Violence Against Women最新文献

One area where sexual abuse has been understudied is among women ridesharing drivers in the United States, where they commonly face what is known as technology-facilitated gender-based violence from mostly male riders. A key research question is how these male passengers respond when women drivers fight back through confrontation. This study uses 47 incidents of sexual abuse from 25 drivers from an online survey to demonstrate that perpetrators are most likely to resist (continue their abuse), followed by a smaller number where they attempt to remedy the situation, and least frequently retaliate against their drivers.

Conceptualizing commercial sexual exploitation (CSE) in linear stages of pre-, peri- and postexploitation misses the complex transformation of relationships required to engage in recovery. Through an ongoing partnership with a local residential recovery program, we conducted interviews with six survivors of CSE. Results suggest pivotal transition moments, first marking transition from childhood or domestic violence, when abuse becomes exchange, and then, upon efforts to exit from CSE, repeated cycles of efforts like those exiting intimate partner violence. These complex transitions suggest a more complex alteration of relationships across a trajectory of exploitation. Postexploitation services may support sustained exit by helping individuals create new healthy relationships.

While Latinx individuals constitute nearly 20% of the U.S. population, few gender-based violence studies have focused on or prioritized Latinx survivors to examine their unique experiences and patterns related to sexual assault. After critically interrogating how individuals and communities are racialized as Latinx in the United States, we use 5 years of statewide data to document sexual assault dynamics among Latinx survivors who sought post-assault medical care. Our findings offer insights to improve responses and support for Latinx individuals. This research underscores the importance of intentional and culturally specific approaches in studying and addressing sexual assault among populations racialized as Latinx.

This qualitative and phenomenological study, through 16 in-depth face-to-face interviews and two discussion groups, elucidates the subjective experience of social stigma on mental health among 34 cisgender women sex workers in Colombia. After reflective and inductive thematic analysis of the data, two general themes emerged with their respective subthemes: (1) institutional stigma, insensitivity of healthcare providers, abuse of power by the police force, societal disapproval of the occupation, and unequal social treatment; (2) interpersonal stigma, language as a perpetrator of social stigma, family abandonment, conflict with work identity, and social isolation. A holistic approach is needed that addresses unmet needs and high vulnerability to deterioration of mental well-being due to social stigma against this group.

This longitudinal retrospective study of mistreatment, abuse, and gender-based violence during childbirth uses two population representative samples of Mexican women to analyze the incidence of obstetric violence in Mexico from 2011 to 2021. Our assessment is that there are more continuities than changes in the phenomenon and our study does not find evidence to support the claims of increases in obstetric violence during the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic. Conceptually it differentiates between acts of violence, disrespect, and abuse, based on socially constructed gender differences (gender-based violence), and those more generally related to medical authoritarianism and the biomedical model that confers medical professionals a more powerful and higher status relative to that of their patients.

Sexual violence is a prevalent crime that is heavily underreported. Police behaviors when responding to such crimes can influence decisions to report. Furthermore, there is a dearth of knowledge on the relationship between procedural justice tenets (e.g., dignity/respect, trustworthiness, fairness/neutrality, and having a voice) and survivors of sexual violence decisions to report. The current study uses 55 semistructured interviews with survivors of sexual violence across the United States to explore procedural justice tenets on individuals' decisions to report their victimization (or not). Findings underscore the importance for police to interact with survivors with tenets of dignity/respect. Practical implications are further discussed.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive concern among Latina women that requires accessible and culturally appropriate services for survivors, including programs to support parenting in the context of IPV. Evaluations of such programs are sparse, limiting understanding of how agencies can best serve Latina survivors who are parents. We conducted a feasibility study of a parenting group for Latina IPV survivors that included an analysis of administrative data, focus groups with program participants (n = 17), and interviews with facilitators (n = 4). Findings center on demand, acceptability, implementation, and recommendations. Overall, the program was well received, and results include suggestions to enhance the program.

The epidemic of fatal violence against Black transgender women in the United States requires immediate response. We conducted secondary analyses of public databases with 229 documented acts of fatal violence against transgender women; Black transgender women accounted for 78.6%. Significantly more Black transgender women were fatally shot by a gun (p < .001) and killed younger (p = .002) than non-Black transgender women. Perpetrators were identified in 54% of cases, among whom 75% were Black cisgender men. Most Black transgender women (64.6%) had romantic/sexual relationships with the perpetrator. Findings call for violence prevention responses that reduce Black transgender women's vulnerability to violence and engage Black cisgender men seeking intimate relationships with Black transgender women.

Sexual victimization may have serious consequences for victims' well-being. Thus, seeking support is encouraged and associated with positive outcomes. However, no research has compared the help-seeking behavior of victims of contact and image-based (i.e., noncontact) sexual violence. This study explores the differences in help-seeking behavior, and barriers to help-seeking, by comparing datasets from two online survey studies. The findings highlight that victims of contact sexual violence appear more likely to seek help, but also experience the barriers to help-seeking as greater. An exception is the minimization of the incident, which is experienced similarly by both. Future longitudinal research is recommended.

In recent years, China has endeavored to implement individualized sentencing for cases of intimate partner homicide (IPH), using both legal and extralegal factors, to protect potential female victims and female defendants. This study examines the factors influencing the sentencing of IPH, utilizing a sample comprising 921 cases from 2016 to 2021 on the China Judgments Online website. The results show that: (1) the legal factor "victim's fault" is the main reason for the leniency of sentencing for female defendants compared to male defendants; and (2) intimate partner relationships between defendants and victims can have a protective effect on sentencing.