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[Real-time ultrasonographic pregnancy diagnosis (B-mode) in sheep. 3. Determination of the number of embryos and fetuses]. 绵羊实时超声妊娠诊断(b型)。3.胚胎和胎儿数量的测定]。
Pub Date : 1997-05-01
N Zipper, K H Kaulfuss, J May, K Elze

Transrectal ultrasound examination was performed once in 1159 German Mutton Merino ewes in a standing position using a 5.0 MHz linear array transducer (group 1), 505 German Mutton Merino ewes were restrained in dorsal recumbency while scanned transrectally using a 7.5 MHz probe (group 2). Referring to actual number of lambs born the prepartal prediction of fetal number was correct in 71.8% (group 1) and 78.6% (group 2) of the ewes from days 17 to 69 p.c. The highest accuracy for determining fetal number (89.1%) was in group 1 at days 35 to 46 of gestation. In group 2 the accuracy was more consistent over the whole period of examinations and reached over 80% from as early as 29 days p.c. As litter size increased, examinations in both groups became increasingly inaccurate in determining correct litter size. A subdivision of living, underdeveloped and dead embryos or foetuses was possible by the presence or the absence of a heartbeat and the crown-rump-length of the embryos or foetuses. The percentage of ewes with embryonic or fetal loss is given.

使用5.0 MHz线性阵列换能器(第一组)对1159只站立的德国羊肉美利奴母羊进行一次直肠超声检查。用7.5 MHz探头对505只德国羊肉美利奴母羊进行横切扫描(组2)。根据实际出生羔数,从第17天到69天,71.8%(组1)和78.6%(组2)的母羊对胎数的预预测准确率最高(89.1%)在第1组妊娠第35天到46天。在第2组中,准确性在整个检查期间更加一致,早在每29天就达到80%以上。随着产仔数的增加,两组的检查在确定正确产仔数方面变得越来越不准确。活的、未发育的和死的胚胎或胎儿可以通过心跳的存在或不存在以及胚胎或胎儿的冠臀长度来细分。给出了母羊胚胎或胎儿丢失的百分比。
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引用次数: 0
[Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of the pyometra-endometritis complex in dogs]. [犬脓脓-子宫内膜炎复合体的诊断和治疗方面]。
Pub Date : 1997-05-01
J Oelzner, A Münnich

652 bitches suffering from the pyometra-endometritis complex were divided into three groups. General condition and the haemogramm were examined. The bitches of group III (n = 220) had greatest disturbances, and the mortality rate was high, especially in bitches with uterine rupture (50%). The healing rate of 63.7% in this group is the result of a special treatment schedule that is also possible under practical conditions.

将652只患有脓膜-子宫内膜炎的母狗分为三组。检查一般情况及血象。III组(220只)发病最严重,死亡率高,以子宫破裂率最高(50%)。该组63.7%的治愈率是特殊治疗方案的结果,在实际条件下也是可能的。
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引用次数: 0
[Hepatozoon canis infection of dogs in Germany: case report and epidemiology]. [德国犬感染肝虫病病例报告及流行病学]。
Pub Date : 1997-05-01
M Deinert, W Kraft, R Gothe

This paper reports on a case of hepatozoonosis of a dog imported from Italy to Germany being additionally infected with Ehrlichia canis and Babesia canis. Furthermore, a survey of the epidemiology of the Hepatozoon canis infection is presented.

本文报道一例从意大利输入德国的犬同时感染了犬埃利希体和犬巴贝斯虫的肝人畜共患病病例。此外,还介绍了犬肝虫感染的流行病学调查。
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引用次数: 0
[Problems of laparoscopy using captoperitoneum: controlled ventilation, circulation, blood gas and body temperature]. [腹腔镜使用captoper腹腔的问题:控制通气、循环、血气和体温]。
Pub Date : 1997-05-01
K H Hahn, I B Brune, R Hesemann, C Oberländer, J Henke, W Erhardt

More and more veterinarians are going to perform laparoscopic diagnosis and surgery those days. But the technique using capnoperitoneum implicates several alterations of different physiological parameters, which, without proper monitoring, are often realized to late. Pathophysiology under CO2 insufflated abdomen as well as counter measures to keep or reestablish physiological situations are described. Within experimental studies, 27 pigs received partial colon resection using the laparoscopic technique, another six after laparotomy. They were compared concerning controlled ventilation, cardiovascular and blood gas parameters as well as the body temperature. Monitoring of the end-exspiratory CO2-gas tension as well as controlled ventilation seems to be essential. Blood gas analyses are proposed additionally. Under the described laparoscopic conditions blood circulation and body temperature seem to be influenced positively.

如今,越来越多的兽医开始进行腹腔镜诊断和手术。但是使用腹膜的技术涉及到一些不同生理参数的改变,如果没有适当的监测,往往意识到很晚。本文介绍了CO2充气腹部的病理生理及保持或恢复生理状态的对策。在实验研究中,27头猪使用腹腔镜技术接受部分结肠切除术,另外6头在剖腹手术后接受部分结肠切除术。他们在控制通风、心血管和血气参数以及体温方面进行了比较。监测呼吸末二氧化碳气体张力以及控制通气似乎是必不可少的。另外还提出了血气分析。在所描述的腹腔镜条件下,血液循环和体温似乎受到积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
[Prohibition of use of beta agonists in the feed of market animals]. 禁止在市场动物饲料中使用-受体激动剂。
Pub Date : 1997-05-01
F R Ungemach
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引用次数: 0
[Case report. Two pregnant cows of the bright red German thoroughbred strain]. [病例报告。两头鲜红色的德国纯种牛]。
Pub Date : 1997-05-01
B Wollgarten
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引用次数: 0
[Observations on epidural anesthesia in cats from the anatomical viewpoint]. 【猫硬膜外麻醉的解剖学观察】。
Pub Date : 1997-05-01
J Maierl, S Reindl, C Knospe

The topographic-anatomical situation of the conus medullaris and the cauda equina in cats is shown: in about two thirds of the cases the conus medullaris at least reaches the level of the first sacral vertebra. As far as the site of the epidural injection is concerned the sacrococcygeal space or the first intercoccygeal space are proposed in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord. When seeking the site of injection it is advantageous to orientate oneself by following the sacral processus spinosi in caudal direction beginning with the lumbosacral space. In case of adipose animals the first intercoccygeal space can be palpated by moving the tail up and down. Both sites are equivalent. The volume to be injected varies between 0.3 and 0.9 ml solution per cat depending on the needs.

显示了猫的髓圆锥和马尾的地形解剖情况:在大约三分之二的病例中,髓圆锥至少达到第一骶椎的水平。关于硬膜外注射的位置我们建议骶尾骨间隙或第一尾骨间隙以避免损伤脊髓。在寻找注射部位时,从腰骶间隙开始沿着骶棘突在尾端方向定位是有利的。对于脂肪动物,可以通过上下移动尾巴来触诊第一尾骨间隙。这两个站点是等价的。根据需要,每只猫的注射量在0.3至0.9毫升溶液之间。
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引用次数: 0
[Critical comparison of rectal and ultrasonographic results of ovarian conditions in the interestrus of cattle]. [牛发情期卵巢直肠与超声检查结果的关键性比较]。
Pub Date : 1997-05-01
A Max, P Jurka, M Witkowski, Z Boryczko, H Bostedt

41 heifers of 260-440 kg body weight used in an experiment were polyovulated with PGF2 alpha and PMSG (1000 IU). Animals were slaughtered during luteal phase of ovarian cycle (day 12-15). Shortly before slaughter ovarian structures were defined by rectal palpation und ultrasonographical examination. Post mortem ovaries were collected to compare their structures with previously performed in vivo diagnosis. More follicular structures were detected sonographically (109%) than could be found by morphologic examination (100%). Concerning corpora lutea a right diagnosis was made by palpation in 94% of cases, whereas the rate was only 85% for ultrasonographical examination. Main reasons for false diagnoses of ultrasonographical examination are as follows: multiple ovarian structures, corpora lutea with holes inside, atypical shape of ovaries, atypical ultrasonographical pictures and irregular shape of follicles.

试验选用41头体重260 ~ 440 kg的小母牛,分别饲喂1000 IU的PGF2 α和PMSG进行多排卵。在卵巢周期黄体期(第12-15天)屠宰。屠宰前不久,通过直肠触诊和超声检查确定卵巢结构。收集死后卵巢,将其结构与先前进行的体内诊断进行比较。超声检查发现的卵泡结构(109%)高于形态学检查(100%)。黄体的触诊诊断率为94%,超声诊断率仅为85%。超声检查误诊的主要原因有:卵巢多发结构、黄体内有孔洞、卵巢形状不典型、超声图像不典型、卵泡形状不规则。
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引用次数: 0
[Doping in animal rights law: the responsibility of the veterinary surgeon]. [动物权益法中的兴奋剂:兽医的责任]。
Pub Date : 1997-05-01
A Hirt

Unlike the situation in humans, it is illegal to administer doping drugs to animals. The Doping Commission of the European Council has defined the term doping. According to this definition, the therapeutic use of drugs is not doping. The treatment of pain is also therapeutic. However, governing bodies of sport can apply stricter regulations (doping lists). It is possible for veterinarians to infringe paragraph 3 (11) of the German animal welfare act if they act recklessly or without due care, and a prosecution may result. It is therefore obligatory for the veterinarian to advise of the possible consequences of administering a drug which has a doping effect, or is included on a doping list.

与人类的情况不同,在动物身上使用兴奋剂是违法的。欧洲理事会兴奋剂委员会定义了兴奋剂一词。根据这一定义,药物的治疗性使用不是兴奋剂。对疼痛的治疗也是治疗性的。然而,体育运动的管理机构可以采用更严格的规定(兴奋剂名单)。兽医有可能违反德国动物福利法第3(11)条,如果他们鲁莽行事或缺乏应有的注意,并可能导致起诉。因此,兽医有义务告知使用具有兴奋剂作用的药物或列入兴奋剂清单的药物可能产生的后果。
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引用次数: 0
[Placebo-controlled double-blind study on the efficacy of a paramunity inducer in the treatment of naturally FeLV-infected cats]. [一种社区诱导剂治疗自然感染felv的猫的疗效的安慰剂对照双盲研究]。
Pub Date : 1997-05-01
A Block, K Hartmann, H Lutz, W Kraft

The study involved 120 cats, of which 60 were treated with Baypamun HK and 60 cats received a preparation of virus free cell culture medium. Therapeutic efficacy was determined by monitoring the general status of health, body weight, skin, lymph nodes, oral cavity, the presence of the p27 antigen and the FeLV p27 antigen concentration in serum. No statistically significant differences between both groups could be demonstrated neither for clinical nor for virologic parameters. Remission of the viremia occurred in 11.7% of the cats treated with Baypamun HK and in 6.7% of the cats treated with placebo. The FeLV p27 antigen level decreased by an average of 7.2% with Baypamun HK and by an average of 5.1% with placebo.

这项研究涉及120只猫,其中60只猫接受了Baypamun HK治疗,60只猫接受了无病毒细胞培养基的制备。通过监测一般健康状况、体重、皮肤、淋巴结、口腔、p27抗原的存在和血清中FeLV p27抗原的浓度来确定治疗效果。在临床和病毒学参数方面,两组之间没有统计学上的显著差异。接受Baypamun HK治疗的猫中有11.7%的病毒血症缓解,而接受安慰剂治疗的猫中有6.7%的病毒血症缓解。Baypamun HK组FeLV p27抗原水平平均下降7.2%,安慰剂组平均下降5.1%。
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引用次数: 0
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