K. Chanchala, K. Hemachandra, L. Nugaliyadde, V. Wanasinghe, W. Witharama
Screen ABSTRACT Deltocephalus menoni is a sap-sucking insect causing severe losses to the cane sugar industry by feeding on the crop and acting as the vector of Sugarcane white leaf disease (WLD) in Sri Lanka. This study was conducted to determine the most preferred age of the sugarcane plant for optimum feeding of D. menoni . Sugarcane plants of the varieties SL 92 5588, SL 97 1442, SLC 2009 01, and SL 96 128 at six age categories from 1-6
{"title":"Varietal Screen for Susceptible stage of Saccharum hybrids for Deltocephalus menoni (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), vector of sugarcane White Leaf Disease","authors":"K. Chanchala, K. Hemachandra, L. Nugaliyadde, V. Wanasinghe, W. Witharama","doi":"10.4038/tar.v33i1.8534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/tar.v33i1.8534","url":null,"abstract":"Screen ABSTRACT Deltocephalus menoni is a sap-sucking insect causing severe losses to the cane sugar industry by feeding on the crop and acting as the vector of Sugarcane white leaf disease (WLD) in Sri Lanka. This study was conducted to determine the most preferred age of the sugarcane plant for optimum feeding of D. menoni . Sugarcane plants of the varieties SL 92 5588, SL 97 1442, SLC 2009 01, and SL 96 128 at six age categories from 1-6","PeriodicalId":23313,"journal":{"name":"Tropical agricultural research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47839316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Gunarathna, H. V. A. Wikramasuriya, M. Jayathilaka, W. Wijesuriya
The adoption of the 1/2S d/2 tapping system by rubber smallholders is far behind the expectation of the Rubber Research Institute of Sri Lanka in Moneragala District. This study has assessed the behavioral factors that influence the adoption of the 1/2S d/2 tapping system. Data were collected using stratified random sampling. A self-administrated survey was deployed among rubber smallholders (self-tappers) in Moneragala District during 2020. The conceptual model was developed based on the decomposed theory of planned behavior. Study variables were measured using validated research instruments.
{"title":"Behavioral Factors Influencing the Adoption of 1/2S d/2 Tapping System by Smallholder Rubber Farmers in Moneragala District","authors":"P. Gunarathna, H. V. A. Wikramasuriya, M. Jayathilaka, W. Wijesuriya","doi":"10.4038/tar.v33i1.8524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/tar.v33i1.8524","url":null,"abstract":"The adoption of the 1/2S d/2 tapping system by rubber smallholders is far behind the expectation of the Rubber Research Institute of Sri Lanka in Moneragala District. This study has assessed the behavioral factors that influence the adoption of the 1/2S d/2 tapping system. Data were collected using stratified random sampling. A self-administrated survey was deployed among rubber smallholders (self-tappers) in Moneragala District during 2020. The conceptual model was developed based on the decomposed theory of planned behavior. Study variables were measured using validated research instruments.","PeriodicalId":23313,"journal":{"name":"Tropical agricultural research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47466530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The potential of microbial communities for organic C decomposition is a crucial factor determining CO 2 emissions from soil, C storage, and short-term nutrient turnover. We conducted a study to assess cellulose decomposition potential (CDP) of soils as affected by vegetable cultivation. Ten sites cultivated with vegetables and five sites under natural vegetation, distributed in Atulugama and Kanangama Grama Nilaldhari divisions in Kegalle District of Sri Lanka, were selected for the study. The cultivated lands have been managed with organic fertilizers (n=4), synthetic fertilizers (n=3), or a combination of both types of fertilizers (n=3). Soils collected at 0-15 cm depth were used in a laboratory incubation
{"title":"Cellulose Decomposition Potential of Soil as Affected by Vegetable Cultivation: A Case Study in Kegalle District, Sri Lanka","authors":"W. Wickramaarachchi, W. Dandeniya","doi":"10.4038/tar.v33i1.8531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/tar.v33i1.8531","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of microbial communities for organic C decomposition is a crucial factor determining CO 2 emissions from soil, C storage, and short-term nutrient turnover. We conducted a study to assess cellulose decomposition potential (CDP) of soils as affected by vegetable cultivation. Ten sites cultivated with vegetables and five sites under natural vegetation, distributed in Atulugama and Kanangama Grama Nilaldhari divisions in Kegalle District of Sri Lanka, were selected for the study. The cultivated lands have been managed with organic fertilizers (n=4), synthetic fertilizers (n=3), or a combination of both types of fertilizers (n=3). Soils collected at 0-15 cm depth were used in a laboratory incubation","PeriodicalId":23313,"journal":{"name":"Tropical agricultural research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42495100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The majority of the vegetables moving through traditional supply chains pass via Dambulla Dedicated Economic Centre (DDEC), which is the main wholesale market in Sri Lanka, to the regional markets. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the Sri Lankan government implemented several measures to keep vegetable markets of the country integrated. The objective of this study was to examine the degree of market integration of nine regional wholesale vegetable markets with DDEC in Sri Lanka during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pairwise comparisons between vegetable prices at DDEC and regional markets were done using Engle- Granger Co-integration test to achieve this objective. The analysis was carried out in the first differenced form, which conformed to the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) tests of stationarity. Short-run price disequilibrium was tested using Vector Auto-Regression Model (VAR) and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Weekly wholesale prices of beans, carrot, tomato, and brinjal markets during 2018-2021 were used for the analysis. The results revealed that only bean markets in Dehiaththakandiya, Thambuttegama, Nuwara Eliya, Meegoda, and Colombo wholesale vegetable markets depicted cointegrated behaviour with DDEC during the COVID-19 period. None of the other vegetable markets were integrated spatially with DDEC during the COVID-19 period. Before the pandemic, except in Ampara, Colombo and Dehiaththakandiya regional markets, all the other regional markets for beans, carrot, tomato, and brinjal were spatially integrated with DDEC either long run or short run. In conclusion, despite various government interventions to keep the vegetable market channels smoothly and consistently, the COVID-19 has negatively affected on price transmission of the vegetable marketing system of the country.
{"title":"Spatial Integration of Vegetable Markets of Sri Lanka during COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"D. Kumari, J. Weerahewa, D. Hemachandra","doi":"10.4038/tar.v33i1.8538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/tar.v33i1.8538","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of the vegetables moving through traditional supply chains pass via Dambulla Dedicated Economic Centre (DDEC), which is the main wholesale market in Sri Lanka, to the regional markets. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the Sri Lankan government implemented several measures to keep vegetable markets of the country integrated. The objective of this study was to examine the degree of market integration of nine regional wholesale vegetable markets with DDEC in Sri Lanka during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pairwise comparisons between vegetable prices at DDEC and regional markets were done using Engle- Granger Co-integration test to achieve this objective. The analysis was carried out in the first differenced form, which conformed to the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) tests of stationarity. Short-run price disequilibrium was tested using Vector Auto-Regression Model (VAR) and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Weekly wholesale prices of beans, carrot, tomato, and brinjal markets during 2018-2021 were used for the analysis. The results revealed that only bean markets in Dehiaththakandiya, Thambuttegama, Nuwara Eliya, Meegoda, and Colombo wholesale vegetable markets depicted cointegrated behaviour with DDEC during the COVID-19 period. None of the other vegetable markets were integrated spatially with DDEC during the COVID-19 period. Before the pandemic, except in Ampara, Colombo and Dehiaththakandiya regional markets, all the other regional markets for beans, carrot, tomato, and brinjal were spatially integrated with DDEC either long run or short run. In conclusion, despite various government interventions to keep the vegetable market channels smoothly and consistently, the COVID-19 has negatively affected on price transmission of the vegetable marketing system of the country.","PeriodicalId":23313,"journal":{"name":"Tropical agricultural research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44934686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Kumari, C. Weebadde, P. Bandaranayake, M. Corrales, R. Rajapakshe
validation of molecular markers for the gene introgression. ABSTRACT Bean rust caused by Uromyces appendiculatus fungus is one of the most destructive diseases reported in temperate , tropical, and sub-tropical regions, affecting the quality and quantity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) yield. The present study aimed to improve the breeding process of snap beans for rust resistance by identification of inheritance patterns of resistant genes using phenotypic and molecular markers. Among the different genes identified, Ur-11 has wide-spectrum resistance to 89
{"title":"Snap Bean Breeding for Rust Resistance: Validation of Molecular Markers for The Ur-11 Gene Introgression","authors":"H. Kumari, C. Weebadde, P. Bandaranayake, M. Corrales, R. Rajapakshe","doi":"10.4038/tar.v33i1.8535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/tar.v33i1.8535","url":null,"abstract":"validation of molecular markers for the gene introgression. ABSTRACT Bean rust caused by Uromyces appendiculatus fungus is one of the most destructive diseases reported in temperate , tropical, and sub-tropical regions, affecting the quality and quantity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) yield. The present study aimed to improve the breeding process of snap beans for rust resistance by identification of inheritance patterns of resistant genes using phenotypic and molecular markers. Among the different genes identified, Ur-11 has wide-spectrum resistance to 89","PeriodicalId":23313,"journal":{"name":"Tropical agricultural research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48535461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Dandeniya, Y. Wijerathna, P. Palihakkara, Y. Mithrasena
Understanding the mechanisms involved in iron (Fe) toxicity tolerance of rice would help to develop technologies to ensure maximum utilization of affected lands. This study was conducted to investigate whether soil microorganisms affect Fe uptake by rice plant and whether there are any varietal differences in relation to rhizosphere oxidizing powers. Three rice varieties with different Fe toxicity tolerance capacities were selected [BW 267-3 (tolerant), BW 363 (moderately tolerant) and BW 272-6b (susceptible)]. A pot experiment was conducted in a three-factor factorial design; soil with and without
{"title":"Soil Microorganisms Increase Mobility of Iron to Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Plants","authors":"W. Dandeniya, Y. Wijerathna, P. Palihakkara, Y. Mithrasena","doi":"10.4038/tar.v33i1.8449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/tar.v33i1.8449","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the mechanisms involved in iron (Fe) toxicity tolerance of rice would help to develop technologies to ensure maximum utilization of affected lands. This study was conducted to investigate whether soil microorganisms affect Fe uptake by rice plant and whether there are any varietal differences in relation to rhizosphere oxidizing powers. Three rice varieties with different Fe toxicity tolerance capacities were selected [BW 267-3 (tolerant), BW 363 (moderately tolerant) and BW 272-6b (susceptible)]. A pot experiment was conducted in a three-factor factorial design; soil with and without","PeriodicalId":23313,"journal":{"name":"Tropical agricultural research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46871413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Idli is a common flour based fermented food prepared using lactic acid bacteria which bear probiotic properties, consumed in Sri Lanka and some parts of India. The objective of the present study was to characterize the lactic acid bacteria from idli batter, identify the changes of acidity during fermentation and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity of isolates. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated and characterized up to genus level. Subsequently, antibiotic susceptibility of isolates against four antibiotics was studied. Changes of pH, lactic acid bacterial count and titratable acidity with fermentation were determined. The pH value dropped steadily from 6.28 to 3.72 while titratable acidity increased from 0.24 to 0.92% during the fermentation period of 0 to 32 h. With fermentation, the lactic acid bacterial count was increased up to 9.88 log10cfu/g after 12 hours of fermentation and the count reduced with increasing acidity. A bacterial count of 5.91 log10cfu/g was recorded at the end of 32 hours of fermentation. Ten lactic acid bacteria isolates were identified from idli batter, of which six isolates were rod shaped and other four were cocci. All isolates were Gram positive, non-motile, no n-spore formers and catalase negative. According to the above tests, it was confirmed up to the genus level that all strains be longed to Lactic acid bacteria. All isolates were susceptible to more than two antibiotics. The diameter of the zone of inhibition ranged from 1-23 mm. The highest zone of inhibition was observed in isolates I-6 against chloromphenicol (23 mm) while the lowest zone of inhibition was observed in isolates I-2 against erythromycin (1 mm). With fermentation the biochemic al and sensory qualities of idli batter were changed. Lactic Acid Bacteria isolates showed different sensitivity towards antibiotics tested.
{"title":"Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Idli Batter and their Susceptibility to Antibiotics","authors":"D. Bernard, N. Jeyagowri, T. Madhujith","doi":"10.4038/tar.v32i4.8513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/tar.v32i4.8513","url":null,"abstract":"Idli is a common flour based fermented food prepared using lactic acid bacteria which bear probiotic properties, consumed in Sri Lanka and some parts of India. The objective of the present study was to characterize the lactic acid bacteria from idli batter, identify the changes of acidity during fermentation and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity of isolates. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated and characterized up to genus level. Subsequently, antibiotic susceptibility of isolates against four antibiotics was studied. Changes of pH, lactic acid bacterial count and titratable acidity with fermentation were determined. The pH value dropped steadily from 6.28 to 3.72 while titratable acidity increased from 0.24 to 0.92% during the fermentation period of 0 to 32 h. With fermentation, the lactic acid bacterial count was increased up to 9.88 log10cfu/g after 12 hours of fermentation and the count reduced with increasing acidity. A bacterial count of 5.91 log10cfu/g was recorded at the end of 32 hours of fermentation. Ten lactic acid bacteria isolates were identified from idli batter, of which six isolates were rod shaped and other four were cocci. All isolates were Gram positive, non-motile, no n-spore formers and catalase negative. According to the above tests, it was confirmed up to the genus level that all strains be longed to Lactic acid bacteria. All isolates were susceptible to more than two antibiotics. The diameter of the zone of inhibition ranged from 1-23 mm. The highest zone of inhibition was observed in isolates I-6 against chloromphenicol (23 mm) while the lowest zone of inhibition was observed in isolates I-2 against erythromycin (1 mm). With fermentation the biochemic al and sensory qualities of idli batter were changed. Lactic Acid Bacteria isolates showed different sensitivity towards antibiotics tested.","PeriodicalId":23313,"journal":{"name":"Tropical agricultural research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44168593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Compared with other crops, legumes have superior ability to mobilize part of non-labile phosphorus (P) into labile/available forms. We explored the P-mobilization potential of selected grain legumes and its influence on growth, P uptake, and yield under P-deficient conditions. A pot experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with soybean (Glycine max L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.), green gram (Vigna radiata L.), and black gram (Vigna mungo L.) with two P fertilizer applications; without (Pdeficient) and with (P-sufficient) Department of Agriculture recommended rates of triple super phosphate. Each crop was harvested at maturity and the bulk and rhizosphere soils were collected to quantify different P fractions using Hedley’s sequential fractionation. Dry weight and P accumulation in different plant organs, i.e. roots, stems, leaves, and pods, were measured. Most plant organs maintained similar dry weight and tissue-P concentration irrespective of the P levels applied. All crops reduced their total plant-P uptake under P-deficient conditions. However, this did not make any change in either pod dry weight or P concentration of pods. Soybean and mung bean had a greater P accumulation compared to cowpea and black gram under both P levels. In contrast, cowpea and black gram showed improved P use efficiency (PUE) than other two legumes. Available P concentration (NaHCO3-P) in rhizosphere soil is greater than that in bulk soil in soybean and cowpea whereas the rhizosphere NaHCO3-P content in mung bean was greatly decreased compared to that of bulk soil when the crop was cultivated in P-deficient soil. The concentration of non-labile P fraction in rhizosphere of all grain legumes were significantly low compared to that of the bulk soil. Results suggest that selected grain legumes could be cultivated in P-deficient soil as they can adapt either through enhancing P uptake or increasing PUE.
与其他作物相比，豆类具有将部分不稳定磷转化为不稳定/有效形式的优越能力。我们探讨了在缺磷条件下，所选谷物豆类的磷动员潜力及其对生长、磷吸收和产量的影响。在温室中用大豆（Glycine max L.）、豇豆（Vigna ungugillata L.）、绿豌豆（Vignna radiata L.）和黑豌豆（Vinna mungo L.）进行了盆栽试验，并施用了两种磷肥；无（P有效）和（P充足）农业部推荐的三重超磷酸盐用量。每种作物在成熟时收获，并收集大量土壤和根际土壤，以使用Hedley序列分级法量化不同的磷组分。测定了不同植物器官，即根、茎、叶和荚的干重和磷积累。无论施用的磷水平如何，大多数植物器官都保持着相似的干重和组织磷浓度。在缺磷条件下，所有作物都降低了植物对磷的总吸收。然而，这并没有改变荚的干重或磷浓度。在两种磷水平下，大豆和绿豆的磷积累量均大于豇豆和黑豆。与其他两种豆类相比，豇豆和黑豆表现出更高的磷利用效率。大豆和豇豆根际土壤的有效磷浓度（NaHCO3-P）高于大块土壤，而在缺磷土壤中种植时，绿豆根际NaHCO3-P含量显著低于大块土壤。与大块土壤相比，所有豆类作物根际不稳定磷组分的浓度均显著较低。结果表明，选择的谷物豆类可以在缺磷土壤中种植，因为它们可以通过提高磷吸收或增加PUE来适应。
{"title":"Phosphorus Mobilizing Capacity of Selected Grain Legumes Grown Under Phosphorus-Deficient Conditions","authors":"T. G. R. M. Thennegedara, D. Dissanayaka","doi":"10.4038/tar.v32i4.8413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/tar.v32i4.8413","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with other crops, legumes have superior ability to mobilize part of non-labile phosphorus (P) into labile/available forms. We explored the P-mobilization potential of selected grain legumes and its influence on growth, P uptake, and yield under P-deficient conditions. A pot experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with soybean (Glycine max L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.), green gram (Vigna radiata L.), and black gram (Vigna mungo L.) with two P fertilizer applications; without (Pdeficient) and with (P-sufficient) Department of Agriculture recommended rates of triple super phosphate. Each crop was harvested at maturity and the bulk and rhizosphere soils were collected to quantify different P fractions using Hedley’s sequential fractionation. Dry weight and P accumulation in different plant organs, i.e. roots, stems, leaves, and pods, were measured. Most plant organs maintained similar dry weight and tissue-P concentration irrespective of the P levels applied. All crops reduced their total plant-P uptake under P-deficient conditions. However, this did not make any change in either pod dry weight or P concentration of pods. Soybean and mung bean had a greater P accumulation compared to cowpea and black gram under both P levels. In contrast, cowpea and black gram showed improved P use efficiency (PUE) than other two legumes. Available P concentration (NaHCO3-P) in rhizosphere soil is greater than that in bulk soil in soybean and cowpea whereas the rhizosphere NaHCO3-P content in mung bean was greatly decreased compared to that of bulk soil when the crop was cultivated in P-deficient soil. The concentration of non-labile P fraction in rhizosphere of all grain legumes were significantly low compared to that of the bulk soil. Results suggest that selected grain legumes could be cultivated in P-deficient soil as they can adapt either through enhancing P uptake or increasing PUE.","PeriodicalId":23313,"journal":{"name":"Tropical agricultural research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45977656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. D. Ranasinghe, D. M. Costa, R. S. Dharmakeerthi
Isolation of DNA from environmental samples is a crucial step in microbial community analyses through molecular methods. The present study was conducted to evaluate a DNA extraction protocol from paddy soil with a comparison on quality, quantity and integrity of the isolated DNA and to determine the suitability of extracted DNA for downstream applications in microbial community analyses. Three protocols (i.e. PEG/NaCl, Mannitol/C TAB and Sodium Phosphate Buffer) used for the extraction of DNA from different types of soil were attempted on paddy soil. The quality and quantity of the extracted genomic DNA was quantified spectrophotometrically and integrity was checked by gel electrophoresis. The efficiency of DNA extraction by the three protocols was compared with a commercia l soil DNA extraction kit (Norgen’s Soil DNA Isolation Plus Kit). Further, quality of the extracted DNA for PCR amplification was assessed using universal primer pairs for bacteria and fungi. DNA extracted using PEG/NaCl method resulted in the highest DNA concentration, while the highest purity was recorded by the DNA extracted by Mannitol/CTAB method (A 260/A280 = 1.61 and A260/A230 = 1.15). Expected PCR products targeting 16s rDNA and ITS regions were obtained from the DNA samples extracted by Mannitol/CTAB method. Therefore, Mannitol/CTAB method used in the present study is suitable to extract high-quality DNA from paddy soil for molecular microbial studies.
从环境样本中分离DNA是通过分子方法进行微生物群落分析的关键步骤。本研究旨在通过比较分离DNA的质量、数量和完整性，评估从水稻土中提取DNA的方案，并确定提取DNA在微生物群落分析中的下游应用的适用性。在水稻土上尝试了三种从不同类型土壤中提取DNA的方案（即PEG/NaCl、甘露醇/C-TAB和磷酸钠缓冲液）。用分光光度法定量提取的基因组DNA的质量和数量，并用凝胶电泳检查其完整性。将三种方案的DNA提取效率与商业土壤DNA提取试剂盒（Norgen’s soil DNA Isolation Plus kit）进行比较。此外，使用细菌和真菌的通用引物对提取的用于PCR扩增的DNA的质量进行评估。用PEG/NaCl提取的DNA浓度最高，而用甘露醇/CTAB提取的DNA纯度最高（A260/A280=1.61和A260/A230=1.15）。因此，本研究采用的甘露醇/CTAB法适合于从水稻土中提取高质量的DNA进行分子微生物研究。
{"title":"Evaluation of Some Potential Protocols to Extract DNA from Paddy Soil","authors":"T. D. Ranasinghe, D. M. Costa, R. S. Dharmakeerthi","doi":"10.4038/tar.v32i4.8509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/tar.v32i4.8509","url":null,"abstract":"Isolation of DNA from environmental samples is a crucial step in microbial community analyses through molecular methods. The present study was conducted to evaluate a DNA extraction protocol from paddy soil with a comparison on quality, quantity and integrity of the isolated DNA and to determine the suitability of extracted DNA for downstream applications in microbial community analyses. Three protocols (i.e. PEG/NaCl, Mannitol/C TAB and Sodium Phosphate Buffer) used for the extraction of DNA from different types of soil were attempted on paddy soil. The quality and quantity of the extracted genomic DNA was quantified spectrophotometrically and integrity was checked by gel electrophoresis. The efficiency of DNA extraction by the three protocols was compared with a commercia l soil DNA extraction kit (Norgen’s Soil DNA Isolation Plus Kit). Further, quality of the extracted DNA for PCR amplification was assessed using universal primer pairs for bacteria and fungi. DNA extracted using PEG/NaCl method resulted in the highest DNA concentration, while the highest purity was recorded by the DNA extracted by Mannitol/CTAB method (A 260/A280 = 1.61 and A260/A230 = 1.15). Expected PCR products targeting 16s rDNA and ITS regions were obtained from the DNA samples extracted by Mannitol/CTAB method. Therefore, Mannitol/CTAB method used in the present study is suitable to extract high-quality DNA from paddy soil for molecular microbial studies.","PeriodicalId":23313,"journal":{"name":"Tropical agricultural research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47384248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gladiolus is one of the cut flowers in much demand throughout the world due to its spectacular colorful bloom and long shelf life. Corm and cormels are the major propagative units for this plant. However, lower multiplication rate is a great hindrance for commercia l production. This experiment was conducted at research plots of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during the period of October 2017 to May 2018. The two-factor experiment included plant spacing (S 1=25 cm x 20 cm, S2 = 20 cm x 30 cm, S3 = 25 cm x 30 cm) as factor A and corm size (C1 = Small corm, 30±2 g, C2 = Medium corm, 35±2 g, C3 = Large corm 40 g to 65 g) as factor B. Hence, nine combinations were set up as treatments with three replicates in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to explore improvement of corm and cormel production of gladiolus. Positive responses were found in experimental parameter s such as corm diameter, weight of corm and cormels per plant, weight of corm and cormels per plot and yield of corms and cormels with increasing plant density and corm size. Results of the experiment revealed that yield of corms (23.08 t/ha) and yield of cormels (16.12 t/ha) were the highest with the treatment combination S3C3. This investigation concluded with the g reatest corm and cormel production of gladiolus through the combination of wider plant spacing and large corm size under experimental conditions in Bangladesh.
唐菖蒲因其艳丽的花朵和较长的保质期而成为世界各地需求量大的切花之一。球茎和球茎是该植物的主要繁殖单位。然而，较低的增殖率是商业生产的一大障碍。本实验于2017年10月至2018年5月在孟加拉国迈门辛的孟加拉国农业大学研究区进行。双因素实验包括株距（S1=25 cm x 20 cm，S2=20 cm x 30 cm，S3=25 cm×30 cm）作为因子A，球茎大小（C1=小球茎，30±2 g，C2=中球茎，35±2 g；C3=大球茎，40 g至65 g）作为因子B。因此，在随机完全区组设计（RCBD）中，建立了九个组合作为三个重复的处理，以探索唐菖蒲球茎和球茎产量的改善。随着植株密度和球茎大小的增加，球茎直径、单株球茎和球茎重量、每块地球茎和球茎的重量以及球茎和球茎产量等实验参数均呈阳性反应。试验结果表明，S3C3处理的球茎产量（23.08t/ha）和球茎产量（16.12t/ha）最高。本研究的结论是，在孟加拉国的实验条件下，通过更宽的植物间距和大球茎尺寸的组合，唐菖蒲的球茎和球茎产量最高。
{"title":"Corm and Cormel Production Improvement of Gladiolus by Spacing and Size","authors":"N. Methela, M. Islam","doi":"10.4038/tar.v32i4.8409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/tar.v32i4.8409","url":null,"abstract":"Gladiolus is one of the cut flowers in much demand throughout the world due to its spectacular colorful bloom and long shelf life. Corm and cormels are the major propagative units for this plant. However, lower multiplication rate is a great hindrance for commercia l production. This experiment was conducted at research plots of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during the period of October 2017 to May 2018. The two-factor experiment included plant spacing (S 1=25 cm x 20 cm, S2 = 20 cm x 30 cm, S3 = 25 cm x 30 cm) as factor A and corm size (C1 = Small corm, 30±2 g, C2 = Medium corm, 35±2 g, C3 = Large corm 40 g to 65 g) as factor B. Hence, nine combinations were set up as treatments with three replicates in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to explore improvement of corm and cormel production of gladiolus. Positive responses were found in experimental parameter s such as corm diameter, weight of corm and cormels per plant, weight of corm and cormels per plot and yield of corms and cormels with increasing plant density and corm size. Results of the experiment revealed that yield of corms (23.08 t/ha) and yield of cormels (16.12 t/ha) were the highest with the treatment combination S3C3. This investigation concluded with the g reatest corm and cormel production of gladiolus through the combination of wider plant spacing and large corm size under experimental conditions in Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":23313,"journal":{"name":"Tropical agricultural research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44357361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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