Violence Against Women最新文献

The longitudinal effects of distinct intimate partner violence (IPV) types on neurocognition among South African women with HIV are unknown. Mixed linear models determined between-group (IPV exposed vs IPV unexposed) differences in domain-specific and global deficit scores (GDS) and associations with IPV types. There were no between-group differences in cognition (GDS and domain-specific) at baseline or 1-year follow-up. There were significant time*IPV type interaction effects (physical assault, sexual coercion, injury) in attention/working memory. IPV exposure was associated with a lack of cognitive improvement. IPV-screening among women with HIV is important for improved support and targeted interventions.

Missing values represent a major weakness of police-recorded crime data. This article examines missing data in rape cases recorded by five police forces in England and Wales between January 2018 and December 2020. A thematic analysis of semistructured interviews with police practitioners reveals factors that influence missing information in police datasets, and quantitative data analyses explore the volume and patterns of missing data across cases defined by different victim, suspect, and offense characteristics. Finally, we investigate the impact of missing data on outcomes of police investigations. We find that missing data is partly explained by victim, suspect, and case characteristics and is also associated with outcomes.

This study aimed to adapt the Victim Gaslighting Questionnaire (VGQ) into Turkish and evaluate its validity and reliability among women in Türkiye. This methodological epidemiological study collected data between February 1 and May 1, 2024, from 568 women aged 18 years and older. Data were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL. The findings, supported by exploratory factor analysis (EFA), revealed a two-factor structure consisting of Peer Disagreement and Loss of Self-Trust, which was further confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Analyses indicated good model fit (χ²/df = 2.87, RMSEA = 0.058, CFI = 0.96). The scale demonstrated strong internal consistency (α = .91) and satisfactory subscale reliabilities. Findings suggest the Turkish VGQ is a psychometrically sound tool for assessing gaslighting.

The lack of data is a major barrier to comprehending conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV). Existing studies indicate a high prevalence of violence but limited documentation. Media are often the first to report CRSV, thus, can data science methods analyze news reports promptly and accurately? We compare manual, machine-learning and Generative AI analysis of thousands of media reports. Five variables can be automatically coded with high accuracy, increasing to over 90% with "chain of thought" prompting. Data science can reveal previously unknown CRSV attributes to inform timely prevention, but it has important limitations that researchers, advocates, and policymakers should be aware of.

Although a popular approach for sexual violence prevention, limited research has explored the role of bystander intervention in the nonconsensual distribution of sexual images (NCD). Among 1,095 undergraduate students, online survey results indicated that although 76% had the opportunity to intervene, only 33% intervened prosocially; the most common prosocial intervention was confronting the perpetrator (28.2% of bystanders). Individual (e.g., bystander gender, sexual orientation, and prior bystander behavior) and situational variables (e.g., perpetrator and victim importance, victim gender, and how the images were shown/shared) were significantly associated with varied bystander behaviors, bearing implications for research and practice.

This article qualitatively explores women's experiences of violence in public maternity care in Niger to identify drivers, facilitators, manifestations, and consequences of the maltreatment of women during labor and delivery. The 58 participating mothers shared experiences that included physical abuse (slapping), verbal abuse (insults), psychological abuse (mockery), discrimination (social status/economic status), financial coercion (demanding money prior to care), and harmful birthing practices (forcing the baby out with elbows). Sociocultural aspects driving maltreatment of women included beliefs about expression of pain during labor and delivery, while social connections and the presence of the physician during delivery were protective factors.

This qualitative study examined what medical advocates do that is helpful and unhelpful in their interactions with sexual assault survivors from the perspective of nurses. Data were N = 22 semistructured interviews with sexual assault nurse examiners (SANEs) and non-SANEs. Inductive thematic analysis was used. Helpful ways advocates worked with survivors included providing emotional support, caring for tangible needs, providing information, supporting patient choice, staying with and focusing on the patient, and facilitating follow-up care. Unhelpful ways advocates worked with survivors included poor patient service and not respecting patient wishes. SANE training did not influence nurses' perceptions of advocate helpfulness.

This qualitative study explored the dimensions of psychic restructuring (PR) in trauma recovery among Sri Lankan Tamil refugee women. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 women residing at refugee camps in southern India; the acquired data was analyzed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. PR encompasses positive, negative, and neutral dimensions; it comprises the changes in social dynamics, healing of psychic wounds, and reunification of the individual and collective psyches. Its key positive dimensions included symbolic representations, channeling the attitudes and victimization experiences, and positive self-concept. Findings highlight the critical role of innovative PR-based mental health interventions in empowering refugee women by enhancing self-representation and agency.

Sexual assault medical forensic exams (SAMFEs) are essential for survivor care and justice system engagement. To receive federal STOP grant funding, states must ensure survivors are not billed for SAMFEs. However, states vary widely in what services are covered, leading to inconsistent implementation, billing errors, and institutional confusion. This study reviews codified statutes from all 50 states to develop a typology of SAMFE payment systems, focusing on governance, covered services, and fiscal caps. The framework highlights structural variation and provides a foundation for future research and policy development aimed at improving trauma-informed, equitable care for survivors.

Intimate partner violence is highly prevalent worldwide. Previous research has linked partner violence with reduced contraceptive use, but little is known about the role of non-physical violence in non-Western contexts. Using data from the 2015-16 India Demographic and Health Survey, this study investigates how unequal gender dynamics, marital violence, and coercive control influence unmet need for contraception. Findings suggest that coercive control may play an important role in shaping women's contraceptive use and reproductive autonomy. Health practitioners and advocates should consider coercive control by spouses as a meaningful barrier to contraceptive uptake when women wish to space or limit pregnancies.