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HSFA1 heat shock factors integrate warm temperature and heat signals in plants. HSFA1 热休克因子整合了植物中的温热信号。
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.002
Vidhi Raturi, Gaurav Zinta

Warm temperatures and heat stress trigger distinct plant responses. Recently, Li et al. and Tan et al. identified HSFA1 heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) as central gatekeepers of high-temperature signaling, integrating warm temperature and heat shock responses (HSRs) in arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). HSFA1d stabilizes phytochrome-interacting factor 4 (PIF4) and activates HSFA2, establishing a crosstalk between thermomorphogenesis and thermotolerance.

高温和热胁迫会引发不同的植物反应。最近,Li 等人和 Tan 等人发现 HSFA1 热休克转录因子(HSFs)是高温信号传导的核心看门人,它整合了拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)的暖温和热休克反应(HSRs)。HSFA1d 稳定植物色素互作因子 4(PIF4)并激活 HSFA2,在热形态发生和耐热性之间建立了串联。
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引用次数: 0
After silencing suppression: miRNA targets strike back. 沉默抑制后:miRNA 目标反击。
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.05.001
Alessandro Silvestri, Chandni Bansal, Ignacio Rubio-Somoza

Within the continuous tug-of-war between plants and microbes, RNA silencing stands out as a key battleground. Pathogens, in their quest to colonize host plants, have evolved a diverse arsenal of silencing suppressors as a common strategy to undermine the host's RNA silencing-based defenses. When RNA silencing malfunctions in the host, genes that are usually targeted and silenced by microRNAs (miRNAs) become active and can contribute to the reprogramming of host cells, providing an additional defense mechanism. A growing body of evidence suggests that miRNAs may act as intracellular sensors to enable a rapid response to pathogen threats. Herein we review how plant miRNA targets play a crucial role in immune responses against different pathogens.

在植物与微生物的持续角力中,RNA 沉默是一个关键战场。病原体为了在寄主植物上定居,进化出了多种多样的沉默抑制剂,作为破坏寄主基于 RNA 沉默的防御系统的共同策略。当宿主体内的 RNA 沉默发生故障时,通常被微 RNA(miRNA)靶向和沉默的基因会变得活跃,并能促进宿主细胞的重编程,从而提供额外的防御机制。越来越多的证据表明,miRNAs 可作为细胞内传感器对病原体的威胁做出快速反应。在此,我们回顾了植物 miRNA 靶标如何在针对不同病原体的免疫反应中发挥关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
Belowground cascading biotic interactions trigger crop diversity benefits. 地下级联生物相互作用引发作物多样性效益。
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.04.010
Chunjie Li, Hans Lambers, Jingying Jing, Chaochun Zhang, T Martijn Bezemer, John Klironomos, Wen-Feng Cong, Fusuo Zhang

Crop diversification practices offer numerous synergistic benefits. So far, research has traditionally been confined to exploring isolated, unidirectional single-process interactions among plants, soil, and microorganisms. Here, we present a novel and systematic perspective, unveiling the intricate web of plant-soil-microbiome interactions that trigger cascading effects. Applying the principles of cascading interactions can be an alternative way to overcome soil obstacles such as soil compaction and soil pathogen pressure. Finally, we introduce a research framework comprising the design of diversified cropping systems by including commercial varieties and crops with resource-efficient traits, the exploration of cascading effects, and the innovation of field management. We propose that this provides theoretical and methodological insights that can reveal new mechanisms by which crop diversity increases productivity.

作物多样化的做法具有许多协同效益。迄今为止,研究工作一直局限于探索植物、土壤和微生物之间孤立的、单向的单一过程相互作用。在这里,我们提出了一个新颖而系统的视角,揭示了植物-土壤-微生物组之间错综复杂的相互作用网络,从而引发级联效应。应用级联相互作用的原理可以成为克服土壤障碍(如土壤板结和土壤病原体压力)的另一种方法。最后,我们介绍了一个研究框架,包括设计多样化的种植系统,包括具有资源节约型特征的商业品种和作物,探索级联效应,以及创新田间管理。我们认为这将提供理论和方法上的启示,揭示作物多样性提高生产力的新机制。
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引用次数: 0
ABLs and transmembrane kinases shape extracellular auxin perception. ABLs 和跨膜激酶影响细胞外植物生长素的感知。
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.004
Saumya Jaiswal, Durgesh Kumar Tripathi, Yiming Wang, Vijay Pratap Singh, Ravi Gupta

Auxin is a key phytohormone, but the mechanism underlying apoplastic auxin perception has remained elusive. Yu et al. recently demonstrated that the interaction of two novel apoplast-localized auxin-binding protein 1 (ABP1)-like proteins, ABL1 and ABL2, with transmembrane kinases (TMKs) shapes extracellular auxin perception in both an overlapping and an ABP1-independent manner.

叶绿素是一种关键的植物激素,但凋落物感知叶绿素的机理却一直难以捉摸。Yu 等人最近证明,两种新型的细胞外定位的类似于叶绿素结合蛋白 1(ABP1)的蛋白 ABL1 和 ABL2 与跨膜激酶(TMKs)的相互作用以重叠和不依赖 ABP1 的方式形成了细胞外的叶绿素感知。
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引用次数: 0
Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance during plant evolution and breeding. 植物进化和育种过程中的跨代表观遗传。
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.04.007
Shuai Cao, Z Jeffrey Chen

Plants can program and reprogram their genomes to create genetic variation and epigenetic modifications, leading to phenotypic plasticity. Although consequences of genetic changes are comprehensible, the basis for transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic variation is elusive. This review addresses contributions of external (environmental) and internal (genomic) factors to the establishment and maintenance of epigenetic memory during plant evolution, crop domestication, and modern breeding. Dynamic and pervasive changes in DNA methylation and chromatin modifications provide a diverse repertoire of epigenetic variation potentially for transgenerational inheritance. Elucidating and harnessing epigenetic inheritance will help us develop innovative breeding strategies and biotechnological tools to improve crop yield and resilience in the face of environmental challenges. Beyond plants, epigenetic principles are shared across sexually reproducing organisms including humans with relevance to medicine and public health.

植物可以对其基因组进行编程和重编程,从而产生遗传变异和表观遗传修饰,导致表型的可塑性。虽然基因变化的后果可以理解,但表观遗传变异的跨代遗传基础却难以捉摸。本综述探讨了在植物进化、作物驯化和现代育种过程中,外部(环境)和内部(基因组)因素对表观遗传记忆的建立和维持所起的作用。DNA 甲基化和染色质修饰的动态和普遍变化为表观遗传变异提供了多种可能的跨代遗传途径。阐明和利用表观遗传将有助于我们开发创新的育种策略和生物技术工具,以提高作物产量和抵御环境挑战的能力。除植物外,包括人类在内的有性生殖生物也共享表观遗传学原理,这与医学和公共卫生息息相关。
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引用次数: 0
SmT/SHM-seq: simultaneously capturing spatial transcriptome and microbiome information in plants. SmT/SHM-seq:同时捕获植物的空间转录组和微生物组信息。
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.09.010
Peng Mu, Weiqiang Li, Lam-Son Phan Tran, Xiangnan Li
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引用次数: 0
Pollinator, pollen, and cultivar identity drive crop quality. 授粉者、花粉和栽培品种特性推动作物质量的提高。
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.10.004
Teja Tscharntke, Carolina Ocampo-Ariza, Wiebke Kämper

Animal pollination enhances a third of global food production, yet the roles of pollinator, pollen, and cultivar identity in shaping crop quality, such as nutritional, sensory, and marketing value, are underexplored. Crop quality often depends on pollinator movement patterns, which vary with cultivar selection and spatial arrangement, pollen donor identity, and landscape context. Transfer of the right pollen between cultivars may fail, as pollen is often not transported far, even by highly dispersive pollinators, reducing cross-pollination and crop quality. Both pollinator identity and complementary spatiotemporal activity of diverse pollinators can shape crop quality. Here, we argue that promoting crop quality needs better understanding of species-specific pollinator behaviour and cultivar distribution patterns, rather than only focusing on enhancing pollinator densities.

动物授粉提高了全球三分之一的粮食产量,但授粉者、花粉和栽培品种特性在塑造作物品质(如营养、感官和营销价值)方面的作用却未得到充分探索。作物质量通常取决于授粉者的移动模式,而授粉者的移动模式会随着栽培品种的选择和空间布局、花粉供体身份以及景观环境的变化而变化。栽培品种之间正确花粉的传递可能会失败,因为即使是高度分散的授粉昆虫也往往无法将花粉传播得很远,从而降低了异花授粉和作物质量。授粉者的特性和不同授粉者互补的时空活动都会影响作物质量。在此,我们认为提高作物质量需要更好地了解授粉者的物种特异性行为和栽培品种分布模式,而不是仅仅关注提高授粉者密度。
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引用次数: 0
14-3-3 proteins as a major hub for plant immunity. 14-3-3 蛋白是植物免疫的主要枢纽。
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.06.001
Arsheed H Sheikh, Iosif Zacharia, Naheed Tabassum, Heribert Hirt, Vardis Ntoukakis

14-3-3 proteins, ubiquitously present in eukaryotic cells, are regulatory proteins involved in a plethora of cellular processes. In plants, they have been studied in the context of metabolism, development, and stress responses. Recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of 14-3-3 proteins in regulating plant immunity. The ability of 14-3-3 proteins to modulate immune responses is primarily attributed to their function as interaction hubs, mediating protein-protein interactions and thereby regulating the activity and overall function of their binding partners. Here, we shed light on how 14-3-3 proteins contribute to plant defense mechanisms, the implications of their interactions with components of plant immunity cascades, and the potential for leveraging this knowledge for crop improvement strategies.

14-3-3 蛋白是真核细胞中普遍存在的调节蛋白,参与了大量的细胞过程。在植物中,人们在新陈代谢、发育和应激反应方面对它们进行了研究。最近的研究强调了 14-3-3 蛋白在调节植物免疫方面的关键作用。14-3-3 蛋白调节免疫反应的能力主要归因于它们作为相互作用枢纽的功能,介导蛋白质与蛋白质之间的相互作用,从而调节其结合伙伴的活性和整体功能。在这里,我们将揭示 14-3-3 蛋白如何促进植物防御机制、它们与植物免疫级联组分相互作用的意义,以及利用这些知识改进作物战略的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Parthenocarpy, a pollination-independent fruit set mechanism to ensure yield stability. 孤雌生殖是一种不依赖授粉的坐果机制,可确保产量稳定。
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.06.007
Lea Maupilé, Jamila Chaib, Adnane Boualem, Abdelhafid Bendahmane

Fruit development is essential for flowering plants' reproduction and a significant food source. Climate change threatens fruit yields due to its impact on pollination and fertilization processes, especially vulnerable to extreme temperatures, insufficient light, and pollinator decline. Parthenocarpy, the development of fruit without fertilization, offers a solution, ensuring yield stability in adverse conditions and enhancing fruit quality. Parthenocarpic fruits not only secure agricultural production but also exhibit improved texture, appearance, and shelf life, making them desirable for food processing and other applications. Recent research unveils the molecular mechanisms behind parthenocarpy, implicating transcription factors (TFs), noncoding RNAs, and phytohormones such as auxin, gibberellin (GA), and cytokinin (CK). Here we review recent findings, construct regulatory models, and identify areas for further research.

果实的发育对开花植物的繁殖至关重要,也是重要的食物来源。气候变化会影响授粉和受精过程,尤其容易受到极端温度、光照不足和授粉昆虫减少的影响,从而威胁水果产量。孤雌生殖,即在不受精的情况下发育果实,提供了一种解决方案,确保在不利条件下的产量稳定性,并提高果实质量。孤雌生殖果实不仅能确保农业生产,还能改善质地、外观和保质期,使其成为食品加工和其他应用的理想选择。最新研究揭示了孤雌生殖背后的分子机制,其中涉及转录因子(TF)、非编码 RNA 和植物激素,如辅助素、赤霉素(GA)和细胞分裂素(CK)。在此,我们回顾了最近的研究结果,构建了调控模型,并确定了有待进一步研究的领域。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding plant-soil interactions underpins enhanced sustainability of crop production. 了解植物与土壤之间的相互作用有助于提高作物生产的可持续性。
IF 17.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.05.008
Xin Wang, Lingyun Cheng, Chuanyong Xiong, William R Whalley, Anthony J Miller, Zed Rengel, Fusuo Zhang, Jianbo Shen

The Green Revolution transformed agriculture with high-yielding, stress-resistant varieties. However, the urgent need for more sustainable agricultural development presents new challenges: increasing crop yield, improving nutritional quality, and enhancing resource-use efficiency. Soil plays a vital role in crop-production systems and ecosystem services, providing water, nutrients, and physical anchorage for crop growth. Despite advancements in plant and soil sciences, our understanding of belowground plant-soil interactions, which impact both crop performance and soil health, remains limited. Here, we argue that a lack of understanding of these plant-soil interactions hinders sustainable crop production. We propose that targeted engineering of crops and soils can provide a fresh approach to achieve higher yields, more efficient sustainable crop production, and improved soil health.

绿色革命用高产、抗逆的品种改变了农业。然而,对更可持续农业发展的迫切需求带来了新的挑战:提高作物产量、改善营养质量和提高资源利用效率。土壤在作物生产系统和生态系统服务中发挥着至关重要的作用,为作物生长提供水分、养分和物理锚地。尽管植物和土壤科学取得了进步,但我们对影响作物生长和土壤健康的地下植物-土壤相互作用的了解仍然有限。在此,我们认为,缺乏对这些植物-土壤相互作用的了解会阻碍作物的可持续生产。我们建议,对作物和土壤进行有针对性的工程设计可以提供一种全新的方法来实现更高的产量、更高效的可持续作物生产以及更好的土壤健康。
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引用次数: 0
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Trends in Plant Science
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