Pub Date : 2003-06-15DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2003.1218154
T.C.Y. Wang, Z. Ye, G. Sinha, Xiaoming Yuan
Traditionally, LC filter is used for an inverter power supply. A grid-interconnected inverter, however, has some unique requirements that an LC filter may not be sufficient. This paper comprehensively discusses the design considerations of the output filter for the grid-interconnected inverter. Different passive damping filter solutions are compared and the optimized design guidelines are also proposed. Simulation results are provided to validate the design.
{"title":"Output filter design for a grid-interconnected three-phase inverter","authors":"T.C.Y. Wang, Z. Ye, G. Sinha, Xiaoming Yuan","doi":"10.1109/PESC.2003.1218154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2003.1218154","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, LC filter is used for an inverter power supply. A grid-interconnected inverter, however, has some unique requirements that an LC filter may not be sufficient. This paper comprehensively discusses the design considerations of the output filter for the grid-interconnected inverter. Different passive damping filter solutions are compared and the optimized design guidelines are also proposed. Simulation results are provided to validate the design.","PeriodicalId":236199,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 34th Annual Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03.","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127701087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-15DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2003.1218174
M. Bhatt, W. G. Hurley, W. Wolfle
For many years, intensive research has been undertaken to increase the life of valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries. Overcharging results in excessive temperature in the battery, which degrades the chemical composition of the electrolyte. When the battery reaches the end-of-charge state, the energy being supplied to the battery is no longer consumed in the charge reaction and this additional energy is dissipated as heat within the battery. At this point, the oxygen cycle accelerates, which leads to temperature rise inside the battery. State-of-the-art control technology is required to control the charging of the battery and prevent the battery going into thermal runaway. This paper discusses the charging strategies for VRLA batteries in standby applications. Intermittent charging decreases the continuous overcharge which arises in the case of float charging. But the charging regime to be used in an intermittent charging is a great dilemma to ensure the full recharge of the battery. This paper describes a new efficient method of charging batteries employing an intermittent charging technique called 'interrupted charge control'. Laboratory tests and results are presented.
{"title":"A new approach to intermittent charging of valve-regulated lead-acid batteries in standby applications","authors":"M. Bhatt, W. G. Hurley, W. Wolfle","doi":"10.1109/PESC.2003.1218174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2003.1218174","url":null,"abstract":"For many years, intensive research has been undertaken to increase the life of valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries. Overcharging results in excessive temperature in the battery, which degrades the chemical composition of the electrolyte. When the battery reaches the end-of-charge state, the energy being supplied to the battery is no longer consumed in the charge reaction and this additional energy is dissipated as heat within the battery. At this point, the oxygen cycle accelerates, which leads to temperature rise inside the battery. State-of-the-art control technology is required to control the charging of the battery and prevent the battery going into thermal runaway. This paper discusses the charging strategies for VRLA batteries in standby applications. Intermittent charging decreases the continuous overcharge which arises in the case of float charging. But the charging regime to be used in an intermittent charging is a great dilemma to ensure the full recharge of the battery. This paper describes a new efficient method of charging batteries employing an intermittent charging technique called 'interrupted charge control'. Laboratory tests and results are presented.","PeriodicalId":236199,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 34th Annual Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03.","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130107055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-15DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2003.1218324
B. Yuwen, Xinjian Jiang, Dongqi Zhu
In this paper, an optimized structure of the fuel cells (FCs) powered electric drive system is proposed. In this structure the supercapacitor is used to not only absorb the feedback energy of the motor but also store the unwanted output power of the FCs. So the power loss of the drive system will be reduced to minimum. The supercapacitor also is used to smooth the power output of the FCs. So the FCs can operate more efficiently. By proper control strategy the total efficiency of the drive system will be greatly improved. The system performance is simulated using MATLAB/sup /spl reg///SIMULINK and will be validated experimentally.
{"title":"Structure optimization of the fuel cell powered electric drive system","authors":"B. Yuwen, Xinjian Jiang, Dongqi Zhu","doi":"10.1109/PESC.2003.1218324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2003.1218324","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an optimized structure of the fuel cells (FCs) powered electric drive system is proposed. In this structure the supercapacitor is used to not only absorb the feedback energy of the motor but also store the unwanted output power of the FCs. So the power loss of the drive system will be reduced to minimum. The supercapacitor also is used to smooth the power output of the FCs. So the FCs can operate more efficiently. By proper control strategy the total efficiency of the drive system will be greatly improved. The system performance is simulated using MATLAB/sup /spl reg///SIMULINK and will be validated experimentally.","PeriodicalId":236199,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 34th Annual Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130108916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-15DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2003.1218282
J. Lee, B. Cho
In power electronics systems the management of power loss and temperature of switching devices is indispensable for the reliability of the whole system. In this paper, a simple electro-thermal simulation model is presented. This simulation model is capable of predicting the power loss and estimating the junction temperature of power device in various environmental conditions. The electro-thermal model is composed of electrical network model, semiconductor device model and thermal network model. These parts interact with each other to calculate the loss and temperature of device and parameters of each model. By focusing on the slow dynamics of heat sink temperature, the proposed model can be employed for the large time-scale simulations. A 200 W boost converter using a power MOSFET as an active switch and adopting a natural convection cooling aluminum heat sink as a cooling device was taken as an example system. The experimental results are compared with the predicted values of the simulation model.
{"title":"Large time-scale electro-thermal simulation for loss and thermal management of power MOSFET","authors":"J. Lee, B. Cho","doi":"10.1109/PESC.2003.1218282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2003.1218282","url":null,"abstract":"In power electronics systems the management of power loss and temperature of switching devices is indispensable for the reliability of the whole system. In this paper, a simple electro-thermal simulation model is presented. This simulation model is capable of predicting the power loss and estimating the junction temperature of power device in various environmental conditions. The electro-thermal model is composed of electrical network model, semiconductor device model and thermal network model. These parts interact with each other to calculate the loss and temperature of device and parameters of each model. By focusing on the slow dynamics of heat sink temperature, the proposed model can be employed for the large time-scale simulations. A 200 W boost converter using a power MOSFET as an active switch and adopting a natural convection cooling aluminum heat sink as a cooling device was taken as an example system. The experimental results are compared with the predicted values of the simulation model.","PeriodicalId":236199,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 34th Annual Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03.","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134593776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-15DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2003.1218307
H. Njiende, N. Froehleke, W. Cronje
A complete modeling approach of integrated magnetic components comprising a transformer and filter inductors is presented in this contribution, which is verified on a four winding component. Impacts of the center leg and outer leg air gaps on inductances, coupling factor and output current ripple are discussed. Analytical and FEM modeling results based on geometrical, material and winding data are compared to experimental results. The complete modeling of the integrated magnetic component, also required for input and output filter design, leads to a simplified integration into simulation tools enabling pre-optimization before breadboarding.
{"title":"Modeling and analysis of integrated magnetic components","authors":"H. Njiende, N. Froehleke, W. Cronje","doi":"10.1109/PESC.2003.1218307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2003.1218307","url":null,"abstract":"A complete modeling approach of integrated magnetic components comprising a transformer and filter inductors is presented in this contribution, which is verified on a four winding component. Impacts of the center leg and outer leg air gaps on inductances, coupling factor and output current ripple are discussed. Analytical and FEM modeling results based on geometrical, material and winding data are compared to experimental results. The complete modeling of the integrated magnetic component, also required for input and output filter design, leads to a simplified integration into simulation tools enabling pre-optimization before breadboarding.","PeriodicalId":236199,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 34th Annual Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03.","volume":"55 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131729732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-15DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2003.1216772
S. Muller, U. Ammann, S. Rees
While known modulation strategies for matrix converters are based on PWM or vector-modulation, this paper presents a novel time-discrete modulation method by which the switching state of the matrix converter is changed only at equidistant points in time. The decision about which switching state is to be set for the following sampling period, is made by use of a quality function. Using this approach, the switching state is selected in such a way as unity displacement factor is seen at the supply side whilst the load currents follow their reference values with good accuracy. The quality function mentioned above is determined via a mathematical model of the matrix converter and the controlled system. The one switching state that induces the optimum value of the quality function is selected for the next sampling interval. Measurements taken on a model plant, consisting of a matrix converter and a standard induction machine with a rated output power of 11 kW show that the matrix converter, equipped with the control method presented here, offers some advantages over systems with conventional frequency converters.
{"title":"New modulation strategy for a matrix converter with a very small mains filter","authors":"S. Muller, U. Ammann, S. Rees","doi":"10.1109/PESC.2003.1216772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2003.1216772","url":null,"abstract":"While known modulation strategies for matrix converters are based on PWM or vector-modulation, this paper presents a novel time-discrete modulation method by which the switching state of the matrix converter is changed only at equidistant points in time. The decision about which switching state is to be set for the following sampling period, is made by use of a quality function. Using this approach, the switching state is selected in such a way as unity displacement factor is seen at the supply side whilst the load currents follow their reference values with good accuracy. The quality function mentioned above is determined via a mathematical model of the matrix converter and the controlled system. The one switching state that induces the optimum value of the quality function is selected for the next sampling interval. Measurements taken on a model plant, consisting of a matrix converter and a standard induction machine with a rated output power of 11 kW show that the matrix converter, equipped with the control method presented here, offers some advantages over systems with conventional frequency converters.","PeriodicalId":236199,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 34th Annual Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03.","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131056722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-15DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2003.1218129
M. Ahmed, M. Kuisma, K. Tolsa, P. Silventoinen
The theory of sliding mode control (SMC) to switch mode power supplies have been widely investigated in literature, but most of the papers have focused on the theoretical aspects of this control without any practical implementations. This paper links the theory to practical power supply design. Analysis and experimental study of buck converter is presented, and nonlinear state feedback control is derived to achieve desired output voltage. The paper focuses on modelling a control circuit in Matlab/Simulink/spl trade/ and implementing it to the buck converter. Next, a prototype with SMC is build up. The output voltage and inductor current of the both models are compared in steady state mode and under line and load variations. The efficiency is also calculated from the measurements made with the prototype. All these measurements showed advantageous results.
{"title":"Implementing sliding mode control for buck converter","authors":"M. Ahmed, M. Kuisma, K. Tolsa, P. Silventoinen","doi":"10.1109/PESC.2003.1218129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2003.1218129","url":null,"abstract":"The theory of sliding mode control (SMC) to switch mode power supplies have been widely investigated in literature, but most of the papers have focused on the theoretical aspects of this control without any practical implementations. This paper links the theory to practical power supply design. Analysis and experimental study of buck converter is presented, and nonlinear state feedback control is derived to achieve desired output voltage. The paper focuses on modelling a control circuit in Matlab/Simulink/spl trade/ and implementing it to the buck converter. Next, a prototype with SMC is build up. The output voltage and inductor current of the both models are compared in steady state mode and under line and load variations. The efficiency is also calculated from the measurements made with the prototype. All these measurements showed advantageous results.","PeriodicalId":236199,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 34th Annual Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03.","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131176134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-15DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2003.1218303
Jongsun Ko, Kyu-Gyeom Kim, Yong-Jae Lee, In-Dong Kim
This paper presents external load disturbance compensation that uses deadbeat load torque observer and regulation of the compensation gain by parameter estimator. The response of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) follows that of the nominal plant. The load torque compensation method is composed of a deadbeat observer that is well-known method. However it has disadvantage such as a noise amplification effect. To reduce of the effect, the post-filter, which is implemented by MA process, is proposed. The parameter compensator with recursive least square method (RLSM) parameter estimator is suggested to increase the performance of the load torque observer and main controller. Although RLSM estimator is one of the most effective methods for online parameter identification, it is difficult to obtain unbiased result using itself only application. It is caused by disturbed dynamic model with external torque. The proposed RLSM estimator is combined with a high performance torque observer to resolve the problems. As a result, the proposed control system becomes a robust and precise system against the load torque and the parameter variation. A stability and usefulness, through the verified computer simulation and experiment, are shown in this paper.
{"title":"Precision speed control of PMSM using disturbance observer and system parameter compensator","authors":"Jongsun Ko, Kyu-Gyeom Kim, Yong-Jae Lee, In-Dong Kim","doi":"10.1109/PESC.2003.1218303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2003.1218303","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents external load disturbance compensation that uses deadbeat load torque observer and regulation of the compensation gain by parameter estimator. The response of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) follows that of the nominal plant. The load torque compensation method is composed of a deadbeat observer that is well-known method. However it has disadvantage such as a noise amplification effect. To reduce of the effect, the post-filter, which is implemented by MA process, is proposed. The parameter compensator with recursive least square method (RLSM) parameter estimator is suggested to increase the performance of the load torque observer and main controller. Although RLSM estimator is one of the most effective methods for online parameter identification, it is difficult to obtain unbiased result using itself only application. It is caused by disturbed dynamic model with external torque. The proposed RLSM estimator is combined with a high performance torque observer to resolve the problems. As a result, the proposed control system becomes a robust and precise system against the load torque and the parameter variation. A stability and usefulness, through the verified computer simulation and experiment, are shown in this paper.","PeriodicalId":236199,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 34th Annual Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03.","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132167950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-15DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2003.1218161
S. Rahmani, K. Al-haddad, F. Fnaiech
This paper presents a new indirect current control technique based on the instantaneous active current applied to shunt hybrid power filters (SHPF) to compensate harmonics and the reactive power of a nonlinear load. This method uses a residual signal constructed from the comparison between the supply currents and their desired values. To evaluate its performance, this method is compared to the direct current control technique based on the synchronous frame method. The switch patterns are greatly reduced. The ripples in the supply currents shapes are eliminated and the proportional gain K/sub p/ is automatically set. While its determination is a hard task using direct methods. A three-phase current controlled voltage source inverter feeds the primary windings of the transformer. The SHPF damps the resonant frequency created by source inductance and power factor correction capacitors to a noncritical value. Simulation results using Power System Blockset Toolbox PSB of Matlab show the performance of the proposed control algorithm with a reduced switch AF circuit and its capability to compensate for harmonics and reactive power.
{"title":"A new control technique based on the instantaneous active current applied to shunt hybrid power filters","authors":"S. Rahmani, K. Al-haddad, F. Fnaiech","doi":"10.1109/PESC.2003.1218161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2003.1218161","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new indirect current control technique based on the instantaneous active current applied to shunt hybrid power filters (SHPF) to compensate harmonics and the reactive power of a nonlinear load. This method uses a residual signal constructed from the comparison between the supply currents and their desired values. To evaluate its performance, this method is compared to the direct current control technique based on the synchronous frame method. The switch patterns are greatly reduced. The ripples in the supply currents shapes are eliminated and the proportional gain K/sub p/ is automatically set. While its determination is a hard task using direct methods. A three-phase current controlled voltage source inverter feeds the primary windings of the transformer. The SHPF damps the resonant frequency created by source inductance and power factor correction capacitors to a noncritical value. Simulation results using Power System Blockset Toolbox PSB of Matlab show the performance of the proposed control algorithm with a reduced switch AF circuit and its capability to compensate for harmonics and reactive power.","PeriodicalId":236199,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 34th Annual Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03.","volume":"41 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133107175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-15DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2003.1218326
T. Senjyu, K. Kinjo, N. Urasaki, K. Uezato
This paper presents a position sensorless control of synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) considering the stator iron loss with the extended Kalman filter (EKF). The EKF estimates the rotor position and speed of the SynRM. The EKF is developed based on the both the voltage equation considering the stator iron loss and dynamic equation of SynRM. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by experiment results.
{"title":"Sensorless control of synchronous reluctance motors considering the stator iron loss with extended Kalman filter","authors":"T. Senjyu, K. Kinjo, N. Urasaki, K. Uezato","doi":"10.1109/PESC.2003.1218326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2003.1218326","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a position sensorless control of synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) considering the stator iron loss with the extended Kalman filter (EKF). The EKF estimates the rotor position and speed of the SynRM. The EKF is developed based on the both the voltage equation considering the stator iron loss and dynamic equation of SynRM. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by experiment results.","PeriodicalId":236199,"journal":{"name":"IEEE 34th Annual Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03.","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115529635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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