Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.3191/thermalmed.36.46
Y. Tabuchi, Yukihiro Furusawa
Hyperthermia (HT) combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or both has been considered a promising approach in cancer therapy. However, one of the problems with the use of HT is the acquisition of thermotolerance (TT), which makes HT less effective. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the central intracellular organelle responsible for the quality control of newly synthesized proteins. ER stress―defined as the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER―induces a cytoprotective program, the ER stress response, also known as the unfolded protein response (UPR). ER stress can be triggered by various pathophysiological conditions, such as heat shock, glucose starvation, hypoxia, and calcium deprivation. This response is mediated through three distinct sensor molecules, IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme-1), PERK (protein kinase R-like ER kinase), and ATF6 (activating transcription factor 6), which locate at the ER membrane. Under nonstress conditions, BiP (HSPA5: heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5) interacts with these sensor molecules. In contrast, under ER stress conditions, BiP dissociates from the protein conjugate, leading to the activation of three sensor molecules. Interestingly, IRE1, PERK and/or ATF6 signaling pathways are found to be activated in the cells treated with heat stress. In this review, the physiological roles of ER stress response in HT and TT are summarized.
{"title":"Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Hyperthermia and Thermotolerance","authors":"Y. Tabuchi, Yukihiro Furusawa","doi":"10.3191/thermalmed.36.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3191/thermalmed.36.46","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperthermia (HT) combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or both has been considered a promising approach in cancer therapy. However, one of the problems with the use of HT is the acquisition of thermotolerance (TT), which makes HT less effective. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the central intracellular organelle responsible for the quality control of newly synthesized proteins. ER stress―defined as the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER―induces a cytoprotective program, the ER stress response, also known as the unfolded protein response (UPR). ER stress can be triggered by various pathophysiological conditions, such as heat shock, glucose starvation, hypoxia, and calcium deprivation. This response is mediated through three distinct sensor molecules, IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme-1), PERK (protein kinase R-like ER kinase), and ATF6 (activating transcription factor 6), which locate at the ER membrane. Under nonstress conditions, BiP (HSPA5: heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5) interacts with these sensor molecules. In contrast, under ER stress conditions, BiP dissociates from the protein conjugate, leading to the activation of three sensor molecules. Interestingly, IRE1, PERK and/or ATF6 signaling pathways are found to be activated in the cells treated with heat stress. In this review, the physiological roles of ER stress response in HT and TT are summarized.","PeriodicalId":23299,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72965940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.3191/thermalmed.36.59
H. Kato, Tsuneo Takasugi, Ryujiro Tanaka, Yasuji Yamamoto
RF Capacitive-type heating device (8 MHz) manufactured by Yamamoto Vinita Co., Ltd., improved the generator from EX edition with self-excited oscillator using tube to GR edition with solid-state amplifier using crystal oscillation, which led to downsizing. To prove heating characteristics of the new device, we compared the heating performance of both devices on basic heating characteristics and assumed clinical use using agar phantoms. 1) Waveforms of RF generated by both devices were similar, and those were not distorted. 2) In the experiment using a phantom for measuring the heating electricity, both devices were able to uniformly heat the phantom, and those heating efficiencies were 63 and 64%, respectively. 3) A phantom was sandwiched between a pair of electrodes, the diameter of lower electrode was fixed at 30 cm, and that of upper electrode was changed from 30 to 7 cm. The range of the heating area became shallower as the electrode became smaller. Those phenomena were same on both devices. 4) In case of a protrusion on upper side of the phantom, the temperature rise of the protrusion was higher than its surroundings. Those tendencies were same on both devices. 5) When there was an air cavity in the phantom, the temperature rises in the phantom near the air cavity facing the electrode was small, and that not facing the electrode was large. Those phenomena were the same on both devices. 6) When there was a bone in the phantom, the temperature rises in the phantom near the bone facing the electrode was small, and that not facing it was large. The temperature of the bone itself rose a little. Those phenomena were same on both devices. 7) Regardless of electrodes set in parallel or not parallel, the temperature distributions of the depth direction were same. But the temperature rises in one side of the phantom at the closer distance between two electrodes rose larger than the opposite side. Those phenomena were same on both devices. From the above, the heating device GR edition using the solid-state amplifier is upward compatible with respect to the heating device EX edition using the oscillating tube.
{"title":"Heating Characteristics of RF Capacitive-type Heating Device","authors":"H. Kato, Tsuneo Takasugi, Ryujiro Tanaka, Yasuji Yamamoto","doi":"10.3191/thermalmed.36.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3191/thermalmed.36.59","url":null,"abstract":"RF Capacitive-type heating device (8 MHz) manufactured by Yamamoto Vinita Co., Ltd., improved the generator from EX edition with self-excited oscillator using tube to GR edition with solid-state amplifier using crystal oscillation, which led to downsizing. To prove heating characteristics of the new device, we compared the heating performance of both devices on basic heating characteristics and assumed clinical use using agar phantoms. 1) Waveforms of RF generated by both devices were similar, and those were not distorted. 2) In the experiment using a phantom for measuring the heating electricity, both devices were able to uniformly heat the phantom, and those heating efficiencies were 63 and 64%, respectively. 3) A phantom was sandwiched between a pair of electrodes, the diameter of lower electrode was fixed at 30 cm, and that of upper electrode was changed from 30 to 7 cm. The range of the heating area became shallower as the electrode became smaller. Those phenomena were same on both devices. 4) In case of a protrusion on upper side of the phantom, the temperature rise of the protrusion was higher than its surroundings. Those tendencies were same on both devices. 5) When there was an air cavity in the phantom, the temperature rises in the phantom near the air cavity facing the electrode was small, and that not facing the electrode was large. Those phenomena were the same on both devices. 6) When there was a bone in the phantom, the temperature rises in the phantom near the bone facing the electrode was small, and that not facing it was large. The temperature of the bone itself rose a little. Those phenomena were same on both devices. 7) Regardless of electrodes set in parallel or not parallel, the temperature distributions of the depth direction were same. But the temperature rises in one side of the phantom at the closer distance between two electrodes rose larger than the opposite side. Those phenomena were same on both devices. From the above, the heating device GR edition using the solid-state amplifier is upward compatible with respect to the heating device EX edition using the oscillating tube.","PeriodicalId":23299,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79252424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-15DOI: 10.3191/thermalmed.38.27
Y. Nakagawa, T. Kirita, Eiichiro Mori
{"title":"Alternative Role of Ubiquitination for Recovery from Heat Shock","authors":"Y. Nakagawa, T. Kirita, Eiichiro Mori","doi":"10.3191/thermalmed.38.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3191/thermalmed.38.27","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23299,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77553785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-15DOI: 10.3191/thermalmed.36.25
T. Morino, H. Takase, T. Etani, T. Naiki, N. Kawai, A. Ito, T. Yasui
Cancer clinical research using heat-generating nanoparticles named magnetite cationic liposomes (MCL) has been conducted. Heat generation from intratumorally injected MCL particles was induced by alternating magnetic field (AMF) irradiation to kill cancer cells nearby located. Its feasibility and safety have been shown but efficacy was variable among tumors whose temperature rises were similarly achieved. To ensure efficacy heat dose divided by tumor volume (J/cm3) has been proposed as candidate index to control clinical treatment. Purpose of this study is to investigate cytotoxicity of MCL particles upon AMF irradiation and discuss validity of the proposed index. MCL particles were shown to adsorb human prostate cancer cells in vitro at 2 ng-MCL/cell, depending on positive zeta potential derived from a cationic lipid component. Optical and electron microscopic observations showed majority of MCL particles located on cell membrane and scarcely in cytosol. Heat generation activities of MCL particles were represented by specific absorption rate (SAR) with unit of J/g-MCL・min and were shown variable due to irradiation conditions. Cytotoxicity of MCL particles upon AMF irradiation was found under a condition supplying heat dose of 1.2×10-4 J/cell with concomitant cellular morphological changes and membrane burst. Notably, temperature rise of culture medium was not observed under this condition. Cytotoxicity of MCL particles was considered to be caused by heat generated locally on cell membrane (J/cell) independently of medium temperature. These results would support the proposed heat dose index (J/cm3 tumor volume) to control clinical treatment instead of tumor temperature.
{"title":"Medium Temperature Independent Cytotoxicity of Cell-adhesive Heat-generating Nanoparticles Named Magnetite Cationic Liposomes and its Therapeutic Use","authors":"T. Morino, H. Takase, T. Etani, T. Naiki, N. Kawai, A. Ito, T. Yasui","doi":"10.3191/thermalmed.36.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3191/thermalmed.36.25","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer clinical research using heat-generating nanoparticles named magnetite cationic liposomes (MCL) has been conducted. Heat generation from intratumorally injected MCL particles was induced by alternating magnetic field (AMF) irradiation to kill cancer cells nearby located. Its feasibility and safety have been shown but efficacy was variable among tumors whose temperature rises were similarly achieved. To ensure efficacy heat dose divided by tumor volume (J/cm3) has been proposed as candidate index to control clinical treatment. Purpose of this study is to investigate cytotoxicity of MCL particles upon AMF irradiation and discuss validity of the proposed index. MCL particles were shown to adsorb human prostate cancer cells in vitro at 2 ng-MCL/cell, depending on positive zeta potential derived from a cationic lipid component. Optical and electron microscopic observations showed majority of MCL particles located on cell membrane and scarcely in cytosol. Heat generation activities of MCL particles were represented by specific absorption rate (SAR) with unit of J/g-MCL・min and were shown variable due to irradiation conditions. Cytotoxicity of MCL particles upon AMF irradiation was found under a condition supplying heat dose of 1.2×10-4 J/cell with concomitant cellular morphological changes and membrane burst. Notably, temperature rise of culture medium was not observed under this condition. Cytotoxicity of MCL particles was considered to be caused by heat generated locally on cell membrane (J/cell) independently of medium temperature. These results would support the proposed heat dose index (J/cm3 tumor volume) to control clinical treatment instead of tumor temperature.","PeriodicalId":23299,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82242490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) is induced by heat shock, environmental, and pathophysiological stressors. HSP27 functions as a molecular chaperone and an anti-apoptotic protein in cells. Dynamic changes such as phosphorylation and oligomerization of HSP27 allow cells to adapt to changes in physiological functions and mount a protective response to damage. HSP27 is highly expressed in aggressive cancers, where it is involved in numerous pro-tumorigenic signaling pathways and is associated with poor prognosis and treatment resistant. This review focuses on the recent findings of the role of HSP27, particularly posttranslational modification of HSP27 in cancer, and the strategies for therapeutic purposes by using HSP27 inhibitors.
{"title":"Expression and Post-translational Modification of Heat Shock Protein 27 (HSP27) in Cancer","authors":"T. Oya-Ito, T. Takagi, Keisuke Shima, Y. Naito","doi":"10.3191/thermalmed.36.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3191/thermalmed.36.1","url":null,"abstract":"Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) is induced by heat shock, environmental, and pathophysiological stressors. HSP27 functions as a molecular chaperone and an anti-apoptotic protein in cells. Dynamic changes such as phosphorylation and oligomerization of HSP27 allow cells to adapt to changes in physiological functions and mount a protective response to damage. HSP27 is highly expressed in aggressive cancers, where it is involved in numerous pro-tumorigenic signaling pathways and is associated with poor prognosis and treatment resistant. This review focuses on the recent findings of the role of HSP27, particularly posttranslational modification of HSP27 in cancer, and the strategies for therapeutic purposes by using HSP27 inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":23299,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88443208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-01DOI: 10.3191/THERMALMED.37.15
Mamiko Asano
: Microwaves can both electrically and magnetically permeate a target substance ; however, the permeation can also be affected by the components and composition of the target substance. These factors complicate our understanding of how microwave irradiation affects living cells, thus limiting the therapeutic application of microwave irradiation, such as in cancer treatment. We previously investigated how microwave irradiation promotes cell death in cancer cells and now aim to evaluate the potential mechanisms underlying microwave-induced cell death. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying cell death in response to microwave heating. First, a microwave resonator that could precisely control microwave energy and separately generate an electric field and a magnetic field in a dish was developed. This system was employed to confirm whether it is the electric or the magnetic field in the microwave that affects the death of the human pancreatic carcinoma cell line, Panc-1. Cells were killed at the position where the electric field strength was at a maximum, suggesting that dielectric loss might affect cell death. Meanwhile, cell death was not induced at the position where the magnetic field strength was at a maximum, suggesting that the magnetic field might not affect cell death.
{"title":"Development of a Microwave Resonator and Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields on Cultured Cancer Cells","authors":"Mamiko Asano","doi":"10.3191/THERMALMED.37.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3191/THERMALMED.37.15","url":null,"abstract":": Microwaves can both electrically and magnetically permeate a target substance ; however, the permeation can also be affected by the components and composition of the target substance. These factors complicate our understanding of how microwave irradiation affects living cells, thus limiting the therapeutic application of microwave irradiation, such as in cancer treatment. We previously investigated how microwave irradiation promotes cell death in cancer cells and now aim to evaluate the potential mechanisms underlying microwave-induced cell death. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying cell death in response to microwave heating. First, a microwave resonator that could precisely control microwave energy and separately generate an electric field and a magnetic field in a dish was developed. This system was employed to confirm whether it is the electric or the magnetic field in the microwave that affects the death of the human pancreatic carcinoma cell line, Panc-1. Cells were killed at the position where the electric field strength was at a maximum, suggesting that dielectric loss might affect cell death. Meanwhile, cell death was not induced at the position where the magnetic field strength was at a maximum, suggesting that the magnetic field might not affect cell death.","PeriodicalId":23299,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78639733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.3191/thermalmed.35.41
Shinko Kobashigawa, Yoshihiko M. Sakaguchi, S. Masunaga, Eiichiro Mori
Cellular senescence has long been considered to act as a tumor suppressor or tumor suppression mechanism and described as a phenomenon of irreversible cell cycle arrest. Cellular senescence, however, is now considered to have physiological functions other than tumor suppression; it has been found to be involved in embryogenesis, tissue/organ aging, and wound healing. Surprisingly, cellular senescence is also demonstrated to have a tumor progressive role in certain situations. Senescent cells exhibit secretory phenotypes called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which secrete a variety of SASP factors including inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as matrix remodeling factors that promote the alteration of neighboring tissue microenvironments. Such SASP factors have been known to drive the mechanisms underlying the pleiotropic features of cellular senescence. In this review, we examine current knowledge of cellular senescence at molecular and cellular levels, with a focus on chronic inflammation and tumor progression.
{"title":"Stress-induced Cellular Senescence Contributes to Chronic Inflammation and Cancer Progression","authors":"Shinko Kobashigawa, Yoshihiko M. Sakaguchi, S. Masunaga, Eiichiro Mori","doi":"10.3191/thermalmed.35.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3191/thermalmed.35.41","url":null,"abstract":"Cellular senescence has long been considered to act as a tumor suppressor or tumor suppression mechanism and described as a phenomenon of irreversible cell cycle arrest. Cellular senescence, however, is now considered to have physiological functions other than tumor suppression; it has been found to be involved in embryogenesis, tissue/organ aging, and wound healing. Surprisingly, cellular senescence is also demonstrated to have a tumor progressive role in certain situations. Senescent cells exhibit secretory phenotypes called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which secrete a variety of SASP factors including inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as matrix remodeling factors that promote the alteration of neighboring tissue microenvironments. Such SASP factors have been known to drive the mechanisms underlying the pleiotropic features of cellular senescence. In this review, we examine current knowledge of cellular senescence at molecular and cellular levels, with a focus on chronic inflammation and tumor progression.","PeriodicalId":23299,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75854378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.3191/thermalmed.35.33
Mamiko Asano, Jun-Ichi Sugiyama, K. Tabuse
Microwaves (frequency: 0.3‒300 GHz) have the ability to heat materials according to their dielectric properties and are used in microwave ovens for heating food and to yield improvements in the synthesis of medicine and decomposition of environmental pollutants, among other applications. In the medical field, microwaves have been used in cancer treatments such as hyperthermia and microwave coagulation therapy, and favorable treatment results have been obtained. Cancer treatments also have advantages for various types of cancers and have few serious side effects. In contrast, in cancer cell death by microwave heating, the cells are reportedly killed via different pathways compared with that by normal heating. In the future, the treatment efficiency needs to be improved, and the associated side effects can be reduced by analyzing the cell death mechanism in detail. In this review, we outline the latest methods of microwave cancer therapy and introduce the mechanism of cancer cell death by microwave irradiation with a focus on authorsʼ reports.
{"title":"A Review of Current Microwave Cancer Therapy and Mechanism of Cell Death by Microwave Irradiation","authors":"Mamiko Asano, Jun-Ichi Sugiyama, K. Tabuse","doi":"10.3191/thermalmed.35.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3191/thermalmed.35.33","url":null,"abstract":"Microwaves (frequency: 0.3‒300 GHz) have the ability to heat materials according to their dielectric properties and are used in microwave ovens for heating food and to yield improvements in the synthesis of medicine and decomposition of environmental pollutants, among other applications. In the medical field, microwaves have been used in cancer treatments such as hyperthermia and microwave coagulation therapy, and favorable treatment results have been obtained. Cancer treatments also have advantages for various types of cancers and have few serious side effects. In contrast, in cancer cell death by microwave heating, the cells are reportedly killed via different pathways compared with that by normal heating. In the future, the treatment efficiency needs to be improved, and the associated side effects can be reduced by analyzing the cell death mechanism in detail. In this review, we outline the latest methods of microwave cancer therapy and introduce the mechanism of cancer cell death by microwave irradiation with a focus on authorsʼ reports.","PeriodicalId":23299,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86844884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.3191/thermalmed.35.23
T. Morino, T. Etani, T. Naiki, N. Kawai, T. Kikumori, Y. Nishida, N. Yamamoto, T. Yasui
Cancer clinical researches using heat-generating nanoparticles have been conducted in four Japanese universities including authorsʼ universities. The nanoparticles were injected intratumorally and its heat generation was induced by external magnetic field irradiation to kill cancer cells. Three kinds of composite magnetites nanoparticles were applied to clinical researches in combination with either types of magnetic field irradiators generating different frequencies. In this paper we reviewed results of these researches with our unpublished data and discussed its potential and further refinement. Critical issues of clinical feasibility were not found in key process of treatment such as nanoparticles injection, magnetites imaging and magnetic field irradiation. A combinational use of magnetite cationic liposomes (MCL) and alternating magnetic field (AMF) irradiator was found to exhibit tumor regression activity without adverse events such as skin burn and histological damages of surrounding normal tissues. However, efficacies were found variable among tumors whose temperature rise was commonly achieved. In order to ensure efficacy, we discussed importance of MCL dosage divided by tumor volume (mg/cm3) and proposed total heat dose divided by tumor volume (J/cm3) as candidate index to control clinical treatments.
{"title":"Outcome of Cancer Clinical Researches Using Heat-Generating Nanoparticles and Novel Concept of its Therapeutic Use","authors":"T. Morino, T. Etani, T. Naiki, N. Kawai, T. Kikumori, Y. Nishida, N. Yamamoto, T. Yasui","doi":"10.3191/thermalmed.35.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3191/thermalmed.35.23","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer clinical researches using heat-generating nanoparticles have been conducted in four Japanese universities including authorsʼ universities. The nanoparticles were injected intratumorally and its heat generation was induced by external magnetic field irradiation to kill cancer cells. Three kinds of composite magnetites nanoparticles were applied to clinical researches in combination with either types of magnetic field irradiators generating different frequencies. In this paper we reviewed results of these researches with our unpublished data and discussed its potential and further refinement. Critical issues of clinical feasibility were not found in key process of treatment such as nanoparticles injection, magnetites imaging and magnetic field irradiation. A combinational use of magnetite cationic liposomes (MCL) and alternating magnetic field (AMF) irradiator was found to exhibit tumor regression activity without adverse events such as skin burn and histological damages of surrounding normal tissues. However, efficacies were found variable among tumors whose temperature rise was commonly achieved. In order to ensure efficacy, we discussed importance of MCL dosage divided by tumor volume (mg/cm3) and proposed total heat dose divided by tumor volume (J/cm3) as candidate index to control clinical treatments.","PeriodicalId":23299,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85287052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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