Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32782/2224-6282/186-13
Maryna Nahara
It is substantiated that an important role in the process of the country’s transition to a circular model of economy is played by the primary links of the economic system – enterprises. Implementation of the circular economy principles can transform various aspects of businesses, including the organisation of business processes, interaction with suppliers, selection of raw materials, transport and distribution networks, customer relations and the end of the product life cycle. It is established that the lack of reliable data of the circular economy principles at the micro level leads to managerial problems, which impedes the formation of an effective strategy for sustainable enterprise development. It is noted that indicators of the closed-loop economy are necessary to monitor the progress in order to generate managerial influences to activate the cumulative effects of the circular economy model. It is envisaged that circular economy indicators can be used as key performance indicators for benchmarking enterprises by various stakeholders (partners, investors, government agencies), for informing consumers, and as a basis for regulatory changes, etc. The article substantiates the theoretical aspects of the circular economy at the current stage and outlines the predicted effects of its implementation at the micro level. The results of the analytical review and comparison of the most common in scientific research methodological approaches to the evaluation of the closed-loop economy at the local level are analyzed. It is determined that the formation of a relevant system of indicators of enterprise circularity requires complex changes in the traditional social, economic and environmental mechanisms of functioning. It is established that the indicators of the circular economy at the micro level usually cover the 3R imperatives. At the same time, they do not reflect the multi-vector nature of the closed cycle, and insufficiently analyse the environmental friendliness and zero-waste nature of production and consumption. A comprehensive methodological tool for assessing the circular development of an enterprise is developed. It will enable to ensure economic, environmental and social balance on the basis of circularity.
{"title":"METHODICAL PECULIARITIES OF ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF ENTERPRISE CIRCULARITY","authors":"Maryna Nahara","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/186-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/186-13","url":null,"abstract":"It is substantiated that an important role in the process of the country’s transition to a circular model of economy is played by the primary links of the economic system – enterprises. Implementation of the circular economy principles can transform various aspects of businesses, including the organisation of business processes, interaction with suppliers, selection of raw materials, transport and distribution networks, customer relations and the end of the product life cycle. It is established that the lack of reliable data of the circular economy principles at the micro level leads to managerial problems, which impedes the formation of an effective strategy for sustainable enterprise development. It is noted that indicators of the closed-loop economy are necessary to monitor the progress in order to generate managerial influences to activate the cumulative effects of the circular economy model. It is envisaged that circular economy indicators can be used as key performance indicators for benchmarking enterprises by various stakeholders (partners, investors, government agencies), for informing consumers, and as a basis for regulatory changes, etc. The article substantiates the theoretical aspects of the circular economy at the current stage and outlines the predicted effects of its implementation at the micro level. The results of the analytical review and comparison of the most common in scientific research methodological approaches to the evaluation of the closed-loop economy at the local level are analyzed. It is determined that the formation of a relevant system of indicators of enterprise circularity requires complex changes in the traditional social, economic and environmental mechanisms of functioning. It is established that the indicators of the circular economy at the micro level usually cover the 3R imperatives. At the same time, they do not reflect the multi-vector nature of the closed cycle, and insufficiently analyse the environmental friendliness and zero-waste nature of production and consumption. A comprehensive methodological tool for assessing the circular development of an enterprise is developed. It will enable to ensure economic, environmental and social balance on the basis of circularity.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135650285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32782/2224-6282/186-4
Iryna Bozhydai, Anastasiia Ustilovska
In the modern world, personnel management plays a very important role in the development of society, since the management of the organization as a whole depends on the correct approach to management. With the help of staff, managers achieve their goals and objectives, using the work, intelligence and motives of other people's behavior. Personnel management is decisive in the efficiency of economic activity in the labor market. The competitiveness of the enterprise is always related to the people who work at the enterprise. The problem of personnel management of enterprises has always had a significant and urgent importance both among researchers-scientists and among managers-practitioners. Such popularity is due to the importance, first of all, of personnel in the activities of any business entity. In addition, the theory and practice of management is undergoing significant changes both under the influence of external challenges – the pandemic, digitalization, the emergence of artificial intelligence, and as a result of significant disparities between the achievements of Western researchers and management practices in international companies and the realities of management systems of domestic enterprises. This requires research and implementation of best practices and personnel management tools in the activities of domestic construction enterprises. The construction industry has a steady tendency to increase the need for qualified personnel. Yes, the last 20 years have been characterized by a change in the personnel structure at enterprises. Under today's conditions, under the influence of scientific and technical development due to the increase in the level of equipment with computerized production machines and lines, automation of logistics and production complexes, which require employees to have developed skills and abilities. Construction, in all its "sections", is a direct reflection of the state and level of development of the economy of any state. This sphere of management characterizes the nation's culture and aspirations for economic growth. Qualitative and quantitative indicators of the construction sphere of the state and private sectors of the economy largely depend on the level of qualification of construction personnel and on the technical equipment of its subjects.
{"title":"IMPROVEMENT OF THE STRATEGIC PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AT A CONSTRUCTION ENTERPRISE","authors":"Iryna Bozhydai, Anastasiia Ustilovska","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/186-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/186-4","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern world, personnel management plays a very important role in the development of society, since the management of the organization as a whole depends on the correct approach to management. With the help of staff, managers achieve their goals and objectives, using the work, intelligence and motives of other people's behavior. Personnel management is decisive in the efficiency of economic activity in the labor market. The competitiveness of the enterprise is always related to the people who work at the enterprise. The problem of personnel management of enterprises has always had a significant and urgent importance both among researchers-scientists and among managers-practitioners. Such popularity is due to the importance, first of all, of personnel in the activities of any business entity. In addition, the theory and practice of management is undergoing significant changes both under the influence of external challenges – the pandemic, digitalization, the emergence of artificial intelligence, and as a result of significant disparities between the achievements of Western researchers and management practices in international companies and the realities of management systems of domestic enterprises. This requires research and implementation of best practices and personnel management tools in the activities of domestic construction enterprises. The construction industry has a steady tendency to increase the need for qualified personnel. Yes, the last 20 years have been characterized by a change in the personnel structure at enterprises. Under today's conditions, under the influence of scientific and technical development due to the increase in the level of equipment with computerized production machines and lines, automation of logistics and production complexes, which require employees to have developed skills and abilities. Construction, in all its \"sections\", is a direct reflection of the state and level of development of the economy of any state. This sphere of management characterizes the nation's culture and aspirations for economic growth. Qualitative and quantitative indicators of the construction sphere of the state and private sectors of the economy largely depend on the level of qualification of construction personnel and on the technical equipment of its subjects.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135651978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Today, the most significant factor influencing the development of the national economy and the startup sector in particular is the military aggression of the rf against Ukraine. Since the beginning of the war, the domestic economy was under the influence of a number of negative political and socio-economic factors: military actions at the territory of Ukraine, the destruction of the country's economic potential, the threat to territorial integrity, large-scale migration processes, the growth of unemployment and inflation, devaluation of national currency, unfavorable investment climate etc. The analysis of military aggression impact on various sectors of the economy, in particular the startup sector, is gaining relevance for scholars and practitioners. In view of this, the purpose of the article was to determine the features of the current state of the startup ecosystem, as well as the main trends of its development under conditions of today's global challenges associated with the military aggression of the rf. The paper examines the state of the startup ecosystem compared to the pre-war period, establishes the main trends of its development regarding the amount of funding, the structure of priority areas of activity, the geographical location of startups, and the expectations of startup initiators regarding the prospects of functioning in the short term perspectives. The factors contributing to the preservation and further development of the startup industry, despite the military aggression of the rf, were analyzed. The current role of the state in the development of startup ecosystem and the factors determining the features of the development of the IT industry and the startup sector, in particular, were defined. In general, compared to other sectors of the economy, the IT industry and the startup sector, due to the specifics of the business, were less affected by military aggression than other sectors of the economy. Despite the difficulties of wartime, the national startup ecosystem of Ukraine continues to develop, remaining a source of information and technological innovations and, at the same time, adapting to new business conditions and new needs of the country's economy. A promising direction of research on this topic is the determination of the long-term effects of the russian military aggression on the development of the startup ecosystem.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL STARTUP ECOSYSTEM UNDER CONDITIONS OF TODAY'S GLOBAL CHALLENGES","authors":"Natalia Sytnik, Svitlana Perminova, Margarita Chuprina","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/186-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/186-14","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the most significant factor influencing the development of the national economy and the startup sector in particular is the military aggression of the rf against Ukraine. Since the beginning of the war, the domestic economy was under the influence of a number of negative political and socio-economic factors: military actions at the territory of Ukraine, the destruction of the country's economic potential, the threat to territorial integrity, large-scale migration processes, the growth of unemployment and inflation, devaluation of national currency, unfavorable investment climate etc. The analysis of military aggression impact on various sectors of the economy, in particular the startup sector, is gaining relevance for scholars and practitioners. In view of this, the purpose of the article was to determine the features of the current state of the startup ecosystem, as well as the main trends of its development under conditions of today's global challenges associated with the military aggression of the rf. The paper examines the state of the startup ecosystem compared to the pre-war period, establishes the main trends of its development regarding the amount of funding, the structure of priority areas of activity, the geographical location of startups, and the expectations of startup initiators regarding the prospects of functioning in the short term perspectives. The factors contributing to the preservation and further development of the startup industry, despite the military aggression of the rf, were analyzed. The current role of the state in the development of startup ecosystem and the factors determining the features of the development of the IT industry and the startup sector, in particular, were defined. In general, compared to other sectors of the economy, the IT industry and the startup sector, due to the specifics of the business, were less affected by military aggression than other sectors of the economy. Despite the difficulties of wartime, the national startup ecosystem of Ukraine continues to develop, remaining a source of information and technological innovations and, at the same time, adapting to new business conditions and new needs of the country's economy. A promising direction of research on this topic is the determination of the long-term effects of the russian military aggression on the development of the startup ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135649478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32782/2224-6282/186-8
Maryana Kobelya-Zvir
The article examines the main cross-border grant programs in which Ukraine can participate in order to implement joint programs. These are grant instruments for the development of small and medium-sized businesses, representatives of the executive power and local self-government, and the public sector. The main possibilities of using grants of cross-border programs for the government, community and entrepreneurship of Ukraine are outlined. The main and largest cross-border programs are described: "Poland-Ukraine", "Hungary-Slovakia-Romania-Ukraine", "Romania – Ukraine", the Black Sea Basin Program, the Danube Region Program 2021-2027. The prospects of using grant instruments within each program are demonstrated. Emphasis is placed on their priorities and areas of support for projects of authorities, local self-government, representatives of business and the public sector. The main goals and tasks of each program are highlighted, with the areas of support in Ukraine highlighted. The sluggish process of participation of potential grant recipients in cross-border grant programs was analyzed. The reasons for the non-active use of grant, irrevocable, targeted assistance from these programs were emphasized, including: low awareness of representatives of the executive power, local self-government bodies, the public and business about the grant opportunities of cross-border programs; lack of the required number of specialists who are able to prepare competitive grant proposals; participation in the vast majority of cross-border grant programs requires the partnership of an organization from at least two neighboring states. It is concluded that the involvement and use of grant tools of cross-border programs by representatives of business, civil society organizations, executive power and local self-government bodies is an important, and often the only source of financing necessary projects. Ukraine's active participation in cross-border programs determines the establishment and deepening of economic, social, scientific and technical, ecological, cultural and other relations with the border states. Overcoming barriers and obstacles is possible under the condition of broad informational support from representatives of programs in Ukraine, contact points, authorities and mass media.
{"title":"GRANT PROGRAMS OF TRANSBORDER COOPERATION: OPPORTUNITIES, PROSPECTS, OBSTACLES","authors":"Maryana Kobelya-Zvir","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/186-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/186-8","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the main cross-border grant programs in which Ukraine can participate in order to implement joint programs. These are grant instruments for the development of small and medium-sized businesses, representatives of the executive power and local self-government, and the public sector. The main possibilities of using grants of cross-border programs for the government, community and entrepreneurship of Ukraine are outlined. The main and largest cross-border programs are described: \"Poland-Ukraine\", \"Hungary-Slovakia-Romania-Ukraine\", \"Romania – Ukraine\", the Black Sea Basin Program, the Danube Region Program 2021-2027. The prospects of using grant instruments within each program are demonstrated. Emphasis is placed on their priorities and areas of support for projects of authorities, local self-government, representatives of business and the public sector. The main goals and tasks of each program are highlighted, with the areas of support in Ukraine highlighted. The sluggish process of participation of potential grant recipients in cross-border grant programs was analyzed. The reasons for the non-active use of grant, irrevocable, targeted assistance from these programs were emphasized, including: low awareness of representatives of the executive power, local self-government bodies, the public and business about the grant opportunities of cross-border programs; lack of the required number of specialists who are able to prepare competitive grant proposals; participation in the vast majority of cross-border grant programs requires the partnership of an organization from at least two neighboring states. It is concluded that the involvement and use of grant tools of cross-border programs by representatives of business, civil society organizations, executive power and local self-government bodies is an important, and often the only source of financing necessary projects. Ukraine's active participation in cross-border programs determines the establishment and deepening of economic, social, scientific and technical, ecological, cultural and other relations with the border states. Overcoming barriers and obstacles is possible under the condition of broad informational support from representatives of programs in Ukraine, contact points, authorities and mass media.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135652479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32782/2224-6282/186-22
Oleksii Mykhalchenko
The article examines the retrospective of the creation of the State Aviation Service, its subordination, tasks and functions, legal status, organizational structure and the evolution of its changes. An analysis of the staffing of the State Aviation Service during 2017-2021 was carried out, and its shortcomings were identified. The qualitative composition of personnel by category and gender was studied. An assessment of the dynamics of the number and structure of flights served by the State Enterprise of the Air Traffic Service of Ukraine is provided. The dynamics of the number of flights was formalized, it was established that for all their types it is described by a polynomial function – a parabola with upward branches with a high value of the multiple coefficient of determination. It is shown that the sharp reduction in the number of flights in 2020 violated the established patterns, with the exception of transit transportation, the dynamics of which is described by a killing power function due to the largest reduction in transportation volumes compared to other types. The content and achievements of the functions of the State Aviation Service in terms of: international representation, ensuring the liberalization of air transport are summarized; supporting the Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine into NATO; development of an interactive platform for visualization of NOMOS aviation noise levels; spread of best energy efficiency practices and development of "green" infrastructure in civil airports of Ukraine; involvement of aviation enterprises in the implementation of the CORSIA program; introduction of a market mechanism for compensation and reduction of carbon emissions for international civil aviation; ensuring compliance of civil aviation of Ukraine with international standards; implementation of the quality management system; development of measures aimed at preventing the spread of COVID-19; conducting consistent work on the digital transformation of air transport; maintenance of the appropriate level of its operational capacity under martial law conditions; consistent implementation of the adopted anti-corruption program and the SAFER-U project for the development of the aviation legislative framework of Ukraine. The prospects for the development of the State Aviation Service in terms of European integration are substantiated.
{"title":"STATE AVIATION SERVICE OF UKRAINE: INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE, ROLE AND DEVELOPMENT TRAJECTORY","authors":"Oleksii Mykhalchenko","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/186-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/186-22","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the retrospective of the creation of the State Aviation Service, its subordination, tasks and functions, legal status, organizational structure and the evolution of its changes. An analysis of the staffing of the State Aviation Service during 2017-2021 was carried out, and its shortcomings were identified. The qualitative composition of personnel by category and gender was studied. An assessment of the dynamics of the number and structure of flights served by the State Enterprise of the Air Traffic Service of Ukraine is provided. The dynamics of the number of flights was formalized, it was established that for all their types it is described by a polynomial function – a parabola with upward branches with a high value of the multiple coefficient of determination. It is shown that the sharp reduction in the number of flights in 2020 violated the established patterns, with the exception of transit transportation, the dynamics of which is described by a killing power function due to the largest reduction in transportation volumes compared to other types. The content and achievements of the functions of the State Aviation Service in terms of: international representation, ensuring the liberalization of air transport are summarized; supporting the Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine into NATO; development of an interactive platform for visualization of NOMOS aviation noise levels; spread of best energy efficiency practices and development of \"green\" infrastructure in civil airports of Ukraine; involvement of aviation enterprises in the implementation of the CORSIA program; introduction of a market mechanism for compensation and reduction of carbon emissions for international civil aviation; ensuring compliance of civil aviation of Ukraine with international standards; implementation of the quality management system; development of measures aimed at preventing the spread of COVID-19; conducting consistent work on the digital transformation of air transport; maintenance of the appropriate level of its operational capacity under martial law conditions; consistent implementation of the adopted anti-corruption program and the SAFER-U project for the development of the aviation legislative framework of Ukraine. The prospects for the development of the State Aviation Service in terms of European integration are substantiated.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135649008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32782/2224-6282/186-9
Andrii Kovalskyi
More than two decades after the 1992 Rio Conference on Environment and Development, sustainable development remains a major challenge. Politics and administration, especially in democratic societies, have a special responsibility for coordinating sustainable development. To fulfill this role, the regulative idea of sustainability must be integrated into policy and governance decision-making at all levels, from the local to the global. Taking this into account, we analyzed the development of the institutionalization of sustainable development as a cross-cutting and long-term problem. Drawing on a theoretical-conceptual framework derived from the theory of democracy, bureaucracy and political management/governance, we applied qualitative methods to understand how sustainability is integrated into political-administrative practice. In this article, we examine the elements and processes of institutionalization and present a perspective on how exactly sustainability is understood at the level of strategy formation. A deep analysis of the dynamics of the development of processes and elements of institutionalization indicates that the old institutional economics and the new institutional sociology can become an effective basis for an extended theoretical study of social and environmental accounting and reporting. The interaction of these two theories allows consideration of various aspects of institutions and their dynamics, including regulatory, normative and cultural-cognitive aspects. It is important to approach aspects of the old institutional economy, where the emphasis is on normative and customary aspects such as norms, conventions, rules and routines. The old theorists of institutional economics emphasize the importance of habits, procedures, and rules that define and maintain existing forms of behavior. Routines are «patterns of thought and action commonly adopted by groups of individuals», while rules are «a formally recognized way in which 'what should be done'». This approach reveals the difference between stable routines and formally defined rules that can be subject to change and institutionalization. On the other hand, new institutionalism is defined by a shift in focus from normative elements to shared understandings of social reality, such as symbols, meanings, and beliefs. He considers cultural and cognitive elements, as well as regulatory, as socially constructed phenomena that define a «common structure» for perceiving events and taking actions. As for the concept of «sustainable development», it can be concluded that it is a complex and ambiguous term that does not have a strict definition, but covers various aspects and understanding. Different points of view lead to different interpretations of this concept. As noted in the sources, in the additive model of sustainability, different actors may prioritize different aspects of sustainability (social, economic, environmental), depending on their interests and field of activity.
{"title":"INSTITUTIONALIZATION: PROCESSES AND ELEMENTS IN THE LIGHT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","authors":"Andrii Kovalskyi","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/186-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/186-9","url":null,"abstract":"More than two decades after the 1992 Rio Conference on Environment and Development, sustainable development remains a major challenge. Politics and administration, especially in democratic societies, have a special responsibility for coordinating sustainable development. To fulfill this role, the regulative idea of sustainability must be integrated into policy and governance decision-making at all levels, from the local to the global. Taking this into account, we analyzed the development of the institutionalization of sustainable development as a cross-cutting and long-term problem. Drawing on a theoretical-conceptual framework derived from the theory of democracy, bureaucracy and political management/governance, we applied qualitative methods to understand how sustainability is integrated into political-administrative practice. In this article, we examine the elements and processes of institutionalization and present a perspective on how exactly sustainability is understood at the level of strategy formation. A deep analysis of the dynamics of the development of processes and elements of institutionalization indicates that the old institutional economics and the new institutional sociology can become an effective basis for an extended theoretical study of social and environmental accounting and reporting. The interaction of these two theories allows consideration of various aspects of institutions and their dynamics, including regulatory, normative and cultural-cognitive aspects. It is important to approach aspects of the old institutional economy, where the emphasis is on normative and customary aspects such as norms, conventions, rules and routines. The old theorists of institutional economics emphasize the importance of habits, procedures, and rules that define and maintain existing forms of behavior. Routines are «patterns of thought and action commonly adopted by groups of individuals», while rules are «a formally recognized way in which 'what should be done'». This approach reveals the difference between stable routines and formally defined rules that can be subject to change and institutionalization. On the other hand, new institutionalism is defined by a shift in focus from normative elements to shared understandings of social reality, such as symbols, meanings, and beliefs. He considers cultural and cognitive elements, as well as regulatory, as socially constructed phenomena that define a «common structure» for perceiving events and taking actions. As for the concept of «sustainable development», it can be concluded that it is a complex and ambiguous term that does not have a strict definition, but covers various aspects and understanding. Different points of view lead to different interpretations of this concept. As noted in the sources, in the additive model of sustainability, different actors may prioritize different aspects of sustainability (social, economic, environmental), depending on their interests and field of activity.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135649113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32782/2224-6282/186-17
Alla Barbinova
The article is devoted to consideration of organizational principles of realization of social inclusion. The purpose of the study is to analyze the peculiarities of the implementation of social inclusion in the labor market of Ukraine. The relevance of the study is due to the constant transformation of the modern labor market in Ukraine, which is due to the needs of consumers, foreign economic ties, intellectualization of production, the ratio of supply and demand, the quality of the personnel of enterprises, institutions and organizations, etc. These factors affect the change in industrial relations, the range of subjects of which is constantly changing. Accordingly, there is a mutual reorientation of the needs of consumers of the labor market and offers of commodity producers and service providers. The features of the implementation of social inclusion were determined by studying the scientific literature and analyzing the legal acts that made it possible to generalize on the specified problem. In the course of scientific research, it is determined that the state regulatory documents of Ukraine are based on international regulatory legal acts and establish requirements and principles relating to the functioning of state structures and relations on social inclusion, regulate and establish the equality of rights and opportunities of all citizens. In addition, the availability of the necessary logistics and the creation of unhindered and safe working conditions serve as determining factors in the labor choice in the labor market. Potential employers should focus on ensuring barrier-free for their employees or consumers of the services offered, as this affects labor productivity, economic results of enterprises. It is proved that social inclusion excludes any discrimination on health grounds and implies a tolerant attitude towards all people who have special needs. The materials of the article have scientific value for scientists, applicants for education and specialists who focus on inclusive processes in society.
{"title":"ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES OF IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL INCLUSION IN THE LABOR MARKET OF UKRAINE","authors":"Alla Barbinova","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/186-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/186-17","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to consideration of organizational principles of realization of social inclusion. The purpose of the study is to analyze the peculiarities of the implementation of social inclusion in the labor market of Ukraine. The relevance of the study is due to the constant transformation of the modern labor market in Ukraine, which is due to the needs of consumers, foreign economic ties, intellectualization of production, the ratio of supply and demand, the quality of the personnel of enterprises, institutions and organizations, etc. These factors affect the change in industrial relations, the range of subjects of which is constantly changing. Accordingly, there is a mutual reorientation of the needs of consumers of the labor market and offers of commodity producers and service providers. The features of the implementation of social inclusion were determined by studying the scientific literature and analyzing the legal acts that made it possible to generalize on the specified problem. In the course of scientific research, it is determined that the state regulatory documents of Ukraine are based on international regulatory legal acts and establish requirements and principles relating to the functioning of state structures and relations on social inclusion, regulate and establish the equality of rights and opportunities of all citizens. In addition, the availability of the necessary logistics and the creation of unhindered and safe working conditions serve as determining factors in the labor choice in the labor market. Potential employers should focus on ensuring barrier-free for their employees or consumers of the services offered, as this affects labor productivity, economic results of enterprises. It is proved that social inclusion excludes any discrimination on health grounds and implies a tolerant attitude towards all people who have special needs. The materials of the article have scientific value for scientists, applicants for education and specialists who focus on inclusive processes in society.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135650591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The work describes modern methods and methods of determining the terrain and assessing its economic effect, which include the use of the global positioning system (GPS): with the help of satellite navigation, it is possible to establish an exact position in real time and collect data on the height of points on the field, this data can be used to determine the angle of inclination of the surface; laser scanning: laser scanners that scan the surface of the field and create an accurate three-dimensional model of the relief, which will, among other things, contain information about the angles of inclination of the surface in different parts of the field can be used in STZ; differential geodesy: with the help of special geodetic tools, you can determine the angle of inclination and create a digital model of the terrain; and Remote Sensing: Remote sensing, such as satellite imagery or aerial photography, can also be used in STPs to analyze field topography. With the help of special software, you can process these images and determine the angle of inclination of different sections of the field. The problems of increasing the efficiency of the use of land within the framework of agricultural land use, taking into account the system of precision farming in the process of intensification of agricultural production, are a component of the unified state ecological and economic policy, which ensures the rational use, protection and management of land resources, as well as the formation of information about their natural, legal and economic condition. The general level of growth of costs for cultivation of 1 hectare of field when the slope increases from 2 to 15% varies from 7.6% to 11.38%, depending on the machine unit. An increase in field surface slope between 0% and 20% results in a modest increase in direct operating costs, averaging 0.766%, for each successive percent of slope. According to the obtained data, processing a field with a relief of 15%, relative to a field with a relief of 2%, leads to an increase in the consumption of fuel and fuel-lubricating materials on average, for 5 units of different composition, by 45.5 and 48%, respectively. Other indicators deteriorate by an average of 1.66 – 3.88%. All this, as a result, leads to a significant increase in the direct operating costs of the machine unit for processing one hectare of field.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRECISION AGRICULTURE SYSTEM","authors":"Marina Mikulina, Ludmila Boginska, Аnton Polyvanyi","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/186-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/186-12","url":null,"abstract":"The work describes modern methods and methods of determining the terrain and assessing its economic effect, which include the use of the global positioning system (GPS): with the help of satellite navigation, it is possible to establish an exact position in real time and collect data on the height of points on the field, this data can be used to determine the angle of inclination of the surface; laser scanning: laser scanners that scan the surface of the field and create an accurate three-dimensional model of the relief, which will, among other things, contain information about the angles of inclination of the surface in different parts of the field can be used in STZ; differential geodesy: with the help of special geodetic tools, you can determine the angle of inclination and create a digital model of the terrain; and Remote Sensing: Remote sensing, such as satellite imagery or aerial photography, can also be used in STPs to analyze field topography. With the help of special software, you can process these images and determine the angle of inclination of different sections of the field. The problems of increasing the efficiency of the use of land within the framework of agricultural land use, taking into account the system of precision farming in the process of intensification of agricultural production, are a component of the unified state ecological and economic policy, which ensures the rational use, protection and management of land resources, as well as the formation of information about their natural, legal and economic condition. The general level of growth of costs for cultivation of 1 hectare of field when the slope increases from 2 to 15% varies from 7.6% to 11.38%, depending on the machine unit. An increase in field surface slope between 0% and 20% results in a modest increase in direct operating costs, averaging 0.766%, for each successive percent of slope. According to the obtained data, processing a field with a relief of 15%, relative to a field with a relief of 2%, leads to an increase in the consumption of fuel and fuel-lubricating materials on average, for 5 units of different composition, by 45.5 and 48%, respectively. Other indicators deteriorate by an average of 1.66 – 3.88%. All this, as a result, leads to a significant increase in the direct operating costs of the machine unit for processing one hectare of field.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135649011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32782/2224-6282/186-5
Viktoriia Hrosul, Ivan Shinkarenko
Ukraine's integration into the global economic system raises the issue of adaptive development of each business entity in all areas of activity, among which trade enterprises play a predominant role. In the information society, the Internet is transforming from a communication channel into an environment for consumers to stay and interact. Knowledge of the level of consumer loyalty and the determinants of consumer choice is key to determining the prospects and opportunities for development, as it allows forming a theoretical basis for determining certain levers of adaptation and understanding how to increase consumer loyalty to achieve the desired state of the trade enterprise. The art of managing the adaptive development of a trade enterprise in modern conditions is to harmonise business with digital transformations. The management of a trade enterprise should adequately assess the potential of adaptive development in terms of opportunities to increase the level of online consumer loyalty. The study defines the essence of digital business transformation and notes the need for appropriate adaptation of business processes in accordance with the requirements and needs of modern consumers in the implementation of processes of adaptation of a trade enterprise to modern transformations. The article develops a circular model of adaptation of enterprise activity in accordance with the requirements and requests of the consumer, the main stages of which are as follows: analysis of the actual state of a trade enterprise → formation of a development strategy and development of alternative plans (optimistic, realistic and optimistic) → design of a new generation operational business model → changes and adaptation of business processes. A system of factors influencing the formation of online consumer loyalty has been formed as a basis for the formation of a successful adaptation strategy for enterprise development and building adaptive models of enterprise behaviour in the market. An approach to managing online consumer loyalty is proposed, which allows not only to determine the direction of adaptive development of a trade enterprise, but also creates an opportunity to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the value proposition (product, pricing and communication policies, website and staff usability), optimise consumer efforts in terms of: collecting information about the product, selecting, processing and delivering the product and its consumption, which will contribute to the formation of a positive consumer experience, increase trust in the retailer and the level of customer satisfaction.
{"title":"MANAGEMENT OF ONLINE CONSUMER LOYALTY AS AN OBJECTIVE CONDITION FOR ADAPTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF A TRADE ENTERPRISE IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALISATION","authors":"Viktoriia Hrosul, Ivan Shinkarenko","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/186-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/186-5","url":null,"abstract":"Ukraine's integration into the global economic system raises the issue of adaptive development of each business entity in all areas of activity, among which trade enterprises play a predominant role. In the information society, the Internet is transforming from a communication channel into an environment for consumers to stay and interact. Knowledge of the level of consumer loyalty and the determinants of consumer choice is key to determining the prospects and opportunities for development, as it allows forming a theoretical basis for determining certain levers of adaptation and understanding how to increase consumer loyalty to achieve the desired state of the trade enterprise. The art of managing the adaptive development of a trade enterprise in modern conditions is to harmonise business with digital transformations. The management of a trade enterprise should adequately assess the potential of adaptive development in terms of opportunities to increase the level of online consumer loyalty. The study defines the essence of digital business transformation and notes the need for appropriate adaptation of business processes in accordance with the requirements and needs of modern consumers in the implementation of processes of adaptation of a trade enterprise to modern transformations. The article develops a circular model of adaptation of enterprise activity in accordance with the requirements and requests of the consumer, the main stages of which are as follows: analysis of the actual state of a trade enterprise → formation of a development strategy and development of alternative plans (optimistic, realistic and optimistic) → design of a new generation operational business model → changes and adaptation of business processes. A system of factors influencing the formation of online consumer loyalty has been formed as a basis for the formation of a successful adaptation strategy for enterprise development and building adaptive models of enterprise behaviour in the market. An approach to managing online consumer loyalty is proposed, which allows not only to determine the direction of adaptive development of a trade enterprise, but also creates an opportunity to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the value proposition (product, pricing and communication policies, website and staff usability), optimise consumer efforts in terms of: collecting information about the product, selecting, processing and delivering the product and its consumption, which will contribute to the formation of a positive consumer experience, increase trust in the retailer and the level of customer satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"799 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135652476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32782/2224-6282/186-19
Volodymyr Ivankov
The article is devoted to the issue of developing a unified conceptual approach to the creation and adaptation of procedures and methods formalized to the object of forensic-economic expertise. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to systematize methods of forensic economic expertise adjusted to common or individual tasks that need to be solved during the pre-trial investigation or trial. The article analyzes the correlation between the tasks of a forensic expert as perception of the nature of criminogenic processes reflected in the system of accounting and methods of examination. The methodical approach was elaborated and the system of individual methods related to the algorithm of solving the problem of forensic economic expert through their procedures was modeled. Interaction of elements of the given model in the direction of their formalization presupposes the solution of individual forensic examination tasks, taking into account the nature of initial information about the object of forensic economic examination, its description on the basis of the formalized form. The proposed modeling of the expert examination process logically connects together the expert’s tasks, methods and the theoretical basis for the application of relevant procedures that are aligned with the overall goal of forensic economic examination. The results of expert examination process are logically concluded in the expert’s report. The presence of necessary condition to apply the proposed model of forensic economy expertise is proven, which include the creation of formalized description of the object branch of expertise - illegal (lawbreaking) activity and its reflection in the system of accounting. The main advantages of application of the forensic accounting model is creation of additional information possibilities to assess efficiency of the accounting system organization, efficiency of its control function as well as formation of restorative function and formation of reference and analytical data on reaction to unlawful actions of responsible persons. Practical results of application of methodological basis for construction of expert economic research taking into account the suggested scientific logic of its realization are new possibilities of generalization of practical activity of forensic experts in the area of research of economic offences, disclosure of potential of the whole set of instruments to perceive the object of forensic economic expert examination acquired by practice.
{"title":"MODELLING A FORENSIC ECONOMIC EXPERTISE","authors":"Volodymyr Ivankov","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/186-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/186-19","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the issue of developing a unified conceptual approach to the creation and adaptation of procedures and methods formalized to the object of forensic-economic expertise. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to systematize methods of forensic economic expertise adjusted to common or individual tasks that need to be solved during the pre-trial investigation or trial. The article analyzes the correlation between the tasks of a forensic expert as perception of the nature of criminogenic processes reflected in the system of accounting and methods of examination. The methodical approach was elaborated and the system of individual methods related to the algorithm of solving the problem of forensic economic expert through their procedures was modeled. Interaction of elements of the given model in the direction of their formalization presupposes the solution of individual forensic examination tasks, taking into account the nature of initial information about the object of forensic economic examination, its description on the basis of the formalized form. The proposed modeling of the expert examination process logically connects together the expert’s tasks, methods and the theoretical basis for the application of relevant procedures that are aligned with the overall goal of forensic economic examination. The results of expert examination process are logically concluded in the expert’s report. The presence of necessary condition to apply the proposed model of forensic economy expertise is proven, which include the creation of formalized description of the object branch of expertise - illegal (lawbreaking) activity and its reflection in the system of accounting. The main advantages of application of the forensic accounting model is creation of additional information possibilities to assess efficiency of the accounting system organization, efficiency of its control function as well as formation of restorative function and formation of reference and analytical data on reaction to unlawful actions of responsible persons. Practical results of application of methodological basis for construction of expert economic research taking into account the suggested scientific logic of its realization are new possibilities of generalization of practical activity of forensic experts in the area of research of economic offences, disclosure of potential of the whole set of instruments to perceive the object of forensic economic expert examination acquired by practice.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135649009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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