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Graph Self-Transformation Model Based on the Operation of Change the End of the Edge 基于改变边缘末端操作的图自变换模型
Pub Date : 2020-05-09 DOI: 10.26907/1562-5419-2020-23-3-315-335
I. B. Bourdonov
We consider a distributed network whose topology is described by an undirected graph. The network itself can change its topology, using special “commands” provided by its nodes. The work proposes an extremely local atomic transformation acb of a change the end c of the edge ac, “moving” along the edge cb from vertex c to vertex b. As a result of this operation, the edge ac is removed, and the edge ab is added. Such a transformation is performed by a “command” from a common vertex c of two adjacent edges ac and cb. It is shown that from any tree you can get any other tree with the same set of vertices using only atomic transformations. If the degrees of the tree vertices are bounded by the number d (d 3), then the transformation does not violate this restriction. As an example of the purpose of such a transformation, the problems of maximizing and minimizing the Wiener index of a tree with a limited degree of vertices without changing the set of its vertices are considered. The Wiener index is the sum of pairwise distances between the vertices of a graph. The maximum Wiener index has a linear tree (a tree with two leaf vertices). For a root tree with a minimum Wiener index, its type and method for calculating the number of vertices in the branches of the neighbors of the root are determined. Two distributed algorithms are proposed: transforming a tree into a linear tree and transforming a linear tree into a tree with a minimum Wiener index. It is proved that both algorithms have complexity no higher than 2n–2, where n is the number of tree vertices. We also consider the transformation of arbitrary undirected graphs, in which there can be cycles, multiple edges and loops, without restricting the degree of the vertices. It is shown that any connected graph with n vertices can be transformed into any other connected graph with k vertices and the same number of edges in no more than 2(n+k)–2.
我们考虑一个分布式网络,其拓扑由无向图描述。网络本身可以使用节点提供的特殊“命令”来改变其拓扑结构。这项工作提出了一个极局部的原子转换acb,改变边缘ac的末端c,沿着边缘cb从顶点c“移动”到顶点b。作为这个操作的结果,边缘ac被删除,边缘ab被添加。这样的变换是通过从两个相邻边ac和cb的公共顶点c的“命令”来执行的。它表明,从任何树中,您都可以仅使用原子转换获得具有相同顶点集的任何其他树。如果树顶点的度数由数字d (d3)限定,则变换不违反此限制。作为这种变换的目的的一个例子,考虑在不改变顶点集合的情况下,顶点数量有限的树的Wiener索引的最大化和最小化问题。维纳指数是图中顶点之间的成对距离之和。最大维纳索引有一个线性树(一个有两个叶顶点的树)。对于具有最小Wiener索引的根树,确定其类型和计算根邻居分支中顶点数的方法。提出了两种分布式算法:将树转化为线性树和将线性树转化为具有最小Wiener索引的树。证明了两种算法的复杂度均不大于2n-2,其中n为树顶点数。我们还考虑了任意无向图的变换,其中可以有环,多条边和环路,而不限制顶点的度。证明了任意一个有n个顶点的连通图都可以在不超过2(n+k) -2的时间内转化为另一个有k个顶点和相同边数的连通图。
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引用次数: 0
Digital 3D-Objects Visualization in Forming Virtual Exhibitions 数字三维对象可视化在虚拟展览中的应用
Pub Date : 2020-05-09 DOI: 10.26907/1562-5419-2020-23-3-418-432
N. Kalenov, S. Kirillov, I. Sobolevskaya, A. N. Sotnikov
The paper is presents approaches to solving the problem of creating realistic interactive 3D web-collections of museum exhibits. The presentation of 3D-models of objects based on oriented polygonal structures is considered. The method of creating a virtual collection of 3D-models using interactive animation technology is described. It is also shown how a full-fledged 3D-model is constructed on the basis of individual exposure frames using photogrammetry methods. The paper assesses the computational complexity of constructing realistic 3D-models. For the creation of 3D-models in order to provide them to a wide range of users via the Internet, the so-called interactive animation technology is used. The paper presents the differences between the representations of full-fledged 3D-models and 3D-models presented in the form of interactive multiplication. The technology of creating 3D-models of objects from the funds of the State Biological Museum named K.A Timiryazev and the formation on their basis of the digital library “Scientific Heritage of Russia” of a virtual exhibition dedicated to the scientific activities of M.M. Gerasimov and his anthropological reconstructions, and vividly demonstrating the possibility of integrating information resources by means of an electronic library. The format of virtual exhibitions allows you to combine the resources of partners to provide a wide range of users with collections stored in museum, archival and library collections.
本文提出了一种解决现实的交互式三维博物馆展品网络收藏问题的方法。研究了基于定向多边形结构的物体三维模型的表示方法。描述了使用交互式动画技术创建3d模型虚拟集合的方法。它还展示了如何使用摄影测量方法在单个曝光帧的基础上构建成熟的3d模型。本文评估了构建真实三维模型的计算复杂度。为了通过互联网向广大用户提供3d模型的创建,使用了所谓的交互式动画技术。本文介绍了完整的3d模型表示与以交互乘法形式表示的3d模型的区别。利用名为K.A . Timiryazev的国家生物博物馆的资金创建物体3d模型的技术,以及在“俄罗斯科学遗产”数字图书馆的基础上形成一个虚拟展览,致力于M.M.格拉西莫夫的科学活动及其人类学重建,并生动地展示了通过电子图书馆整合信息资源的可能性。虚拟展览的形式允许您结合合作伙伴的资源,为广泛的用户提供存储在博物馆,档案馆和图书馆馆藏的藏品。
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引用次数: 3
Audiovisual Recording of Synchronous Lessons During Full-Time and Distance Learning 在全日制和远程学习期间同步课程的视听记录
Pub Date : 2020-05-09 DOI: 10.26907/1562-5419-2020-23-3-451-472
F. Kasparinsky
The modern information environment provides unprecedented opportunities for combining high-tech and high-touch learning approaches. It can be expected that in the near future, the general trend will be the use of audio-visual recordings of synchronized classes, which should be used for subsequent consolidation, repetition, control, generalization and systematization of knowledge. The article summarizes the results of 10 years of experience in creating and using audio-visual recordings of full-time and distance learning in university and school classrooms.
现代信息环境为结合高科技和高接触学习方法提供了前所未有的机会。可以预期,在不久的将来,总的趋势将是使用同步课程的视听录音,这些录音应用于随后的巩固、重复、控制、概括和系统化知识。这篇文章总结了在大学和学校课堂上创建和使用全日制和远程学习的视听记录的10年经验的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Basic Services of Factory Metadata Digital Mathematical Library Lobachevskii-Dml 工厂元数据数字数学图书馆的基本服务
Pub Date : 2020-05-09 DOI: 10.26907/1562-5419-2020-23-3-336-381
P. Gafurova, A. Elizarov, E. Lipachev
A number of problems related to the construction of the metadata factory of the digital mathematical library Lobachevskii-DML have been solved. By metadata factory we mean a system of interconnected software tools aimed at creating, processing, storing and managing metadata of digital library objects and allowing integrating created electronic collections into aggregating digital scientific libraries. In order to select the optimal such software tools from existing ones and their modernization:we discussed the features of the presentation of the metadata of documents of various electronic collections related both to the formats used and to changes in the composition and completeness of the set of metadata throughout the entire publication of the corresponding scientific journal;we presented and characterized software tools for managing scientific content and methods for organizing automated integration of repositories of mathematical documents with other information systems;we discussed such an important function of the digital library metadata factory as the normalization of metadata in accordance with the formats of other aggregating libraries.As a result of the development of the metadata factory of the digital mathematical library Lobachevskii-DML, we proposed a system of services for the automated generation of metadata for electronic mathematical collections; we have developed an xml metadata presentation language based on the Journal Archiving and Interchange Tag Suite (NISO JATS); we have created software tools for normalizing metadata of electronic collections of scientific documents in formats developed by international organizations – aggregators of resources in mathematics and Computer Science; we have developed an algorithm for converting metadata to oai_dc format and generating the archive structure for import into DSpace digital storage; we have proposed and implemented methods for integrating electronic mathematical collections of Kazan University into domestic and foreign digital mathematical libraries.
解决了数字数学图书馆Lobachevskii-DML元数据工厂建设中的若干问题。通过元数据工厂,我们指的是一个相互连接的软件工具系统,旨在创建、处理、存储和管理数字图书馆对象的元数据,并允许将创建的电子馆藏集成到聚合的数字科学图书馆中。为了从现有的软件工具和它们的现代化中选择最佳的这样的软件工具:我们讨论了在相应的科学期刊的整个出版过程中,与所使用的格式和元数据集的组成和完整性的变化相关的各种电子集合的元数据的表示特征;我们提出并描述了用于管理科学内容和组织自动化方法的软件工具数学文档库与其他信息系统的集成;我们讨论了数字图书馆元数据工厂的一个重要功能,即根据其他聚合库的格式对元数据进行规范化。基于数字数学图书馆元数据工厂(Lobachevskii-DML)的发展,提出了一个电子数学馆藏元数据自动生成服务系统;我们开发了一种基于日志归档和交换标签套件(NISO JATS)的xml元数据表示语言;我们已经创建了软件工具,用于规范由国际组织开发的格式的科学文献电子集合的元数据-数学和计算机科学资源的聚合者;我们开发了一种将元数据转换为oai_dc格式并生成归档结构以导入DSpace数字存储的算法;提出并实施了喀山大学电子数学馆藏与国内外数字数学图书馆集成的方法。
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引用次数: 11
Creation of Query Expansion Based on the Subject Domain Thesaurus in the Ontology of Knowledge of the Semantic Library 语义库知识本体中基于主题领域主题词表的查询扩展创建
Pub Date : 2020-05-09 DOI: 10.26907/1562-5419-2020-23-3-271-291
O. Ataeva, V. Serebriakov, N. Tuchkova
Possibilities of query expansion with subject area thesaurus are discussed. The role of the context defined by thesaurus term links is both to refine the query and to increase the size of the sample on the query. Of particular importance is the process of expanding the query for scientific subject areas where the search based on special terminology. In this case, thesauruses of subject areas must be used to minimize the occurrence of information noise. The proposed approach takes into account the application of similar terminology in various subject areas. Examples of the use of thesaurus of separate sections of equations of mathematical physics and related fields demonstrate the effectiveness of the chosen approach of research. By linking to concepts of information resources of other areas of knowledge, the extension of the information query captures search fields of remote subject areas and various types of data, texts, symbolic, audio and video archives. Research shows that expanding the query based on context semantics improves the search quality of scientific publications in digital information and increases the effectiveness of scientific interdisciplinary research.
讨论了用主题领域同义词典扩展查询的可能性。由同义词典术语链接定义的上下文的作用是精炼查询并增加查询上的样本大小。特别重要的是扩展科学学科领域的查询过程,其中的搜索基于特殊术语。在这种情况下,必须使用主题领域的同义词库,以尽量减少信息噪声的发生。拟议的方法考虑到在不同主题领域使用类似的术语。数学物理和相关领域的方程的单独部分的同义词典的使用的例子证明研究的选择的方法的有效性。通过链接其他知识领域的信息资源概念,信息查询的扩展捕获远程学科领域的搜索域和各种类型的数据、文本、符号、音频和视频档案。研究表明,基于上下文语义的查询扩展提高了数字信息中科学出版物的检索质量,提高了科学跨学科研究的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Formalization of Processes for Forming User Collections in the Digital Space of Scientific Knowledge 科学知识数字空间中形成用户收藏过程的形式化
Pub Date : 2020-05-09 DOI: 10.26907/1562-5419-2020-23-3-433-450
N. Kalenov, I. Sobolevskaya, A. N. Sotnikov
The task of forming a digital space of scientific knowledge (DSSK) is analyzed in the paper. The difference of this concept from the general concept of the information space is considered. DSSK is presented as a set containing objects verified by the world scientific community. The form of a structured representation of the digital knowledge space is a semantic network, the basic organization principle of which is based on the classification system of objects and the subsequent construction of their hierarchy, in particular, according to the principle of inheritance. The classification of the objects that make up the content of the DSSK is introduced. A model of the central data collection system is proposed as a collection of disjoint sets containing digital images of real objects and their characteristics, which ensure the selection and visualization of objects in accordance with multi-aspect user requests. The concept of a user collection is defined, and a hierarchical classification of types of user collections is proposed. The use of the concepts of set theory in the construction of DSSK allows you to break down information into levels of detail and formalize the algorithms for processing user queries, which is illustrated by specific examples.
本文分析了构建科学知识数字空间的任务。考虑了这一概念与一般信息空间概念的区别。DSSK是一个包含世界科学界验证的对象的集合。数字知识空间的结构化表示形式是语义网络,语义网络的基本组织原则是基于对象的分类体系及其层次结构的后续构建,特别是按照继承原则。介绍了构成DSSK内容的对象的分类。提出了一种中央数据采集系统的模型,将其作为包含真实物体及其特征的数字图像的不相交集的集合,保证了根据用户多方面的要求对物体进行选择和可视化。定义了用户集合的概念,提出了用户集合类型的层次分类方法。在DSSK的构建中使用集合理论的概念允许您将信息分解为详细级别,并形式化处理用户查询的算法,具体示例说明了这一点。
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引用次数: 0
RSCI as a Mirror of Publication Activity of RAE Members RSCI作为RAE成员发表活动的一面镜子
Pub Date : 2020-05-09 DOI: 10.26907/1562-5419-2020-23-3-543-562
Y. Polyak
Based on information from open sources, a table was compiled reflecting the indicators of 128 full members of the Russian Academy of Education (RAE) in the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI). The main results are given in a condensed form and compared with the results of a similar study performed several years earlier. The conclusions and features of the RSCI as an analytical tool are discussed.
根据公开来源的信息,编制了一个表,反映了俄罗斯科学引文索引(RSCI)中俄罗斯教育学院(RAE) 128名正式成员的指标。主要结果以简明的形式给出,并与几年前进行的类似研究的结果进行了比较。讨论了RSCI作为分析工具的结论和特点。
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引用次数: 0
Determining the Thematic Proximity of Scientific Journals and Conferences Using Big Data Technologies 利用大数据技术确定科学期刊和会议的主题接近度
Pub Date : 2020-05-09 DOI: 10.20948/abrau-2019-15
A. S. Kozitsin, S. Afonin, D. A. Shachnev
The number of scientific journals published in the world is very large. In this regard, it is necessary to create software tools that will allow analyzing thematic links of journals. The algorithm presented in this paper uses graphs of co-authorship for analyzing the thematic proximity of journals. It is insensitive to the language of the journal and can find similar journals in different languages. This task is difficult for algorithms based on the analysis of full-text information. Approbation of the algorithm was carried out in the scientometric system IAS ISTINA. Using a special interface, a user can select one interesting journal. Then the system will automatically generate a selection of journals that may be of interest to the user. In the future, the developed algorithm can be adapted to search for similar conferences, collections of publications and research projects. The use of such tools will increase the publication activity of young employees, increase the citation of articles and quoting between journals. In addition, the results of the algorithm for determining thematic proximity between journals, collections, conferences and research projects can be used to build rules in the ontology models for access control systems.
世界上出版的科学期刊数量非常多。在这方面,有必要创建能够分析期刊主题链接的软件工具。本文提出的算法使用共同作者关系图来分析期刊的主题接近性。它对期刊的语言不敏感,可以找到不同语言的类似期刊。对于基于全文信息分析的算法来说,这是一个困难的任务。在科学计量系统IAS ISTINA中对该算法进行了验证。使用一个特殊的界面,用户可以选择一个有趣的日志。然后,系统将自动生成用户可能感兴趣的期刊选择。在未来,所开发的算法可以用于搜索类似的会议、出版物集和研究项目。这些工具的使用将增加年轻员工的出版活动,增加文章的引用和期刊之间的引用。此外,该算法用于确定期刊、文集、会议和研究项目之间的主题接近性的结果可用于在访问控制系统的本体模型中构建规则。
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引用次数: 0
Building Subject Domain Ontology on the Base of a Logical Data Mod 基于逻辑数据模型的主题领域本体构建
Pub Date : 2020-05-09 DOI: 10.26907/1562-5419-2020-23-3-390-417
A. Gusenkov, N. Bukharaev, E. V. Biryaltsev
The technology of automated construction of the subject domain ontology, based on information extracted from the comments of the TATNEFT oil company relational databases, is considered. The technology is based on building a converter (compiler) translating the logical data model of Epicenter Petrotechnical Open Software Corporation (POSC), presented in the form of ER diagrams and a set of the EXPRESS object-oriented language descriptions, into the OWL ontology description language, recommended by the W3C consortium. The basic syntactic and semantic aspects of the transformation are described.
研究了基于TATNEFT石油公司关系数据库评论信息的主题领域本体自动化构建技术。该技术的基础是建立一个转换器(编译器),将Epicenter Petrotechnical Open Software Corporation (POSC)的逻辑数据模型(以ER图和一组EXPRESS面向对象语言描述的形式表示)转换为W3C联盟推荐的OWL本体描述语言。描述了转换的基本语法和语义方面。
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引用次数: 0
Progress in DVM-System dvm系统的进展
Pub Date : 2020-05-09 DOI: 10.26907/1562-5419-2020-23-3-247-270
Valery F. Aleksahin, V. Bakhtin, O. F. Zhukova, Dmitry Zakharov, Victor A. Krukov, N. V. Podderyugina, O. A. Savitskaya
DVM-system is designed for the development of parallel programs of scientific and technical calculations in the C-DVMH and Fortran-DVMH languages. These languages use a single DVMH-model of parallel programming model and are an extension of the standard C and Fortran languages with parallelism specifications in the form of compiler directives. The DVMH model makes it possible to create efficient parallel programs for heterogeneous computing clusters, in the nodes of which accelerators, graphic processors or Intel Xeon Phi coprocessors can be used as computing devices along with universal multi-core processors. The article presents new features of DVM-system that have been developed recently.
dvm系统是为C-DVMH和Fortran-DVMH两种语言的科技计算并行程序开发而设计的。这些语言使用并行编程模型的单一dvmh模型,并且是标准C和Fortran语言的扩展,具有编译器指令形式的并行规范。DVMH模型可以为异构计算集群创建高效的并行程序,在节点中,加速器、图形处理器或Intel Xeon Phi协处理器可以与通用多核处理器一起用作计算设备。本文介绍了近年来发展起来的数字数据管理系统的新特点。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Russ. Digit. Libr. J.
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