. Oguchi, Y. Kiuchi
: Gene silencing by RNA interference （ RNAi ） is widely used for assessing gene function. field the discovery that plasmid-based RNAi for synthetic small interfering RNA in vitro and in vivo we confirmed functional recombination of the floxed sequence of loxP-like TATA-lox by analysing restriction enzyme-digested fragments. This all-in-one double-conditional shRNA expression vector will be useful for reversible in vitro and in vivo knockdown of target gene expression, in target cells via promoter-specific expression of NCre, and at specific times by tetracycline application.
{"title":"Construction of an All-in-one Double-conditional shRNA Expression Vector","authors":"Yoshiko Kudo, H. Oyamada, Tomoyuki Matsuoka, Ayami Inagaki, Hiromichi Tsuchiya, Yoko Ao, Atsushi Michael Kimura, Mayumi Tsuji, K. Oguchi, Y. Kiuchi","doi":"10.15369/SUJMS.31.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15369/SUJMS.31.41","url":null,"abstract":": Gene silencing by RNA interference （ RNAi ） is widely used for assessing gene function. field the discovery that plasmid-based RNAi for synthetic small interfering RNA in vitro and in vivo we confirmed functional recombination of the floxed sequence of loxP-like TATA-lox by analysing restriction enzyme-digested fragments. This all-in-one double-conditional shRNA expression vector will be useful for reversible in vitro and in vivo knockdown of target gene expression, in target cells via promoter-specific expression of NCre, and at specific times by tetracycline application.","PeriodicalId":23019,"journal":{"name":"The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85967695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toshihiko Gocho, Hiromichi Tsuchiya, Shotaro Kamijo, Y. Yamazaki, Akiko Sasaki, Y. Kiuchi
The anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody (Ab) is a molecularly targeted Ab for cancer therapy. In the eld of breast cancer, approximately 20% overexpress HER2 protein. However, the recurrence rate is 30% and the metastasis rate is 18% one year after treatment of anti-HER2 Ab for HER2 positive breast cancer. The resistance to Ab treatment is a major problem for patients. We previously reported that anti-HER2 Ab and Gamma Interferon (IFN-γ) combined therapy show a higher anti-tumor effect than typical therapy in in vitro and in vivo mouse experiments. In this study, we evaluated whether anti-HER2 Ab and IFN-γ combined therapy shows a good synergistic effect against drug-resistant HER2 positive breast cancer cells and a higher antitumor effect than chemotherapy as a conventional clinical treatment. Further, we evaluated a synergy effect with the PD-L1 as a new check point inhibitor. The resistant cell lines were made under the continuous presence of Ab until cell growth was not affected by the drug. The resistant cells were divided into the appropriate number of groups, and then treated with anti-cancer therapy. We evaluated the antitumor effect for both the in vitro study and in vivo mouse xenograft model prepared with the same immunogenicity. The differences of immuno uorescence staining of CD8, Gr-1 and PDL-1 in tissues were investigated, especially in relation to the immune system. The combined therapy showed a signi cantly higher antitumor effect than other groups in in vitro and in vivo experiments. The combined therapy affected anti-tumor immunity in this immunofluorescence experiment. Taken together, we showed the possibility that combined therapy could be an effective treatment option for anti-HER2 Ab resistant breast cancer, thus helping patients suffering from cancer progression after developing treatment resistance.
{"title":"The Synergistic Antitumor Effect of Combined Anti-Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Antibody and Gamma Interferon Therapy on Antibody-resistant Breast Cancer Cells","authors":"Toshihiko Gocho, Hiromichi Tsuchiya, Shotaro Kamijo, Y. Yamazaki, Akiko Sasaki, Y. Kiuchi","doi":"10.15369/sujms.31.237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15369/sujms.31.237","url":null,"abstract":"The anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody (Ab) is a molecularly targeted Ab for cancer therapy. In the eld of breast cancer, approximately 20% overexpress HER2 protein. However, the recurrence rate is 30% and the metastasis rate is 18% one year after treatment of anti-HER2 Ab for HER2 positive breast cancer. The resistance to Ab treatment is a major problem for patients. We previously reported that anti-HER2 Ab and Gamma Interferon (IFN-γ) combined therapy show a higher anti-tumor effect than typical therapy in in vitro and in vivo mouse experiments. In this study, we evaluated whether anti-HER2 Ab and IFN-γ combined therapy shows a good synergistic effect against drug-resistant HER2 positive breast cancer cells and a higher antitumor effect than chemotherapy as a conventional clinical treatment. Further, we evaluated a synergy effect with the PD-L1 as a new check point inhibitor. The resistant cell lines were made under the continuous presence of Ab until cell growth was not affected by the drug. The resistant cells were divided into the appropriate number of groups, and then treated with anti-cancer therapy. We evaluated the antitumor effect for both the in vitro study and in vivo mouse xenograft model prepared with the same immunogenicity. The differences of immuno uorescence staining of CD8, Gr-1 and PDL-1 in tissues were investigated, especially in relation to the immune system. The combined therapy showed a signi cantly higher antitumor effect than other groups in in vitro and in vivo experiments. The combined therapy affected anti-tumor immunity in this immunofluorescence experiment. Taken together, we showed the possibility that combined therapy could be an effective treatment option for anti-HER2 Ab resistant breast cancer, thus helping patients suffering from cancer progression after developing treatment resistance.","PeriodicalId":23019,"journal":{"name":"The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90700477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The rhizome of Dioscorea tokoro has been used in China to alleviate the pain of rheumatic disorders of the knees and hips, but the active component has not been clarified. In order to determine its pharmacological activity, we isolated and characterized the structure of the constituents of the Dioscorea tokoro rhizome by means of column chromatography and spectral analysis. As a result, two new furostanol saponins, protoyononin （ D8 ） and protocompound x （ D12 ） , were isolated from the Dioscorea tokoro rhizome, along with ten known spirostanol and furostanol derivatives, namely, dioscin, gracillin, yononin, tokorogenin, tokoronin, compound x, protoyonogenin, protodioscin, protogra cillin and prototokoronin. The structures of D8 and D12 were determined based on chemical and spectral methods and characterized as 26- O - β - D -glucopyranosyl （ 25 R ） -2 β ,3 α ,22 ξ ,26-tetrahydroxyfurost-2- O - α - L -arabinopyranside （ protoyononin ） and 26- O - β - D -glucopyranosyl （ 25 R ） -1 β ,2 β ,3 α ,22 ξ ,26-pentahydroxyfurost-1- O - β - D -glucopyranside （ protocompound x ） .
山药的根茎在中国已被用于缓解膝关节和髋关节风湿性疾病的疼痛，但其有效成分尚未明确。为确定其药理活性，采用柱层析和光谱分析等方法对薯蓣根茎中各成分进行了分离和结构表征。结果表明，从薯蓣根茎中分离得到了两个新的糠甾醇皂苷原yononin (D8)和原化合物x (D12)，以及十个已知的螺甾醇和糠甾醇衍生物，分别为薯蓣皂苷、格列西林、yononin、tokorogenin、化合物x、protoyonogenin、protodiooscin、protogra cillin和protokoronin。D8的结构和D12是决定基于化学和光谱方法和描述为26 - O -β- D -glucopyranosyl (R) 25日2β,3α,22ξ,26-tetrahydroxyfurost-2 - O -α- L -arabinopyranside (protoyononin)和26 - O -β- D -glucopyranosyl (R) 25日1β,β2,3α,22ξ,26-pentahydroxyfurost-1 - O -β- D -glucopyranside (protocompound x)。
{"title":"Studies on the Constituents of the Dioscorea tokoro Rhizome","authors":"Y. Hirai","doi":"10.15369/SUJMS.31.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15369/SUJMS.31.151","url":null,"abstract":": The rhizome of Dioscorea tokoro has been used in China to alleviate the pain of rheumatic disorders of the knees and hips, but the active component has not been clarified. In order to determine its pharmacological activity, we isolated and characterized the structure of the constituents of the Dioscorea tokoro rhizome by means of column chromatography and spectral analysis. As a result, two new furostanol saponins, protoyononin （ D8 ） and protocompound x （ D12 ） , were isolated from the Dioscorea tokoro rhizome, along with ten known spirostanol and furostanol derivatives, namely, dioscin, gracillin, yononin, tokorogenin, tokoronin, compound x, protoyonogenin, protodioscin, protogra cillin and prototokoronin. The structures of D8 and D12 were determined based on chemical and spectral methods and characterized as 26- O - β - D -glucopyranosyl （ 25 R ） -2 β ,3 α ,22 ξ ,26-tetrahydroxyfurost-2- O - α - L -arabinopyranside （ protoyononin ） and 26- O - β - D -glucopyranosyl （ 25 R ） -1 β ,2 β ,3 α ,22 ξ ,26-pentahydroxyfurost-1- O - β - D -glucopyranside （ protocompound x ） .","PeriodicalId":23019,"journal":{"name":"The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90270185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Koshibu, Y. Mori, Hideki Kushima, Munenori Hiromura, Kyoko Kohashi, Michishige Terasaki, Naoya Osaka, Tomoki Fujikawa, Tomoyasu Fukui, T. Hirano
: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists （ GLP-1RAs ） have been shown to exert anti-atherosclerotic effects via multiple mechanisms on different types of cells. However, it is unclear which of these mechanisms are crucial. We investigated the role of vascular endothelial cells （ VECs ） in the anti-atherogenic effects of the GLP-1RA liraglutide in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. were randomly assigned to treatment with either vehicle （ saline ） or liraglutide （ 107 nmol/kg/day ） , and were subjected to femoral artery wire injury to remove VECs. glucose ＞ 300 hemoglobin A1c levels of ＞ 9 ％ , indicating the had induced severe hyperglycemia. cholesterol, and triglycerides between the and plaques were observed ; however, severe plaque formation occurred in femoral arteries that had been injured by wire insertion to remove VECs. Unlike in the uninjured aorta, liraglutide treatment did not affect plaque volume or arterial remodeling （ intimal and medial thinning, and arterial dilation ） in wire-injured femoral arteries. Of the various cells that liraglutide affects, VECs play a central role in liraglutide ʼ s anti-atherogenic effects in diabetic mice.
{"title":"Involvement of Vascular Endothelial Cells in the Anti-atherogenic Effects of Liraglutide in Diabetic Apolipoprotein E-null Mice","authors":"M. Koshibu, Y. Mori, Hideki Kushima, Munenori Hiromura, Kyoko Kohashi, Michishige Terasaki, Naoya Osaka, Tomoki Fujikawa, Tomoyasu Fukui, T. Hirano","doi":"10.15369/SUJMS.31.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15369/SUJMS.31.115","url":null,"abstract":": Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists （ GLP-1RAs ） have been shown to exert anti-atherosclerotic effects via multiple mechanisms on different types of cells. However, it is unclear which of these mechanisms are crucial. We investigated the role of vascular endothelial cells （ VECs ） in the anti-atherogenic effects of the GLP-1RA liraglutide in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. were randomly assigned to treatment with either vehicle （ saline ） or liraglutide （ 107 nmol/kg/day ） , and were subjected to femoral artery wire injury to remove VECs. glucose ＞ 300 hemoglobin A1c levels of ＞ 9 ％ , indicating the had induced severe hyperglycemia. cholesterol, and triglycerides between the and plaques were observed ; however, severe plaque formation occurred in femoral arteries that had been injured by wire insertion to remove VECs. Unlike in the uninjured aorta, liraglutide treatment did not affect plaque volume or arterial remodeling （ intimal and medial thinning, and arterial dilation ） in wire-injured femoral arteries. Of the various cells that liraglutide affects, VECs play a central role in liraglutide ʼ s anti-atherogenic effects in diabetic mice.","PeriodicalId":23019,"journal":{"name":"The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87160698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 28-year-old man had right elbow pain just as he was throwing his usual fastball from the pitcher’s mound while playing a recreational baseball game. He had tenderness and swelling at the site of the olecranon without a history of trauma, previous elbow pain, instability or degenerative change in his elbow. An olecranon stress fracture was diagnosed caused by an impaction force during the throwing motion. Open reduction and internal xation using tension band wiring was performed. Bone union was achieved and he returned to playing baseball as a pitcher. We report our case along with some discussion of the literature.
{"title":"A Case of Olecranon Stress Fracture Caused by Throwing Motion","authors":"Masayori Fujita, T. Yamamura, K. Inagaki","doi":"10.15369/sujms.31.293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15369/sujms.31.293","url":null,"abstract":"A 28-year-old man had right elbow pain just as he was throwing his usual fastball from the pitcher’s mound while playing a recreational baseball game. He had tenderness and swelling at the site of the olecranon without a history of trauma, previous elbow pain, instability or degenerative change in his elbow. An olecranon stress fracture was diagnosed caused by an impaction force during the throwing motion. Open reduction and internal xation using tension band wiring was performed. Bone union was achieved and he returned to playing baseball as a pitcher. We report our case along with some discussion of the literature.","PeriodicalId":23019,"journal":{"name":"The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86717278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Antimicrobial activity is necessary for dental prosthetic devices to maintain oral and systemic health in elderly people wearing prostheses. In par-ticular, dental prosthetic devices with antifungal properties are urgently needed to prevent aspiration pneumonia. However, practical application methods to deliver antimicrobial properties to dental prosthetic devices have not yet been established. Therefore, in this study we aimed to fix protamine on titanium plates treated with silica coating using a Silano-Pen, and to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the titanium plates against Candida albicans. Strong antifungal properties were obtained by soaking titanium plates in an aqueous protamine solution after silica coating treatment. Since this brand-new method is simple, its practical application is expected in the near future.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Property of Titanium Plates Treated with Silica-Bound Protamine","authors":"H. Owada, H. Narusawa, Y. Kataoka, T. Miyazaki","doi":"10.15369/SUJMS.31.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15369/SUJMS.31.159","url":null,"abstract":": Antimicrobial activity is necessary for dental prosthetic devices to maintain oral and systemic health in elderly people wearing prostheses. In par-ticular, dental prosthetic devices with antifungal properties are urgently needed to prevent aspiration pneumonia. However, practical application methods to deliver antimicrobial properties to dental prosthetic devices have not yet been established. Therefore, in this study we aimed to fix protamine on titanium plates treated with silica coating using a Silano-Pen, and to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the titanium plates against Candida albicans. Strong antifungal properties were obtained by soaking titanium plates in an aqueous protamine solution after silica coating treatment. Since this brand-new method is simple, its practical application is expected in the near future.","PeriodicalId":23019,"journal":{"name":"The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74321734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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