Tierarztliche Praxis最新文献

It is reported about a non-randomized prospective study of the treatment of 17 atopic dogs over a nine-months-period using tyrosine-precipitated vaccines. All dogs were presented because of perennial atopic skin diseases at a practice for internal medicine between 1992 and 1995. The clinical degree of pruritus and dermatitis was controlled before, after three, six, and nine months of immunotherapy individually. After nine months of immunotherapy five dogs showed a reduction of the symptoms for more than 75%, six dogs for more than 50%, six dogs for less than 50%. Eleven (65%) dogs were classified as having been successfully treated, six (35%) showed poor clinical response. Tyrosine-precipitated vaccines were found to be helpful in the treatment of atopic skin diseases of the dog.

The clinical and pathomorphological findings of the spongy (cases 1, 2 and 3) and large-vacuol polycystic kidney disease in four kids are presented. The age of the goats ranged from one week to three months. In case 1 clinical examination including laboratory testing was performed, whereas in cases 2, 3 and 4 only the kidneys were available. Based upon the neurological examination a forebrain lesion was localized in case 1. Laboratory examinations revealed an azotemia and uremic encephalopathy was suspected. Gross pathology demonstrated bilateral polycystic kidneys and proliferation and ectasy of the intrahepatic choledochus system. Histopathology of the brain showed multiple alterations, such as malacia, edema, inflammation and a hemorrhagic area. As in other species, a genetical background of the disease is suspected because the twin of case 1 demonstrated similar symptoms.

Total intravenous anaesthesia is a form of anaesthesia which is more often used in human medicine for high risk patients. The case reports of two cats with a severe dyspnoe are presented. Both patients received anaesthesia with the steroid anaesthetic agent Saffan for 19 and 25 hours, respectively. Saffan is a well-tolerated agent with little side effects. Dosage and monitoring results are presented.

The introduction of the determination of canine TSH in the blood serum of the dog means a substantial enrichment in the diagnosis of thyroid disease. In the present study the basic value of serum c-TSH and its maximal increase after intravenous injection of 200 micrograms TRH per dog were determined. The basic value was 0.18 +/- 0.11 ng/ml, the maximal increase was reached between 15 and 30 minutes after injection of TRH and was 0.53 +/- 0.24 ng/ml. In two hypothyroidal dogs the basic values of T4 were 1.1 and 0.56 microgram/dl and of fT4 0.19 and 0.15 ng/dl, respectively. Their TSH concentration was 1.35 and 4.0 ng/ml, respectively.

A sanitation programme was installed by veterinary medical officers on 261 dairy farms. All farms had been selected because of problems with somatic cell counts in milk for a long period of time. Quarter milk samples were taken from all lactating cows, and management factors (including milking equipment, -hygiene, housing and feeding) were assessed. Contagious mastitis pathogens like Sc. agalactiae and Staphylococci represented the main bacteriological problem in 79% of the herds. Only minor problems were caused by environmental pathogens like esculin-positive Streptococci and Coliforms. The sanitation programmes were mainly based on improvements with milking hygiene and techniques. Recommendations for antibiotic therapy were also given. Farmers and veterinary surgeons were entirely responsible for the implementation of these programmes on the farm. Success was controlled by monitoring somatic cell counts in bulk milk four months before to 18 months after the veterinary medical officer visited the farm. As early as one month after the visit cell counts decreased significantly (p < 0.01) and continued decreasing during the second (p < 0.05) and following months. Somatic cell counts of bulk milk stabilised on a significantly lower level for all over the period monitored.

An apparently unilateral cryptorchid stallion was referred to the clinic with a history of colic. In the course of laparotomy an ileus caused by strangulation of the small intestine was found and the horse was euthanized because of poor prognosis. During autopsy strictures and ectasia of the jejunum were found as well as hermaphroditism along with male phenotype. The frequency of cryptorchidism in the case of intersexuality is discussed.

The use of visual methods (sonography/endoscopy) for the diagnosis of a webbed teat in a cow with particular consideration of differentiation from a teat fistula is reported. The sonographical and endoscopical investigation of a webbed teat is evaluated concerning its gain of information in comparison to classical diagnostic procedures.

For the detection of lameness in the dog two additional diagnostic methods-bone scintigraphy and arthroscopy-are available. The cooperation of these techniques in the clinical diagnosis is presented by case examples. The techniques and the applicabilities of bone scintigraphy and arthroscopy are shown and discussed.

During an investigation of a late abortion in a Yorkshire terrier minute virus of canines (MVC) antigen could be demonstrated in fetal tissues by immunofluorescence. The bitch had a high specific anti-MVC serum titer when tested about four weeks after the abortion. Those results implicate an etiological role of MVC in this abortion and to our knowledge it presents the first described case of a MVC-associated abortion in Germany.

Steroid responsive meningitis-arthritis in the dog is a frequently occurring disease in small animal practice. However, the etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. Immunopathologic events are suspected, since IgA seems to play a central role in pathogenesis. The influence of an infectious agent is possible. To classify the nature of such an agent, we tried to find in this study an oligoclonal T-cell proliferation using Southern blot technique. This could give a hint for an infection with a superantigen. In a first step a proliferation assay was performed, proving that staphylococcus enterotoxins A and B induce a strong lymphocyte proliferation in the dog in vitro. In one out of six dogs with steroid responsive meningitis-arthritis T-cell receptor rearrangement was detected after digestion of genomic DNA with two different restriction enzymes. Therefore a superantigen influence in this specific disease seems to be possible, but could not be proven finally using Southern blot techniques.