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Monkeypox: a re-emergent virus with global health implications - a comprehensive review. 猴痘:一种具有全球卫生影响的重新出现的病毒——一项全面审查。
IF 2.4 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-024-00237-w
Nourhan G Naga, Enas A Nawar, A'laa A Mobarak, Aya G Faramawy, Hend M H Al-Kordy

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an enclosed, double-stranded DNA virus from the Orthopoxvirus genus, which also contains variola, vaccinia, and cowpox. MPXV, which was once confined to West and Central Africa, has recently had a rebound, spreading beyond its original range since 2017. The virus is distinguished by its unique morphology, which includes an oval or brick-shaped structure and a complex lipid and protein makeup. The current multi-country outbreak designated a public health emergency in 2022, has highlighted MPXV's shifting epidemiology and ability to spread rapidly over the globe. 'No one is safe until everyone is safe' is a slogan we often heard during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is now also required for the growing global and regional mpox outbreaks. The epidemic is divided into two clades: Clade I and Clade II, which have distinct pathogenic characteristics. Diagnostic approaches have developed with advances in molecular techniques, yet problems persist in resource-constrained situations. This overview summarizes the virus's history, epidemiology, morphology, and clinical characteristics, offering insights into its recent comeback and current global response efforts.

猴痘病毒(MPXV)是一种封闭的双链DNA病毒,来自正痘病毒属,它还含有天花、牛痘和牛痘。MPXV曾经局限于西非和中非,最近出现反弹,自2017年以来蔓延到其原始范围之外。该病毒的特点是其独特的形态,包括椭圆形或砖状结构以及复杂的脂质和蛋白质组成。目前的多国疫情在2022年被指定为突发公共卫生事件,突显了MPXV的流行病学变化以及在全球迅速传播的能力。“人人安全,无人安全”是我们在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间经常听到的口号,现在全球和区域麻疹疫情日益严重,也需要这一口号。该流行病分为两个分支:分支I和分支II,它们具有不同的致病特征。随着分子技术的进步,诊断方法得到了发展,但在资源有限的情况下,问题仍然存在。本综述总结了该病毒的历史、流行病学、形态和临床特征,为其最近的卷土重来和当前的全球应对工作提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
Addressing the emerging threat of Oropouche virus: implications and public health responses for healthcare systems. 应对新出现的Oropouche病毒威胁:对卫生保健系统的影响和公共卫生应对。
IF 2.4 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-024-00236-x
Olalekan John Okesanya, Blessing Olawumi Amisu, Olaniyi Abideen Adigun, Mohamed Mustaf Ahmed, Abdulmajeed Opeyemi Agboola, Tolga Kab, Gilbert Eshun, Bonaventure Michael Ukoaka, Tolutope Adebimpe Oso, Jerico Bautista Ogaya, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno

Oropouche fever is an increasingly significant health concern in tropical and subtropical areas of South and Central America, and is primarily spread by midge vectors. The Oropouche virus (OROV) was first identified in 1955 and has been responsible for numerous outbreaks, particularly in urban environments. Despite its prevalence, the disease is often under-reported, making it difficult to fully understand its impact. OROV typically causes febrile illness characterized by symptoms such as headaches, muscle pain, and, occasionally, neurological issues such as meningitis. The ability of the virus to thrive in both forested and urban areas has raised concerns regarding its potential spread to new regions, particularly in the context of climate change. This paper delves into the epidemiology, clinical features, and transmission patterns of OROV, shedding light on the difficulties in diagnosing and managing the disease. The absence of specific treatments and vaccines highlights the urgent need for continued research and development of targeted public health strategies. Advancements in molecular diagnostics and vector control strategies can mitigate Oropouche fever's impact. However, a comprehensive public health approach involving increased surveillance, public education, and cross-border collaboration is needed, especially as the global climate crisis may expand vector habitats, posing risks to previously unaffected regions.

在南美洲和中美洲的热带和亚热带地区,欧罗波切热是一个日益严重的健康问题,主要由蚊媒传播。Oropouche病毒(OROV)于1955年首次发现,并造成了多次疫情,特别是在城市环境中。尽管发病率很高,但该病的报道往往不足,因此很难充分了解其影响。OROV通常会引起发热性疾病,其特征是头痛、肌肉疼痛等症状,偶尔还会出现神经问题,如脑膜炎。该病毒在森林和城市地区茁壮成长的能力引起了人们对其可能传播到新地区的担忧,特别是在气候变化的背景下。本文深入探讨了OROV的流行病学、临床特征和传播模式,揭示了该病诊断和治疗的难点。由于缺乏特定的治疗方法和疫苗,因此迫切需要继续研究和制定有针对性的公共卫生战略。分子诊断和病媒控制策略的进步可以减轻欧罗波切热的影响。但是,需要采取包括加强监测、公共教育和跨界合作在内的综合公共卫生办法,特别是因为全球气候危机可能扩大病媒栖息地,对以前未受影响的地区构成风险。
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引用次数: 0
The application of aptamer in tuberculosis diagnosis: a systematic review. 在结核病诊断中应用适配体:系统综述。
IF 2.4 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-024-00235-y
Elham Isaei, Mohammad Hossein Sobhanipoor, Mehran Rahimlou, Nima Firouzeh

Tuberculosis represents a significant menace to health, leading to millions of cases and fatalities each year. Traditional diagnostic methods, while effective, have limitations, necessitating improved tools. Aptamers possessing remarkable specificity single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules promising in TB diagnosis due to their adaptability and precise biomarker detection capabilities. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the research on aptamer applications in TB diagnosis, evaluating the efficacy, limitations, and future prospects. The present systematic review study followed PRISMA guidelines, including peer-reviewed studies on aptamer efficacy in TB diagnosis. Eligibility criteria covered experimental and human studies on TB diagnosis, prognosis, progression, and treatment response. Of 1165 identified studies, 35 met inclusion criteria. Aptamers were utilized for MTB and mycobacterial antigen detection, showcasing notable sensitivity and specificity. Targeted antigens included ESAT-6, HspX, MPT 64, and IFN-γ. Various aptamer-based assays, such as electrochemical, fluorescent, and immunosensors, demonstrated effectiveness. Multiplex assays, particularly for IFN-γ, showed enhanced diagnostic accuracy. Aptamer-based assays exhibited discrimination between active TB and other conditions, showcasing their diagnostic value. Aptamers, especially in conjunction with nanomaterials, show promise in developing advanced TB biosensors with superior detection capabilities. Cost-effective devices with heightened sensitivity for clinical and screening use are crucial for TB control, emphasizing the need for ongoing research in this field.

结核病是对健康的重大威胁,每年导致数百万病例和死亡。传统的诊断方法虽然有效,但有局限性,需要改进工具。由于其适应性和精确的生物标志物检测能力,具有显著特异性单链DNA或RNA分子的适体有望用于结核病诊断。在本研究中,我们旨在评价适体在结核病诊断中的应用研究,评价其疗效、局限性和未来前景。目前的系统评价研究遵循PRISMA指南,包括关于适体在结核病诊断中的功效的同行评议研究。资格标准包括关于结核病诊断、预后、进展和治疗反应的实验和人体研究。在1165项研究中,35项符合纳入标准。核酸适配体用于MTB和分枝杆菌抗原检测,具有显著的敏感性和特异性。靶向抗原包括ESAT-6、HspX、MPT 64和IFN-γ。各种基于适配体的测定,如电化学、荧光和免疫传感器,证明了其有效性。多重检测,特别是IFN-γ,显示出更高的诊断准确性。基于适配体的检测显示活动性结核病和其他疾病之间的区别,显示了它们的诊断价值。适体,特别是与纳米材料结合,在开发具有卓越检测能力的先进结核病生物传感器方面显示出前景。对临床和筛查使用具有更高灵敏度的具有成本效益的设备对结核病控制至关重要,强调需要在这一领域进行持续研究。
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引用次数: 0
Significance of climate change in the emergence of human fascioliasis in Upper Egypt. 气候变化在上埃及人类片形吸虫病出现中的意义。
IF 2.4 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-024-00234-z
Naglaa Zanaty, Nagat Ibrahim, Haidi Karam-Allah Ramadan, Alzahraa Abdelraouf Ahmad, Amal Saad-Hussein

Background: Climate change in the upcoming years will raise the health burden of zoonotic parasites. As a liver fluke, Fasciola depends on certain climate conditions to complete its life cycle and is significantly influenced by climate changes. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the increasing prevalence of human fascioliasis and climate changes in Upper Egypt.

Methods: Records of Fasciola cases in Assiut Governorate in Upper Egypt were evaluated between September 2018 and March 2023. The annual and monthly climate parameters of the region's temperature and humidity acquired from ERA5 and FLDAS were investigated between 2000 and 2023.

Results: A total of 303 patients were included. The mean age was 33.9 ± 17.4 years; 57.1% were females, and the majority were rural residents. Positive correlations were found between temperature and the recorded cases in 2018, 2020, 2021, and 2022 (r = 0.92, 0.41, 0.61, and 0.60, respectively). In 2018 and 2022, humidity and Fasciola frequency had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.97 and 0.49, respectively). An outbreak of fascioliasis was recorded in September 2018, coinciding with the peak temperature and high humidity levels, exceeding the average climatology range from 2000 to 2017. The recorded cases exhibited a seasonal pattern, with peaks in hot, humid summer and autumn.

Conclusion: The rise of human fascioliasis in Upper Egypt is influenced by local climate characteristics. A climate-based map of Fasciola distribution using forecast risk models is needed to predict future outbreaks and for better control.

背景:未来几年气候变化将增加人畜共患寄生虫的健康负担。片形吸虫是一种肝吸虫,需要一定的气候条件才能完成其生命周期,受气候变化的影响较大。我们的目的是调查上埃及地区人类片形吸虫病日益流行与气候变化之间的关系。方法:对2018年9月至2023年3月上埃及阿西尤特省的片形吸虫病例记录进行评估。利用2000 - 2023年ERA5和FLDAS获取的区域年、月气候参数进行了研究。结果:共纳入303例患者。平均年龄33.9±17.4岁;女性占57.1%,以农村居民居多。2018年、2020年、2021年和2022年气温与病例呈显著正相关(r分别为0.92、0.41、0.61和0.60)。2018年和2022年,湿度与片形吸虫频率呈显著正相关(r分别为0.97和0.49)。2018年9月记录了一次片吸虫病暴发,恰逢气温高峰和高湿水平,超过了2000年至2017年的平均气候学范围。病例呈季节性分布,夏季和秋季为高发季节。结论:上埃及地区人片形吸虫病的流行受当地气候特点的影响。需要使用预测风险模型绘制基于气候的片形虫分布图,以预测未来的疫情和更好地控制。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring plant-based dengue therapeutics: from laboratory to clinic. 探索基于植物的登革热疗法:从实验室到临床。
IF 2.4 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-024-00232-1
Bisma Rehman, Akhlaq Ahmed, Saeed Khan, Nida Saleem, Faiza Naseer, Sagheer Ahmad

Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne virus that causes dengue fever, a significant public health concern in many tropical and subtropical regions. Dengue is endemic in more than 100 countries, primarily in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Each year, up to 400 million people get infected with dengue. Approximately 100 million people get sick from infection, and 40,000 die from severe dengue. Unfortunately, dengue vaccine development is also marred with various complicating factors, as the forefront candidate vaccine performed unsatisfactorily. Moreover, the only licensed vaccine (Dengvaxia) for children 9 through 16 years of age is available in just a few countries. The treatment difficulties are compounded by the absence of an effective antiviral agent. Exploring plant-based therapeutics for dengue from the laboratory to clinical application involves a multi-stage process, encompassing various scientific disciplines. Individual investigators have screened a wide range of plant extracts or compounds for potential antiviral activity against DENV. In vitro studies help identify candidates that exhibit inhibitory effects on viral replication. Some of the most promising medicinal plants showing in vitro activity against DENV include Andrographis paniculate, Acorus calamus, and Cladogynos orientalis. Further laboratory studies, both in vitro and in animal models (in vivo), elucidate the mechanisms of action by which the identified compounds exert antiviral effects. Medicinal plants such as Carica papaya, Cissampelos pareira, and Ipomea batata exhibited potent platelet-enhancing activities while Azadirachta indica and Curcuma longa showed promising effects in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Based on positive preclinical results, researchers design clinical trials. This involves careful planning of trial phases, patient recruitment criteria, ethical considerations, and endpoints. The most important medicinal plants showing efficacy and safety in clinical trials include Carica papaya and Cissampelos pareira. This review suggests that several promising medicinal plants exist that have the potential to be turned into clinical drugs to treat dengue infection. However, in addition to developing synthetic and plant-based therapies against dengue infection, vector management strategies should be made robust, emphasizing the need to focus on reducing disease incidence.

登革热病毒(DENV)是一种由蚊子传播的病毒,可引起登革热,是许多热带和亚热带地区的重大公共卫生问题。登革热在全球 100 多个国家流行,主要集中在热带和亚热带地区。每年有多达 4 亿人感染登革热。约有 1 亿人因感染登革热而患病,4 万人死于严重的登革热。不幸的是,登革热疫苗的开发也受到各种复杂因素的影响,最前沿的候选疫苗表现并不令人满意。此外,针对 9 至 16 岁儿童的唯一许可疫苗(Dengvaxia)仅在少数几个国家有售。由于缺乏有效的抗病毒药物,治疗难度进一步加大。从实验室到临床应用,登革热植物疗法的探索涉及多个阶段,涵盖多个科学学科。个别研究人员筛选了多种植物提取物或化合物,以寻找其对登革热病毒的潜在抗病毒活性。体外研究有助于确定对病毒复制有抑制作用的候选药物。对 DENV 具有体外活性的一些最有希望的药用植物包括穿心莲、石菖蒲和东方蛤蚧。进一步的实验室研究,包括体外研究和动物模型(体内)研究,将阐明已确定的化合物发挥抗病毒作用的机制。木瓜(Carica papaya)、Cissampelos pareira 和 Ipomea batata 等药用植物表现出强大的血小板增强活性,而 Azadirachta indica 和 Curcuma longa 则在体外和体内研究中表现出良好的效果。根据积极的临床前研究结果,研究人员设计了临床试验。这涉及对试验阶段、患者招募标准、伦理考虑和终点的精心规划。在临床试验中显示出疗效和安全性的最重要的药用植物包括木瓜和 Cissampelos pareira。这篇综述表明,有几种前景看好的药用植物有可能成为治疗登革热感染的临床药物。然而,除了开发针对登革热感染的合成疗法和植物疗法外,还应制定强有力的病媒管理策略,强调必须把重点放在降低疾病发病率上。
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引用次数: 0
The role of antibody-dependent enhancement in dengue vaccination. 抗体依赖性增强在登革热疫苗接种中的作用。
IF 2.4 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-024-00231-2
D G Aynekulu Mersha, I van der Sterren, L P M van Leeuwen, T Langerak, M S Hakim, B Martina, S F L van Lelyveld, E C M van Gorp

Dengue is the most rapidly spreading vector-borne disease worldwide, with over half the global population at risk for an infection. Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is associated with increased disease severity and may also be attributable to the deterioration of disease in vaccinated people. Two dengue vaccines are approved momentarily, with more in development. The increasing use of vaccines against dengue, combined with the development of more, makes a thorough understanding of the processes behind ADE more important than ever. Above that, due to the lack of treatment options, this method of prevention is of great importance. This review aims to explore the impact of ADE in dengue vaccinations, with the goal of enhancing potential vaccination strategies in the fight against dengue.

登革热是全球传播最迅速的病媒传染病,全球有一半以上的人口面临感染风险。抗体依赖性增强(ADE)与疾病严重程度的增加有关,也可能是疫苗接种者病情恶化的原因。目前已有两种登革热疫苗获得批准,还有更多疫苗正在研发中。随着登革热疫苗的使用越来越多,以及更多疫苗的开发,彻底了解 ADE 背后的过程比以往任何时候都更加重要。此外,由于缺乏治疗方法,这种预防方法也非常重要。本综述旨在探讨 ADE 在登革热疫苗接种中的影响,目的是在对抗登革热的斗争中加强潜在的疫苗接种策略。
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引用次数: 0
Secreted protein NFA47630 from Nocardia farcinica IFM10152 induces immunoprotective effects in mice. 远古诺卡氏菌 IFM10152 的分泌蛋白 NFA47630 可诱导小鼠产生免疫保护作用。
IF 2.4 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-024-00229-w
Lichao Han, Xingzhao Ji, Shihong Fan, Jirao Shen, Bin Liang, Zhenjun Li

Purpose: Nocardia is emerging as a common and easily neglected cause of both healthcare- and occupation-associated infections worldwide, however, human vaccines for Nocardia prevention are not yet available. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the immunoprotective effect of the NFA47630 protein, a secreted protein abundant in the N. farcinica IFM10152 supernatant.

Methods: Conservation and characteristics of nfa47630 were analyzed by PCR and bioinformatics. Then recombinant NFA47630 protein was cloned, expressed and purified for further antigenicity analysis. Subsequently, the ability to activate innate immunity was evaluated by examining the phosphorylation status of the MAPK signaling pathway and cytokine levels. Finally, the protective effect was evaluated on rNFA47630-immunized mice.

Results: nfa47630 was conserved in N. farcinica strains with good antigenicity. The rNFA47630 protein was expressed under the optimal conditions of 0.2 mM IPTG, 28 °C, and it can be recognized by anti-N. farcinica and anti-N. cyriacigeorgica sera, but not anti-N. asteroids, anti-N. brasiliensis, anti-N. nova and anti-Mycobacterium bovis sera. It can upregulate the phosphorylation status of ERK, JNK, P38 and the cytokine levels of TNF-α, IL-10, IL-12, and IFN-γ. In addition, mice immunized with rNFA47630 protein exhibited higher antibody titers, greater bacterial clearance ability, milder organ infection, and higher survival rates than PBS-immunized mice.

Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that NFA47630 is a potential vaccine candidate for defending against N. farcinica infection.

目的:诺卡氏菌正在成为全球常见且易被忽视的医疗保健和职业相关感染的病因,但目前还没有用于预防诺卡氏菌的人类疫苗。本研究旨在评估 NFA47630 蛋白的免疫保护作用,NFA47630 蛋白是一种在 N. farcinica IFM10152 上清液中含量丰富的分泌蛋白:方法:通过 PCR 和生物信息学分析了 NFA47630 的保守性和特征。然后克隆、表达和纯化重组 NFA47630 蛋白,进一步进行抗原性分析。随后,通过检测 MAPK 信号通路的磷酸化状态和细胞因子水平来评估其激活先天性免疫的能力。最后,对rNFA47630免疫小鼠的保护作用进行了评估。rNFA47630蛋白在0.2 mM IPTG、28 °C的最佳条件下表达,能被抗N. farcinica和抗N. cyriacigeorgica血清识别,但不能被抗N. asteroids、抗N. brasiliensis、抗N. nova和抗牛分枝杆菌血清识别。它能上调 ERK、JNK、P38 的磷酸化状态以及 TNF-α、IL-10、IL-12 和 IFN-γ 等细胞因子的水平。此外,与PBS免疫小鼠相比,rNFA47630蛋白免疫小鼠表现出更高的抗体滴度、更强的细菌清除能力、更轻的器官感染以及更高的存活率:我们的数据表明,NFA47630是一种潜在的候选疫苗,可用于防御远华蓟马感染。
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引用次数: 0
Early intervention of 5% albumin shown superior control of vascular integrity and function compared to ringer's lactatein hospitalized adult with grade I & II Dengue hemorrhagic fever: a multicenter randomized controlled trial in Indonesia. 印度尼西亚一项多中心随机对照试验显示,与林格乳酸盐相比,5%白蛋白的早期干预能更好地控制血管完整性和功能。
IF 2.4 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-024-00230-3
Rika Bur, Suhendro Suwarto, Herdiman Theodorus Pohan, Joedo Prihartono, Alida Roswita Harahap, Beti Ernawati Dewi, Mohamad Sadikin, Andhika Rachman, Hadi Yusuf

Background: Dengue virus remains a major public health problem with one of the hallmark pathologies is the vascular leakage caused by endothelial dysfunction which can lead to Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) manifestation. In the status quo, no specific therapy has been discovered but rather heavily relies on judicious and frequent monitoring of intravenous fluids administration. The current guideline has discussed the roles of fluid therapy during the Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) stage, however, administration of early fluid intervention for DHF grade I and II remains uncharted territory. In addition, the choice and timing of colloid administration remains underexplored. As one of the widely available colloids, 5% albumin has known physiological properties that potentially minimize plasma leakage. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the benefit of early intervention of 5% albumin in adults with DHF in the hope of preventing the lethal progression to DSS and further, shorten the length of stay (LOS) for patients.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, open-labeled, randomized controlled trial in Jakarta and Banten to compare the effect of early intervention with 5% albumin in adult patients with DHF compared to Ringer's Lactate (RL). Statistical analyses were conducted using unpaired t-test and Mann-Whitney for normally and abnormally distributed data respectively.

Results: Adult patients with a diagnosis of DHF grade I and II that being hospitalized to receive the early intervention of 5% albumin had significantly lower levels of hemoconcentration 4, 12, and 24 h (p = 0.002, 0.001, 0.003, respectively), higher platelet counts 4 h (p = 0.036), higher serum albumin levels 48 h (p = 0.036), lower proteinuria 24 and 48 h post-albumin administration (p < 0.001, < 0.001, respectively), and shorter LOS (p < 0.001) when compared to the RL group.

Conclusion: Early intervention of 5% albumin showed better control on vascular integrity and function compared to ringer lactate in hospitalized adults with grade I & II DHF, thus halting the progression of DHF into DSS and other related complications which leads to faster recovery and shorter length of stay.

Trial registration: The study was registered to www.

Clinicaltrial: gov with trial registration number NCT04076254, and registration date October 31st 2016.

背景:登革热病毒仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题,其标志性病理之一是由内皮功能障碍引起的血管渗漏,可导致登革出血热(DHF)表现。目前,尚未发现特效疗法,而是严重依赖于对静脉输液进行明智而频繁的监测。现行指南讨论了在登革休克综合征(DSS)阶段进行输液治疗的作用,但对 I 级和 II 级 DHF 进行早期输液干预仍是未知领域。此外,胶体的选择和给药时机仍未得到充分探讨。作为广泛使用的胶体之一,5% 白蛋白具有已知的生理特性,可最大限度地减少血浆渗漏。因此,本研究旨在评估 5%白蛋白早期干预 DHF 成人患者的益处,希望能预防 DSS 的致命进展,并进一步缩短患者的住院时间(LOS):我们在雅加达和万丹开展了一项多中心、开放标签、随机对照试验,以比较在成人 DHF 患者中使用 5%白蛋白与林格乳酸盐(RL)进行早期干预的效果。对正态分布和异常分布的数据分别采用非配对 t 检验和 Mann-Whitney 进行统计分析:结果:确诊为 I 级和 II 级 DHF 的成人患者住院接受 5%白蛋白早期干预后,4、12 和 24 小时的血液浓缩水平明显降低(p = 0.002、0.001、0.003,分别为 0.002、0.001、0.003),4 小时的血小板计数升高(p = 0.036),48 小时的血清白蛋白水平升高(p = 0.036),白蛋白用药后 24 和 48 小时的蛋白尿水平降低(p 结论:5%白蛋白早期干预对 DHF 的治疗效果显著:与林格乳酸盐相比,5%白蛋白的早期干预能更好地控制 I 级和 II 级 DHF 住院成人的血管完整性和功能,从而阻止 DHF 演变为 DSS 及其他相关并发症,使患者更快康复并缩短住院时间:该研究已在 www.Clinicaltrial: gov 注册,试验注册号为 NCT04076254,注册日期为 2016 年 10 月 31 日。
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引用次数: 0
A post-marketing study to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent influenza split-virion vaccine in elderly people aged 60 years and older. 一项针对 60 岁及以上老年人的上市后研究,旨在评估四价流感病毒裂解疫苗的安全性和免疫原性。
IF 2.4 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-024-00228-x
Zengqiang Kou, Xiaoyu Li, Ti Liu, Bei Fan, Wenqi An, Wenjue An, Mingan Dang, Ke Zhang, Jingning Tang, Nan Zhu, Ruowen Pan

Background: Influenza remains a global public health concern. Understanding the vaccination-induced response in an aging population, which is susceptible and at high risk, is essential for disease prevention and control. Here, we report findings on the safety and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent influenza split-virion vaccine (15 µg/subtype/0.5 ml/dose) (hereinafter referred to as the "quadrivalent influenza vaccine") in a population aged ≥ 60 years.

Methods: This open-label, pragmatic post-marketing trial enrolled 1399 older adults to receive one dose of an approved commercially available quadrivalent influenza vaccine manufactured by Hualan Biological Bacterin Inc. (hereinafter referred to as "Hualan Bio"). Participants with contraindications for the vaccine were excluded, while poor health condition was acceptable. All vaccinated subjects experienced adverse events collection within 30 days and serious adverse events within 180 days post-vaccination. 25% subjects, selected randomly, underwent venous blood sampling pre-vaccination and 30 days after post-vaccination, for detecting antibody titers against each subtype of influenza virus by hemagglutination inhibition assay. The incidences of adverse events and antibody titers against each subtype of influenza virus were statistically analyzed using SAS 9.4.

Results: No grade 3 adverse reactions occurred within 30 days post-vaccination. The incidences of overall adverse reactions, local adverse reactions and systemic adverse reactions were 3.79%, 2.86% and 1.00%, respectively. No serious adverse reactions occurred within 180 days post-vaccination. There were 350 subjects who completed venous blood sampling pre-vaccination, among whom 348 subjects completed venous blood sampling at 30 days post-vaccination for immunogenicity assessment. With respect to hemagglutination inhibition antibodies against influenza viruses H1N1, H3N2, BV and BY subtypes, at 30 days post-vaccination, the seroconversion rates were 87.64%, 75.57%, 73.28% and 78.74%, respectively; the seropositive rates were 93.97%, 98.56%, 79.31% and 95.40%, respectively; and the geometric mean increase (GMI) in post-immunization/pre-immunization antibodies was 24.80, 7.26, 10.39 and 7.39, respectively.

Conclusion: One 15 µg/subtype dose of the vaccine had a good safety profile and elicited favorable immunogenicity among subjects aged ≥ 60 years. The results of this study indicate that Hualan Bio quadrivalent influenza vaccine strike balance between safety and immunogenicity, supporting unnecessity to increase dosage or inoculation frequency for further enhancing immunogenicity.

Trial registration: Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Registration number: NCT06334510. Registered on 28/03/2024 (retrospectively registered).

背景:流感仍然是一个全球公共卫生问题。老龄人口是流感的易感人群和高危人群,了解他们对疫苗接种的反应对疾病的预防和控制至关重要。在此,我们报告了四价流感病毒裂解疫苗(15 µg/subtype/0.5 ml/剂量)(以下简称 "四价流感疫苗")在年龄≥ 60 岁人群中的安全性和免疫原性:这项开放标签、实用性的上市后试验招募了1399名老年人,让他们接种一剂由华兰生物菌素公司(以下简称 "华兰生物")生产的已获批准的市售四价流感疫苗。有疫苗接种禁忌症的受试者被排除在外,而健康状况较差的受试者则可以接受。所有接种对象均在接种后 30 天内出现不良反应,180 天内出现严重不良反应。随机抽取 25% 的受试者在接种前和接种后 30 天内进行静脉采血,通过血凝抑制试验检测各亚型流感病毒的抗体滴度。使用 SAS 9.4 对不良反应发生率和各亚型流感病毒抗体滴度进行了统计分析:接种后 30 天内未出现三级不良反应。总体不良反应、局部不良反应和全身不良反应的发生率分别为 3.79%、2.86% 和 1.00%。接种后 180 天内未发生严重不良反应。350名受试者在接种前完成了静脉采血,其中348名受试者在接种后30天完成了静脉采血,以进行免疫原性评估。接种后 30 天,受试者针对 H1N1、H3N2、BV 和 BY 亚型流感病毒的血凝抑制抗体的血清转换率分别为 87.64%、75.57%、73.28% 和 78.74%。74%;血清阳性率分别为 93.97%、98.56%、79.31% 和 95.40%;免疫后/免疫前抗体的几何平均增长(GMI)分别为 24.80、7.26、10.39 和 7.39:在年龄≥ 60 岁的受试者中,一剂 15 µg/subtype 疫苗具有良好的安全性和免疫原性。该研究结果表明,华兰生物四价流感疫苗在安全性和免疫原性之间取得了平衡,无需增加剂量或接种次数以进一步提高免疫原性:试验注册:已在 ClinicalTrials.gov 注册。注册号:NCT06334510:NCT06334510.注册日期:2024 年 3 月 28 日(回顾性注册)。
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引用次数: 0
Cardioembolic stroke in Chagas disease: unraveling the underexplored connection through a systematic review. 南美锥虫病引发的心栓塞性中风:通过系统回顾揭示未充分探索的关联。
IF 2.4 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-024-00227-y
Jorge Vásconez-González, Camila Miño, Juan S Izquierdo-Condoy, Camila Salazar-Santoliva, Andrés López-Cortés, Esteban Ortiz-Prado

Background: Chagas disease (CD), triggered by the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite, is originally endemic across Latin America, affecting millions. While cardiac complications are widely recognized, the association between CD and stroke remains underexplored. This systematic review aims to elucidate the relationship between CD and stroke, highlighting the cardioembolic origins of stroke in CD patients and assessing the elevated stroke risk compared to non-infected individuals.

Methodology: Adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed and Scopus databases without date restrictions, including articles in both Spanish and English. This approach enabled the identification and analysis of relevant studies to understand the interplay between CD and stroke risk.

Results: Our analysis of 25 selected studies indicates that strokes in CD patients predominantly arise from cardioembolic sources. The data underscore a significant increase in stroke risk among individuals infected with T. cruzi compared to uninfected counterparts. Additionally, CD patients face a higher stroke and mortality risk than those with other heart failure etiologies, irrespective of disease severity.

Conclusion: The review establishes CD as a critical contributor to stroke incidence, emphasizing the need for heightened awareness and diagnosis of CD in stroke patients, particularly in regions with high CD prevalence. Recognizing the increased stroke risk associated with T. cruzi infection is crucial for developing targeted educational and preventive strategies in endemic areas.

背景:南美锥虫病(CD)是由南美锥虫引发的,最初在拉丁美洲流行,影响数百万人。虽然心脏并发症已被广泛认识,但 CD 与中风之间的关系仍未得到充分探讨。本系统综述旨在阐明 CD 与中风之间的关系,强调 CD 患者中风的心栓塞起源,并评估与未感染者相比中风风险的升高:根据 PRISMA 指南,我们在 PubMed 和 Scopus 数据库中进行了全面搜索,没有日期限制,包括西班牙语和英语文章。这种方法有助于识别和分析相关研究,以了解 CD 与中风风险之间的相互作用:结果:我们对所选的 25 项研究进行的分析表明,CD 患者的中风主要源于心肌栓塞。这些数据表明,与未感染的同类患者相比,感染了 T. cruzi 的患者中风风险明显增加。此外,与其他心衰病因的患者相比,无论疾病严重程度如何,CD 患者都面临着更高的中风和死亡风险:本综述将 CD 定义为中风发病率的一个重要因素,强调需要提高中风患者对 CD 的认识和诊断,尤其是在 CD 高发地区。认识到与 T. cruzi 感染相关的中风风险增加对于在疾病流行地区制定有针对性的教育和预防策略至关重要。
{"title":"Cardioembolic stroke in Chagas disease: unraveling the underexplored connection through a systematic review.","authors":"Jorge Vásconez-González, Camila Miño, Juan S Izquierdo-Condoy, Camila Salazar-Santoliva, Andrés López-Cortés, Esteban Ortiz-Prado","doi":"10.1186/s40794-024-00227-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40794-024-00227-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chagas disease (CD), triggered by the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite, is originally endemic across Latin America, affecting millions. While cardiac complications are widely recognized, the association between CD and stroke remains underexplored. This systematic review aims to elucidate the relationship between CD and stroke, highlighting the cardioembolic origins of stroke in CD patients and assessing the elevated stroke risk compared to non-infected individuals.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed and Scopus databases without date restrictions, including articles in both Spanish and English. This approach enabled the identification and analysis of relevant studies to understand the interplay between CD and stroke risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis of 25 selected studies indicates that strokes in CD patients predominantly arise from cardioembolic sources. The data underscore a significant increase in stroke risk among individuals infected with T. cruzi compared to uninfected counterparts. Additionally, CD patients face a higher stroke and mortality risk than those with other heart failure etiologies, irrespective of disease severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The review establishes CD as a critical contributor to stroke incidence, emphasizing the need for heightened awareness and diagnosis of CD in stroke patients, particularly in regions with high CD prevalence. Recognizing the increased stroke risk associated with T. cruzi infection is crucial for developing targeted educational and preventive strategies in endemic areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":23303,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines","volume":"10 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11366139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines
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