A wide range of solar energy applications can benefit from the parabolic collector, including power generation, heating, and cooling. One of the most important parameters that affect the performance of a parabolic trough collector is its rim angle. This study examines how to rim angle affects the intensity of incoming photons reflected from the collector surface to the receiver. Flux distribution was simulated employing Ray tracing Simulation software. Out of 3000 photons employed in the experiment, 126 to 1608 photons were reflected from the collector to the receiver. A narrower rim angle results in a greater number of photons reflected per aperture width. A smaller aperture width also produces more photons for the focal length range studied.
{"title":"Variation of Flux Reflected in Solar Parabolic trough Collectors with Rim Angle","authors":"H. Al-Tahaineh","doi":"10.48103/jjeci510022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48103/jjeci510022","url":null,"abstract":"A wide range of solar energy applications can benefit from the parabolic collector, including power generation, heating, and cooling. One of the most important parameters that affect the performance of a parabolic trough collector is its rim angle. This study\u0000examines how to rim angle affects the intensity of incoming photons reflected from the collector surface to the receiver. Flux distribution was simulated employing Ray tracing Simulation software. Out of 3000 photons employed in the experiment, 126 to\u00001608 photons were reflected from the collector to the receiver. A narrower rim angle results in a greater number of photons reflected per aperture width. A smaller aperture width also produces more photons for the focal length range studied.","PeriodicalId":23539,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1, Issue 3","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81391195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The geometric optimizations, relative stabilities, and infrared spectroscopy analyses of the 1-methylcyclopropene and methylenecyclopropane tautomers were all accomplished using a combination of CCSD and DFT methods. Data that demonstrate the relative stability of the endo-en and exo-en forms were examined. The thermodynamic results showed that methylenecyclopropane is the more stable isomer at the B3LYP / aug-cc-PVDZ level of theory, with enthalpy (H=12.4kcal/mol and Gibbs energy (G=11.7kcal/mol) lower than that for 1-methylcyclopropene. These results and those from the preceding experiments are in perfect agreement. The vibrational frequencies and geometrical factors that were discovered in earlier studies also show strong consistency. Additionally, the CCSD/ aug-ccPVDZ level of theory was used to calculate molecular orbitals such as natural bond orbitals (NBOs), HOMO-LUMO energy gaps, and electrostatic potential (ESP) surfaces. It was explained how crucial it is to choose the most stable tautomer while manufacturing 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), which is used to control fruit quality in the post-harvest environment.
{"title":"Comparative Stability of 1-Methylcyclopropene and Methylenecyclopropane Tautomers: Ab initio and DFT Study","authors":"Ashraf Al-Msiedeen","doi":"10.48103/jjeci5122022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48103/jjeci5122022","url":null,"abstract":"The geometric optimizations, relative stabilities, and infrared spectroscopy analyses of the 1-methylcyclopropene and methylenecyclopropane tautomers were all accomplished using a combination of CCSD and DFT methods. Data that demonstrate the relative stability of the endo-en and exo-en forms were examined. The thermodynamic results showed that methylenecyclopropane is the\u0000more stable isomer at the B3LYP / aug-cc-PVDZ level of theory, with enthalpy (H=12.4kcal/mol and Gibbs energy (G=11.7kcal/mol) lower than that for 1-methylcyclopropene. These results and those from the preceding experiments are in perfect agreement. The vibrational frequencies and geometrical factors that were discovered in earlier studies also show strong consistency. Additionally, the CCSD/ aug-ccPVDZ level of theory was used to calculate molecular orbitals such as natural bond orbitals (NBOs), HOMO-LUMO energy gaps, and electrostatic potential (ESP) surfaces. It was explained how crucial it is to choose the most stable tautomer while manufacturing 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), which is used to control fruit quality in the post-harvest environment.","PeriodicalId":23539,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1, Issue 3","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72755077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to develop a kinetic model for natural kaolinite as a potential tar removal catalyst in biomass gasification processes. The catalyst was crushed, sieved (0.2mm), and analyzed using TGA, BET, and XRF. The apparent first-order kinetic parameters of the dry reforming reaction at temperatures ranging from 750 to 900°C under 1atm were used to determine kaolinite's catalytic activity. It was found that both dry reforming and thermal cracking reactions occurred simultaneously. Furthermore, the raw kaolinite catalyst significantly removed toluene (80% at 900°C), at activation energy and frequency factor of 209 kJ/mol and 5.86×109s−1, respectively. Capitalizing on its catalytic activity in its natural form and its high efficacy as fluidized bed material, kaolinite can have great potential in primary and secondary tar reduction measures.
{"title":"Kinetics of Natural Kaolinite as a Catalyst for Toluene Dry Reforming","authors":"Ziad Abu El-Rub","doi":"10.48103/jjeci592022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48103/jjeci592022","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to develop a kinetic model for natural kaolinite as a potential tar removal catalyst in biomass gasification processes. The catalyst was crushed, sieved (0.2mm), and analyzed using TGA, BET, and XRF. The apparent first-order kinetic parameters of the dry reforming reaction at temperatures ranging from 750 to 900°C under 1atm were used to determine kaolinite's catalytic activity. It was found that both dry reforming and thermal cracking reactions occurred simultaneously. Furthermore, the raw kaolinite catalyst significantly removed toluene (80% at 900°C), at activation energy and frequency factor of 209 kJ/mol and 5.86×109s−1, respectively. Capitalizing on its catalytic activity in its natural form and its high efficacy as fluidized bed material, kaolinite can have\u0000great potential in primary and secondary tar reduction measures.","PeriodicalId":23539,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1, Issue 3","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91231778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This simulation study has been designed to study and scale the head losses (hf) through internal flow passages with different five cross-section areas: these are circular, elliptical, rectangular, square and triangular cross-sectional passages. Those equivalent hydraulic diameters (Dh) were modelled for each shape to be used in head loss calculations and analysis using the Darcy-Weisbach equation. These equations formed the main structure of the mathematical model of this study to enable the building of the subsequent computerized model using MATLAB® software. Five major parameters were considered for head losses investigation and scaling for each pipe shape, these are the pipe length (L), the hydraulic diameters (Dh), friction coefficient (f), volumetric flow rate or discharge (Q) and mass flow rate (dm/dt). The results showed that head losses of non-circular pipes have relatively higher head losses than that of circular pipes, also the scaling head losses were strongly affected by the pipe geometry and shape, the flow characteristics and fluid properties. Furthermore, the head losses have been severely inversely affected by low pipe hydraulic diameter (Dh 0.10 m) and then be likely to be the same at higher pipe diameter (Dh ≥ 0.25 m) for all pipe shapes. Also, the most recommended pipe shapes for lower head losses next to the circular pipe are elliptical and square, while the less recommended are triangular and rectangular shapes respectively.
{"title":"Analysis of the Effect of Piping Geometrical Shape on Major Head Losses in Pipes","authors":"A. Alshorman","doi":"10.48103/jjeci5112022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48103/jjeci5112022","url":null,"abstract":"This simulation study has been designed to study and scale the head losses (hf) through internal flow passages with different five cross-section areas: these are circular, elliptical, rectangular, square and triangular cross-sectional passages. Those equivalent hydraulic diameters (Dh) were modelled for each shape to be used in head loss calculations and analysis using the Darcy-Weisbach equation. These equations formed the main structure of the mathematical model of this study to enable the building of the subsequent computerized model using MATLAB® software. Five major parameters were considered for head losses investigation and scaling for each pipe shape, these are the pipe length (L), the hydraulic diameters (Dh), friction coefficient (f), volumetric flow rate or discharge (Q) and mass flow rate (dm/dt). The results showed that head losses of non-circular pipes have relatively higher head losses than that of circular pipes,\u0000also the scaling head losses were strongly affected by the pipe geometry and shape, the flow characteristics and fluid properties. Furthermore, the head losses have been severely inversely affected by low pipe hydraulic diameter (Dh 0.10 m) and then be likely to be the same at higher pipe diameter (Dh ≥ 0.25 m) for all pipe shapes. Also, the most\u0000recommended pipe shapes for lower head losses next to the circular pipe are elliptical and square, while the less recommended are triangular and rectangular shapes respectively.","PeriodicalId":23539,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1, Issue 3","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74587852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective was to identify the pattern of self-medication (use of medicinal products without prescription) and it’s associated socio-demographic factors (income, geographical area, gender, education level, e.t.c.) A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 40 participants. Multi-stage sampling technique was used and sample was selected from 5 sectors and 5 sub-areas of the city. Univariate analysis was conducted for descriptive statistics. Two bivariate regression models were used. Self-medication and it’s relation to COVID-19 was also analysed. Most common symptoms for which self-medication was practised included headaches and migraines (27.27%) Results were analysed through SPSS version 26. Prevalence of self-medication behaviours in Islamabad was estimated to be 70%. Knowledge, perceptions and attitudes related to self-medication were also analysed. People who reported self-medication behaviours often receive information through internet and social media. Self medication rate is more prevalent in women, persons who are married, and in people with existing co- morbid conditions.
{"title":"Pattern of Self-medication and Associated Factors: A Study in Islamabad, Pakistan","authors":"Maryam Bashir","doi":"10.55737/qjss.254768849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.254768849","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective was to identify the pattern of self-medication (use of medicinal products without prescription) and it’s associated socio-demographic factors (income, geographical area, gender, education level, e.t.c.) A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 40 participants. Multi-stage sampling technique was used and sample was selected from 5 sectors and 5 sub-areas of the city. Univariate analysis was conducted for descriptive statistics. Two bivariate regression models were used. Self-medication and it’s relation to COVID-19 was also analysed. Most common symptoms for which self-medication was practised included headaches and migraines (27.27%) Results were analysed through SPSS version 26. Prevalence of self-medication behaviours in Islamabad was estimated to be 70%. Knowledge, perceptions and attitudes related to self-medication were also analysed. People who reported self-medication behaviours often receive information through internet and social media. Self medication rate is more prevalent in women, persons who are married, and in people with existing co- morbid conditions.","PeriodicalId":23539,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1, Issue 3","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84355723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The topic "Community Perception Towards Sehat Sahulat Programe (Ssp) Availed By Families In Union Council Thand Koi, Tehsil & District Swabi" is a significant effort to assess the socioeconomic and demographic status of the patients in Peshawars public hospitals and to learn about the facilities offered by public hospitals in the Sehat Sahulat Program (SSP). The current study was conducted in the district and tehsil Swabi, Village Council Kaddi, to investigate public opinion about the SSP programme in Swabis public and private hospitals. Village Council Kaddi, district and tehsil Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, was the focus of the research. Purposive sampling was used to select a sample size of 50 respondents from the study population. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The studys findings revealed that patients were satisfied after treatment, that the hospital has a strict security system, and that registration for the Sehat Sahulat Program (SSP) is simple and easy to do, despite the fact that there is a large crowd in the registration area.
{"title":"Community Perception towards Sehat Sahulat Programe (SSP) Availed by Families in Uniuon Council Thand Koi, Tehsil and District Swabi","authors":"Osama Ali, Waqar Ahmad","doi":"10.55737/qjss.704117327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.704117327","url":null,"abstract":"The topic \"Community Perception Towards Sehat Sahulat Programe (Ssp) Availed By Families In Union Council Thand Koi, Tehsil & District Swabi\" is a significant effort to assess the socioeconomic and demographic status of the patients in Peshawars public hospitals and to learn about the facilities offered by public hospitals in the Sehat Sahulat Program (SSP). The current study was conducted in the district and tehsil Swabi, Village Council Kaddi, to investigate public opinion about the SSP programme in Swabis public and private hospitals. Village Council Kaddi, district and tehsil Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, was the focus of the research. Purposive sampling was used to select a sample size of 50 respondents from the study population. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The studys findings revealed that patients were satisfied after treatment, that the hospital has a strict security system, and that registration for the Sehat Sahulat Program (SSP) is simple and easy to do, despite the fact that there is a large crowd in the registration area.","PeriodicalId":23539,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1, Issue 3","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84729190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
History writing has always been a tough challenge in Pakistan. It is difficult to understand the real picture of history because the history of past events, stories and issues is not stored in its actual form. Historians are trying to provide new interpretations for the already used source materials and also use previously unused sources. In present scenario, history subject is not based on old stories, political events, and famous personalities of the countries. Role of the scholars, the thinkers, and professional experts was very significant in past but unfortunately, we don’t have people like them in present who can give the new ideas to overcome these crises. At present some role was played by Dr. Mubarak Ali. He introduced the new approach of history writing. This paper is designed to ornate the contribution of Dr. Mubarak Ali in historiography in Pakistan exploring the new trends of history and to give a critical analysis of his works. The nature of the research is descriptive.
{"title":"Mubarak Ali's Contributions in Historiography Trends in Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Zohaib","doi":"10.55737/qjss.807905879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.807905879","url":null,"abstract":"History writing has always been a tough challenge in Pakistan. It is difficult to understand the real picture of history because the history of past events, stories and issues is not stored in its actual form. Historians are trying to provide new interpretations for the already used source materials and also use previously unused sources. In present scenario, history subject is not based on old stories, political events, and famous personalities of the countries. Role of the scholars, the thinkers, and professional experts was very significant in past but unfortunately, we don’t have people like them in present who can give the new ideas to overcome these crises. At present some role was played by Dr. Mubarak Ali. He introduced the new approach of history writing. This paper is designed to ornate the contribution of Dr. Mubarak Ali in historiography in Pakistan exploring the new trends of history and to give a critical analysis of his works. The nature of the research is descriptive.","PeriodicalId":23539,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1, Issue 3","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78391045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study's primary goal was to examine how social media mistrust affected online commerce in relation to the use of social media.Distrust in social media was tested as mediator to identify how customers were inclined from trust to distrust after experiencing e-purchasing. Through online survey, data was collected from more than 300 students belonging to ten different departments situated at the main campus of the University of Loralai. The current study used a convenience sampling technique. SPSS was used for descriptive data analysis. The hypothesised model was examined using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), which fully supported the current study's hypotheses. The results revealed that social media usage has a significant impact on distrust in social media leading to influence the consumers’ intention for online shopping in a negative spectrum. Whereas, distrust in social media negatively mediates the link between social media usage and online shopping. The findings of the present study have some practical suggestions for companies that deal in online businesses, organizational researchers, and practitioners on how to diagnose and prevent factors that influence the level of trust leading toward distrust.
{"title":"Analyzing the Impact of Social Media Usage on Online Shopping: An Empirical Evidence from District Loralai","authors":"Irfan Ahmad Khan Tareen, Syed Khalil Ahmad","doi":"10.55737/qjss.754640356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.754640356","url":null,"abstract":"This study's primary goal was to examine how social media mistrust affected online commerce in relation to the use of social media.Distrust in social media was tested as mediator to identify how customers were inclined from trust to distrust after experiencing e-purchasing. Through online survey, data was collected from more than 300 students belonging to ten different departments situated at the main campus of the University of Loralai. The current study used a convenience sampling technique. SPSS was used for descriptive data analysis. The hypothesised model was examined using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), which fully supported the current study's hypotheses. The results revealed that social media usage has a significant impact on distrust in social media leading to influence the consumers’ intention for online shopping in a negative spectrum. Whereas, distrust in social media negatively mediates the link between social media usage and online shopping. The findings of the present study have some practical suggestions for companies that deal in online businesses, organizational researchers, and practitioners on how to diagnose and prevent factors that influence the level of trust leading toward distrust.","PeriodicalId":23539,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1, Issue 3","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81060909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study was designed to explore the perceptions of students regrading methods of instruction for biology at secondary school level and describe the impact of instructional methods on students learning in biology at secondary school level. The study was descriptive in nature in which the current status of the subject was studied. A survey method has been used in this study. All the students of class 9th in public sector schools for girls constituted the population of the research study. Out of the total population 100 students of class 9th were randomly selected from the 10-government girl high schools of district Swabi. The main tool used in the study for data gathering was a questionnaire. For the purpose of gathering information about the student's opinions of the teaching methods, a questionnaire was created. The respondents, or participants, were given the questionnaire directly, and it was then collected once they finished it. The gathered data were collated, examined, and explained. Percentage was calculated by using statistical technique for analysis. Findings conclude that the majority of respondents said they enjoy studying biology. The majority of responders said biology was useful. Students believed that their teacher used the lecture approach.
{"title":"Perceptions of Students regarding Instructional Methods Used for Biology at Secondary School Level in Swabi","authors":"Qasrim Masheed","doi":"10.55737/qjss.255301828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.255301828","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was designed to explore the perceptions of students regrading methods of instruction for biology at secondary school level and describe the impact of instructional methods on students learning in biology at secondary school level. The study was descriptive in nature in which the current status of the subject was studied. A survey method has been used in this study. All the students of class 9th in public sector schools for girls constituted the population of the research study. Out of the total population 100 students of class 9th were randomly selected from the 10-government girl high schools of district Swabi. The main tool used in the study for data gathering was a questionnaire. For the purpose of gathering information about the student's opinions of the teaching methods, a questionnaire was created. The respondents, or participants, were given the questionnaire directly, and it was then collected once they finished it. The gathered data were collated, examined, and explained. Percentage was calculated by using statistical technique for analysis. Findings conclude that the majority of respondents said they enjoy studying biology. The majority of responders said biology was useful. Students believed that their teacher used the lecture approach.","PeriodicalId":23539,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1, Issue 3","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88540077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Son 30 yılda, bilgi, üretim ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki hızlı gelişmeler ile birlikte mal ve hizmetlerin dünya ticareti içinde payı sürekli artış göstermektedir. Türkiye’de turizm, inşaat ve mütahitlik hizmetleri, taşımacılık gibi uluslararası hizmet alanlarında önemli gelişmeler sağlanmıştır. Türkiye’nin uluslararası hizmet ticareti gelirleri cari dengeyi ve ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif yönde etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de uluslarararası hizmet ticaretinin cari denge ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi 1990-2020 dönemini kapsayan yıllık veriler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bunun için ADF (1970) ve DF-GLS birim kök testleri, bayer-hanck eşbütünleşme testi ve Fourier Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testleri uygulanmıştır. Nedensellik analizi bulgularına göre büyümeden hizmet ticaretine doğru tek yönlü ve cari açık ile hizmet ticareti arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
{"title":"Uluslararası hizmet ticaretinin cari denge ve ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkileri: Türkiye örneği","authors":"Selim İnançlı, Mustafa Torusdağ","doi":"10.47243/jos.3.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47243/jos.3.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"Son 30 yılda, bilgi, üretim ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki hızlı gelişmeler ile birlikte mal ve hizmetlerin dünya ticareti içinde payı sürekli artış göstermektedir. Türkiye’de turizm, inşaat ve mütahitlik hizmetleri, taşımacılık gibi uluslararası hizmet alanlarında önemli gelişmeler sağlanmıştır. Türkiye’nin uluslararası hizmet ticareti gelirleri cari dengeyi ve ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif yönde etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de uluslarararası hizmet ticaretinin cari denge ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi 1990-2020 dönemini kapsayan yıllık veriler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bunun için ADF (1970) ve DF-GLS birim kök testleri, bayer-hanck eşbütünleşme testi ve Fourier Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testleri uygulanmıştır. Nedensellik analizi bulgularına göre büyümeden hizmet ticaretine doğru tek yönlü ve cari açık ile hizmet ticareti arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.","PeriodicalId":23539,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1, Issue 3","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90952529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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