Max D. Zavell, Matthew E. P. Mouland, Catherine M. Matassa, Eric T. Schultz, Hannes Baumann
The northern stock of Black Sea Bass Centropristis striata has spatially expanded over the past decade, potentially due to warming northwest Atlantic Shelf waters affecting overwintering.
{"title":"Temperature- and ration-dependent winter growth in northern-stock Black Sea Bass juveniles","authors":"Max D. Zavell, Matthew E. P. Mouland, Catherine M. Matassa, Eric T. Schultz, Hannes Baumann","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10452","url":null,"abstract":"The northern stock of Black Sea Bass <i>Centropristis striata</i> has spatially expanded over the past decade, potentially due to warming northwest Atlantic Shelf waters affecting overwintering.","PeriodicalId":23214,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The American Fisheries Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Javier-Alonso Carrillo-Longoria, Gibson Gaylord, Lukas Andrews, Madison Powell
Arctic Grayling Thymallus arcticus are Holarctically distributed, with a single native population in the conterminous United States occurring in the Big Hole River, Montana, where water temperatures can fluctuate throughout the year from 8°C to 18°C. A gradual increase in mean water temperature has been reported in this river over the past 20 years due to riparian habitat changes and climate change effects. We hypothesized that exposing Arctic Grayling to higher temperatures would result in lower survival, decreased growth, and increased stress responses.
{"title":"Effect of temperature on growth, survival, and chronic stress responses of Arctic Grayling juveniles","authors":"Javier-Alonso Carrillo-Longoria, Gibson Gaylord, Lukas Andrews, Madison Powell","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10453","url":null,"abstract":"Arctic Grayling <i>Thymallus arcticus</i> are Holarctically distributed, with a single native population in the conterminous United States occurring in the Big Hole River, Montana, where water temperatures can fluctuate throughout the year from 8°C to 18°C. A gradual increase in mean water temperature has been reported in this river over the past 20 years due to riparian habitat changes and climate change effects. We hypothesized that exposing Arctic Grayling to higher temperatures would result in lower survival, decreased growth, and increased stress responses.","PeriodicalId":23214,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The American Fisheries Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139054483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel J. Dembkowski, Jeremiah S. Shrovnal, Timothy P. Parks, Greg G. Sass, John Lyons, Daniel A. Isermann
Declines in Cisco Coregonus artedi populations in some inland lakes have prompted assessments of Cisco occurrence and extirpation risk in relation to various stressors to identify refuge lakes and factors that promote Cisco persistence. However, most previous assessments have focused on presence–absence of Cisco rather than examining how population characteristics, such as relative abundance or growth, might change in relation to lake- and landscape-level environmental factors. Consequently, our specific objectives were to identify important environmental factors explaining variation in Cisco relative abundance and growth and to determine whether population metrics describing size and age distributions were related to relative abundance in Wisconsin inland lakes.
{"title":"Cisco population characteristics in Wisconsin lakes in relation to lake- and landscape-level factors","authors":"Daniel J. Dembkowski, Jeremiah S. Shrovnal, Timothy P. Parks, Greg G. Sass, John Lyons, Daniel A. Isermann","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10449","url":null,"abstract":"Declines in Cisco <i>Coregonus artedi</i> populations in some inland lakes have prompted assessments of Cisco occurrence and extirpation risk in relation to various stressors to identify refuge lakes and factors that promote Cisco persistence. However, most previous assessments have focused on presence–absence of Cisco rather than examining how population characteristics, such as relative abundance or growth, might change in relation to lake- and landscape-level environmental factors. Consequently, our specific objectives were to identify important environmental factors explaining variation in Cisco relative abundance and growth and to determine whether population metrics describing size and age distributions were related to relative abundance in Wisconsin inland lakes.","PeriodicalId":23214,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The American Fisheries Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138530388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul C. Kusnierz, Kenneth A. Bouwens, Andrew L. Ransom
Gas bubble trauma (GBT) can occur in fish when water becomes supersaturated with gases, with effects ranging from minor tissue damage to death. Laboratory studies suggest that fish exposure to elevated total dissolved gas (TDG) at depths that compensate for gas supersaturation can result in reduced GBT incidence and that different fish species exhibit varying susceptibility to GBT. Elevated TDG levels associated with spill at Cabinet Gorge Dam in the lower Clark Fork River, Idaho, facilitated describing the incidence and severity of GBT, variables that affect GBT incidence, and the probability of observing GBT in different fish species.
{"title":"Predicting the likelihood of gas bubble trauma in fishes exposed to elevated total dissolved gas in the lower Clark Fork River, Idaho","authors":"Paul C. Kusnierz, Kenneth A. Bouwens, Andrew L. Ransom","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10445","url":null,"abstract":"Gas bubble trauma (GBT) can occur in fish when water becomes supersaturated with gases, with effects ranging from minor tissue damage to death. Laboratory studies suggest that fish exposure to elevated total dissolved gas (TDG) at depths that compensate for gas supersaturation can result in reduced GBT incidence and that different fish species exhibit varying susceptibility to GBT. Elevated TDG levels associated with spill at Cabinet Gorge Dam in the lower Clark Fork River, Idaho, facilitated describing the incidence and severity of GBT, variables that affect GBT incidence, and the probability of observing GBT in different fish species.","PeriodicalId":23214,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The American Fisheries Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138530389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tobias J. Kock, Scott D. Evans, Russell W. Perry, Patrick A. Monk, Michael S. Porter, Amy C. Hansen, Adam C. Pope
Efforts to ameliorate negative effects of diversion dams on aquatic species of concern are important in rivers where water withdrawal supports agricultural economies and are likely to become increasingly important with impending climate change. A multiyear study was conducted to evaluate the survival consequences of diversion dam passage for juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead (O. mykiss) in the highly managed Yakima River, Washington. Canal entrainment and passage were evaluated at four diversion dams encountered by seaward migrating juvenile salmon and steelhead. Fish pass dams via spillbays or enter canals with downstream fish-screening facilities designed to collect entrained fish and return them to the mainstem river. Percent entrainment into canals was substantial (6–59%) at three of the four diversion dams studied, and entrainment probability was positively associated with the proportion of streamflow diverted into canals. Survival probability estimates for groups of tagged fish that were entrained into canals were lower than survival probability estimates for tagged fish that passed through spillbays on the dams. Absolute differences in survival probabilities between routes ranged from 0.099 to 0.369, demonstrating that canal entrainment reduced survival of outmigrating juvenile Chinook Salmon and steelhead. We also found that entrainment resulted in migration delays, which could further affect survival because fish are increasingly exposed to predation and decreased water quality as water temperature increases throughout the migration season. These results highlight the need to limit entrainment of juvenile salmon and steelhead at diversion dams in rivers where salmon recovery is important.
{"title":"Survival implications of diversion entrainment for outmigrating juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead (O. mykiss)","authors":"Tobias J. Kock, Scott D. Evans, Russell W. Perry, Patrick A. Monk, Michael S. Porter, Amy C. Hansen, Adam C. Pope","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10456","url":null,"abstract":"Efforts to ameliorate negative effects of diversion dams on aquatic species of concern are important in rivers where water withdrawal supports agricultural economies and are likely to become increasingly important with impending climate change. A multiyear study was conducted to evaluate the survival consequences of diversion dam passage for juvenile Chinook Salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) and steelhead (<i>O. mykiss</i>) in the highly managed Yakima River, Washington. Canal entrainment and passage were evaluated at four diversion dams encountered by seaward migrating juvenile salmon and steelhead. Fish pass dams via spillbays or enter canals with downstream fish-screening facilities designed to collect entrained fish and return them to the mainstem river. Percent entrainment into canals was substantial (6–59%) at three of the four diversion dams studied, and entrainment probability was positively associated with the proportion of streamflow diverted into canals. Survival probability estimates for groups of tagged fish that were entrained into canals were lower than survival probability estimates for tagged fish that passed through spillbays on the dams. Absolute differences in survival probabilities between routes ranged from 0.099 to 0.369, demonstrating that canal entrainment reduced survival of outmigrating juvenile Chinook Salmon and steelhead. We also found that entrainment resulted in migration delays, which could further affect survival because fish are increasingly exposed to predation and decreased water quality as water temperature increases throughout the migration season. These results highlight the need to limit entrainment of juvenile salmon and steelhead at diversion dams in rivers where salmon recovery is important.","PeriodicalId":23214,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The American Fisheries Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138530364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objective We propose that deepwater Cisco Coregonus artedi (sensu lato ) survived Wisconsin ice advances through introgression with shallow‐water Cisco ~65 ka followed by expression of introgressed genomic fragments after the last retreat of ice from the Great Lakes ~15 ka. Methods We reviewed Wisconsin Glaciation in relation to putative introgression within Cisco and employed a phylogeographic approach to substantiate locations of Cisco refugia and the implications for dispersal of Cisco ahead of the last advance of Wisconsin ice. Result We showed that deepwater Cisco, in contrast to shallow‐water Cisco, were very unlikely to have survived glacial advances and that a massive introgression event between both types likely occurred as the first of two Wisconsin ice advances reached the Great Lakes ~65 ka. Conclusion The most‐parsimonious explanation for the distribution of deepwater Cisco involves long‐ago introgression as a precursor to its divergence from shallow‐water Cisco following the final retreat of Wisconsin ice.
{"title":"Reconciling Zoogeography and Genetics: Origins of Deepwater Cisco <i>Coregonus artedi (sensu lato)</i> in the Great Lakes","authors":"R. L. Eshenroder, A. Breckenridge, P. C. Jacobson","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10444","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective We propose that deepwater Cisco Coregonus artedi (sensu lato ) survived Wisconsin ice advances through introgression with shallow‐water Cisco ~65 ka followed by expression of introgressed genomic fragments after the last retreat of ice from the Great Lakes ~15 ka. Methods We reviewed Wisconsin Glaciation in relation to putative introgression within Cisco and employed a phylogeographic approach to substantiate locations of Cisco refugia and the implications for dispersal of Cisco ahead of the last advance of Wisconsin ice. Result We showed that deepwater Cisco, in contrast to shallow‐water Cisco, were very unlikely to have survived glacial advances and that a massive introgression event between both types likely occurred as the first of two Wisconsin ice advances reached the Great Lakes ~65 ka. Conclusion The most‐parsimonious explanation for the distribution of deepwater Cisco involves long‐ago introgression as a precursor to its divergence from shallow‐water Cisco following the final retreat of Wisconsin ice.","PeriodicalId":23214,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The American Fisheries Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135728298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicholas S. Voss, Brett J. Bowersox, Michael C. Quist
Abstract Objective Native Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus populations can be influenced by a variety of stressors operating at multiple spatial scales, making the relative importance of biotic versus abiotic controls difficult to discern at small scales where monitoring and management typically occur. Nonnative Brook Trout S. fontinalis were widely introduced throughout western North America and negatively affect Bull Trout occurrence. Here, we examine reach‐scale associations between nonnative Brook Trout and juvenile and stream‐resident Bull Trout (i.e., <250 mm) abundances through the lens of a constraining threshold, where nonnative fish exceeding a certain fish density may constrain native fish abundance. Methods We used a large spatial data set to define the abiotic conditions in which stream‐dwelling Brook Trout and Bull Trout smaller than 250 mm typically co‐occur in Idaho. Next, we queried multipass electrofishing survey data collected in reaches with abiotic conditions suitable for both species within localized areas where their distributions overlap. We then used two‐dimensional Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests to identify threshold Brook Trout densities beyond which Bull Trout less than 250 mm were consistently rare or absent. Result Bull Trout smaller than 250 mm were rare or absent where Brook Trout density exceeded 0.54 fish/100 m 2 across the full range of abiotic conditions over which both species overlapped. However, Brook Trout rarely occurred in habitats associated with high Bull Trout density (e.g., where mean August water temperatures were 8.2°C). Conclusion Our results support existing hypotheses that the long‐term co‐occurrence of Bull Trout and Brook Trout in stream reaches suitable for both species may be unstable. Because low densities of Brook Trout appear to threaten Bull Trout, additional research is needed to better understand factors driving ongoing range shifts and invasion dynamics in Bull Trout habitat. We provide a simple tool to inform where Brook Trout represent a primary threat to Bull Trout, with potential applications for future monitoring, threat assessments, and conservation efforts.
摘要目的在不同的空间尺度下，当地鳟鱼种群可能受到多种压力因素的影响，使得生物与非生物控制的相对重要性难以在通常进行监测和管理的小尺度上区分。外来布鲁克鳟鱼在北美西部被广泛引进，对牛鳟的发生产生了负面影响。在这里，我们通过限制阈值的透镜研究了非本地布鲁克鳟鱼与幼鱼和溪流居民公牛鳟鱼(即250毫米)丰度之间的达尺度关联，其中非本地鱼类超过一定的鱼类密度可能会限制本地鱼类的丰度。方法:我们使用一个大的空间数据集来定义爱达荷州溪栖鳟鱼和小于250毫米的牛鳟通常共同出现的非生物条件。接下来，我们查询了在适合两种物种分布重叠的局部区域内的非生物条件下收集的多道电钓调查数据。然后，我们使用二维Kolmogorov-Smirnov测试来确定布鲁克鳟鱼密度的阈值，超过该阈值，小于250 mm的鳟鱼一直很少或不存在。结果在布鲁克鳟鱼密度超过0.54条/100 m 2的非生物条件下，小于250 mm的牛鳟很少或不存在。然而，布鲁克鳟鱼很少出现在与高鳟鱼密度相关的栖息地(例如，8月平均水温为8.2°C)。结论我们的研究结果支持了现有的假设，即牛鳟和溪鳟在适合两种物种的河流中长期共存可能是不稳定的。由于低密度的布鲁克鳟鱼似乎威胁到牛鳟鱼，需要进一步的研究来更好地了解驱动牛鳟鱼栖息地不断变化的范围和入侵动态的因素。我们提供了一个简单的工具来告知哪里布鲁克鳟鱼对牛鳟鱼构成主要威胁，并有可能应用于未来的监测、威胁评估和保护工作。
{"title":"Reach‐scale associations between introduced Brook Trout and juvenile and stream‐resident Bull Trout in Idaho","authors":"Nicholas S. Voss, Brett J. Bowersox, Michael C. Quist","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10443","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Native Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus populations can be influenced by a variety of stressors operating at multiple spatial scales, making the relative importance of biotic versus abiotic controls difficult to discern at small scales where monitoring and management typically occur. Nonnative Brook Trout S. fontinalis were widely introduced throughout western North America and negatively affect Bull Trout occurrence. Here, we examine reach‐scale associations between nonnative Brook Trout and juvenile and stream‐resident Bull Trout (i.e., <250 mm) abundances through the lens of a constraining threshold, where nonnative fish exceeding a certain fish density may constrain native fish abundance. Methods We used a large spatial data set to define the abiotic conditions in which stream‐dwelling Brook Trout and Bull Trout smaller than 250 mm typically co‐occur in Idaho. Next, we queried multipass electrofishing survey data collected in reaches with abiotic conditions suitable for both species within localized areas where their distributions overlap. We then used two‐dimensional Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests to identify threshold Brook Trout densities beyond which Bull Trout less than 250 mm were consistently rare or absent. Result Bull Trout smaller than 250 mm were rare or absent where Brook Trout density exceeded 0.54 fish/100 m 2 across the full range of abiotic conditions over which both species overlapped. However, Brook Trout rarely occurred in habitats associated with high Bull Trout density (e.g., where mean August water temperatures were 8.2°C). Conclusion Our results support existing hypotheses that the long‐term co‐occurrence of Bull Trout and Brook Trout in stream reaches suitable for both species may be unstable. Because low densities of Brook Trout appear to threaten Bull Trout, additional research is needed to better understand factors driving ongoing range shifts and invasion dynamics in Bull Trout habitat. We provide a simple tool to inform where Brook Trout represent a primary threat to Bull Trout, with potential applications for future monitoring, threat assessments, and conservation efforts.","PeriodicalId":23214,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The American Fisheries Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aron D. Katz, Sasha J. Tetzlaff, Mark D. Johnson, John D. Noble, Steven Rood, Derek Maki, Jinelle H. Sperry
Abstract Objective Gill lice Salmincola spp. are among the most widely reported parasites of freshwater salmonids and have been associated with recent declines in native Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis populations. Effective gill lice surveillance is vital for salmonid conservation success, but current survey approaches are often inadequate or problematic. We developed an environmental DNA (eDNA)‐based approach to detect the gill louse Salmincola edwardsii and explored the viability of this approach as a management tool for rapid, large‐scale gill lice surveillance at Fort McCoy, Wisconsin, USA. Methods Reference sequences were generated from gill lice specimens collected at Fort McCoy to confirm their identify as S. edwardsii and used to design a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay that targets S. edwardsii mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI). Assay validation included in silico and in vitro sensitivity and nontarget specificity testing, and assay performance was validated in situ by sampling eDNA at sites characterized via electrofishing. Result Molecular analysis of reference sequences confirmed S. edwardsii identity while also providing the first multi‐population assessment of genetic variation for North American Salmincola and the most taxonomically comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Lernaeopodidae to date. Salmincola edwardsii eDNA was detected at 14 of 38 sites, including 12 of 14 sites with known active infestations, with no evidence that the odds of detecting gill lice via electrofishing was greater than the odds of detections from eDNA analysis. Brook Trout presence was highly predictive of gill lice eDNA site occupancy, concordant with S. edwardsii being an obligate parasite of Salvelinus fishes. However, by expanding survey coverage via eDNA analysis, we were able to identify an isolated drainage with Brook Trout where S. edwardsii is apparently absent, confirming electrofishing observations. Conclusion These results suggest that eDNA analysis is equivalent to electrofishing for detecting gill lice in terms of performance yet offers substantial gains in survey efficiency. Further, this study demonstrates how eDNA analysis can provide valuable intel for directing management efforts, especially when used to expand survey coverage and prioritize follow‐up conventional surveys to assess host–parasite abundance, demographics, and status.
{"title":"Molecular identification and environmental <scp>DNA</scp> detection of gill lice ectoparasites associated with Brook Trout declines","authors":"Aron D. Katz, Sasha J. Tetzlaff, Mark D. Johnson, John D. Noble, Steven Rood, Derek Maki, Jinelle H. Sperry","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10439","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Gill lice Salmincola spp. are among the most widely reported parasites of freshwater salmonids and have been associated with recent declines in native Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis populations. Effective gill lice surveillance is vital for salmonid conservation success, but current survey approaches are often inadequate or problematic. We developed an environmental DNA (eDNA)‐based approach to detect the gill louse Salmincola edwardsii and explored the viability of this approach as a management tool for rapid, large‐scale gill lice surveillance at Fort McCoy, Wisconsin, USA. Methods Reference sequences were generated from gill lice specimens collected at Fort McCoy to confirm their identify as S. edwardsii and used to design a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay that targets S. edwardsii mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI). Assay validation included in silico and in vitro sensitivity and nontarget specificity testing, and assay performance was validated in situ by sampling eDNA at sites characterized via electrofishing. Result Molecular analysis of reference sequences confirmed S. edwardsii identity while also providing the first multi‐population assessment of genetic variation for North American Salmincola and the most taxonomically comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Lernaeopodidae to date. Salmincola edwardsii eDNA was detected at 14 of 38 sites, including 12 of 14 sites with known active infestations, with no evidence that the odds of detecting gill lice via electrofishing was greater than the odds of detections from eDNA analysis. Brook Trout presence was highly predictive of gill lice eDNA site occupancy, concordant with S. edwardsii being an obligate parasite of Salvelinus fishes. However, by expanding survey coverage via eDNA analysis, we were able to identify an isolated drainage with Brook Trout where S. edwardsii is apparently absent, confirming electrofishing observations. Conclusion These results suggest that eDNA analysis is equivalent to electrofishing for detecting gill lice in terms of performance yet offers substantial gains in survey efficiency. Further, this study demonstrates how eDNA analysis can provide valuable intel for directing management efforts, especially when used to expand survey coverage and prioritize follow‐up conventional surveys to assess host–parasite abundance, demographics, and status.","PeriodicalId":23214,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The American Fisheries Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135216530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objective To assess the biological characteristics of Lake Whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis within inland lakes in Ontario at multiple scales and test whether there have been any changes in relative abundance, measured by catch per unit effort, spatially and temporally over 15 years. Methods A Broad‐scale Monitoring Program, which uses a standardized random sample of the fish assemblage, has been conducted within inland lakes in Ontario since 2008 in roughly 5‐year cycles on about 750 lakes. Lake Whitefish attribute and catch per unit effort data were used to assess variation in characteristics across the landscape. Result From 2008 to 2022, 54,941 Lake Whitefish were sampled among 524 different water bodies. Lake Whitefish relative abundance varied among fisheries management zones (FMZs), but not across cycles within or among FMZs. Relative abundance of Lake Whitefish was greater in lakes with lower large‐bodied fish species diversity, greater Secchi depth, mean depth, and higher levels of hypolimnetic dissolved oxygen. Their relative abundance was greatest in the 12–35‐m depth strata. Growth potential, age, and length at 50% maturity were similar between the sexes at the provincial and FMZ scales. Mean annual survival for populations with at least 50 Lake Whitefish sampled was 87%. Conclusion The demographics and relative abundance of Lake Whitefish throughout inland lakes in Ontario was indicative of limited exploitation on these populations at a landscape scale.
{"title":"Biological characteristics of inland Lake Whitefish populations in Ontario","authors":"Tim Haxton","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10441","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective To assess the biological characteristics of Lake Whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis within inland lakes in Ontario at multiple scales and test whether there have been any changes in relative abundance, measured by catch per unit effort, spatially and temporally over 15 years. Methods A Broad‐scale Monitoring Program, which uses a standardized random sample of the fish assemblage, has been conducted within inland lakes in Ontario since 2008 in roughly 5‐year cycles on about 750 lakes. Lake Whitefish attribute and catch per unit effort data were used to assess variation in characteristics across the landscape. Result From 2008 to 2022, 54,941 Lake Whitefish were sampled among 524 different water bodies. Lake Whitefish relative abundance varied among fisheries management zones (FMZs), but not across cycles within or among FMZs. Relative abundance of Lake Whitefish was greater in lakes with lower large‐bodied fish species diversity, greater Secchi depth, mean depth, and higher levels of hypolimnetic dissolved oxygen. Their relative abundance was greatest in the 12–35‐m depth strata. Growth potential, age, and length at 50% maturity were similar between the sexes at the provincial and FMZ scales. Mean annual survival for populations with at least 50 Lake Whitefish sampled was 87%. Conclusion The demographics and relative abundance of Lake Whitefish throughout inland lakes in Ontario was indicative of limited exploitation on these populations at a landscape scale.","PeriodicalId":23214,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The American Fisheries Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135218249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anthony J. Dangora, Lisa A. Eby, Craig A. Barfoot, Andrew R. Whiteley
Abstract Objective Hybridization with nonnative Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss is a primary threat to the persistence of Westslope Cutthroat Trout O. clarkii lewisi . Managers concerned with conserving migratory populations of Westslope Cutthroat Trout in the presence of Rainbow Trout often face the predicament of tolerating the spread of hybridization, intentionally isolating Westslope Cutthroat Trout populations, or suppressing Rainbow Trout source populations. Methods Selective passage of migratory Westslope Cutthroat Trout above existing barriers is a management approach with the potential to limit hybridization, while minimizing the population impacts of barriers in populations with preexisting low levels of hybridization. We took a before‐after–control‐impact approach to evaluate a phenotype‐based selective passage management program for migratory Westslope Cutthroat Trout in the Jocko River, Montana. Result Of the 364 genotyped individuals selectively passed upstream of a barrier, 82% had a proportion of Rainbow Trout admixture < 0.01 and 98% had < 0.10. Over 14 years (2005–2019), there was no significant increase in hybridization at sites ( n = 12) upstream of the barrier, but metrics increased within some of our control (no barrier, n = 8) sites. This increase was greatest at a site just downstream from the barrier, suggesting that blocked fish might have spawned opportunistically in this adjacent tributary. Conclusion We demonstrate that phenotypic traits were useful in implementing a selective Westslope Cutthroat Trout passage program that allowed managers to promote the migratory life history without increasing nonnative admixture in this watershed.
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