Violence Against Women最新文献

About 25% of college women experience intimate partner violence (IPV) or sexual violence (SV). Routine screening can identify those experiencing violence, refer them for care and mitigate long-term sequelae. We interviewed 35 healthcare providers to explore barriers and facilitators to IPV/SV screening in U.S. college health centers. Individual-level barriers were personal discomfort asking about IPV/SV and perceived student resistance to being asked. Organizational barriers included lack of established policies/procedures, inadequate time/staffing and referral resources and perceived lack of standardized IPV/SV screening guidelines. Facilitators were having IPV/SV screening questions within the electronic health record and universal approaches to IPV/SV screening.

College sexual assault (SA) often occurs in social contexts. Perceiving and responding to SA risk is important for prevention. SA history is linked to poorer risk perception and response. Interpersonal orientations, particularly low agency and high communion (LAHC), might confer additional risk. Using a SA vignette paradigm, we examined LAHC as a moderator of associations between SA severity and SA risk perception and response. Prior SA severity related to earlier risk detection, yet longer discomfort toleration before leaving the scenario, only among women with high LAHC orientation. Prevention efforts could target the time between SA risk detection and behavior response.

Obstetric violence includes multiple forms of mistreatment perpetrated by healthcare workers and institutions toward patients during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. A common manifestation is linguistic violence, often presented as mocking, threatening, or yelling at patients. Using critical narrative analysis of 105 semistructured interviews with health providers and patients in Medellín, Colombia, this study found that silence and silencing are forms of violence in obstetrics but can also function as acts of resistance. This study expands current research on language use in cases of violence against women in clinical settings and expands the concept of "linguistic obstetric violence" beyond verbal abuse.

The social imaginary that legitimizes sexual violence is continuously reinforced by discourses that are deployed in the aftermath of physical attacks. These, in turn, nourish a specific type of collective memory from which clear social identities emerge. This article identifies the textual trajectories of social meanings associated with sexual violence and their discursive expressions in media, legal, and political discourses. The examples provided here are related to the Spanish "wolf pack case" and its social and political consequences. It concludes that the case not only generated a conceptual battle about violence but also a mnemonic dispute related to newly interpellated subjectivities.

Previous research has found that both racism and sexual assault are related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and chronic pain. Black women have unique relationships to these stressors situated within contexts of oppression, and little is known about factors that may exacerbate these associations among Black women. Among Black women experiencing both racism and sexual assault (n = 148), emotion clarity moderated the relation between PTSD and chronic pain, β = .0126, SE = 0.0059, p < .05. Our findings support the importance of considering the place that psychological constructs like emotion regulation and traumatic stressors hold in contexts of oppression.

To respond to sexual misconduct many universities have implemented mandatory reporting (MR), which requires university employees to report disclosures of sexual misconduct to university officials. The current study examines student perceptions of three different approaches to MR (universal, selective, and student-directed). Results revealed that most students preferred a student-directed approach to MR over selective or universal approaches. Survivors of sexual misconduct indicated lower intent to report misconduct under the universal approach to MR compared to their nonvictimized peers. Additionally, under the universal approach to MR, LGBQ+ individuals endorsed lower intent to report misconduct compared to heterosexual individuals.

Recent events, such as the #Metoo movement, have renewed sexual assault victims calls for change. Legal change has, unfortunately, been slow for sexual assault survivors who were voluntarily intoxicated during their victimization. To understand the legal remedies available for voluntarily intoxicated victims', this study explored state sexual assault laws across the United States of America. The results indicate that there exist significant shortcomings in the interpretation of and evidentiary requirements in voluntary victim intoxication cases. Policy implications from these results are discussed in the hopes of providing voluntarily intoxicated sexual assault victims greater access to justice.

Studies exploring perception-based sexual violence risk across the United Kingdom are limited, but research that examines how mothers consider their daughter's risk is even more uncommon. This interview-based study compared the experiences of 10 mothers with 10 young women based in the United Kingdom to understand their perceived sexual violence risk, and how they manage such risks. Findings indicate conflicting ideas of risk perception, yet similarities across risk management strategies, and concerns over the UK government's ability to respond to sexual violence. Prevalence of sexual violence fear, current flaws within policy, and the importance of further studying the mother-daughter dyad are highlighted.

A #MeToo movement ("#ancheame" in Italian) gained momentum in Italy in January 2023 in the wake of a newborn's death resulting peak in women's online discussion about obstetric violence. This research explored women's perceptions of obstetric violence as shared online. The ultimate goal was to gain insight and information for improving obstetrical training and help health personnel recognize and reduce obstetric violence. Through the method of digital storytelling the results indicate that medical procedures done without consent, pressure to breastfeed, verbal aggression, and a lack of respect, information, and attention to women's needs may constitute perceived aspects of obstetric violence.

The conceptualization of social problems is an important site for examining the extent to which the knowledge and priorities of local practitioners are reflected in international policy. This study employed critical discourse analysis to examine the constructions of domestic violence (DV) used by service providers in Pokhara, Nepal, as compared with two major international women's human rights policy documents. Both constructed DV as a human rights issue that should be contextualized within patriarchal and intersecting oppressions. Service providers additionally emphasized the denial of rights and entitlements of family life as DV. This finding underscores the long-term risks that survivors navigate and suggests that international human rights policymakers should broaden conceptualizations of DV.