Abstract The ecological protection of rural water resources is not only related to people's living environment, but also affects their drinking water safety. Currently, the water environment in rural areas is severely polluted and lacks an effective management system. To improve the effectiveness and efficiency of rural water environment management and to improve the development of rural water resources, this article conducts in-depth research and exploration on the construction of a rural water environment management system from the perspective of ecological civilization. This article first analyzes the causes, impacts, and current situation of rural water resource pollution. Then, from the perspective of ecological civilization, it analyzes the necessity of building a rural water environment management system, and explores measures to reform the rural water environment management system with the goal of maximizing water resource benefits. To verify the effectiveness of the management system, this article conducted comparative experiments on the construction of water environment management systems from three perspectives: water quality, water pollution level, and water resource utilization rate. The results show that compared to before construction, the water resource utilization rate after establishing a management system has increased by 32.4%.
{"title":"Construction of a rural water environment management system from the perspective of ecocivilization","authors":"Feng Chen","doi":"10.2166/ws.2023.293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.293","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The ecological protection of rural water resources is not only related to people's living environment, but also affects their drinking water safety. Currently, the water environment in rural areas is severely polluted and lacks an effective management system. To improve the effectiveness and efficiency of rural water environment management and to improve the development of rural water resources, this article conducts in-depth research and exploration on the construction of a rural water environment management system from the perspective of ecological civilization. This article first analyzes the causes, impacts, and current situation of rural water resource pollution. Then, from the perspective of ecological civilization, it analyzes the necessity of building a rural water environment management system, and explores measures to reform the rural water environment management system with the goal of maximizing water resource benefits. To verify the effectiveness of the management system, this article conducted comparative experiments on the construction of water environment management systems from three perspectives: water quality, water pollution level, and water resource utilization rate. The results show that compared to before construction, the water resource utilization rate after establishing a management system has increased by 32.4%.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"39 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135820365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract DRASTIC method's vulnerability assessment for estimating the potential risk of contamination in shallow groundwater aquifers is the most acceptable technique. The method uses seven parameters, namely, depth to groundwater table, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, land use and land cover, and hydraulic conductivity to obtain vulnerability index values. These index values are validated with one or a few elements of water characteristics as pollution indicators. In most of the reported studies, the correlation coefficient between the DRASTIC index and the concentration of individual element(s) was low. The present study uses the water quality index (WQI) to correlate with the DRASTIC index value. In this paper, 11 physical and chemical water characteristics data of 31 well locations within the Faridabad District of Haryana, India are utilized to estimate the WQI. The correlation coefficients for single element concentration with DRASTIC index vary between the range of 0.104 to 0.304. The correlation coefficients for the concentration of NO3- and WQI are found to be 0.104 and 0.533, respectively. Thus, the DRASTIC index demonstrates a stronger correlation with the WQI when compared to single element concentration.
{"title":"Use of water quality index and DRASTIC index correlation for better assessment of groundwater vulnerability to pollution: a case study","authors":"Jatin Chaudhary, K. K. Singh","doi":"10.2166/ws.2023.286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.286","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract DRASTIC method's vulnerability assessment for estimating the potential risk of contamination in shallow groundwater aquifers is the most acceptable technique. The method uses seven parameters, namely, depth to groundwater table, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, land use and land cover, and hydraulic conductivity to obtain vulnerability index values. These index values are validated with one or a few elements of water characteristics as pollution indicators. In most of the reported studies, the correlation coefficient between the DRASTIC index and the concentration of individual element(s) was low. The present study uses the water quality index (WQI) to correlate with the DRASTIC index value. In this paper, 11 physical and chemical water characteristics data of 31 well locations within the Faridabad District of Haryana, India are utilized to estimate the WQI. The correlation coefficients for single element concentration with DRASTIC index vary between the range of 0.104 to 0.304. The correlation coefficients for the concentration of NO3- and WQI are found to be 0.104 and 0.533, respectively. Thus, the DRASTIC index demonstrates a stronger correlation with the WQI when compared to single element concentration.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"33 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The use of energy balance models to study the water content of soil can effectively solve some problems in agricultural production, ecosystem management, and environmental management. The application of the energy balance model requires a large amount of data, and its application in agricultural production is proposed mainly for the prediction and evaluation of the water content of the soil. Various water content values of the soil were determined using an energy balance model and an oven-drying method. The natural water content of the sandy soil determined by oven drying was between 30 and 40% for the sample soil from the same batch, with the second sandy soil sample having the highest value of 39.2% and the 15th sandy soil sample having the lowest value of 30.3%. The natural water content of sandy soils determined using an energy balance model was between 30 and 35%, among which, the natural water content of the fifth sandy soil sample was the lowest at 30.12% and the natural water content of the third sandy soil sample was the highest at 34.46%.
{"title":"Assessment of the water content of the soil and utilization of the energy balance model to promote environmental-friendly development of green, low-carbon industries","authors":"Qianhe Xiang","doi":"10.2166/ws.2023.289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.289","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The use of energy balance models to study the water content of soil can effectively solve some problems in agricultural production, ecosystem management, and environmental management. The application of the energy balance model requires a large amount of data, and its application in agricultural production is proposed mainly for the prediction and evaluation of the water content of the soil. Various water content values of the soil were determined using an energy balance model and an oven-drying method. The natural water content of the sandy soil determined by oven drying was between 30 and 40% for the sample soil from the same batch, with the second sandy soil sample having the highest value of 39.2% and the 15th sandy soil sample having the lowest value of 30.3%. The natural water content of sandy soils determined using an energy balance model was between 30 and 35%, among which, the natural water content of the fifth sandy soil sample was the lowest at 30.12% and the natural water content of the third sandy soil sample was the highest at 34.46%.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"13 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135932828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alireza Emadi, Sarvin Zamanzad-Ghavidel, Arezoo Boroomandnia, Sina Fazeli, Reza Sobhani
Abstract Lack of water reserves in artificial reservoirs poses serious challenges in meeting various human requirements, especially during periods of water scarcity. In the current research, the Total Outflow (TO) of the Mahabad Dam reservoir has been estimated under six scenarios including the Monthly Cumulative Rainfall (MCR), Snow Water Equivalent (SWE), Stream Flow (SF), Mean Temperature (T), Pan Evaporation (Ep), Sediment Flushing Gate Outlet (SFGO), Penstock Outflow (PO), Evaporation Losses (EL), Cumulative Non-Scheduled Discharge (CNSD), Live Storage Volume (LSV), Water Surface Area (WSA), Monthly Water Level (MWL), Total Allocated Water (TAW), and Generated Power (GP) variables for the 2001–2021 period. Estimation of TO is accomplished via individual and wavelet-developed (W-developed) data-mining approaches, including Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), wavelet-ANNs (WANNs), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), wavelet-ANFIS (WANFIS), Gene Expression Programming (GEP), and wavelet-GEP (WGEP). The obtained values of RMSE for WGEP1–WGEP6 models account for 5.917, 2.319, 4.289, 8.329, 10.713, and 9.789 million cubic meters (MCM), respectively, based on the following scenarios: reservoir inlet elements, reservoir outlet elements, consumption, storage characteristic, climate, and energy. This research revealed that combining the wavelet theory (WT) with individual models can be a powerful method to improve the modeling performance in the TO estimation.
摘要人工水库的水储量不足对满足人类的各种需求提出了严峻的挑战，特别是在水资源短缺时期。在本研究中，在月累积降雨量(MCR)、雪水当量(SWE)、河流流量(SF)、平均温度(T)、蒸发皿蒸发量(Ep)、泥沙冲刷闸门出口(SFGO)、压力管道流出量(PO)、蒸发损失(EL)、累计非计划流量(CNSD)、活库容(LSV)、水面面积(WSA)、月水位(MWL)、总分配水量(TAW)、和2001-2021年期间的发电量(GP)变量。TO的估计是通过单个和小波发展(W-developed)数据挖掘方法完成的，包括人工神经网络(ann)、小波- ann (wns)、自适应神经模糊推理系统(ANFIS)、小波-ANFIS (WANFIS)、基因表达编程(GEP)和小波-GEP (WGEP)。基于库区入口要素、库区出口要素、库区消纳、库区储存特征、气候、能源等情景，WGEP1-WGEP6模型的RMSE分别为5.917、2.319、4.289、8.329、10.713和978.9万m3 (MCM)。研究表明，将小波理论与个体模型相结合，可以有效地提高to估计的建模性能。
{"title":"Modeling the total outflow of reservoirs using Wavelet-developed approaches: a case study of the Mahabad Dam reservoir, Iran","authors":"Alireza Emadi, Sarvin Zamanzad-Ghavidel, Arezoo Boroomandnia, Sina Fazeli, Reza Sobhani","doi":"10.2166/ws.2023.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.291","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lack of water reserves in artificial reservoirs poses serious challenges in meeting various human requirements, especially during periods of water scarcity. In the current research, the Total Outflow (TO) of the Mahabad Dam reservoir has been estimated under six scenarios including the Monthly Cumulative Rainfall (MCR), Snow Water Equivalent (SWE), Stream Flow (SF), Mean Temperature (T), Pan Evaporation (Ep), Sediment Flushing Gate Outlet (SFGO), Penstock Outflow (PO), Evaporation Losses (EL), Cumulative Non-Scheduled Discharge (CNSD), Live Storage Volume (LSV), Water Surface Area (WSA), Monthly Water Level (MWL), Total Allocated Water (TAW), and Generated Power (GP) variables for the 2001–2021 period. Estimation of TO is accomplished via individual and wavelet-developed (W-developed) data-mining approaches, including Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), wavelet-ANNs (WANNs), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), wavelet-ANFIS (WANFIS), Gene Expression Programming (GEP), and wavelet-GEP (WGEP). The obtained values of RMSE for WGEP1–WGEP6 models account for 5.917, 2.319, 4.289, 8.329, 10.713, and 9.789 million cubic meters (MCM), respectively, based on the following scenarios: reservoir inlet elements, reservoir outlet elements, consumption, storage characteristic, climate, and energy. This research revealed that combining the wavelet theory (WT) with individual models can be a powerful method to improve the modeling performance in the TO estimation.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"14 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135932822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The increasing use of water and the decrease in average rainfall along with climate change have caused the reduction of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions. In addition, despite the consumption of more than half of these resources in the agricultural sector, a rate between 0 and 15% of the price of the products has always been received from the farmers. Considering the concept of virtual water and the water content of products in the form of green water, blue water and gray water, the present research has calculated the economic value of virtual water of agricultural products with the approach of maximizing water use efficiency. The investigated sample includes eight cities (counties) of Sanmenxia, Jiaozuo, Nanyang, Shangqiu, Puyang, Luohe, Luoyang and Kaifeng and six agricultural products (wheat, barley, potato, rapeseed, tomato and corn). A fuzzy dynamic programming model has been used to evaluate the objective function. The results showed that the maximum and minimum economic value of water content (sum of surface and groundwater) of the products were estimated for Kaifeng and Shangqiu regions equal to 1.16 and 0.86 Yuan/m3, respectively.
{"title":"Economic value of virtual water with the approach of maximizing the productivity of irrigation water","authors":"Linyuan Du","doi":"10.2166/ws.2023.292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.292","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The increasing use of water and the decrease in average rainfall along with climate change have caused the reduction of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions. In addition, despite the consumption of more than half of these resources in the agricultural sector, a rate between 0 and 15% of the price of the products has always been received from the farmers. Considering the concept of virtual water and the water content of products in the form of green water, blue water and gray water, the present research has calculated the economic value of virtual water of agricultural products with the approach of maximizing water use efficiency. The investigated sample includes eight cities (counties) of Sanmenxia, Jiaozuo, Nanyang, Shangqiu, Puyang, Luohe, Luoyang and Kaifeng and six agricultural products (wheat, barley, potato, rapeseed, tomato and corn). A fuzzy dynamic programming model has been used to evaluate the objective function. The results showed that the maximum and minimum economic value of water content (sum of surface and groundwater) of the products were estimated for Kaifeng and Shangqiu regions equal to 1.16 and 0.86 Yuan/m3, respectively.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"14 S1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135932823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Flood routing is vital in helping to reduce the impact of floods on people and communities by allowing timely and appropriate responses. In this study, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) signal decomposition technique is combined with cascade forward backpropagation neural network (CFBNN) and feed-forward backpropagation neural network (FFBNN) machine learning (ML) techniques to model 2014 floods in Ankara, Mera River. The data are split in order to avoid the underfitting and overfitting problems of the algorithm. While establishing the algorithm, 70% of the data were divided into training, 15% testing and 15% validation. Graphical indicators and statistical parameters were used for the analysis of model performance. As a result, the EMD signal decomposition technique has been found to improve the performance of ML models. In addition, the EMD-FFBNN hybrid model showed the most accurate estimation results in the flood routing calculation. The study's outputs can assist in designing flood control structures such as levees and dams to help reduce flood risk.
{"title":"Boosting flood routing prediction performance through a hybrid approach using empirical mode decomposition and neural networks: a case study of the Mera River in Ankara","authors":"Okan Mert Katipoglu, Metin Sarıgöl","doi":"10.2166/ws.2023.288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.288","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Flood routing is vital in helping to reduce the impact of floods on people and communities by allowing timely and appropriate responses. In this study, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) signal decomposition technique is combined with cascade forward backpropagation neural network (CFBNN) and feed-forward backpropagation neural network (FFBNN) machine learning (ML) techniques to model 2014 floods in Ankara, Mera River. The data are split in order to avoid the underfitting and overfitting problems of the algorithm. While establishing the algorithm, 70% of the data were divided into training, 15% testing and 15% validation. Graphical indicators and statistical parameters were used for the analysis of model performance. As a result, the EMD signal decomposition technique has been found to improve the performance of ML models. In addition, the EMD-FFBNN hybrid model showed the most accurate estimation results in the flood routing calculation. The study's outputs can assist in designing flood control structures such as levees and dams to help reduce flood risk.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Municipal wastewater has been inevitably rising over time with the growing population, rapid urbanisation, and expanding sewerages. This study was conducted in the Jodhpur district of Western Rajasthan, India, which has a hot semi-arid climate and faces an acute shortage of good-quality water for irrigation. As a result, municipal wastewater is being used in agricultural fields in urban and peri-urban areas of Jodhpur. This study evaluates the suitability of municipal wastewater for irrigation in agriculture. Samples were collected from the Basni Bedan drainage area during December, 2022 and were analysed for various physico-chemical and biological parameters. The SAR value and EC were observed as 13 + 0.20 Meq/L and 1352.5 + 20.11 μS cm−1. BOD, DO, and COD values were obtained 56 + 2.57, 365 + 7.64, and 3.55 + 0.13 mg/L, respectively, which were above the Indian Standard permissible levels. High levels of total coliform counts, 177.5 + 4.86 MPN/100mL, were found. Statistical analysis reveals a positive correlation for pairs chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (R=0.98) and a negative correlation for pairs BOD and dissolved oxygen (DO) (R=0.99). It was concluded that the studied wastewater is polluted and may cause potential health risks. There is a need for proper planning and strategies to develop an economical viable treatment system for sustainable agricultural management.
{"title":"Assessing the quality of the municipal wastewater used for irrigation in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India","authors":"Poonam Poonia, Loveena Gaur, Sangeeta Parihar, Suresh Kumar Pachak","doi":"10.2166/ws.2023.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.285","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Municipal wastewater has been inevitably rising over time with the growing population, rapid urbanisation, and expanding sewerages. This study was conducted in the Jodhpur district of Western Rajasthan, India, which has a hot semi-arid climate and faces an acute shortage of good-quality water for irrigation. As a result, municipal wastewater is being used in agricultural fields in urban and peri-urban areas of Jodhpur. This study evaluates the suitability of municipal wastewater for irrigation in agriculture. Samples were collected from the Basni Bedan drainage area during December, 2022 and were analysed for various physico-chemical and biological parameters. The SAR value and EC were observed as 13 + 0.20 Meq/L and 1352.5 + 20.11 μS cm−1. BOD, DO, and COD values were obtained 56 + 2.57, 365 + 7.64, and 3.55 + 0.13 mg/L, respectively, which were above the Indian Standard permissible levels. High levels of total coliform counts, 177.5 + 4.86 MPN/100mL, were found. Statistical analysis reveals a positive correlation for pairs chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (R=0.98) and a negative correlation for pairs BOD and dissolved oxygen (DO) (R=0.99). It was concluded that the studied wastewater is polluted and may cause potential health risks. There is a need for proper planning and strategies to develop an economical viable treatment system for sustainable agricultural management.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"131 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136232535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the semi-arid Marrakech-Safi (MS) region of southwest Morocco, climate change has amplified drought occurrences, posing significant threats to water resources and agriculture. A comprehensive understanding of drought patterns is imperative to manage these risks and enhance resilience effectively. Precipitation from 18 pluviometer stations was employed to analyze meteorological drought using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) from 1980 to 2018. Additionally, agricultural drought is quantified using three remote sensing-driven indices: vegetation condition index (VCI), temperature conditions index (TCI), and vegetation health index (VHI) from 2000 to 2018. These indices are correlated with SPI to evaluate their performance and gauge vegetation sensitivity to meteorological drought. The Mann–Kendall test assesses trends in drought events and their severity. The results demonstrated that SPI, VCI, TCI, and VHI experienced alternating dry and wet periods with an overall upward trend, especially in mountainous areas, plateau zones, and Haouz plain of the MS region. The correlation analysis establishes a significant relationship between remote sensing-based indices and SPI-6, with mean correlation coefficients exceeding 0.6. The findings underscore the importance of considering multiple time scales to comprehensively assess climate's impact on vegetation. Seasonal drought trends analysis indicates no significant negative trends in winter and spring but positive trends in autumn.
{"title":"Assessment of drought variability in the Marrakech-Safi region (Morocco) at different time scales using GIS and remote sensing","authors":"Chaima Elair, Khalid Rkha Chaham, Abdessamad Hadri","doi":"10.2166/ws.2023.283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.283","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the semi-arid Marrakech-Safi (MS) region of southwest Morocco, climate change has amplified drought occurrences, posing significant threats to water resources and agriculture. A comprehensive understanding of drought patterns is imperative to manage these risks and enhance resilience effectively. Precipitation from 18 pluviometer stations was employed to analyze meteorological drought using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) from 1980 to 2018. Additionally, agricultural drought is quantified using three remote sensing-driven indices: vegetation condition index (VCI), temperature conditions index (TCI), and vegetation health index (VHI) from 2000 to 2018. These indices are correlated with SPI to evaluate their performance and gauge vegetation sensitivity to meteorological drought. The Mann–Kendall test assesses trends in drought events and their severity. The results demonstrated that SPI, VCI, TCI, and VHI experienced alternating dry and wet periods with an overall upward trend, especially in mountainous areas, plateau zones, and Haouz plain of the MS region. The correlation analysis establishes a significant relationship between remote sensing-based indices and SPI-6, with mean correlation coefficients exceeding 0.6. The findings underscore the importance of considering multiple time scales to comprehensively assess climate's impact on vegetation. Seasonal drought trends analysis indicates no significant negative trends in winter and spring but positive trends in autumn.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136263590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract By constructing a regional water–energy–food interaction model, from the perspectives of supply and demand, this study has revealed both the coupling and synergistic effects of the three major elements of water–energy–food at the regional level and the interaction between internal and external resources in the region, and explored the sustainable development of the region under the association of the three major elements of water–energy–food. In this paper, the energy supply and demand measurement model and the optimal regional total cost measurement model were used to optimize the regional total cost measurement. This paper briefly introduces the concepts, application scope, and limitations of scenario analysis. Because the future development of society is very uncertain, it is a very useful tool for predicting and calculating the future scenario and sustainable development of the region. Agricultural water accounted for 55% of the total water resources, and industrial water accounted for 18%. This paper took the main grain-producing areas as an example and enriched the existing research on the water–energy–food relationship to a certain extent by analyzing the current situation and influencing factors of the synergistic development of water–energy–food systems, offering reference to the subsequent related research.
{"title":"Water–energy–food Nexus based on a new perspective of regional sustainable development","authors":"Mocheng Zhu","doi":"10.2166/ws.2023.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2023.281","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract By constructing a regional water–energy–food interaction model, from the perspectives of supply and demand, this study has revealed both the coupling and synergistic effects of the three major elements of water–energy–food at the regional level and the interaction between internal and external resources in the region, and explored the sustainable development of the region under the association of the three major elements of water–energy–food. In this paper, the energy supply and demand measurement model and the optimal regional total cost measurement model were used to optimize the regional total cost measurement. This paper briefly introduces the concepts, application scope, and limitations of scenario analysis. Because the future development of society is very uncertain, it is a very useful tool for predicting and calculating the future scenario and sustainable development of the region. Agricultural water accounted for 55% of the total water resources, and industrial water accounted for 18%. This paper took the main grain-producing areas as an example and enriched the existing research on the water–energy–food relationship to a certain extent by analyzing the current situation and influencing factors of the synergistic development of water–energy–food systems, offering reference to the subsequent related research.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"40 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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