World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical, Health, Biomedical, Bioengineering and Pharmaceutical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"The Role and Importance of Genome Sequencing in Prediction of Cancer Risk","authors":"M. Sadeghi, H. Pezeshk, R. Tusserkani, A. S. Zarchi, A. Malekpour, M. Foroughmand, S. Goliaei, M. Totonchi, N. Ansari-Pour","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.1131661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1131661","url":null,"abstract":"The role and relative importance of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in the development of complex diseases such as cancer still remains a controversial issue. Determining the amount of variation explained by these factors needs experimental data and statistical models. These models are nevertheless based on the occurrence and accumulation of random mutational events during stem cell division, thus rendering cancer development a stochastic outcome. We demonstrate that not only individual genome sequencing is uninformative in determining cancer risk, but also assigning a unique genome sequence to any given individual (healthy or affected) is not meaningful. Current whole-genome sequencing approaches are therefore unlikely to realize the promise of personalized medicine. In conclusion, since genome sequence differs from cell to cell and changes over time, it seems that determining the risk factor of complex diseases based on genome sequence is somewhat unrealistic, and therefore, the resulting data are likely to be inherently uninformative.","PeriodicalId":23673,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical, Health, Biomedical, Bioengineering and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78568751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Strength Training and Consumption of Glutamine Supplement on GH/IGF1 Axis","authors":"A. Barari","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1131049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1131049","url":null,"abstract":"Physical activity and diet are factors that influence the body's structure. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of four weeks of resistance training, and glutamine supplement consumption on growth hormone (GH), and Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) Axis. 40 amateur male bodybuilders, participated in this study. They were randomly divided into four equal groups, Resistance (R), Glutamine (G), Resistance with Glutamine (RG), and Control (C). The R group was assigned to a four week resistance training program, three times/week, three sets of 10 exercises with 6-10 repetitions, at the 80-95% 1RM (One Repetition Maximum), with 120 seconds rest between sets), G group is consuming l-glutamine (0.1 g/kg-1/day-1), RG group resistance training with consuming L-glutamine, and C group continued their normal lifestyle without exercise training. GH, IGF1, IGFBP-III plasma levels were measured before and after the protocol. One-way ANOVA indicated significant change in GH, IGF, and IGFBP-III between the four groups, and the Tukey test demonstrated significant increase in GH, IGF1, IGFBP-III plasma levels in R, and RG group. Based upon these findings, we concluded that resistance training at 80-95% 1RM intensity, and resistance training along with oral glutamine shows significantly increase secretion of GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP-III in amateur males, but the addition of oral glutamine to the exercise program did not show significant difference in GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP-III.","PeriodicalId":23673,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical, Health, Biomedical, Bioengineering and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86297834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermography Evaluation on Facial Temperature Recovery after Elastic Gum","authors":"A. Dionísio, L. Roseiro, Júlio Fonseca, P. Nicolau","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1130504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1130504","url":null,"abstract":"Thermography is a non-radiating and contact-free technology which can be used to monitor skin temperature. The efficiency and safety of thermography technology make it a useful tool for detecting and locating thermal changes in skin surface, characterized by increases or decreases in temperature. This work intends to be a contribution for the use of thermography as a methodology for evaluation of skin temperature in the context of orofacial biomechanics. The study aims to identify the oscillations of skin temperature in the left and right hemiface regions of the masseter muscle, during and after thermal stimulus, and estimate the time required to restore the initial temperature after the application of the stimulus. Using a FLIR T430sc camera, a data acquisition protocol was followed with a group of eight volunteers, aged between 22 and 27 years. The tests were performed in a controlled environment with the volunteers in a comfortably static position. The thermal stimulus involves the use of an ice volume with controlled size and contact surface. The skin surface temperature was recorded in two distinct situations, namely without further stimulus and with the additions of a stimulus obtained by a chewing gum. The data obtained were treated using FLIR Research IR Max software. The time required to recover the initial temperature ranged from 20 to 52 minutes when no stimulus was added and varied between 8 and 26 minutes with the chewing gum stimulus. These results show that recovery is faster with the addition of the stimulus and may guide clinicians regarding the pre and post-operative times with ice therapy, in the presence or absence of mechanical stimulus that increases muscle functions (e.g. phonetics or mastication).","PeriodicalId":23673,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical, Health, Biomedical, Bioengineering and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83290182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Mineral Density and Quality, Body Composition of Women in the Postmenopausal Period","authors":"V. Povoroznyuk, O. Ivanyk, N. Dzerovych","doi":"10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.03.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.03.138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23673,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical, Health, Biomedical, Bioengineering and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83574744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bronchospasm Analysis Following the Implementation of a Program of Maximum Aerobic Exercise in Active Men","authors":"Sajjad Shojaeidoust, M. Ghanbarzadeh, A. Habibi","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.1339714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1339714","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) is a transitory condition of airflow obstruction that is associated with physical activities. It is noted that high ventilation can lead to an increase in the heat and reduce in the moisture in airways resistance of trachea. Also causes of pathophysiological mechanism are EIB. Accordingly, studying some parameters of pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1) among active people seems quintessential. The aim of this study was to analyze bronchospasm following the implementation of a program of maximum aerobic exercise in active men at Chamran University of Ahwaz. Method: In this quasi-experimental study, the population consisted of all students at Chamran University. Among from 55 participants, of which, 15 were randomly selected as the experimental group. In this study, the size of the maximum oxygen consumption was initially measured, and then, based on the maximum oxygen consumed, the active individuals were identified. After five minutes' warm-up, Strand treadmill exercise test was taken (one session) and pulmonary parameters were measured at both pre- and post-tests (spirometer). After data normalization using KS and non-normality of the data, the Wilcoxon test was used to analyze the data. The significance level for all statistical surveys was considered p≤0/05. Results: The results showed that the ventilation factors and bronchospasm (FVC, FEV1) in the pre-test and post-test resulted in no significant difference among the active people (p≥0/05). Discussion and conclusion: Based on the results observed in this study, it appears that pulmonary indices in active individuals increased after aerobic test. The increase in this indicator in active people is due to increased volume and elasticity of the lungs as well. In other words, pulmonary index is affected by rib muscles. It is considered that progress over respiratory muscle strength and endurance has raised FEV1 in the active cases.","PeriodicalId":23673,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical, Health, Biomedical, Bioengineering and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73202007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Drug Reactions Monitoring in the Northern Region of Zambia","authors":"Ponshano Kaselekela, Simooya O. Oscar, Lunshano Boyd","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1129105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1129105","url":null,"abstract":"The Copperbelt University Health Services (CBUHS) was designated by the Zambia Medicines Regulatory Authority (ZAMRA), formally the Pharmaceutical Regulatory Authority (PRA) as a regional pharmacovigilance centre to carryout activities of drug safety monitoring in four provinces in Zambia. CBUHS's mandate included stimulating the reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), as well as collecting and collating ADR reports from health institutions in the four provinces. This report covers the researchers' experiences from May 2008 to September, 2016. The main objectives are 1) to monitor ADRs in the Zambian population, 2) to disseminate information to all health professionals in the region advising that the CBU health was a centre for reporting ADRs in the region, 3) to monitor polypharmacy as well as the benefit-risk profile of medicines, 4) to generate independent, evidence based recommendations on the safety of medicines, 5) to support ZAMRA in formulating safety related regulatory decisions for medicines, and 6) to communicate findings with all key stakeholders. The methodology involved monthly visits, beginning in early May 2008 to September, 2016, by the CBUHS to health institutions in the programme areas. Activities included holding discussions with health workers, distribution of ADR forms and collection of ADRs reports. These reports, once collected, were documented and assessed at the CBUHS. A report was then prepared for ZAMRA on quarterly basis. At ZAMRA, serious ADRs were noted and recommendations made to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Zambia. The results show that 2,600 ADRs reports were received at the pharmacovigilance regional centre. Most of the ADRs reports that received were due to antiretroviral drugs, as well as a few from anti-malarial drugs like Artemether/Lumefantrine – Coartem®. Three hundred and twelve ADRs were entered in the Uppsala Monitoring Centre WHO Vigiflow for further analysis. It was concluded that in general, 2008-16 were exciting years for the pharmacovigilance group at CBUHS. From a very tentative beginning, a lot of strides were made and contacts established with healthcare facilities in the region. The researchers were encouraged by the support received from the Copperbelt University management, the motivation provided by ZAMRA and most importantly the enthusiasm of health workers in all the health care facilities visited. As a centre for drug safety in Zambia, the results show it achieves its objectives for monitoring ADRs, Pharmacovigilance (drug safety monitoring), and activities of monitoring ADRs as well as preventing them. However, the centre faces critical challenges caused by erratic funding that prevents the smooth running of the programme.","PeriodicalId":23673,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical, Health, Biomedical, Bioengineering and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81614541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and Analytical Dose Assessment of Patient's Family Members Treated with I-131","authors":"Marzieh Ebrahimi, V. Changizi, M. Kardan, S. Pooya, P. Geramifar","doi":"10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.07.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.07.120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23673,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical, Health, Biomedical, Bioengineering and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76389498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness about HIV-Infection among HIV-Infected Individuals Attending Medical Moscow Center, Russia","authors":"M. Nosik, I. Rymanova, S. Sevostyanihin, N. Sergeeva, A. Sobkin","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1108216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1108216","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents results of the survey regarding the\u0000awareness about HIV/AIDS among HIV-infected individuals. A\u0000questionnaire covering various aspects of HIV-infection was\u0000conducted among 110 HIV-infected individuals who attended the\u0000G.A. Zaharyan Moscow Tuberculosis Clinic, Department for\u0000treatment of TB patients with HIV. The questionnaire included\u0000questions about modes of HIV transmission and preventive measures\u0000against HIV/AIDS, as well as questions about age, gender, education\u0000and employment status. The survey revealed that the respondents in\u0000the whole had a good knowledge regarding modes of HIV\u0000transmission and preventive measures against HIV/AIDS: about\u000083,6% male respondents and 85,7% female respondents gave an\u0000accurate answers regarding the HIV-infection. However, the\u0000overwhelming majority of the study participants, that is, 88,5% men\u0000and 98% women, was quite ignorant about the risk of acquiring HIV\u0000through saliva and toothbrush of HIV-infected individual. Though\u0000that risk is rather insignificant, it is still biologically possible. And\u0000this gap in knowledge needs to be filled. As the study showed another\u0000point of concern was the fact, that despite the knowledge of HIV\u0000transmission risk through unprotected sex about 40% percent of HIVpositive\u0000men and 25% of HIV-positive women did not insist on using\u0000condoms with their sexual partners. These findings indicate that there\u0000are still some aspects about HIV-infection which needed to be\u0000clarified and explained through more detailed and specific\u0000educational programs.","PeriodicalId":23673,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical, Health, Biomedical, Bioengineering and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91460984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LED Lighting Interviews and Assessment in Forest Machines","authors":"R. Pääkkönen, F. Gobba, L. Korpinen","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1108161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1108161","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study is to assess the implementation of LED lighting into forest machine work in the dark. In addition, the paper includes a wide variety of important and relevant safety and health parameters. In modern, computerized work in the cab of forest machines, artificial illumination is a demanding task when performing duties, such as the visual inspections of wood and computer calculations. We interviewed entrepreneurs and gathered the following as the most pertinent themes: (1) safety, (2) practical problems, and (3) work with LED lighting. The most important comments were in regards to the practical problems of LED lighting. We found indications of technical problems in implementing LED lighting, like snow and dirt on the surfaces of lamps that dim the emission of light. Moreover, service work in the dark forest is dangerous and increases the risks of on-site accidents. We also concluded that the amount of blue light to the eyes should be assessed, especially, when the drivers are working in a semi-dark cab. Keywords—Forest machines, health, LED, safety.","PeriodicalId":23673,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical, Health, Biomedical, Bioengineering and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84801030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Mammography Screening Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study of Egyptian Women","authors":"S. Abdelaziz, N. Youssef, Nadia Hassan, Rasha Wessam Abdel Rahman","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1105201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1105201","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is considered as a substantial health \u0000concern and practicing mammography screening [MS] is important in \u0000minimizing its related morbidity. So it is essential to have a better \u0000understanding of breast cancer screening behaviors of women and \u0000factors that influence utilization of them. The aim of this study is to \u0000identify the factors that are linked to MS behaviors among the \u0000Egyptian women. A cross-sectional descriptive design was carried \u0000out to provide a snapshot of the factors that are linked to MS \u0000behaviors. A convenience sample of 311 women was utilized and all \u0000eligible participants admitted to the Women Imaging Unit who are 40 \u0000years of age or above, coming for mammography assessment, not \u0000pregnant or breast feeding and who accepted to participate in the \u0000study were included. A structured questionnaire was developed by \u0000the researchers and contains three parts; Socio-demographic data; \u0000Motivating factors associated with MS; and association between MS \u0000and model of behavior change. The analyzed data indicated that most \u0000of the participated women (66.6%) belonged to the age group of 40- \u000049.A high proportion of participants (58.1%) of group having \u0000previous MS influenced by their neighbors to practice MS, whereas \u000032.7 % in group not having previous MS were influenced by family \u0000members which indicated significant differences (P \u0000and media shown to be the least influence of others to practice MS. \u0000Women with intention to have a future mammogram had higher OR \u0000(1.404) for practicing MS compared with women with no intention. \u0000Further studies are needed to examine the relation between Transtheoretical \u0000Model [TTM] and practicing MS.","PeriodicalId":23673,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical, Health, Biomedical, Bioengineering and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88968253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}