Objective: As a traditional medicinal plant listed in the Chinese Pharmacopeia, Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino (PAF) has a long medicinal history and high economic value. PAF has immunomodulatory properties and can be used to treat acute lung injury and eczema. The aim of this study is to solve the problems of extraction and purification of active components from PAF. Materials and Methods: The solvent to be used for extraction and its concentration, the solid-to-liquid ratio, and extraction duration were investigated using a single-factor experiment. An orthogonal design (L9[34]) was used to determine the optimum extraction conditions. After optimization, the sample's concentrations and flow velocity, the eluents and their velocity, adsorption time, and the removed water volume were measured. The content of the five steroids in the sample was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We also investigated the anti-inflammatory property of PAF calyxes before and after purification. Results: The optimum extraction and purification processes were determined by single-factor analysis. AB-8 was identified as the best macroporous adsorption resin for enrichment. After optimization, the average total steroid content was 71.83%, and the average recovery was 90% after purification. Among the five steroid components detected by HPLC, physalin F showed the highest content. Furthermore, the sample obtained after purification could significantly inhibit paw edema by egg whites induced. Conclusions: An environmentally-sustainable, efficient, and stable process was first optimized for enriching and purifying total steroids from PAF. The process has the potential for further development and utilization in the pharmaceutical industry.
{"title":"Extraction, purification, and anti-Inflammatory activity of steroid fraction from Physalis Alkekengi L. Var. Franchetii (Mast.) makino","authors":"Zunpeng Shu, Tianyi Xia, Yi Wang, Yanni Yang, Wuchao Wang, Zihe Ding, Renxing Zhong, Ying Chen, Wei Li, Mingming Peng, Chuan Li, Lifeng Shang, Bingchun Liu, Zhen-Yue Wang, Chong-Rong Shi","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.372143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.372143","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: As a traditional medicinal plant listed in the Chinese Pharmacopeia, Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino (PAF) has a long medicinal history and high economic value. PAF has immunomodulatory properties and can be used to treat acute lung injury and eczema. The aim of this study is to solve the problems of extraction and purification of active components from PAF. Materials and Methods: The solvent to be used for extraction and its concentration, the solid-to-liquid ratio, and extraction duration were investigated using a single-factor experiment. An orthogonal design (L9[34]) was used to determine the optimum extraction conditions. After optimization, the sample's concentrations and flow velocity, the eluents and their velocity, adsorption time, and the removed water volume were measured. The content of the five steroids in the sample was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We also investigated the anti-inflammatory property of PAF calyxes before and after purification. Results: The optimum extraction and purification processes were determined by single-factor analysis. AB-8 was identified as the best macroporous adsorption resin for enrichment. After optimization, the average total steroid content was 71.83%, and the average recovery was 90% after purification. Among the five steroid components detected by HPLC, physalin F showed the highest content. Furthermore, the sample obtained after purification could significantly inhibit paw edema by egg whites induced. Conclusions: An environmentally-sustainable, efficient, and stable process was first optimized for enriching and purifying total steroids from PAF. The process has the potential for further development and utilization in the pharmaceutical industry.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46307561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.370108
Da-Yuan Zhong, Lan-Hua Li, Huan Li, Ruofei Ma, Yi-Hui Deng
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHWD) in the treatment of diabetic foot (DF). Methods: The TCMSP, BATMAN, PubChem, PharmMapper, UniProt, GeneCards, Webgestalt, and Kobas databases were used to obtain the structures, targets, main biological functions, and pathways of the active ingredients of BYHWD, and the results were visualized using Cytoscape3.6.1, Ledock, and PyMol software. Results: A total of 82 active components of BYHWD and 193 targets related to BYHWD were identified, and 5295 genes related to DF were identified using the GeneCards database, including 65 key targets of BYHWD in the treatment of DF. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the 65 targets for BYHWD treatment of DF showed that 47 GO items were involved in the treatment. It was mainly involved in biological processes, such as biological regulation, metabolism, and stress response. It is primarily involved in protein binding, ion binding, nucleotide binding, and other molecular functions. It is mainly involved in membrane encapsulation, membrane lumen closure, and other biological components and involved in the VEGF, TNF, RAS, RAP1, PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and IL-17 signaling pathways. Most targets were enriched in the PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. Molecular docking results showed that the 59 key active components of BYHWD had strong binding activity with 64 key DF targets. Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of BYHWD on DF is based on the pharmacological effects of multiple targets and pathways.
{"title":"Study on the mechanism and molecular docking verification of buyang huanwu decoction in treating diabetic foot","authors":"Da-Yuan Zhong, Lan-Hua Li, Huan Li, Ruofei Ma, Yi-Hui Deng","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.370108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.370108","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHWD) in the treatment of diabetic foot (DF). Methods: The TCMSP, BATMAN, PubChem, PharmMapper, UniProt, GeneCards, Webgestalt, and Kobas databases were used to obtain the structures, targets, main biological functions, and pathways of the active ingredients of BYHWD, and the results were visualized using Cytoscape3.6.1, Ledock, and PyMol software. Results: A total of 82 active components of BYHWD and 193 targets related to BYHWD were identified, and 5295 genes related to DF were identified using the GeneCards database, including 65 key targets of BYHWD in the treatment of DF. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the 65 targets for BYHWD treatment of DF showed that 47 GO items were involved in the treatment. It was mainly involved in biological processes, such as biological regulation, metabolism, and stress response. It is primarily involved in protein binding, ion binding, nucleotide binding, and other molecular functions. It is mainly involved in membrane encapsulation, membrane lumen closure, and other biological components and involved in the VEGF, TNF, RAS, RAP1, PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and IL-17 signaling pathways. Most targets were enriched in the PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. Molecular docking results showed that the 59 key active components of BYHWD had strong binding activity with 64 key DF targets. Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of BYHWD on DF is based on the pharmacological effects of multiple targets and pathways.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47898168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.372326
Xue-zhong Zhou, Kai Chang, Ting Jia, Yana Zhou, Zixin Shu, Ji-Fen Liu, Jing Sun, Qiguang Zheng, Hao-Yu Tian, Jia-Nan Xia, Kuo Yang, Ning Wang, Hai-long Sun, Xinyan Wang, Deng-Ying Yan, Taane G. Clark, Baoyi Liu, Xiao-Dong Li, Yong Peng
Objective: To validate two proposed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prognosis models, analyze the characteristics of different models, consider the performance of models in predicting different outcomes, and provide new insights into the development and use of artificial intelligence (AI) predictive models in clinical decision-making for COVID-19 and other diseases. Materials and Methods: We compared two proposed prediction models for COVID-19 prognosis that use a decision tree and logistic regression modeling. We evaluated the effectiveness of different model-building strategies using laboratory tests and/or clinical record data, their sensitivity and robustness to the timings of records used and the presence of missing data, and their predictive performance and capabilities in single-site and multicenter settings. Results: The predictive accuracies of the two models after retraining were improved to 93.2% and 93.9%, compared with that of the models directly used, with accuracies of 84.3% and 87.9%, indicating that the prediction models could not be used directly and require retraining based on actual data. In addition, based on the prediction model, new features obtained by model comparison and literature evidence were transferred to integrate the new models with better performance. Conclusions: Comparing the characteristics and differences of datasets used in model training, effective model verification, and a fusion of models is necessary in improving the performance of AI models.
{"title":"Validation and refinement of two interpretable models for coronavirus disease 2019 prognosis prediction","authors":"Xue-zhong Zhou, Kai Chang, Ting Jia, Yana Zhou, Zixin Shu, Ji-Fen Liu, Jing Sun, Qiguang Zheng, Hao-Yu Tian, Jia-Nan Xia, Kuo Yang, Ning Wang, Hai-long Sun, Xinyan Wang, Deng-Ying Yan, Taane G. Clark, Baoyi Liu, Xiao-Dong Li, Yong Peng","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.372326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.372326","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To validate two proposed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prognosis models, analyze the characteristics of different models, consider the performance of models in predicting different outcomes, and provide new insights into the development and use of artificial intelligence (AI) predictive models in clinical decision-making for COVID-19 and other diseases. Materials and Methods: We compared two proposed prediction models for COVID-19 prognosis that use a decision tree and logistic regression modeling. We evaluated the effectiveness of different model-building strategies using laboratory tests and/or clinical record data, their sensitivity and robustness to the timings of records used and the presence of missing data, and their predictive performance and capabilities in single-site and multicenter settings. Results: The predictive accuracies of the two models after retraining were improved to 93.2% and 93.9%, compared with that of the models directly used, with accuracies of 84.3% and 87.9%, indicating that the prediction models could not be used directly and require retraining based on actual data. In addition, based on the prediction model, new features obtained by model comparison and literature evidence were transferred to integrate the new models with better performance. Conclusions: Comparing the characteristics and differences of datasets used in model training, effective model verification, and a fusion of models is necessary in improving the performance of AI models.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42578159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.370154
Shang-Xia Zhang, Yu-Hong Wang, Hongping Long, Jian Liu, Hong Zhaoa, J. Yi, Jia Ling
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the network pharmacology of curcumae radix (CR, Yujin) and explore the mechanism of CR in the treatment of cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury (CIRI). Materials and Methods: Network analysis and pharmacological evaluation were performed to explore the protective role of CR to treat CIRI. The potential target genes of the active components and CIRI were identified using SwissTarget Prediction, Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechANism of Traditional Chinese Medicine, GeneCards, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Furthermore, network analysis was performed using Cytoscape software. Gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis were performed using the R software. In vivo experiments were performed using the water extract of CR (WECR) on PC12 cells induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to simulate ischemia/reperfusion injury. Results: The results exhibited that 21 active compounds identified in CR were associated with 73 targets of CIRI. Functional analysis showed that multiple pathways, including response to stress, regulation of apoptotic process, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway, were significantly enriched. In addition, STAT3, IL4, HIFIA, and CTNNB1 were predicted to be the most important genes among the 36 hub genes. Furthermore, WECR treatment significantly improved PC12 cell injury and decreased apoptosis levels in cells induced by H/R, with malondialdehyde contents reduced and superoxide dismutase or glutathione peroxidase levels increased. Conclusions: Network analysis and pharmacological evaluation of CR could provide valuable directions for further research on CR and improve comprehension of CIRI.
{"title":"Network pharmacology-based and pharmacological evaluation of the effects of Curcumae Radix on cerebral ischemia–Reperfusion injury","authors":"Shang-Xia Zhang, Yu-Hong Wang, Hongping Long, Jian Liu, Hong Zhaoa, J. Yi, Jia Ling","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.370154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.370154","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to investigate the network pharmacology of curcumae radix (CR, Yujin) and explore the mechanism of CR in the treatment of cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury (CIRI). Materials and Methods: Network analysis and pharmacological evaluation were performed to explore the protective role of CR to treat CIRI. The potential target genes of the active components and CIRI were identified using SwissTarget Prediction, Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechANism of Traditional Chinese Medicine, GeneCards, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Furthermore, network analysis was performed using Cytoscape software. Gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis were performed using the R software. In vivo experiments were performed using the water extract of CR (WECR) on PC12 cells induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to simulate ischemia/reperfusion injury. Results: The results exhibited that 21 active compounds identified in CR were associated with 73 targets of CIRI. Functional analysis showed that multiple pathways, including response to stress, regulation of apoptotic process, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway, were significantly enriched. In addition, STAT3, IL4, HIFIA, and CTNNB1 were predicted to be the most important genes among the 36 hub genes. Furthermore, WECR treatment significantly improved PC12 cell injury and decreased apoptosis levels in cells induced by H/R, with malondialdehyde contents reduced and superoxide dismutase or glutathione peroxidase levels increased. Conclusions: Network analysis and pharmacological evaluation of CR could provide valuable directions for further research on CR and improve comprehension of CIRI.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43294660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.372729
Jing-Ying Zhou, Yi-Tian Lai, Ling Ren, Lei Lan, Guo-shan Zhang, Mi Liu
Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture on local skin tissue metabolites of Tianshu (ST25) in rats with Crohn's disease (CD) using metabolomics and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture treatment metabolites and pathway on local skin tissue of Tianshu (ST25). Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight Sprague − Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a normal group (n = 14) and a CD modeling group (n = 24). Rats in the CD modeling group were administered with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid and ethanol enema, in addition to the normal group. Four normal rats and four CD modeling rats were selected at random after model identification was established. Furthermore, CD modeling group rats were randomly assigned to two groups of 10 rats: the model group and acupuncture group. Rats in the acupuncture group underwent acupuncture of Tianshu (ST25) and Shangjuxu (ST37) for 7 days. After the intervention, the colon tissue was collected from each group of rats and the pathological changes were observed through hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The local skin tissues at Tianshu (ST25) of the rats in each group were taken, and the proton nuclear magnetic resonance technique was used to detect the metabonomics of the local skin tissues of Tianshu (ST25) in rats. Results: Compared with the normal group, the following were observed in the model group after HE staining: irregular colon morphology and other pathological changes such as intestinal mucosal hyperemia, edema, ulcers, polyps, and inflammatory cell infiltration. In the acupuncture group, colon tissue structure was relatively complete and layered, the colon gland structure was restored, and inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly improved. The choline, glycerin, glycine, guanidoacetic acid, and proline levels were significantly higher in the model group than in the normal group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the acupuncture group had significantly increased contents of alanine, leucine, L-phenylalanine, and tyrosine in the skin (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Valine, leucine, and L-isoleucine biosynthesis and L-phenylalanine metabolism were the main metabolic pathways involved in the changes in the local skin tissues of the rats in each group, biosynthesis of tyrosine, and tryptophan. Conclusion: The change in the metabolites in the local area of Tianshu (ST25) may be related to intestinal disease. The acupuncture of Tianshu (ST25) can improve intestinal inflammatory reaction in rats with CD, and this finding may be related to the regulation of amino acid metabolites and their pathways in the local acupoint tissues of Tianshu (ST25) by acupuncture.
{"title":"Effects of acupuncture at Tianshu (ST25) and Shangjuxu (ST37) on the intestinal mucosa and metabolites of local skin tissues at Tianshu (ST25) in 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid and ethanol-induced rats","authors":"Jing-Ying Zhou, Yi-Tian Lai, Ling Ren, Lei Lan, Guo-shan Zhang, Mi Liu","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.372729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.372729","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture on local skin tissue metabolites of Tianshu (ST25) in rats with Crohn's disease (CD) using metabolomics and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture treatment metabolites and pathway on local skin tissue of Tianshu (ST25). Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight Sprague − Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a normal group (n = 14) and a CD modeling group (n = 24). Rats in the CD modeling group were administered with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid and ethanol enema, in addition to the normal group. Four normal rats and four CD modeling rats were selected at random after model identification was established. Furthermore, CD modeling group rats were randomly assigned to two groups of 10 rats: the model group and acupuncture group. Rats in the acupuncture group underwent acupuncture of Tianshu (ST25) and Shangjuxu (ST37) for 7 days. After the intervention, the colon tissue was collected from each group of rats and the pathological changes were observed through hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The local skin tissues at Tianshu (ST25) of the rats in each group were taken, and the proton nuclear magnetic resonance technique was used to detect the metabonomics of the local skin tissues of Tianshu (ST25) in rats. Results: Compared with the normal group, the following were observed in the model group after HE staining: irregular colon morphology and other pathological changes such as intestinal mucosal hyperemia, edema, ulcers, polyps, and inflammatory cell infiltration. In the acupuncture group, colon tissue structure was relatively complete and layered, the colon gland structure was restored, and inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly improved. The choline, glycerin, glycine, guanidoacetic acid, and proline levels were significantly higher in the model group than in the normal group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the acupuncture group had significantly increased contents of alanine, leucine, L-phenylalanine, and tyrosine in the skin (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Valine, leucine, and L-isoleucine biosynthesis and L-phenylalanine metabolism were the main metabolic pathways involved in the changes in the local skin tissues of the rats in each group, biosynthesis of tyrosine, and tryptophan. Conclusion: The change in the metabolites in the local area of Tianshu (ST25) may be related to intestinal disease. The acupuncture of Tianshu (ST25) can improve intestinal inflammatory reaction in rats with CD, and this finding may be related to the regulation of amino acid metabolites and their pathways in the local acupoint tissues of Tianshu (ST25) by acupuncture.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41425477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.378171
Lu Zhou, Chaohong Wu, Xi-Ting Wang, Shuangqiao Liu, Yizhuo Zhang, Yue-Meng Sun, Jian Cui, Caiyan Li, Hui-Min Yuan, Yan Sun, Feng-jie Zheng, Feng-qin Xu, Yuhang Li
Background: The medical records of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) contain numerous synonymous terms with different descriptions, which is not conducive to computer-aided data mining of TCM. However, there is a lack of models available to normalize synonymous TCM terms. Therefore, construction of a synonymous term conversion (STC) model for normalizing synonymous TCM terms is necessary. Methods: Based on the neural networks of bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT), four types of TCM STC models were designed: Models based on BERT and text classification, text sequence generation, named entity recognition, and text matching. The superior STC model was selected on the basis of its performance in converting synonymous terms. Moreover, three misjudgment inspection methods for the conversion results of the STC model based on inconsistency were proposed to find incorrect term conversion: Neuron random deactivation, output comparison of multiple isomorphic models, and output comparison of multiple heterogeneous models (OCMH). Results: The classification-based STC model outperformed the other STC task models. It achieved F1 scores of 0.91, 0.91, and 0.83 for performing symptoms, patterns, and treatments STC tasks, respectively. The OCMH method showed the best performance in misjudgment inspection, with wrong detection rates of 0.80, 0.84, and 0.90 in the term conversion results for symptoms, patterns, and treatments, respectively. Conclusion: The TCM STC model based on classification achieved superior performance in converting synonymous terms for symptoms, patterns, and treatments. The misjudgment inspection method based on OCMH showed superior performance in identifying incorrect outputs.
{"title":"Traditional chinese medicine synonymous term conversion: A bidirectional encoder representations from transformers-based model for converting synonymous terms in traditional chinese medicine","authors":"Lu Zhou, Chaohong Wu, Xi-Ting Wang, Shuangqiao Liu, Yizhuo Zhang, Yue-Meng Sun, Jian Cui, Caiyan Li, Hui-Min Yuan, Yan Sun, Feng-jie Zheng, Feng-qin Xu, Yuhang Li","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.378171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.378171","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The medical records of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) contain numerous synonymous terms with different descriptions, which is not conducive to computer-aided data mining of TCM. However, there is a lack of models available to normalize synonymous TCM terms. Therefore, construction of a synonymous term conversion (STC) model for normalizing synonymous TCM terms is necessary. Methods: Based on the neural networks of bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT), four types of TCM STC models were designed: Models based on BERT and text classification, text sequence generation, named entity recognition, and text matching. The superior STC model was selected on the basis of its performance in converting synonymous terms. Moreover, three misjudgment inspection methods for the conversion results of the STC model based on inconsistency were proposed to find incorrect term conversion: Neuron random deactivation, output comparison of multiple isomorphic models, and output comparison of multiple heterogeneous models (OCMH). Results: The classification-based STC model outperformed the other STC task models. It achieved F1 scores of 0.91, 0.91, and 0.83 for performing symptoms, patterns, and treatments STC tasks, respectively. The OCMH method showed the best performance in misjudgment inspection, with wrong detection rates of 0.80, 0.84, and 0.90 in the term conversion results for symptoms, patterns, and treatments, respectively. Conclusion: The TCM STC model based on classification achieved superior performance in converting synonymous terms for symptoms, patterns, and treatments. The misjudgment inspection method based on OCMH showed superior performance in identifying incorrect outputs.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45728451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.373586
Xia Liu, Jianan Cao, Tao Liu, H. Zhong, Mi Liu, X. Chang, Qiong Liu
Objective: The objective of this study was to observe the effect of herb-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) on the gut microbiota of rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Materials and Methods: A total of 48 male rats were randomly divided into a normal control group and an irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) model group. Using acetic acid irrigation and constraint stress, an IBS-D rat model was developed. After the model was made, the IBS rats were divided into IBS, HPM group, and pinaverium bromide (PB) group. The HPM received HPM for 20 min every day, while the PB was given gastric perfusion once a day for 14 days. After modeling and treatment, the abdominal withdrawal reflex, fecal character score, and fecal water content of rats were scored, and a 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was performed on the gut microbiota. Results: After treatment, the fecal character score and fecal water content in the HPM increased significantly, while visceral sensitivity decreased. Investigation of 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that α-diversity was reduced in the IBS, and HPM could increase the diversity of flora. The flora structure of IBS-D rats changed. HPM can increase the abundance of probiotics such as Akkermansia and reduce the abundance of opportunistic pathogens such as Bacteroides and Prevotella. Functional prediction analysis showed that the HPM was mainly related to the bacillary secret system, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and other pathways. Conclusion: HPM can regulate the gut microbiota of rats with IBS-D.
{"title":"Effect of herb-partitioned moxibustion on structure and functional prediction of gut microbiota in rats with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea","authors":"Xia Liu, Jianan Cao, Tao Liu, H. Zhong, Mi Liu, X. Chang, Qiong Liu","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.373586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.373586","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to observe the effect of herb-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) on the gut microbiota of rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Materials and Methods: A total of 48 male rats were randomly divided into a normal control group and an irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) model group. Using acetic acid irrigation and constraint stress, an IBS-D rat model was developed. After the model was made, the IBS rats were divided into IBS, HPM group, and pinaverium bromide (PB) group. The HPM received HPM for 20 min every day, while the PB was given gastric perfusion once a day for 14 days. After modeling and treatment, the abdominal withdrawal reflex, fecal character score, and fecal water content of rats were scored, and a 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was performed on the gut microbiota. Results: After treatment, the fecal character score and fecal water content in the HPM increased significantly, while visceral sensitivity decreased. Investigation of 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that α-diversity was reduced in the IBS, and HPM could increase the diversity of flora. The flora structure of IBS-D rats changed. HPM can increase the abundance of probiotics such as Akkermansia and reduce the abundance of opportunistic pathogens such as Bacteroides and Prevotella. Functional prediction analysis showed that the HPM was mainly related to the bacillary secret system, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and other pathways. Conclusion: HPM can regulate the gut microbiota of rats with IBS-D.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45505025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.378172
Can Huang, Ling Yuan, Yang Niu, Yating Yang, Yi-Fan Yang, Yi Nan, Hong-Li Dou, J. Japhet
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the potential mechanisms of ephedra-gypsum in the treatment of respiratory diseases (RDs) using network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Materials and Methods: The TCMSP and UniProt databases were used to mine the active components and targets of ephedra-gypsum, and the targets of RD were screened using the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) and GeneCards databases. The protein-protein interaction network graph was created using the drug-disease intersection targets in the STRING database. The network diagram was analyzed using Cytoscape 3.9.1's topology function. The gene ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID platform. Molecular docking bioactivity validation of the main active components and core targets was performed using AutoDock and PyMOL software. Results: Twenty-four compounds were screened, and 113 drug-disease targets overlapped. In total, 358 biological processes, 67 molecular functions, 38 cellular components of GO, and 139 pathways were identified. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated the strong binding ability of tumor protein 53 (TP53)-luteolin. Conclusion: The core components of ephedra-gypsum, such as quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and CaSO4·2H2O, act on key targets, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), TP53, and IL-1 β through cytokine-mediated signaling pathways, inflammatory responses, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. This could be useful for the treatment of RD.
{"title":"Using network pharmacology and molecular docking tools to investigate the potential mechanism of ephedra-gypsum in the treatment of respiratory diseases","authors":"Can Huang, Ling Yuan, Yang Niu, Yating Yang, Yi-Fan Yang, Yi Nan, Hong-Li Dou, J. Japhet","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.378172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.378172","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the potential mechanisms of ephedra-gypsum in the treatment of respiratory diseases (RDs) using network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Materials and Methods: The TCMSP and UniProt databases were used to mine the active components and targets of ephedra-gypsum, and the targets of RD were screened using the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) and GeneCards databases. The protein-protein interaction network graph was created using the drug-disease intersection targets in the STRING database. The network diagram was analyzed using Cytoscape 3.9.1's topology function. The gene ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID platform. Molecular docking bioactivity validation of the main active components and core targets was performed using AutoDock and PyMOL software. Results: Twenty-four compounds were screened, and 113 drug-disease targets overlapped. In total, 358 biological processes, 67 molecular functions, 38 cellular components of GO, and 139 pathways were identified. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated the strong binding ability of tumor protein 53 (TP53)-luteolin. Conclusion: The core components of ephedra-gypsum, such as quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and CaSO4·2H2O, act on key targets, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), TP53, and IL-1 β through cytokine-mediated signaling pathways, inflammatory responses, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. This could be useful for the treatment of RD.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48659726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.370107
Min Yang, Guitao Xu
Objective: The objective of the study is to examine the possible mechanism by which Guasha (scraping therapy) affects the expression profiles of proteins in a lumbar disc herniation (LDH) rat model using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomics. Methods: Thirty-six rats were used in this study. LDH rats were subjected to noncompressive LDH surgeries. Rats were randomly divided into the model and Guasha groups. Guasha was applied on alternate days for a total of nine times (three courses). At the end of each course, six rats were randomly selected from each group and their blood samples were collected. iTRAQ labeling was used to examine the mechanism of action of Guasha against LDH. The molecular functions, cellular components, and biological processes were analyzed using gene ontology analysis. The Ingenuity Pathway Analysis database was used to identify canonical pathways involving these proteins. Results: Compared to the model group, 198, 182, and 170 proteins were identified as differentially expressed at the three respective Guasha treatment courses. Pathways, including focal adhesion kinase signaling, acute-phase response signaling, and the LXR/RXR activation pathway, were closely related to the effects of Guasha in LDH rats. Furthermore, Rac1, Orm1, and Hpx were validated by western blotting, and the results were consistent with the protein expression levels observed using the iTRAQ method. Conclusion: Guasha could not only regulate the pathological changes related to LDH, but also achieve therapeutic effects by stimulating physiological changes. Our results offer a better understanding of the effects of Guasha on LDH.
{"title":"Isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation-based proteomics for investigating the effect of Guasha on lumbar disc herniation in rats","authors":"Min Yang, Guitao Xu","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.370107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.370107","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the study is to examine the possible mechanism by which Guasha (scraping therapy) affects the expression profiles of proteins in a lumbar disc herniation (LDH) rat model using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomics. Methods: Thirty-six rats were used in this study. LDH rats were subjected to noncompressive LDH surgeries. Rats were randomly divided into the model and Guasha groups. Guasha was applied on alternate days for a total of nine times (three courses). At the end of each course, six rats were randomly selected from each group and their blood samples were collected. iTRAQ labeling was used to examine the mechanism of action of Guasha against LDH. The molecular functions, cellular components, and biological processes were analyzed using gene ontology analysis. The Ingenuity Pathway Analysis database was used to identify canonical pathways involving these proteins. Results: Compared to the model group, 198, 182, and 170 proteins were identified as differentially expressed at the three respective Guasha treatment courses. Pathways, including focal adhesion kinase signaling, acute-phase response signaling, and the LXR/RXR activation pathway, were closely related to the effects of Guasha in LDH rats. Furthermore, Rac1, Orm1, and Hpx were validated by western blotting, and the results were consistent with the protein expression levels observed using the iTRAQ method. Conclusion: Guasha could not only regulate the pathological changes related to LDH, but also achieve therapeutic effects by stimulating physiological changes. Our results offer a better understanding of the effects of Guasha on LDH.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43687673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on extensive historical data, clinical experience, and modern scientific research, we discuss the relationship between meridians and viscera of decreased ovarian reserve (OR) from the perspective of “preventive treatment of disease” by acupuncture. It is believed that the endogenous protection mechanism of acupuncture in “preventive treatment of disease” lies in harmonizing Yin and Yang and dredging meridians; stimulating righteousness and rejecting the evil outside; preventing disease; co-cultivating body and spirit, and regulating emotions. The incidence of OR dysfunction is closely related to the uterus-related meridians and viscera. The mechanism of acupuncture treatment of OR dysfunction may be related to reproductive endocrine hormone levels, ovarian tissue morphology, immune system, granulosa cell apoptosis, and related signal transduction pathways. The clinical effect of acupuncture treatment of diminished OR is reflected in improving menstruation and ovulation; improving OR function, promoting pregnancy; improving local ovarian microenvironment; improving negative emotions, improving quality of life, and thus affecting pregnancy outcomes. This article summarizes the mechanism of action and clinical effect of acupuncture in the treatment of decreased OR function based on recent findings, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of acupuncture in the treatment of disease, and provides the rationale for the clinical application of acupuncture in the treatment of decreased OR function.
{"title":"Discussion on relationship between meridians and viscera of decreased ovarian reserve from the perspective of “preventive treatment of disease” by acupuncture","authors":"Sian Pan, Zhimiao Murong, Yi-Lin Zhu, Jia Song, Xiao-rong Chang, Yu Liu, Zenghui Yue","doi":"10.4103/2311-8571.378173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2311-8571.378173","url":null,"abstract":"Based on extensive historical data, clinical experience, and modern scientific research, we discuss the relationship between meridians and viscera of decreased ovarian reserve (OR) from the perspective of “preventive treatment of disease” by acupuncture. It is believed that the endogenous protection mechanism of acupuncture in “preventive treatment of disease” lies in harmonizing Yin and Yang and dredging meridians; stimulating righteousness and rejecting the evil outside; preventing disease; co-cultivating body and spirit, and regulating emotions. The incidence of OR dysfunction is closely related to the uterus-related meridians and viscera. The mechanism of acupuncture treatment of OR dysfunction may be related to reproductive endocrine hormone levels, ovarian tissue morphology, immune system, granulosa cell apoptosis, and related signal transduction pathways. The clinical effect of acupuncture treatment of diminished OR is reflected in improving menstruation and ovulation; improving OR function, promoting pregnancy; improving local ovarian microenvironment; improving negative emotions, improving quality of life, and thus affecting pregnancy outcomes. This article summarizes the mechanism of action and clinical effect of acupuncture in the treatment of decreased OR function based on recent findings, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of acupuncture in the treatment of disease, and provides the rationale for the clinical application of acupuncture in the treatment of decreased OR function.","PeriodicalId":23692,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47900641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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