Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.32782/2224-6282/158-15
O. Petrovska, Ivan Bendus
This scientific article examines the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on the country's economy in general and on the labor market of Ukraine in particular. An important and urgent issue is the prospect of the emergence of new professions that will be based on artificial intelligence. Therefore, it is reasonable that the main factor today is the penetration of digital technologies into all areas of society. The impact of digital transformation on the labor market situation is highlighted in detail, that is, an increase in demand for some professions and a significant reduction in others. The current professions at a given time, skills and competencies that are necessary in the world of digitalization are analyzed in particular in detail. The attention is focused on the fact that in Ukraine, which took part in the global digitalization processes, the global pandemic of 2020 sharply exacerbated the problems of insufficient state attention in this area. A significant place in the work is devoted to considering the impact of electronic technologies and the global Internet network on the emergence of new modern professions and remote employment, which in turn will lead to the reduction of office workers and managers. The phenomena of temporary professions and their relevance in the future are also highlighted. This article focuses on both the educational sphere and distance learning. The importance of improving and improving the qualifications of teachers of different levels in the field of IT technologies and computerization was emphasized. Reformatting of the learning process and the emergence of new professions in the field of education are relevant today. Based on the study of the impact of the pandemic on the world economy, the article highlights the directions and trends in new professions in the labor market in Ukraine, their role in the present and prospects for the future. It was proposed to develop and adopt a state strategy for the development of the labor market in Ukraine for the period 2021-2030, in which to foresee the emergence of possible professions, to lay the appropriate means for reorienting educational institutions, to develop appropriate platforms to create opportunities for remote work of the state apparatus, to develop measures to reduce unemployment by create new jobs online and step up work with the spread of Internet coverage of settlements in Ukraine.
{"title":"PROSPECTS OF APPEARANCE OF NEW PROFESSIONS ON THE LABOR MARKET OF UKRAINE AFTER THE WORLD PANDEMIC","authors":"O. Petrovska, Ivan Bendus","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/158-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/158-15","url":null,"abstract":"This scientific article examines the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on the country's economy in general and on the labor market of Ukraine in particular. An important and urgent issue is the prospect of the emergence of new professions that will be based on artificial intelligence. Therefore, it is reasonable that the main factor today is the penetration of digital technologies into all areas of society. The impact of digital transformation on the labor market situation is highlighted in detail, that is, an increase in demand for some professions and a significant reduction in others. The current professions at a given time, skills and competencies that are necessary in the world of digitalization are analyzed in particular in detail. The attention is focused on the fact that in Ukraine, which took part in the global digitalization processes, the global pandemic of 2020 sharply exacerbated the problems of insufficient state attention in this area. A significant place in the work is devoted to considering the impact of electronic technologies and the global Internet network on the emergence of new modern professions and remote employment, which in turn will lead to the reduction of office workers and managers. The phenomena of temporary professions and their relevance in the future are also highlighted. This article focuses on both the educational sphere and distance learning. The importance of improving and improving the qualifications of teachers of different levels in the field of IT technologies and computerization was emphasized. Reformatting of the learning process and the emergence of new professions in the field of education are relevant today. Based on the study of the impact of the pandemic on the world economy, the article highlights the directions and trends in new professions in the labor market in Ukraine, their role in the present and prospects for the future. It was proposed to develop and adopt a state strategy for the development of the labor market in Ukraine for the period 2021-2030, in which to foresee the emergence of possible professions, to lay the appropriate means for reorienting educational institutions, to develop appropriate platforms to create opportunities for remote work of the state apparatus, to develop measures to reduce unemployment by create new jobs online and step up work with the spread of Internet coverage of settlements in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133617179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-07DOI: 10.32782/2224-6282/156-3
L. Klimenko, Yuliya Halahur, L. Dluhoborska
The speed of economic change in the global environment is so great, and the inertia of modern thinking is so strong that the current economics in some cases simply does not keep up with the changes taking place in the object of its analysis. As a result, there is a conflict between outdated theories and the new reality, there are scientific claims about the systemic crisis of economic theory. The main purpose of the article is to generalize the genesis of theories, models of economic development of the national economy and the formation of a set of tools and mechanisms for the development of economic entities in the modern dimension of management concepts. The methodological basis of scientific research is general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge (methods of scientific deduction and induction, comparison and systematization, synthesis). The author's team systematizes the evolutionary stages of formation of scientific theories, concepts and models of economic development of enterprises on the basis of research of both scientific schools and the provisions of individual representatives of this scientific hypothesis. The digression of basic theories of economic development testifies to the transition of scientific views from a set of models of economic development of closed space, to structural transformations of global scale, taking into account institutional and structural gaps that are inherent in certain countries at different stages of their development. In particular, Ukrainian and foreign practice of implementing national economic models has allowed generalizing the conceptual approaches to models of economic development adapted and based on programs and strategies of socio-economic development of economic entities in the modern dimension of management concepts. Economic development of the national economy as a dynamic complex socio-economic system, self-developing and characterized by cyclical stages of growth and decline of the economy is irreversible, aimed at qualitative and quantitative changes in national development is justified. In modeling the economic development of enterprises of the national economy should take into account the objective patterns of dynamic processes of the socio-economic system, modern management concepts and be based on a balanced assessment of driving forces, sources, resources, factors is defined in the article.
{"title":"EVOLUTION OF THEORIES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES IN THE MODERN DIMENSION OF MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS","authors":"L. Klimenko, Yuliya Halahur, L. Dluhoborska","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/156-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/156-3","url":null,"abstract":"The speed of economic change in the global environment is so great, and the inertia of modern thinking is so strong that the current economics in some cases simply does not keep up with the changes taking place in the object of its analysis. As a result, there is a conflict between outdated theories and the new reality, there are scientific claims about the systemic crisis of economic theory. The main purpose of the article is to generalize the genesis of theories, models of economic development of the national economy and the formation of a set of tools and mechanisms for the development of economic entities in the modern dimension of management concepts. The methodological basis of scientific research is general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge (methods of scientific deduction and induction, comparison and systematization, synthesis). The author's team systematizes the evolutionary stages of formation of scientific theories, concepts and models of economic development of enterprises on the basis of research of both scientific schools and the provisions of individual representatives of this scientific hypothesis. The digression of basic theories of economic development testifies to the transition of scientific views from a set of models of economic development of closed space, to structural transformations of global scale, taking into account institutional and structural gaps that are inherent in certain countries at different stages of their development. In particular, Ukrainian and foreign practice of implementing national economic models has allowed generalizing the conceptual approaches to models of economic development adapted and based on programs and strategies of socio-economic development of economic entities in the modern dimension of management concepts. Economic development of the national economy as a dynamic complex socio-economic system, self-developing and characterized by cyclical stages of growth and decline of the economy is irreversible, aimed at qualitative and quantitative changes in national development is justified. In modeling the economic development of enterprises of the national economy should take into account the objective patterns of dynamic processes of the socio-economic system, modern management concepts and be based on a balanced assessment of driving forces, sources, resources, factors is defined in the article.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132526255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-26DOI: 10.32782/2224-6282/155-6
P. Matvieiev, “Zeminform” Llc
One of the reasons for the increase in the competition level in the agrarian sphere between the participants of agro-industrial relations is the scarcity and limitation of resources. This made it necessary to determine the productivity of resource utilization. The purpose of the work is to summarize conceptual approaches to building mechanisms for reproducing the resource potential of agricultural sector enterprises. The relation between the concepts of managerial efficiency and economic efficiency is established on the basis of the scientific literature analysis. The origin and essence of these concepts are considered in terms of mercantilism, Keynesian theory. The theory of economic growth of R. Solow is characterized and its role in the question of resource potential formation is defined. The concept of competitiveness in the context of agrarian sector is defined. The main reasons that hinder the development of the domestic agro-industrial complex are outlined, as well as the necessity to create favorable conditions for the development of agribusiness is substantiated. Based on the analysis of statistical information, it is established that the low level of competitive development of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine is caused, first of all, by the lack of efficiency of the used information technologies and resource potential. The emergence of such a situation is explained by the difficulties in achieving and maintaining optimal proportions in macroeconomic regulation due to the influence of market and state mechanisms for the possibility of realizing the interests of the subjects of agro-industrial relations. The productivity of using the resource potential is a criterion for the efficiency of the agrarian economy, but its role in the development of domestic agro-industrial policy is still insufficiently understood. The imbalance of different groups of factors of social transformation has led to the accumulation of problematic issues in the agricultural sector, which significantly limit the development of the resource potential of agricultural enterprises. It is established that there is an inverse relationship between the productivity level of use of the resource potential and the employment level in the sphere of the agro-industrial complex. The international methodology for measuring the use of resource potential used in international practice cannot be fully implemented in domestic realities, since the indicators used in it do not sufficiently reflect the real state of affairs. In this regard, a model for measuring aggregate factor utilization of resource potential is proposed.
{"title":"CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO BUILDING MECHANISMS OF REPRODUCTION OF RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR ENTERPRISES","authors":"P. Matvieiev, “Zeminform” Llc","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/155-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/155-6","url":null,"abstract":"One of the reasons for the increase in the competition level in the agrarian sphere between the participants of agro-industrial relations is the scarcity and limitation of resources. This made it necessary to determine the productivity of resource utilization. The purpose of the work is to summarize conceptual approaches to building mechanisms for reproducing the resource potential of agricultural sector enterprises. The relation between the concepts of managerial efficiency and economic efficiency is established on the basis of the scientific literature analysis. The origin and essence of these concepts are considered in terms of mercantilism, Keynesian theory. The theory of economic growth of R. Solow is characterized and its role in the question of resource potential formation is defined. The concept of competitiveness in the context of agrarian sector is defined. The main reasons that hinder the development of the domestic agro-industrial complex are outlined, as well as the necessity to create favorable conditions for the development of agribusiness is substantiated. Based on the analysis of statistical information, it is established that the low level of competitive development of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine is caused, first of all, by the lack of efficiency of the used information technologies and resource potential. The emergence of such a situation is explained by the difficulties in achieving and maintaining optimal proportions in macroeconomic regulation due to the influence of market and state mechanisms for the possibility of realizing the interests of the subjects of agro-industrial relations. The productivity of using the resource potential is a criterion for the efficiency of the agrarian economy, but its role in the development of domestic agro-industrial policy is still insufficiently understood. The imbalance of different groups of factors of social transformation has led to the accumulation of problematic issues in the agricultural sector, which significantly limit the development of the resource potential of agricultural enterprises. It is established that there is an inverse relationship between the productivity level of use of the resource potential and the employment level in the sphere of the agro-industrial complex. The international methodology for measuring the use of resource potential used in international practice cannot be fully implemented in domestic realities, since the indicators used in it do not sufficiently reflect the real state of affairs. In this regard, a model for measuring aggregate factor utilization of resource potential is proposed.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114234920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-24DOI: 10.32782/2224-6282/152-14
Е. Prushkivska, V. Demchenko, Zaporizhzhya Polytechnic
The communication strategy of the aviation construction enterprise is analyzed and the scientific and practical recommendations for its development taking into account the influence of conditions of unstable environment are developed. The authors considered the views of scientists on the essence of marketing communication strategies, proposed the author's interpretation of the communication strategy. The enterprise communication strategy is considered as the process of integrated communication of the enterprise with the target audiences (consumers, partners, investors, state authorities, professional associations and unions), which contributes to the achievement of the mission of the company, corresponds to its business and functional strategies, maximally efficient environment. An analysis of the unstable environment of functioning of the aviation construction enterprise was carried out, which became the basis for the emergence of new serious negative factors. Analysis of the existing problems of the aviation industry in the context of various aspects made it possible to give a classification of problems that it faces, in particular: production, financial, investment, marketing, scientific and technological, institutional. The communication strategy of Motor Sich JSC in terms of internal and external communications is characterized. Problem aspects of the communication strategy of Motor Sich JSC were identified. Emphasis is placed on strengthening the communication system of the enterprise with representatives of the aviation industry, research institutions and public authorities in order to increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian aviation industry products in international markets. The directions and actions for the implementation of the enterprise communication policy have been elaborated taking into account the influence of an unstable external environment, namely: ensuring more effective communication with state authorities; establishing effective communication with representatives of the aviation industry and research institutes on discussing, making and implementing effective management decisions; increasing confidence in Motor Sich JSC among partners, impact groups and the public; promoting the purpose of the enterprise among all stakeholders.
分析了航空建筑企业的传播策略，提出了考虑不稳定环境条件影响的航空建筑企业发展的科学实用建议。笔者结合科学家对营销传播策略本质的看法，提出了笔者对营销传播策略的解读。企业传播战略被认为是企业与目标受众(消费者、合作伙伴、投资者、国家当局、专业协会和工会)进行整合沟通的过程，有助于实现企业的使命，符合其业务和职能战略，最大限度地提高效率。分析了航空建筑企业运行的不稳定环境，为新的严重负面因素的出现提供了依据。从各个方面分析航空业存在的问题，可以对航空业面临的问题进行分类，特别是:生产、财务、投资、营销、科学和技术、体制。从内部沟通和外部沟通两个方面对汽车集团公司的沟通策略进行了描述。确定了Motor Sich JSC沟通策略的问题方面。重点是加强企业与航空工业、研究机构和公共当局代表的沟通系统，以提高乌克兰航空工业产品在国际市场上的竞争力。考虑到不稳定的外部环境的影响，制定了实施企业沟通政策的方向和行动，即:确保与国家当局进行更有效的沟通;与航空业和研究机构的代表建立有效的沟通，讨论、制定和实施有效的管理决策;提高合作伙伴、影响团体和公众对Motor Sich JSC的信心;在所有利益相关者中促进企业的目标。
{"title":"COMMUNICATION STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIONS OF AVIATION BUILDING ENTERPRISE AMID UNSTABLE ENVIRONMENT","authors":"Е. Prushkivska, V. Demchenko, Zaporizhzhya Polytechnic","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/152-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/152-14","url":null,"abstract":"The communication strategy of the aviation construction enterprise is analyzed and the scientific and practical recommendations for its development taking into account the influence of conditions of unstable environment are developed. The authors considered the views of scientists on the essence of marketing communication strategies, proposed the author's interpretation of the communication strategy. The enterprise communication strategy is considered as the process of integrated communication of the enterprise with the target audiences (consumers, partners, investors, state authorities, professional associations and unions), which contributes to the achievement of the mission of the company, corresponds to its business and functional strategies, maximally efficient environment. An analysis of the unstable environment of functioning of the aviation construction enterprise was carried out, which became the basis for the emergence of new serious negative factors. Analysis of the existing problems of the aviation industry in the context of various aspects made it possible to give a classification of problems that it faces, in particular: production, financial, investment, marketing, scientific and technological, institutional. The communication strategy of Motor Sich JSC in terms of internal and external communications is characterized. Problem aspects of the communication strategy of Motor Sich JSC were identified. Emphasis is placed on strengthening the communication system of the enterprise with representatives of the aviation industry, research institutions and public authorities in order to increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian aviation industry products in international markets. The directions and actions for the implementation of the enterprise communication policy have been elaborated taking into account the influence of an unstable external environment, namely: ensuring more effective communication with state authorities; establishing effective communication with representatives of the aviation industry and research institutes on discussing, making and implementing effective management decisions; increasing confidence in Motor Sich JSC among partners, impact groups and the public; promoting the purpose of the enterprise among all stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133184211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-24DOI: 10.30838/p.es.2224.040719.100.536
V. Vasilyeva, L. Babenko, O. V. Tumanovska
accounting process. Accounting for payments to employees in the budget sector of Ukraine is imperfect and is in the process of reform.
会计的过程。乌克兰预算部门对雇员付款的核算是不完善的，正在进行改革。
{"title":"The current state and directions of payroll accounting organization's improvement in a budgetary institution","authors":"V. Vasilyeva, L. Babenko, O. V. Tumanovska","doi":"10.30838/p.es.2224.040719.100.536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/p.es.2224.040719.100.536","url":null,"abstract":"accounting process. Accounting for payments to employees in the budget sector of Ukraine is imperfect and is in the process of reform.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134203947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper work is devoted to the study of the investment potential of sectoral exchange-traded funds SPDR, the advantages of investing in shares of such funds compared to investing in shares of companies or in units of mutual funds are examined, the dynamics of market prices of shares of sectoral stock funds in both favorable and crisis periods on the stock market has been studied, identified the most attractive sector exchange-traded funds for investments. The studies were conducted on the basis of publicly available statistical material on the market prices of the SPDR sector exchange-traded funds for the period from January 2007 to November 2019. Data processing was carried out using statistical methods, a comparison method, a graphical representation of the material. As a result of the studies, it was found that the shares of exchange-traded funds have a number of advantages over ordinary stocks of corporations and over the shares of ordinary mutual funds and are attractive enough for investment purposes. Among the main investment advantages of ETF securities are the following: the purchase of ETF securities means the acquisition of an already diversified portfolio of stocks, which reduces the risk of losses and provides some protection in case of an unforeseen drop in the price of one of the portfolio components; the stocks of exchange-traded funds are sold and bought during the whole trading session; securities of exchange-traded funds can be bought using a brokerage loan and short-selling; there are no fees typical for mutual funds when buying and selling securities, and the fact that an investor buying securities of an exchange-traded fund always knows which shares are in the portfolio of this fund. It was found, that stocks of exchange-traded funds the Select Sector SPDR Fund - Health Care (XLV) and Select Sector SPDR Fund - Technology (XLK) are the most attractive for investment among all others sectoral exchange-traded funds of the SPDR group. At the same time, Select Sector SPDR Fund - Technology (XLK) stocks have the highest growth potential in favorable periods in the stock market and moderate risk in crisis periods; stocks of Select Sector SPDR Fund - Health Care (XLV) have a fairly high growth potential in favorable periods in the stock market and low risk in times of crisis.
{"title":"INVESTMENT POTENTIAL OF SECTORAL EXCHANGE-TRADED FUNDS SPDR","authors":"Удк, Инвестиционный Потенциал, Секторных Биржевых, Фондов Spdr, Інвестиційний Потенціал, Секторних Біржових, Фондів Spdr","doi":"10.32782/2224-6282/151-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32782/2224-6282/151-5","url":null,"abstract":"The paper work is devoted to the study of the investment potential of sectoral exchange-traded funds SPDR, the advantages of investing in shares of such funds compared to investing in shares of companies or in units of mutual funds are examined, the dynamics of market prices of shares of sectoral stock funds in both favorable and crisis periods on the stock market has been studied, identified the most attractive sector exchange-traded funds for investments. The studies were conducted on the basis of publicly available statistical material on the market prices of the SPDR sector exchange-traded funds for the period from January 2007 to November 2019. Data processing was carried out using statistical methods, a comparison method, a graphical representation of the material. As a result of the studies, it was found that the shares of exchange-traded funds have a number of advantages over ordinary stocks of corporations and over the shares of ordinary mutual funds and are attractive enough for investment purposes. Among the main investment advantages of ETF securities are the following: the purchase of ETF securities means the acquisition of an already diversified portfolio of stocks, which reduces the risk of losses and provides some protection in case of an unforeseen drop in the price of one of the portfolio components; the stocks of exchange-traded funds are sold and bought during the whole trading session; securities of exchange-traded funds can be bought using a brokerage loan and short-selling; there are no fees typical for mutual funds when buying and selling securities, and the fact that an investor buying securities of an exchange-traded fund always knows which shares are in the portfolio of this fund. It was found, that stocks of exchange-traded funds the Select Sector SPDR Fund - Health Care (XLV) and Select Sector SPDR Fund - Technology (XLK) are the most attractive for investment among all others sectoral exchange-traded funds of the SPDR group. At the same time, Select Sector SPDR Fund - Technology (XLK) stocks have the highest growth potential in favorable periods in the stock market and moderate risk in crisis periods; stocks of Select Sector SPDR Fund - Health Care (XLV) have a fairly high growth potential in favorable periods in the stock market and low risk in times of crisis.","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115462800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.30838/p.es.2224.290819.186.581
T. Trosteniuk
{"title":"Nomenclature of expenditure in the mechanism for determining the cost of educational and pedagogical services of higher education institutions","authors":"T. Trosteniuk","doi":"10.30838/p.es.2224.290819.186.581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/p.es.2224.290819.186.581","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124119012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.30838/p.es.2224.290819.129.577
O. Ievsieieva, O. S. Anikina, S. Nikulina
{"title":"Topicality of formation of the universal approach to the financial condition assessment of the enterprise using indicators of financial reporting forms","authors":"O. Ievsieieva, O. S. Anikina, S. Nikulina","doi":"10.30838/p.es.2224.290819.129.577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/p.es.2224.290819.129.577","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":232891,"journal":{"name":"Economic scope","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116160700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.30838/p.es.2224.290819.19.568
T. Seredyuk
19 УДК 330.340.1:338.2 ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ОСНОВИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ДИФУЗІЇ ІННОВАЦІЙ У СЕКТОРІ ІКТ DOI 10.30838/ P.ES.2224.290819.19.568 JEL: O31, O33 Середюк Т. Б. Національний університет водного господарства і природокористування У сучасній економічній парадигмі інновації перетворилися на найважливіший фактор зростання і конкурентоспроможності. Інноваційна модель або тип розвитку домінує сьогодні в якості цільового орієнтира національних, регіональних і корпоративних стратегій. Найважливішою умовою функціонування інноваційної економіки стає інтенсивна дифузія інновацій (ДІ). У статті уточнено сутність та представлено теоретичні основи дослідження ДІ. Звертається увага на те, що ДІ є особливим типом комунікації та соціальним процесом. Виокремлено види (некомерційний трансфер, комерційний трансфер, вільна дифузія), суб'єкти, фактори та передумови ДІ, а також її функції в економіці. Розкрито роль держави у забезпеченні сприятливих умов перебігу ДІ. Основна увага приділяється вивченню особливостей ДІ в секторі ІКТ. У зв'язку з цим, виокремлено об'єкти ДІ і обґрунтовано зв'язок зі становленням цифрової економіки, охоплюючи різні її прояви. Розглянуто структуру цифрової економіки, феномен цифрових інновацій та особливості програмного забезпечення як основи ІКТ, від якого залежать всі сектори економіки в епоху інформатизації. Запропоновано аналітичний фрейм дослідження ДІ в секторі ІКТ, що охоплює: характеристику інновацій; характеристику суб'єктів; характеристику процесу дифузії інноваційної ІКТ; характеристику особливостей дифузії ІКТ в певних галузях економіки, де вони використовуються; характеристику дифузійного середовища; характеристику форм ДІ. Звертається увага на роль освіти в ДІ, яка дозволяє долати ті її бар’єри, які пов’язані зі знаннями. Запропоновано основні підходи до вивчення ДІ в секторі ІКТ (макро-, мезо-, мікроаналітичний, когнітивний, організаційний, соціальний, ринковий, інституціональний та ін.). Виділено напрямки кількісної оцінки процесів і наслідків ДІ в секторі ІКТ. Інтенсивність ДІ співрозмірна з рівнем інноваційної активності та результативності інноваційних процесів (симетрія), а також з уніфікованим розумінням інновації. Представлений матеріал визначає ті напрями, на які необхідно звернути увагу в рамках аналізу ДІ, для вирішення завдань її розвитку і підвищення ефективності участі підприємств, охоплюючи маркетинг інновацій.
19 UDC 330.340.1:338.2 IQT 行业创新扩散研究的理论基础和特点 doi 10.30838/ p.es.2224.290819.19.568 jel：O31, O33 Serediuk T. B. 国立水与环境工程大学 在现代经济模式中，创新已成为增长和竞争力的最重要因素。如今，创新模式或发展类型已成为国家、地区和企业战略的主要目标方向。创新的密集传播（DI）正成为创新经济运行的最重要条件。文章阐明了创新扩散研究的本质并介绍了其理论基础。文章指出，创新扩散是一种特殊的交流方式和社会过程。文章阐述了创新经济的类型（非商业转让、商业转让、自由传播）、主体、因素和前提条件及其在经济中的功能。揭示了国家在确保为直接投资过程提供有利条件方面的作用。研究的主要重点是信息和通信技术领域直接投资的特殊性。在这方面，对直接投资的对象进行了划分，并证实了其与数字经济形成的联系，包括数字经济的各种表现形式。对数字经济的结构、数字创新现象以及作为信息和通信技术基础的软件的特征进行了研究，在信息化时代，所有经济部门都依赖于这些特征。提出了研究信息和通信技术领域直接投资的分析框架，其中包括：创新的特点；主体的特 点；创新信息和通信技术传播过程的特点；信息和通信技术在使用这些技术的某些经济部门的 传播特点；传播环境的特点；直接投资形式的特点。教育在直接投资中的作用值得关注，它可以克服与知识有关的障碍。研究信息和通信技术领域直接投资的主要方法（宏观、中观、微观分析、认知、组织、社会、市场、制度等）强调了对信息和通信技术领域的知识创造过程和后果进行定量评估的方向。研发强度与创新活动的水平和创新过程的有效性（对称性）以及对创新的统一认识相适应。所提供的材料确定了直接投资分析中需要解决的领域，以解决其发展问题并提高企业参与的效率，包括创新的营销。
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