Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISSPA.2001.949773
J. Mukherjee, M. Moore, S. Mitra
In a single-chip digital color imaging sensor, a color filter array (CFA) is used to obtain sampled spectral components (red, green and blue) in an interleaved fashion. Color demosaicing is the process of interpolating these regularly spaced sampled values into a dense pixel map for each spectral component. We present two new color interpolation techniques with low buffer requirements for processing while developing color images with very good quality. We also present a comparative study with other interpolation techniques of similar buffer requirements.
{"title":"Color demosaicing with constrained buffering","authors":"J. Mukherjee, M. Moore, S. Mitra","doi":"10.1109/ISSPA.2001.949773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSPA.2001.949773","url":null,"abstract":"In a single-chip digital color imaging sensor, a color filter array (CFA) is used to obtain sampled spectral components (red, green and blue) in an interleaved fashion. Color demosaicing is the process of interpolating these regularly spaced sampled values into a dense pixel map for each spectral component. We present two new color interpolation techniques with low buffer requirements for processing while developing color images with very good quality. We also present a comparative study with other interpolation techniques of similar buffer requirements.","PeriodicalId":236050,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Signal Processing and its Applications (Cat.No.01EX467)","volume":"211 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123265732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950223
A. Yatim, N. Idris
Digital signal processors (DSPs) are becoming more popular in the area of AC motor control, in particular the induction motor drives. The fast number crunching capabilities of DSPs which are traditionally meant for data processing tasks such as image processing and speech recognition, are being utilised to perform on-line calculation of the AC motor variables, such as electromagnetic torque, fluxes, mechanical speed, etc. This paper presents the implementation of a high performance induction motor control technique known as direct torque control (DTC) utilising the TMS320C31 DSP from Texas Instrument. To minimise the sampling period of the implemented drive system, a Xilinx FPGA (XC4005E) is used to perform some of the main tasks of DTC drives. Experimental results of this high performance drive system on a 1/4 hp standard induction motor are as expected and agree with the theoretical work.
{"title":"Implementation of direct torque control of induction machine utilising TMS320C31 digital signal processor","authors":"A. Yatim, N. Idris","doi":"10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950223","url":null,"abstract":"Digital signal processors (DSPs) are becoming more popular in the area of AC motor control, in particular the induction motor drives. The fast number crunching capabilities of DSPs which are traditionally meant for data processing tasks such as image processing and speech recognition, are being utilised to perform on-line calculation of the AC motor variables, such as electromagnetic torque, fluxes, mechanical speed, etc. This paper presents the implementation of a high performance induction motor control technique known as direct torque control (DTC) utilising the TMS320C31 DSP from Texas Instrument. To minimise the sampling period of the implemented drive system, a Xilinx FPGA (XC4005E) is used to perform some of the main tasks of DTC drives. Experimental results of this high performance drive system on a 1/4 hp standard induction motor are as expected and agree with the theoretical work.","PeriodicalId":236050,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Signal Processing and its Applications (Cat.No.01EX467)","volume":"335 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124908470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISSPA.2001.949836
Yi Yang, Chunyan Wang, M. Ahmad, M. Swamy
This paper presents a cost-effective VLSI architecture for a two-dimensional (2-D) inverse discrete cosine transform (IDCT) core based on a modified on-line CORDIC algorithm. In order to have a low hardware complexity and to provide a good performance, the proposed design is based on the row-column decomposition approach and distributed arithmetic (DA). By reformulating the 1-D IDCT functions using the CORDIC approach, the proposed design requires about 60% less ROM than the conventional DA-based IDCT without using CORDIC. In our architecture the on-line algorithm is used to further reduce the area and to enhance the computation speed. The core operates on blocks of 8/spl times/8 pixels, with 12-bit and 8-bit precision for inputs and outputs, respectively. The proposed design has been synthesized by using 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. The simulation results show that the core for IDCT can run at 150 MHz with 60 Mpixel/s throughput, while meeting the requirement of the H.26x standard.
本文提出了一种基于改进的在线CORDIC算法的二维(2-D)反离散余弦变换(IDCT)核的高效VLSI结构。为了降低硬件复杂度并提供良好的性能，该设计基于行-列分解方法和分布式算法(DA)。通过使用CORDIC方法重新制定1-D IDCT功能，所提出的设计比不使用CORDIC的传统基于数据的IDCT减少了约60%的ROM。在我们的体系结构中，采用了在线算法，进一步减小了面积，提高了计算速度。核心在8/spl倍/8像素的块上运行，输入和输出分别具有12位和8位精度。采用0.35-/spl μ m CMOS工艺合成了该电路。仿真结果表明，该IDCT核心工作频率为150 MHz，吞吐量为60 Mpixel/s，满足H.26x标准的要求。
{"title":"An on-line CORDIC based 2-D IDCT implementation using distributed arithmetic","authors":"Yi Yang, Chunyan Wang, M. Ahmad, M. Swamy","doi":"10.1109/ISSPA.2001.949836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSPA.2001.949836","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a cost-effective VLSI architecture for a two-dimensional (2-D) inverse discrete cosine transform (IDCT) core based on a modified on-line CORDIC algorithm. In order to have a low hardware complexity and to provide a good performance, the proposed design is based on the row-column decomposition approach and distributed arithmetic (DA). By reformulating the 1-D IDCT functions using the CORDIC approach, the proposed design requires about 60% less ROM than the conventional DA-based IDCT without using CORDIC. In our architecture the on-line algorithm is used to further reduce the area and to enhance the computation speed. The core operates on blocks of 8/spl times/8 pixels, with 12-bit and 8-bit precision for inputs and outputs, respectively. The proposed design has been synthesized by using 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. The simulation results show that the core for IDCT can run at 150 MHz with 60 Mpixel/s throughput, while meeting the requirement of the H.26x standard.","PeriodicalId":236050,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Signal Processing and its Applications (Cat.No.01EX467)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133295480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISSPA.2001.949847
Z. M. Hussain, B. Boashash
This paper presents a new class of time-frequency. distributions (TFDs) suitable for efficient amplitude and instantaneous frequency (IF) estimation of mono- and multicomponent FM signals. The main characteristic of these TFDs, referred to as T-distributions, is that their kernels are functions of time only in the time-lag domain, hence the name time-only kernels. It is shown that separable time-lag kernels should be lag-independent for best resolution. In addition, amplitude estimation is possible directly from the T-distributions in the case of FM signals, a property that is not verified by other TFDs. The exponential and hyperbolic members of this class are analyzed. Numerical examples are incorporated to show the superior performance of the time-only kernels as compared to their two-dimensional counterparts.
{"title":"Design of time-frequency distributions for amplitude and IF estimation of multicomponent signals","authors":"Z. M. Hussain, B. Boashash","doi":"10.1109/ISSPA.2001.949847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSPA.2001.949847","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new class of time-frequency. distributions (TFDs) suitable for efficient amplitude and instantaneous frequency (IF) estimation of mono- and multicomponent FM signals. The main characteristic of these TFDs, referred to as T-distributions, is that their kernels are functions of time only in the time-lag domain, hence the name time-only kernels. It is shown that separable time-lag kernels should be lag-independent for best resolution. In addition, amplitude estimation is possible directly from the T-distributions in the case of FM signals, a property that is not verified by other TFDs. The exponential and hyperbolic members of this class are analyzed. Numerical examples are incorporated to show the superior performance of the time-only kernels as compared to their two-dimensional counterparts.","PeriodicalId":236050,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Signal Processing and its Applications (Cat.No.01EX467)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134411271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISSPA.2001.949834
Pierre-Yves Burgi, F. Heitger
A new analog VLSI architecture using the time domain for processing and encoding sensory information is proposed. This architecture is based on steerable filters to locally extract edge information (intensity and direction). This information is subsequently encoded using address-event pulses transmitted on asynchronous buses. The amplitude of the sensory signals are sampled in such a way that strong amplitudes are assigned short latencies. Furthermore, the sampling rate can be controlled dynamically to ensure optimum information transmission on the buses. An optical character recognition demonstrator, based on this front-end architecture, is briefly described.
{"title":"A fast 100/spl times/100 pixel silicon retina for edge extraction with application in OCR","authors":"Pierre-Yves Burgi, F. Heitger","doi":"10.1109/ISSPA.2001.949834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSPA.2001.949834","url":null,"abstract":"A new analog VLSI architecture using the time domain for processing and encoding sensory information is proposed. This architecture is based on steerable filters to locally extract edge information (intensity and direction). This information is subsequently encoded using address-event pulses transmitted on asynchronous buses. The amplitude of the sensory signals are sampled in such a way that strong amplitudes are assigned short latencies. Furthermore, the sampling rate can be controlled dynamically to ensure optimum information transmission on the buses. An optical character recognition demonstrator, based on this front-end architecture, is briefly described.","PeriodicalId":236050,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Signal Processing and its Applications (Cat.No.01EX467)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129081425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950206
Alexander Stoffel, Anissa Zergaïnoh-Mokraoui, C. Kulcsár, J. Astruc
The quality of the reconstructed image, from a very weak set of irregularly spaced pixels, depends strongly on the localization of pixels on the image grid. Two different subsampling methods show that the distribution of the pixels is closely linked to the characteristics of the image. The first method, based on the second generation of wavelets decomposes the original image in several subsets. Pixels belonging to each subset are distributed according to a threshold. The second method chooses the subset minimizing the mean square error of the reconstructed image. The reconstruction method is a two-dimensional statistical interpolation method. Both subsets of pixels, provided by the two methods, have similar characteristics. Experimental results are provided and show that most of pixels are located in sharp edge regions.
{"title":"The importance of edges in irregular subsampling","authors":"Alexander Stoffel, Anissa Zergaïnoh-Mokraoui, C. Kulcsár, J. Astruc","doi":"10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950206","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of the reconstructed image, from a very weak set of irregularly spaced pixels, depends strongly on the localization of pixels on the image grid. Two different subsampling methods show that the distribution of the pixels is closely linked to the characteristics of the image. The first method, based on the second generation of wavelets decomposes the original image in several subsets. Pixels belonging to each subset are distributed according to a threshold. The second method chooses the subset minimizing the mean square error of the reconstructed image. The reconstruction method is a two-dimensional statistical interpolation method. Both subsets of pixels, provided by the two methods, have similar characteristics. Experimental results are provided and show that most of pixels are located in sharp edge regions.","PeriodicalId":236050,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Signal Processing and its Applications (Cat.No.01EX467)","volume":"46 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133567437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950184
A. Al-Ani, Mohamed Deriche
We present a mutual information-based technique to perform feature selection for the purpose of classification. The technique selects those features that have maximum mutual information with the specified classes. The best solution may be obtained through an exhaustive search (all possible combinations). However, even with a small number of features, this solution becomes impractical due to the exponentially increasing computational cost. Unlike other techniques that select features individually, our technique considers a trade off between computational cost and combined feature selection. Extensive experiments have shown that the proposed technique outperforms existing feature selection methods based on individual features.
{"title":"An optimal feature selection technique using the concept of mutual information","authors":"A. Al-Ani, Mohamed Deriche","doi":"10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950184","url":null,"abstract":"We present a mutual information-based technique to perform feature selection for the purpose of classification. The technique selects those features that have maximum mutual information with the specified classes. The best solution may be obtained through an exhaustive search (all possible combinations). However, even with a small number of features, this solution becomes impractical due to the exponentially increasing computational cost. Unlike other techniques that select features individually, our technique considers a trade off between computational cost and combined feature selection. Extensive experiments have shown that the proposed technique outperforms existing feature selection methods based on individual features.","PeriodicalId":236050,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Signal Processing and its Applications (Cat.No.01EX467)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133928835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950260
S. Shamsuddin, M. Baba, Deepak K. Ghodgaonkar
The objective of this paper is to discuss on the implementation of cryptographic security algorithms for radio telemetry using the graphical programming software from National Instruments known as LabVIEW. The telemetry system consists of a remote telemetry station (RTS) and base telemetry station (BTS) for acquiring and monitoring environmental conditions respectively. RTS setup includes a desktop computer integrated with a data acquisition system, 1200 bps modem and GP300 Motorola walkie talkie (see Ghodgaonkar, D.K. et al., IEEE Proceedings Malaysia Section 2nd National Conference on Telecommunications Technology, p.88-93, 1998). The BTS has the same setup as the RTS except that it does not have a data acquisition system. The walkie-talkie operating frequency is 477.1 MHz with FM transmission. A combination of One Time Pad (OTP) and Caesar Cipher cryptographic algorithms are implemented in order to safeguard the information from eavesdroppers. OTP was chosen because it is suitable for low bit rate data.
本文的目的是讨论使用美国国家仪器公司的图形编程软件LabVIEW实现无线电遥测的加密安全算法。遥测系统由远程遥测站(RTS)和基遥测站(BTS)组成，分别用于获取和监测环境条件。RTS设置包括与数据采集系统集成的台式计算机，1200 bps调制解调器和GP300摩托罗拉对讲机(见Ghodgaonkar, D.K. et al.， IEEE Proceedings Malaysia Section 2nd National Conference on Telecommunications Technology, p.88- 93,1998)。除了没有数据采集系统外，防弹少年团的设置与RTS相同。对讲机工作频率为477.1 MHz，调频传输。为了保护信息不被窃听，实现了一次性垫(OTP)和凯撒密码(Caesar Cipher)的组合加密算法。选择OTP是因为它适合于低比特率数据。
{"title":"Implementation of cryptographic algorithms for radio telemetry using LabVIEW","authors":"S. Shamsuddin, M. Baba, Deepak K. Ghodgaonkar","doi":"10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950260","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to discuss on the implementation of cryptographic security algorithms for radio telemetry using the graphical programming software from National Instruments known as LabVIEW. The telemetry system consists of a remote telemetry station (RTS) and base telemetry station (BTS) for acquiring and monitoring environmental conditions respectively. RTS setup includes a desktop computer integrated with a data acquisition system, 1200 bps modem and GP300 Motorola walkie talkie (see Ghodgaonkar, D.K. et al., IEEE Proceedings Malaysia Section 2nd National Conference on Telecommunications Technology, p.88-93, 1998). The BTS has the same setup as the RTS except that it does not have a data acquisition system. The walkie-talkie operating frequency is 477.1 MHz with FM transmission. A combination of One Time Pad (OTP) and Caesar Cipher cryptographic algorithms are implemented in order to safeguard the information from eavesdroppers. OTP was chosen because it is suitable for low bit rate data.","PeriodicalId":236050,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Signal Processing and its Applications (Cat.No.01EX467)","volume":"56 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120917458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950203
How Sun Dee, V. Jeoti
We propose a hybrid transform that performs one-level wavelet decomposition of any image and follows it with a discrete cosine transform (DCT) in its lowpass sub-band. It shows a definite improvement over the DCT-based JPEG coder performance, in that it allows for a wider range of compression ratios (CR) over which the coder PSNR performance is good while it requires far fewer computations. We show that even though the proposed transform has similarity to sub-band DCT, it outperforms sub-band DCT at low CR and is as good as the sub-band DCT at high CR.
{"title":"On image compression: a DWT-DCT algorithm","authors":"How Sun Dee, V. Jeoti","doi":"10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950203","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a hybrid transform that performs one-level wavelet decomposition of any image and follows it with a discrete cosine transform (DCT) in its lowpass sub-band. It shows a definite improvement over the DCT-based JPEG coder performance, in that it allows for a wider range of compression ratios (CR) over which the coder PSNR performance is good while it requires far fewer computations. We show that even though the proposed transform has similarity to sub-band DCT, it outperforms sub-band DCT at low CR and is as good as the sub-band DCT at high CR.","PeriodicalId":236050,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Signal Processing and its Applications (Cat.No.01EX467)","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115278259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950253
S. A. Samat, S. M. Tahir, A. Sha'ameri
This paper proposes the use of spectrum estimation with cross spectrum correlation to monitor the condition of automotive engines based on their sound signatures. This approach is convenient and economical as it is nonintrusive and does not require high precision sensors, The nonparametric spectrum estimation is chosen because the sample available is sufficiently large such that there is no leakage and frequency resolution problem. The methods chosen are periodogram, Bartlett, Welch and Blackman-Tukey.
{"title":"Engines condition monitoring based on spectrum analysis of sound signals","authors":"S. A. Samat, S. M. Tahir, A. Sha'ameri","doi":"10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSPA.2001.950253","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes the use of spectrum estimation with cross spectrum correlation to monitor the condition of automotive engines based on their sound signatures. This approach is convenient and economical as it is nonintrusive and does not require high precision sensors, The nonparametric spectrum estimation is chosen because the sample available is sufficiently large such that there is no leakage and frequency resolution problem. The methods chosen are periodogram, Bartlett, Welch and Blackman-Tukey.","PeriodicalId":236050,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Signal Processing and its Applications (Cat.No.01EX467)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123980622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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