Eri Makihara, S. Masumi, M. Arita, S. Kawagishi, K. Yoshino, K. Onizuka, K. Wakuda, Fumihiko Sakamoto
The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in tongue movement function between young and elderly subjects . We developed a tongue −movement measuring device and which was used with 3 young subjects and 3 elderly subjects to measure the duratiQn of two types of tasks (anteroposterior and lateral movements ). In bQth movements , the duration measured for elderly subjects pro▽ed to be longer than that for young subjects . In both groups , the duration Df the first trial of each task was longer than that of the second or the third triaL These results suggested that tongue movement functionality for elderly subjects was lQwer than that for young subjects , and tongue movement function was improved by repeating the sarne task, Key words : Tongue movement function/Elderly/Movernent exercise 工工 一leotronio ibra y Kyushu Dental Society NII-Electronic Library Service yushu ental o iety 一 154 一 九州歯会誌 第 60巻第 6号 20G7 抄 録 高齢化社会 お い て 摂食 ・嚥 F障害 へ の 対応 は重要な課題 で あ る.今 回,舌運動機能を 評価 する方法 と して 舌運動機能測定器を試作 し , 検査 者が指示 した タ ス ク (左右運動お よび前後運動)を各被験者 に 行わせ ,こ れ に要す る時間に っ い て 若年者群 お よび高齢者群問で 比較す る こ と に よ り,両者間 にお け る 舌運動機能 の 相違 に っ い て 評価 した.また,同一 タ ス クを繰 り返 す こ とに よ る学習効果 に つ い て も両群 間 の 比較を行 っ た と こ ろ,呈示 した舌運 動に 要す る平均時間 は高齢者群が若年者群 よ りも長 く, 同 一 運 動を繰 り返す こ と に よ り , 各被験者 に学習効果 が認 め られ,各 タ ス ク の 所用時間が 短縮 さ れ る こ とが わ か っ た. キ ー ワ ー ド: 琶運 動機能/高齢者/学習効果
{"title":"Evaluation of Tongue Movement Function and the Effect of Tongue Movement Exercise","authors":"Eri Makihara, S. Masumi, M. Arita, S. Kawagishi, K. Yoshino, K. Onizuka, K. Wakuda, Fumihiko Sakamoto","doi":"10.2504/kds.60.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2504/kds.60.153","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in tongue movement function between young and elderly subjects . We developed a tongue −movement measuring device and which was used with 3 young subjects and 3 elderly subjects to measure the duratiQn of two types of tasks (anteroposterior and lateral movements ). In bQth movements , the duration measured for elderly subjects pro▽ed to be longer than that for young subjects . In both groups , the duration Df the first trial of each task was longer than that of the second or the third triaL These results suggested that tongue movement functionality for elderly subjects was lQwer than that for young subjects , and tongue movement function was improved by repeating the sarne task, Key words : Tongue movement function/Elderly/Movernent exercise 工工 一leotronio ibra y Kyushu Dental Society NII-Electronic Library Service yushu ental o iety 一 154 一 九州歯会誌 第 60巻第 6号 20G7 抄 録 高齢化社会 お い て 摂食 ・嚥 F障害 へ の 対応 は重要な課題 で あ る.今 回,舌運動機能を 評価 する方法 と して 舌運動機能測定器を試作 し , 検査 者が指示 した タ ス ク (左右運動お よび前後運動)を各被験者 に 行わせ ,こ れ に要す る時間に っ い て 若年者群 お よび高齢者群問で 比較す る こ と に よ り,両者間 にお け る 舌運動機能 の 相違 に っ い て 評価 した.また,同一 タ ス クを繰 り返 す こ とに よ る学習効果 に つ い て も両群 間 の 比較を行 っ た と こ ろ,呈示 した舌運 動に 要す る平均時間 は高齢者群が若年者群 よ りも長 く, 同 一 運 動を繰 り返す こ と に よ り , 各被験者 に学習効果 が認 め られ,各 タ ス ク の 所用時間が 短縮 さ れ る こ とが わ か っ た. キ ー ワ ー ド: 琶運 動機能/高齢者/学習効果","PeriodicalId":23086,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The Kyushu Dental Society","volume":"22 1","pages":"153-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75866435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 1994 we developed a useful new subject for the sixth-year dental students, "The Brain Science of Dentistry", which included lectures and laboratory practice concerning the relation between feeding and brain functions. As an example of the contents of the lectures, how dental pulp neurons were discovered in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus will be described.It has been generally accepted that the tooth pulp is supplied by small myelinated Aδ and unmyelinated C fibers, which elsewhere in the body are involved in nociception. However, several histological and physiological studies have shown the presence of a substantial proportion of pulpal afferents with conduction velocities and diameters which would be expected for Aβ processes. Additionally, a related structure, the periodontal ligament, has been demonstrated to receive a dual innervation from the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MTN). Based on these findings, we suspected the existence of afferent processes innervating the tooth pulp whose cell bodies are part of the MTN. We examined this possibility in the adult cat using retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). There are at least two decisive problems to overcome if one is to demonstrate HRP-labeled tooth pulp neurons in the TG and MTN after depositing HRP in pulp chambers of the permanent teeth:(1) preventing an inhibition of axonal transport of HRP due to acute pulpitis following the surgical procedures required to apply HRP to pulp tissues, and (2) controlling leakage of HRP through the apical foramina into the surrounding periodontal tissues. To solve the first problem, prednisolone, an anti-inflammatory synthetic steroid, was given (5 mg/kg, i.m.) immediately after surgery and every 12 h throughout the survival period of 3 days. In all prednisolone-treated cats, a considerable number of labeled neurons were found in both the TG and MTN, ipsilaterally. On the other hand, no labeled neurons were observed in the MTN in cats receiving no steroids. To check the presence of HRP leakage, we used two techniques. All teeth injected with HRP and the surrounding alveolar bone were decalcified, sectioned serially, and processed using the TMB technique. Examination under dark-field illumination revealed no evidence of HRP spread as far distally as the apical foramina and periodontal ligaments. The HRP-gel implant method is considered to be easier for localizing the spread of HRP, compared to the fluid injection method. In two additional steroid-treated cats, 1μl of 30% HRP entrapped in 5% polyacrylamide gel was placed in the pulp horn of the mandibular left canine. This procedure resulted in the labeling of 10 and 13 MTN neurons in the respective cats. When the number of HRP-labeled tooth pulp neurons in the MTN and TG were compared among five different mammalian species (rats, rabbits, cats, dogs, and monkeys), a conspicuous species difference was found in the tooth pulp innervation by th
{"title":"An Introduction to the Brain Science of Dentistry: The Story of the Discovery of Mesencephalic Trigeminal Primary Neurons Innervating Tooth Pulp","authors":"N. Amano","doi":"10.2504/KDS.61.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2504/KDS.61.1","url":null,"abstract":"In 1994 we developed a useful new subject for the sixth-year dental students, \"The Brain Science of Dentistry\", which included lectures and laboratory practice concerning the relation between feeding and brain functions. As an example of the contents of the lectures, how dental pulp neurons were discovered in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus will be described.It has been generally accepted that the tooth pulp is supplied by small myelinated Aδ and unmyelinated C fibers, which elsewhere in the body are involved in nociception. However, several histological and physiological studies have shown the presence of a substantial proportion of pulpal afferents with conduction velocities and diameters which would be expected for Aβ processes. Additionally, a related structure, the periodontal ligament, has been demonstrated to receive a dual innervation from the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MTN). Based on these findings, we suspected the existence of afferent processes innervating the tooth pulp whose cell bodies are part of the MTN. We examined this possibility in the adult cat using retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). There are at least two decisive problems to overcome if one is to demonstrate HRP-labeled tooth pulp neurons in the TG and MTN after depositing HRP in pulp chambers of the permanent teeth:(1) preventing an inhibition of axonal transport of HRP due to acute pulpitis following the surgical procedures required to apply HRP to pulp tissues, and (2) controlling leakage of HRP through the apical foramina into the surrounding periodontal tissues. To solve the first problem, prednisolone, an anti-inflammatory synthetic steroid, was given (5 mg/kg, i.m.) immediately after surgery and every 12 h throughout the survival period of 3 days. In all prednisolone-treated cats, a considerable number of labeled neurons were found in both the TG and MTN, ipsilaterally. On the other hand, no labeled neurons were observed in the MTN in cats receiving no steroids. To check the presence of HRP leakage, we used two techniques. All teeth injected with HRP and the surrounding alveolar bone were decalcified, sectioned serially, and processed using the TMB technique. Examination under dark-field illumination revealed no evidence of HRP spread as far distally as the apical foramina and periodontal ligaments. The HRP-gel implant method is considered to be easier for localizing the spread of HRP, compared to the fluid injection method. In two additional steroid-treated cats, 1μl of 30% HRP entrapped in 5% polyacrylamide gel was placed in the pulp horn of the mandibular left canine. This procedure resulted in the labeling of 10 and 13 MTN neurons in the respective cats. When the number of HRP-labeled tooth pulp neurons in the MTN and TG were compared among five different mammalian species (rats, rabbits, cats, dogs, and monkeys), a conspicuous species difference was found in the tooth pulp innervation by th","PeriodicalId":23086,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The Kyushu Dental Society","volume":"228 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72739142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"1. Effect of jaw position on forced maximum inspiratory airflow in Japanese normal subjects and patients with sleep apnea syndrome","authors":"H. Tsuda","doi":"10.2504/KDS.60.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2504/KDS.60.140","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23086,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The Kyushu Dental Society","volume":"21 1","pages":"140-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75092449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Involvement of caspase-8 and -9 in apotosis in macrophages infected with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans through caspase-3 activation","authors":"Emi Harada","doi":"10.2504/KDS.60.142_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2504/KDS.60.142_2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23086,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The Kyushu Dental Society","volume":"8 1","pages":"142-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84195479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Basis for Evidence Accumulation in the Field of Dentures and Occlusions","authors":"S. Minagi","doi":"10.2504/KDS.60.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2504/KDS.60.103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23086,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The Kyushu Dental Society","volume":"281 1","pages":"103-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77438749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ス と p50 欠損 マ ウ ス を交配 し,野生型, aly , p50 − / 一,お よ び aly /p50 − / 一 マ ウ ス を作出 した.各 々 の マ ウ ス の ・軟 X 線撮影,骨密度測定お よ び組織学的検討を行 な っ た.・胸腺 およ び脾細胞 の T,B 細胞 の 分化を FACS で 解析 した.・脾 細胞を RANKL で刺激し , 破骨細胞を誘導し た . aly /p50−/一マ ウ ス は , 他の マ ウ ス と比較 して , ・著し い 成長障害 と 骨硬化症 を 呈 し た が,骨組織 に破骨細胞 は 存在 し た.歯 は 萌出 し た が,エ ナ メル 質形成不全 が 認 め られ た.・B 細胞 の 分化 が 抑制 され た.・RANKL 刺激 に よ る 破骨細胞形成 は 完全 に 抑制 され た.破骨細胞分化 に は p52 の 前駆体 p100 の プ ロ セ シ ン グ で は な く, p100 が 存在す る こ と が 重 . 要で あ る可能性が 示唆 され た. The role of NF一κ B on osteoclast differentiation and tooth development Eijiro Jimi, Wataru Masuda and Sueko Hayashi (Division of M61ecular Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental College) The transcription factor nuclear factor 一κ B (NF 一κB)participates in the expression of a wide variety of gerles that are involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses , proliferation, tumorgenesis and survival . Gene targeting of p50 and p52 subunits of NF 一κ B have shown that NF一κ Bhas a critical role in osteoclast differentiation . However . the molecular mechanism by which NF .rcB
将鼠和p50缺损鼠交配，培育出野生型、aly、p50 - /一和aly /p50 - /一。对各种小鼠进行了软X线摄影、骨密度测定及组织学研究·利用FACS分析了胸腺及脾细胞的T、B细胞分化·RANKL脾细胞的刺激，诱导破骨细胞的. aly /p50呈慢性生长障碍和骨硬化症，但骨组织中存在破骨细胞。牙齿虽然萌出了，但是确认了牙髓质形成不全。·B细胞的分化被抑制。RANKL刺激下的破骨细胞形成被完全抑制。破骨细胞分化中存在p100，而不是p52的前体p100。提示了关键。The role of NF κ B on osteoclast differentiation and tooth development EijiroJimi, Wataru Masuda和Sueko Hayashi (Division of M61ecular Biochemistry，Kyushu Dental College) The transcription factor nuclear factor κB participates in Theexpression of a wide variety of gerles that are involved in the regulation of immune andinflammatory responses, proliferation，tumorgenesis and survival . Gene targeting of p50 and p52 subunits of NF一κ B have shown that NF一κBhas a critical role in osteoclast differentiation . However . the molecular mechanism by which NF. rcb
{"title":"17. The role of NF-κB on osteoclast differentiation and tooth development","authors":"E. Jimi, W. Masuda, S. Hayashi","doi":"10.2504/kds.60.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2504/kds.60.72","url":null,"abstract":"ス と p50 欠損 マ ウ ス を交配 し,野生型, aly , p50 − / 一,お よ び aly /p50 − / 一 マ ウ ス を作出 した.各 々 の マ ウ ス の ・軟 X 線撮影,骨密度測定お よ び組織学的検討を行 な っ た.・胸腺 およ び脾細胞 の T,B 細胞 の 分化を FACS で 解析 した.・脾 細胞を RANKL で刺激し , 破骨細胞を誘導し た . aly /p50−/一マ ウ ス は , 他の マ ウ ス と比較 して , ・著し い 成長障害 と 骨硬化症 を 呈 し た が,骨組織 に破骨細胞 は 存在 し た.歯 は 萌出 し た が,エ ナ メル 質形成不全 が 認 め られ た.・B 細胞 の 分化 が 抑制 され た.・RANKL 刺激 に よ る 破骨細胞形成 は 完全 に 抑制 され た.破骨細胞分化 に は p52 の 前駆体 p100 の プ ロ セ シ ン グ で は な く, p100 が 存在す る こ と が 重 . 要で あ る可能性が 示唆 され た. The role of NF一κ B on osteoclast differentiation and tooth development Eijiro Jimi, Wataru Masuda and Sueko Hayashi (Division of M61ecular Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental College) The transcription factor nuclear factor 一κ B (NF 一κB)participates in the expression of a wide variety of gerles that are involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses , proliferation, tumorgenesis and survival . Gene targeting of p50 and p52 subunits of NF 一κ B have shown that NF一κ Bhas a critical role in osteoclast differentiation . However . the molecular mechanism by which NF .rcB","PeriodicalId":23086,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The Kyushu Dental Society","volume":"92 1","pages":"72-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77729525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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