Voprosy meditsinskoi khimii最新文献

The effect of micronized fenofibrate (Lipanthyl 200 M, Laboratoire Fournier, France, in dose 200 mg per day) on the serum level of 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol (7 alpha-(OH)C) was studied in 10 men (aged 31-60 years) with hyperlipidemia (total C > 6.5 mmol/l). The levels of 7 alpha-(OH)C as well as that of total C, LDL C, VLDL C and HDL C and triglycerides (Tg) were measured before Lipanthyl 200 M treatment (point 0) and after 1, 2 and 3 months of the drug administration. The content of 7 alpha-(OH)C was determined by the reversed phase HPLC after the enzymatic conversion of serum 7 alpha-(OH)C to 7 alpha-(OH)-4-cholesten-3-one in cholesterol oxidase reaction. 7 beta-(OH)C was used as the internal recovery standard. Lipanthyl treatment resulted in considerable reduction of total C, VLDL C and LDL C levels and 7 alpha-(OH)C content. After the second and third months of therapy serum levels of 7 alpha-(OH)C were significantly reduced from 1.3 +/- 0.1 to 0.8 +/- 0.2 and 0.7 +/- 0.1 mumol/l; (P < 0.02). The decrease of 7 alpha-(OH)C content was associated with the decrease in Tg and VLDL C levels. Thus, our data suggest that the level of 7 alpha-(OH)C of in human serum may be used as an indicator of intensity of cholesterol oxidation into bile acids.

The status of businesses in Russia and abroad on production of the biologically-active food additives, and in particular is considered on the basis of plant raw. Taking into account the presence in Russia of the richest raw plant market, and in a view of deficit in the country of preventive herbal drugs the development of the long-term state target program of their production and creation of the effective system of standardization and control behind quality, safety and effectivency of operation of these drugs is offered.

The chronic heparin deficiency achieved by long-term treatment (for 3 weeks) with protamine-sulfate is accompanied by the development of stable hyperglycemia, decreased glucose tolerance, and the appearance of insulin resistance. Administration of exogenous heparin promotes the restoration of normoglycemia.

Neuro-, hepato- and geno-toxic effects of the industrial xenobiotic, acrylamide, were studied in intact rats and in rats with induced phenobarbital- and 3-methylholanthren-dependent isoforms of cytochrome P-450. The induction of the first isoform increased neuro- and hepato-toxic effects of acrylamide and decreased the extent of cell genome damage. Activation of the 3-methylholanthren-dependent cytochrome had no influence on the toxicity of this xenobiotic. Realisation of toxic effects of acrylamide may involve a decrease of the carbohydrate energy metabolism, but in the intact organism these processes precede the induction of the phenobarbital-dependent cytochrome P450.

Unlabelled: 53 patients with lung tuberculosis were divided in 3 groups in accordance with severity of disease. Leukocyte elastase, cationic proteins in neutrophils, activities of alpha 1-proteinase and alpha 2-macroglobulin were determined in patients' plasma. Thromboelastographic, coagulating, fibrinolytic indices, and antithrombin III activity were also determined in 28 patients of all 3 groups. Results demonstrated the high level of leukocyte elastase (6-fold more than normal) in plasma of patients with acute tuberculosis process. This group of patients demonstrated activation of intravascular coagulation proceeded on the background of significant decrease (up to 60%) of AT III activity.

Conclusion: Acuity and severity of tuberculosis process in lung may be characterized by high activity of leukocyte elastase. Degranulating activity of neutrophils and releasing of elastase are the reason of AT III deficiency and increasing of intravascular coagulating activity in tuberculosis patients.

The metabolic changes in rat liver were studied during a reduction period after the overheating (25 min, 42 degrees C) using the isolated organ perfusion. First six hours after the treatment were characterised by a decrease of the respiration rate, the activation of glycolysis and an exhaustion of hepatic carbohydrate resources. The development of adaptive reaction resulted in the recovery of respiration rate to 18 h. This may provide subsequent restoration of hepatic metabolism and normalisation of the organ functioning.

Immobilization stress leads to the increase of 99mTc-pyrophosphate accumulation in the heart that points to the cardiomyocyte damage. The stress-reaction was accompanied by a decrease of protein synthesis rate in the heart muscle and immunoreactive insulin level in blood plasma and increase of blood plasma cortisol and aldosteron. Pretreatment with agonists mu-opioid receptors DALDA and DAGO (0.1 mg/kg intraperitonealy (i.p.) twice during stress) completely prevented the stress-induction decrease of myocardial protein synthesis rate, heart damage and hormonal imbalance. Cycloheximide administration (0.3 mg/kg i.p.) increased rats myocardial membrane injury during immobilization and reduced cardioprotective effect of DALDA.

The serum glucose concentration, HbAc1, fructoseamine, the activity of AST, ALT, amylase, glycogen content and glucokinase activity in rat hepatocytes were examined in streptozotocin-diabetic rats during long-term orthovanadate and vanadyl sulphate treatment. The improvement of this parameters were demonstrated after oral orthovanadate and vanadyl sulphate administration. However, insulin-mimetic properties of vanadyl sulphate were more marked in comparison with orthovanadate. LD-50 and cytotoxicity analysis in isolated hepatocytes showed that vanadyl sulphate was less toxic than orthovanadate.

Recent literature data on the mechanisms responsible for oxidative stress at infectious diseases and methods of their correction are reviewed.

The main events caused by anaphilaxis in selenium haemostasis in rats include significant increase of selenium excretion with urine (6.36 +/- 1.18 nM Se/18 h., n = 10, compared with 1.72 +/- 0.38 nM Se/18 h., n = 10) and decrease of selenium plasma/selenium erythrocytes ratio from 0.939 to 0.791. Reduced glutathione (G-SH) administration led to 1.5-fold decrease of plasma selenium level and 1.3-fold increase of selenium concentration in intestinal walls of sensitized rats (r = -0.720, P < 0.001). Chromatographic separation of plasma proteins showed that intragastric intubation of G-SH to sensibilized rats significantly decreased the protein P content and did not influence the concentration of Se-GSHPx, thus indicating the local selenium acceptor role of G-SH. G-SH administration did not influence the intestinal permeability in sensitised rats while use of complex additive: G-SH and selenium enriched spirulina--normalized the latter parameter and the ratio of protein P/Se-GSHPx in plasma.