Tierarztliche Praxis最新文献

Observations and experiences as well as results of clinical investigations in 364 calves with clinically apparent abomasal ulcers (bleeding 28, deep 37, perforating 299) are communicated. The anamnestic data, evaluated systematically, allow to conclude, that influences of the feeding regime, in particular faults during the early weaning period, play an important role in the multifactorial etiology. Furthermore, symptoms, diagnosis and differential diagnosis as well as treatment and prevention are described. The various localizations (and ways) of perforating abomasal ulcers are demonstrated by schematic representations and by the respective findings at operation or at necropsy.

A guinea pig that had eaten dried leaves from Nerium oleander was presented in the clinic. At this time the animal had well developed neurologic symptoms (seizures), but also gastrointestinal (tympanism) and cardiac symptoms were present. After intensive care for 24 hours the patient was discharged from the clinic in a good state of health.

A dermatomycosis of swine caused by Trichophyton verrucosum is reported. Trichophyton verrucosum could be identified in skin scrapings of pigs and contacting calves by fluorescence microscopy and culture. The mode of transmission and the rare isolation of Trichophyton verrucosum from pigs are discussed.

Since the introduction of excision arthoplasty in veterinary medicine the question of indication is often asked. The maximum of the patient's body weight up to which surgery should be performed is another discussed problem. A long-term study from January 1985 to July 1995 at the Veterinary Surgery Department at the Justus-Liebig-University was carried out to answer these questions (222 patients, 155 dogs and 67 cats). Trauma and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease came first in the list of indications. In case of postoperative problems trouble with lameness after high activity, long rest or at the time of change in weather could be seen. No owner of an animal thought that the life quality of his animal was restricted by this occasional problems. At a body weight over 30 kg the occasional problems were more often seen but every patient had less clinical problems after surgery than before. In this group no deterioration was seen.

Between 1990 and 1994, 89 cattle with signs of affection of the central nervous system were referred to the Clinic for Food Animals and Horses, University of Bern; in 17 cases of which, cerebral listeriosis was diagnosed. History, clinical, hematologic findings and cerebrospinal fluid analysis at admission were evaluated retrospectively. Four cattle were slaughtered after cerebral listeriosis had been diagnosed clinically because of economic reasons. Therapy, consisting of administration of penicillin (i.m./i.v.), intravenous fluids (including bicarbonate replacement), and oral fluids and rumen juice was initiated in the remaining 13 cases. Five of the 13 cattle were refractory to treatment and had to be euthanatized, one to two days after initiation of therapy. Clinical diagnosis of cerebral listeriosis was confirmed by histological examination of brain stem tissue in all nine cattle that were slaughtered or euthanatized; however, Listeria monocytogenes was isolated by standard culturing of brain stem tissue in two of these cases only. Eight to 62 months after discharge from the clinic, telephone interview with the owners of the surviving animals revealed that recovery had been uneventful and satisfactory in all of the eight cases.

Following a review of the literature on dynamometric and kinemetric measurement systems in tetrapods (part 1, 19), the selection criteria and construction of a gait analysis laboratory for small animals at the Department of Veterinary Surgery of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich is described. The system consists of three units: a treadmill with integrated forceplates, a 3D-video motion analysis system, and dedicated computer and system software. The value of the equipment is demonstrated by means of results of clinical gait examinations (part 2). An advantage of the Munich system is that measurements of all four limbs on the treadmill can be repeated continuously and simultaneously.

The main principal in the treatment of behavioural disorders in psittacines consists of optimizing the keeping conditions which have to be ruled out by precise anamnesis. Wounds caused by automutilation require a collar to be put around the patient's neck. This, however, is not a method for longterm preventing of feather plucking. A balanced diet that takes into account the bird's natural behaviour in food intake, larger cages and suitable toys as well as close relationship between bird and bird keeper are changes that should be achieved. Manifest behavioural disorders can only be treated successfully by keeping the bird together with a partner. Exceptionally this may be a bird of a different species. The problems of abnormal fixation to human beings are discussed.

Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) is an autosomal recessive and lethal disease of Holstein-Friesian cattle. It is characterized by leukocytosis with more than 30,000 cells/microliter blood and decreased resistance to infectious diseases. Details of the history and pathological findings in three patients, the situation in the herd and breeding aspects are described.

The transmission of the laser beam trough flexible fibers enables an endoscopic application. Since this technique is minimal invasive and often does not require general anaesthesia there is an increasing interest in the use of laser techniques-for example in equine upper respiratory tract surgery. This paper gives a review about reported laser application in the different fields of veterinary surgery with emphasis on laser practice in dermatology, ophthalmology and endoscopic laser application.

Between June 1993 and May 1996 infections with filariae were diagnosed in 80 dogs. Five animals were infected with Dirofilaria repens and three other dogs with Dipetalonema reconditum. One of the D. reconditum positive dogs was also infected with Dirofilaria immitis. An epidemiological analysis of the cases was possible for three D. repens and two D. reconditum infected dogs. Two of the dogs with D. repens infections had been imported from Italy or Greece, the third dog had been taken by its owner to Hungary and former Yugoslavia. The dogs infected with D. reconditum were imported from Corse or Spain. Regarding the other 72 dogs with filariae, 45 animals were infected with D. immitis. For 27 dogs being negative in the D. immitis ELISA, microfilariae have been demonstrated. However, a histochemical species differentiation of the microfilariae was not possible because fresh blood smears were not available.